《素问·奇病篇》曰∶人有重身,九月而喑,此为何也?岐伯对曰∶胞之络脉绝也。胞络者,
系于肾;少阴之脉,贯肾系舌本,故不能言,当十月而后。(十月胎产,胞络复通,不治而
语音自出也。)
鲤鱼汤 治妊娠腹胀,遍身浮肿,小便不利;或胎死腹中,皆效。
当归 白芍药(各一钱) 白术(二钱) 白茯苓(一钱五分) 橘红(五分) 鲤鱼(一尾,不拘大小)
上作一服,将鲤鱼去鳞脏,白水煮熟,去鱼,用汁钟半,生姜五片,煎一钟,空心服,当见
胎水下。如水未尽,胎死腹中,胀闷未除,再制一服,水尽胀消乃已。
达生散妊娠八九个月,宜扶正气,散 气。若虚人尤宜。
大腹皮(酒洗) 白术 芍药 当归 人参 陈皮 紫苏(各五分) 甘草(四分)
上水钟半煎。春加川芎、防风、夏加黄芩、五味子,秋加泽泻,冬加砂仁。或通加枳壳、
砂仁,胎动加金银汤、野苎根,上气加紫苏,性急多怒,加柴胡、芩连,少食加砂仁、神曲,
渴加麦门冬、葛根,能食加黄杨,如有痰,加半夏、黄芩。
束胎丸怀妊八月内,恐胎气展大,难产,用此扶母气,束儿胎,易产。
条黄芩(冬月一两,夏月五钱,用酒炒过,不可太熟) 白术(三两) 白茯苓(七钱五分)
陈皮(二两)
上为末,粥糊丸,梧桐子大。每服五十丸,白汤下。
枳壳散临月服之,顺气易产。
枳壳(三两,炒) 粉草(两半,炙) 香附子(炒,一两)
上为细末,每服二钱,空心滚白汤调下,故日三服。《良方》等书悉谓此方顺气易产,故日
三服。愚意此皆耗气之药,若服过多,恐损真气。但于临产之月,间日服之,可以降气破
气而已,庶几胎气顺而易产也。
救生散 治妊娠禀受虚弱,胎元不盛,勿服枳壳散破气之剂。此方益气安胎易产,甚妙。
人参 白术(炒) 神曲(炒) 麦芽(炒) 诃子(煨,取肉) 橘红
上等分为末,每服三钱,水一钟,煎七分,空心食前服。
《素问·奇病篇》说:有人怀孕到第九个月时出现失音,这是为什么呢?岐伯回答说:这是因为胞宫的络脉阻滞不通。胞宫的络脉,连接于肾;足少阴肾经的经脉,贯穿肾脏并联系舌根,所以导致不能说话,等到第十个月分娩后就会恢复。(到了第十个月胎产完成,胞宫络脉重新通畅,不用治疗语音自然就能发出。)
鲤鱼汤 治疗妊娠期间腹部胀满,全身浮肿,小便不通畅;或者是胎死腹中,服用此方都有效。
药材组成:当归、白芍药(各一钱)、白术(二钱)、白茯苓(一钱五分)、橘红(五分)、鲤鱼(一条,不拘大小)。
以上药材作为一剂服用。将鲤鱼去鳞和内脏,用白水煮熟,去掉鱼肉,取鱼汁半钟,加入生姜五片,煎煮至一钟量,空腹服用,应当能看到胎水排出。如果水未尽,胎死腹中,腹胀闷痛未消除,再配制一剂服用,直到水排尽、腹胀消除为止。
达生散 妊娠八九个月时,适宜扶助正气,疏散滞气。如果是体质虚弱的人尤其适宜。
药材组成:大腹皮(酒洗)、白术、芍药、当归、人参、陈皮、紫苏(各五分)、甘草(四分)。
以上药材用水半钟煎煮。春季加川芎、防风,夏季加黄芩、五味子,秋季加泽泻,冬季加砂仁。或者通用加枳壳、砂仁,胎动不安加金银汤、野苎根,上气(气逆)加紫苏,性情急躁易怒加柴胡、黄芩、黄连,食欲减退加砂仁、神曲,口渴加麦门冬、葛根,能进食加黄杨木,如果有痰,加半夏、黄芩。
束胎丸 怀孕八个月内,担心胎气过大导致难产,使用此方扶助母体元气,束缚胎儿胎位,使生产容易。
药材组成:条黄芩(冬季一两,夏季五钱,用酒炒过,不可炒得太熟)、白术(三两)、白茯苓(七钱五分)、陈皮(二两)。
以上药材研为细末,用米粥糊制成丸药,大小如梧桐子。每次服用五十丸,用白开水送服。
枳壳散 临产前服用,可顺气易产。
药材组成:枳壳(三两,炒)、粉草(半两,炙)、香附子(炒,一两)。
以上药材研为细末,每次服用二钱,空腹用滚开的白开水调服,所以每天服用三次。《良方》等书籍都说此方能顺气易产,所以每天服用三次。但我认为这些都是耗气的药物,如果服用过多,恐怕损伤真气。只要在临产的月份,隔日服用,就可以降气破气而已,这样大概能使胎气顺畅而容易生产。
救生散 治疗妊娠期间禀赋虚弱,胎元不盛,不要服用枳壳散这类破气的药剂。此方能益气安胎、易于生产,非常妙。
药材组成:人参、白术(炒)、神曲(炒)、麦芽(炒)、诃子(煨,取肉)、橘红。
以上药材等分为末,每次服用三钱,用水一钟,煎煮至七分量,空腹饭前服用。
Suwen (Plain Questions), Chapter on Rare Diseases, states: "If a person is pregnant and becomes aphonic in the ninth month, why is this?" Qibo replied: "This is because the collateral vessels of the uterus are obstructed. The collateral vessels of the uterus are connected to the Kidney; the Shaoyin (Lesser Yin) meridian passes through the Kidney and connects to the root of the tongue, thus causing inability to speak. It will recover after the tenth month." (After delivery in the tenth month, the uterine collaterals reconnect, and speech returns spontaneously without treatment.)
Li Yu Tang (Carp Decoction) treats abdominal distension during pregnancy, generalized edema, and difficult urination; it is also effective for intrauterine fetal death.
Ingredients: Danggui Radix Angelicae Sinensis (1 qian), Baishao Radix Paeoniae Alba (1 qian), Baizhu Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (2 qian), Baifuling Poria (1.5 qian), Juhong Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride (0.5 qian), Carp (one whole, size unrestricted).
Prepare as one dose. Scale and clean the carp, boil in plain water until cooked, remove the fish meat, and retain half a zhong of the broth. Add five slices of Shengjiang Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, decoct until one zhong remains. Take on an empty stomach. Fetal fluids should be discharged. If fluids remain, indicating intrauterine fetal death and persistent abdominal distension and oppression, prepare another dose. Continue until fluids are exhausted and distension resolves.
Da Sheng San (Great Life Powder) is suitable for the eighth and ninth months of pregnancy to support healthy Qi and disperse stagnant Qi. It is especially appropriate for individuals with deficiency constitutions.
Ingredients: Dafupi Pericarpium Arecae Catechu (wine-washed), Baizhu Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Shaoyao Radix Paeoniae Alba, Danggui Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Renshen Radix Ginseng, Chenpi Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Zisu Folium Perillae (each 0.5 qian), Gancao Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata (0.4 qian).
Decoct with half a zhong of water. In spring, add Chuanxiong Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong and Fangfeng Radix Saposhnikoviae; in summer, add Huangqin Cortex Scutellariae and Wuweizi Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis; in autumn, add Zexia Herba Alismatis Orientalis; in winter, add Sharen Fructus Amomi Rotundus. Alternatively, generally add Zhike Fructus Aurantii and Sharen Fructus Amomi Rotundus; for restless fetus, add Jin Yin Tang (decoction of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos) and Ye Zhu Gen Rhizoma Nephrolepidis Convoluti; for rebellious Qi, add Zisu Folium Perillae; for irritability and anger, add Chaihu Radix Bupleuri, Huangqin Cortex Scutellariae, and Huanglian Rhizoma Coptidis; for poor appetite, add Sharen Fructus Amomi Rotundus and Shenqu Mass medicata fermentata; for thirst, add Maimendong Radix Ophiopogonis and Gegen Radix Puerariae Lobatae; for good appetite, add Huangyangmu Lignum Euonymi Japonici; if phlegm is present, add Banxia Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparatum and Huangqin Cortex Scutellariae.
Shu Tai Wan (Fetus-Binding Pill) is used within the eighth month of pregnancy to prevent excessive fetal growth that might cause dystocia. This formula supports maternal Qi and binds the fetal position to facilitate delivery.
Ingredients: Tiao Huangqin Cortex Scutellariae (1 liang in winter, 5 qian in summer, stir-fried with wine, not overcooked), Baizhu Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (3 liang), Baifuling Poria (7.5 qian), Chenpi Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (2 liang).
Grind into fine powder, mix with rice porridge paste to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 50 pills each time, washed down with warm water.
Zhi Ke San (Aurantii Fructus Powder) is taken near term to promote smooth Qi flow and facilitate delivery.
Ingredients: Zhike Fructus Aurantii (3 liang, stir-fried), Fencao Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata (0.5 liang, honey-fried), Xiangfu Rhizoma Cyperi Rotundi (stir-fried, 1 liang).
Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian each time, mixed with boiling water on an empty stomach. Hence, take three times daily. Books such as Liangfang state this formula promotes smooth Qi and facilitates delivery, hence the three daily doses. However, I believe these are Qi-consuming herbs; excessive use may damage True Qi. It is sufficient to take it every other day during the month of delivery to descend and break Qi stagnation, thereby ensuring smooth fetal Qi and easier delivery.
Jiu Sheng San (Life-Saving Powder) treats pregnancy complicated by weak constitution and deficient fetal vitality. Do not use Qi-breaking agents like Zhi Ke San. This formula tonifies Qi, calms the fetus, and facilitates delivery, which is very effective.
Ingredients: Renshen Radix Ginseng, Baizhu Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (stir-fried), Shenqu Mass medicata fermentata (stir-fried), Maiya Fructus Hordei Germinatus (stir-fried), Hezi Fructus Terminaliae Chebulae (roasted, flesh only), Chenpi Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae.
Grind all ingredients into equal parts powder. Take 3 qian each time, decoct with one zhong of water until reduced to 0.7 zhong. Take on an empty stomach before meals.