\r戊戌岁图\psjzl35.bmp\r
太阳寒水司天,太阴湿土在泉,中见太征火运,岁火太过,气化营运先天,寒化在上,
左动化,右清化,故天政所布其气肃,甘化在下,左丹化,右灼化,故地气静而其令徐,寒
临太虚,其政大举,阳气不令,泽无阳焰,则火发待时,少阳中治,时雨乃涯,止极雨散,
还于太阴,云朝北极,湿化乃布,泽流万物,寒、敷于上,雷动于下,寒化一,热化七,湿
化五,所谓正化日也。鳞虫静, 虫育,是谓岁物所宜,鳞虫不成,燥毒不生,是皆地气所
制,寒湿之气,持于气交,水土合德,上应辰星镇星,其谷玄 ,民病寒湿,发肌肉萎,足
痿不收,濡泻血溢,盖水为天气,土为地气,土胜水,天气虚,先资化源,以助水化,抑其
运气,扶其不胜,无使暴过而生其疾,食玄 之谷,以全其真,避虚邪之气,以安其正,岁
宜苦以燥之温之,适气同异多少制之,运与寒湿异,宜以燥湿化,其化上苦温,中甘和,下
甘温,所谓药食宜也。岁半之前,天气主之,其化太阳寒水,若寒淫所胜,则寒气反至,水
且冰,血变于中,发为痈疡,民病厥心痛,呕血、血泄、鼽、衄、善悲、时眩仆,运火炎烈
,雨暴乃雹,胸腹满,手热 挛腋肿,心澹澹大动,胸胁胃脘不安,面赤目黄,善噫嗌干,
甚则色 ,渴而欲饮,病本于心,诊在手神门之脉,其法平以辛热,佐以甘苦,以咸泻之,
岁半之后,地气主之,其化太阴湿土,若湿淫于内,则埃昏岩谷,黄反见黑,至阴之交,民
病饮积,心痛耳聋,浑浑 ,嗌肿喉痹,阴病血见,少腹痛肿,不得小便,病冲头痛,目
似脱,项似拔,腰似折,髀不可以回, 如结, 如别,其法治以苦热,佐以酸淡,以苦燥
之,以淡泄之,岁运之火,纪曰赫曦,是谓蕃茂,阴气内化,阳气外荣,炎暑施化,物得以
昌,其化长,其气高,其政动,其令鸣显,其动炎灼妄扰,其德暄暑郁蒸,其变炎烈沸腾,
其化兼其所胜,其病笑、疟、疮疡、血流、狂妄、目赤,上见太阳,水抑运火,是谓上羽与
正征同,其收齐,其病 ,其治宜以甘和。初之气,自丁酉年大寒日申初,至是岁春分日午
初,凡六十日八十七刻半,主位少角木,客气少阳火,中见火运,气与运同,地气迁,气乃
大温,草乃早荣,民乃厉,温病乃作,身热头痛呕吐,肌腠疮疡,宜调少阳之客,以咸补之
,以甘泻之,以咸 之,岁谷宜玄,间谷宜豆,则火不为邪,是气也。无犯司气之热。二之
气,自春分日午正,至小满日辰正,凡六十日有奇,主位太征火,客气阳明金,中见火运,
岁运得位,阳明客之,燥热相遇,大凉反至,民乃惨,草乃遇寒,火气遂抑,民病气郁中满
,寒乃始,宜调阳明之客,以酸补之,以辛泻之,以苦泄之,岁谷宜玄,间谷宜黍,则燥不
为邪。三之气,自小满日巳初,至大暑日卯初,凡六十日有奇,主位太征火,客气太阳水,
中见火运,火当其位,天政布,寒气行,民病寒反热中,痈疽注下,心热瞀闷,不治者死,
宜治太阳之客,以苦补之,以咸泻之,以苦坚之,以辛润之,岁谷宜玄,间谷宜稷,则寒不
为邪。四之气,自大暑日卯正,至秋分日丑正,凡六十日有奇,主位少宫土,客气厥阴木,
中见火运,土木相刑,风湿交争,风化为雨,乃长乃化乃成,民病大热少气,肌肉萎足痿,
注下赤白,宜治厥阴之客,以辛补之,以酸泻之,以甘缓之,岁谷宜 ,间谷宜稻,则风不
为邪。五之气,自秋分日寅初,至小雪日子初,凡六十日有奇,主位太商金,客气少阴火,
中见火运,气与运同,不司气化,时令至此,阳复化,草乃长乃化乃成,民乃舒,宜调少阴
之客,以咸补之,以甘泻之,以酸收之,岁谷宜 ,间谷宜豆,则热不为邪。终之气,自小
雪日子正,至大寒日戌正,凡六十日有奇,主位少羽水,客气太阴土,中见火运,地气正,
湿令行,阴凝太虚,埃昏郊野,民乃惨凄,寒风以至,反者孕乃死,宜治太阴之客,以甘补
之,以苦泻之,以甘缓之,岁谷宜 ,间谷宜麻,则湿不为邪,此六气之化也。岁半之前,
有胜气者,岁半之后,必有复气,水胜则太阴复之,土胜则厥阴复之,治各以其胜复之法。
戊戌年运气图
太阳寒水司天,太阴湿土在泉,中运为太徵火运。岁火太过,气化运行先于天时(即气候早至)。寒气在上,左方动化,右方清化,所以天政所布之气肃杀;甘味化生于下,左方丹化,右方灼化,所以地气宁静而令行迟缓。寒气笼罩太虚,其政令盛大,阳气不得施令,沼泽中没有阳光照耀的热气,则火气发作需等待时机。少阳相火居中治理,时令雨水才止,雨止至极则消散,回归太阴湿气,云彩朝向北极,湿气开始布散,滋润万物。寒气敷布于上,雷声震动于下。寒化为一,热化为七,湿化为五,这就是正化日。鳞虫安静,羽虫繁育,这是岁物适宜的规律。鳞虫不能成长,燥毒不产生,这都是地气制约的结果。寒湿之气,持守于气交之处,水土合德,上应辰星(水星)和镇星(土星)。民众易患寒湿病,出现肌肉萎缩、足痿无力不收、濡泻(大便稀溏如水)、血溢等症状。盖因水为天气,土为地气,土胜则水弱,天气虚弱,应先资助化源,以助水化,抑制过盛的运气,扶持不胜的一方,不要使暴烈之气过度而产生疾病。食用黑色(玄)谷物,以保全真气,避开虚邪贼风,以安定正气。岁宜用苦味药以燥湿温阳。根据气运的同异多少来制定方药。运气与寒湿不同,宜用燥湿之法。治上焦宜苦温,治中焦宜甘平调和,治下焦宜甘温,这就是药食适宜的原则。
岁半之前,由天气主事,其化为太阳寒水。若寒气淫盛,则寒气反而到来,水结冰,血液在中焦发生变化,发为痈疡。民众患病表现为厥心痛、呕血、便血、鼻渊、鼻衄、易悲伤、时常眩晕仆倒。运火炎烈,暴雨成雹。胸腹满闷,手足发热、拘挛、腋肿,心中澹澹大动,胸胁胃脘部不安宁,面色红赤、目黄,容易嗳气、咽干,严重时面色黑垢,口渴想饮水。病本在心。诊察手部神门穴的脉象。治疗方法:以辛热之品平调,佐以甘苦之品,以咸味泻之。
岁半之后,由地气主事,其化为太阴湿土。若湿气淫盛于内,则尘埃昏暗,岩谷朦胧,黄色反见黑色,处于至阴之交。民众患病为饮积、心痛、耳聋、头昏沉重、咽喉肿痛喉痹,阴分病变见出血,少腹痛肿,小便不通,病气冲头痛,眼睛像要脱出,颈部像被拔起,腰部像折断,大腿不能回转,腘窝像结住,小腿像分离。治疗方法:用苦热之品治疗,佐以酸淡之品,用苦味燥湿,用淡味渗泄。
岁运之火,纪称为赫曦,这叫做蕃茂。阴气在内化生,阳气在外荣华,炎热暑气施行教化,万物得以昌盛。其化生长,其气高扬,其政变动,其令鸣响显著。其变动为炎热灼烧妄乱干扰,其德为温暖暑热郁蒸,其变为炎热烈火沸腾。其化兼及其所胜之气,其病为笑、疟疾、疮疡、血流、狂妄、目赤。上见太阳寒水之气,水抑制运火,这称为上羽与正徵相同,其收成整齐,其病为……(原文此处可能有缺字或通假,通常指寒凝或特定症状),其治疗宜用甘味调和。
初之气,从丁酉年大寒日申初,到本年春分日午初,共六十日八十七刻半。主位为少角木,客气为少阳火,中见火运,气与运同。地气迁移,气候变得大温,草木早早繁荣,民众发生瘟疫,温病兴起,身体发热、头痛、呕吐,肌肤腠理生疮疡。宜调理少阳客气,以咸味补之,以甘味泻之,以咸味……(原文此处可能有缺字,通常指软坚或收敛等,结合语境可能为“以咸坚之”或类似,但依原文留白处理,此处译为“以咸味...”),岁谷宜黑色,间谷宜豆类,则火不为邪。此气不可侵犯司天之热气。
二之气,从春分日午正,到小满日辰正,共六十余日。主位为太徵火,客气为阳明金,中见火运。岁运得位,阳明客气加之,燥热相遇,大凉气反而到来,民众感到凄惨,草木遭遇寒冷,火气被抑制。民众患病为气郁中满,寒气始生。宜调理阳明客气,以酸味补之,以辛味泻之,以苦味泄之。岁谷宜黑色,间谷宜黍米,则燥不为邪。
三之气,从小满日巳初,到大暑日卯初,共六十余日。主位为太徵火,客气为太阳水,中见火运。火当其位,天政布令,寒气流行。民众患病为寒气入里化热(寒反热中),痈疽、痢疾,心中烦热昏闷,不治者死。宜治疗太阳客气,以苦味补之,以咸味泻之,以苦味坚之,以辛味润之。岁谷宜黑色,间谷宜稷米,则寒不为邪。
四之气,自大暑日卯正,到秋分日丑正,共六十余日。主位为少宫土,客气为厥阴木,中见火运。土木相刑,风湿交争,风化为雨,万物乃长、乃化、乃成。民众患病为大热、少气、肌肉萎缩、足痿、痢疾赤白相间。宜治疗厥阴客气,以辛味补之,以酸味泻之,以甘味缓之。岁谷宜……(原文缺字,通常指白色谷物如稻麦类,但前文已提岁谷宜玄,此处可能重复或特指,依原文留空或根据上下文推断,此处按原文结构保留空缺意译或略去具体谷物名以免臆测,但为了流畅,暂译为“岁谷宜相应谷物”),间谷宜稻米,则风不为邪。
五之气,从秋分日寅初,到小雪日子初,共六十余日。主位为太商金,客气为少阴火,中见火运。气与运同,不司气化(指金气不主令,受火气影响)。时令至此,阳气复化,草木乃长、乃化、乃成,民众感觉舒爽。宜调理少阴客气,以咸味补之,以甘味泻之,以酸味收之。岁谷宜……(同上),间谷宜豆类,则热不为邪。
终之气,从小雪日子正,到大寒日戌正,共六十余日。主位为少羽水,客气为太阴土,中见火运。地气正令,湿气施行,阴气凝结太虚,郊野尘埃昏暗,民众感到凄惨,寒风来到,逆者孕育而死。宜治疗太阴客气,以甘味补之,以苦味泻之,以甘味缓之。岁谷宜……(同上),间谷宜芝麻,则湿不为邪。这就是六气的变化。
Diagram of the Year Wuxu (Earth Dog)
Taiyang Cold Water governs the Heaven (Si Tian), Taiyin Damp Earth governs the Earth (Zai Quan), and the Central Movement is Tai Zheng Fire. The year's Fire is excessive, so its Qi transformation operates ahead of time (climate arrives early). Cold transforms above; on the left, it moves and transforms; on the right, it clears and transforms. Thus, the Heavenly Government distributes a肃 (solemn/chilling) Qi. Sweetness transforms below; on the left, it turns red (Dan); on the right, it burns (Zhuo). Thus, the Earthly Qi is tranquil, and its commands are slow. Cold descends upon the Great Void, its administration is grand, Yang Qi does not command, marshes lack solar flame, so Fire erupts awaiting its time. Shaoyang (Ministerial Fire) governs in the middle, seasonal rains cease. When rain stops to the extreme, it dissipates and returns to Taiyin. Clouds gather at the North Pole, Dampness begins to spread, nourishing all things. Cold spreads above, thunder moves below. Cold transformation is 1, Heat transformation is 7, Dampness transformation is 5. This is called the Day of Proper Transformation. Scale-dwelling creatures are quiet, feathered creatures breed. This is what suits the year's matters. Scale-dwellers do not mature, Dryness toxins do not arise. All these are constrained by Earthly Qi. Cold and Damp Qi hold at the Qi intersection. Water and Earth combine their virtue, corresponding above to Chen Xing (Mercury) and Zhen Xing (Saturn). People suffer from Cold-Damp diseases, manifesting as muscle atrophy, foot weakness and inability to grasp, damp diarrhea, and blood extravasation. Since Water is Heavenly Qi and Earth is Earthly Qi, if Earth overcomes Water, Heavenly Qi becomes deficient. One must first support the source of transformation to assist Water's transformation, suppress the excessive Luck (Yun), support what cannot overcome, and prevent violent excess from causing disease. Eat black (Xuan) grains to preserve true Qi, avoid empty evil Qi to stabilize upright Qi. The year favors Bitter flavors to dry and Warm flavors to warm. Adjust according to the similarity and difference of Qi, and the quantity. The movement differs from Cold and Damp, favoring drying and damp-resolving methods. Upper transformation favors Bitter-Warm, Middle favors Sweet-Harmonizing, Lower favors Sweet-Warm. This is the suitability of medicine and food.
Before mid-year, Heavenly Qi governs, transforming as Taiyang Cold Water. If Cold invades excessively, Cold Qi reverses and arrives, water freezes, blood changes within, manifesting as carbuncles and ulcers. People suffer from Jue Heart Pain, vomiting blood, bloody stool, rhinorrhea, epistaxis, frequent sadness, and occasional dizziness and collapse. The Fire movement is blazing, violent rain brings hail. Chest and abdomen feel full, hands and feet are hot with spasms, axillary swelling, heart palpitations (dandan dadong), chest, hypochondrium, and epigastrium are uneasy, face is red, eyes yellow, frequent belching, throat dry. In severe cases, complexion is dark/black, thirst with desire to drink. The root of the disease is in the Heart. Diagnose via the pulse at Shenmen (HT7) on the hand. The method is to level with Pungent-Hot, assist with Sweet-Bitter, and drain with Salty.
After mid-year, Earthly Qi governs, transforming as Taiyin Damp Earth. If Dampness invades internally, dust obscures, valleys are dim, Yellow appears Black, at the junction of Extreme Yin. People suffer from fluid accumulation, heart pain, deafness, heavy-headedness, swollen throat, and sore throat obstruction. Yin diseases manifest with bleeding, lower abdominal pain and swelling, inability to urinate, rushing headache, eyes feeling like they will fall out, neck feeling like being pulled, waist feeling like breaking, thighs unable to turn, popliteal fossa feeling knotted, calves feeling separated. The treatment uses Bitter-Hot, assisted by Sour-Light, using Bitter to dry, and Light/Dan to drain.
The year's Fire movement is recorded as Hexi (Brilliant/Blazing), called Fanmao (Lush Growth). Yin Qi transforms internally, Yang Qi flourishes externally. Scorching heat implements transformation, allowing things to prosper. Its transformation is growth, its Qi is high, its administration is moving, its command is resonant. Its movement is scorching fire disturbing recklessly, its virtue is warm summer heat stifling, its change is blazing fire boiling. Its transformation combines with what it overcomes. Diseases include laughter, malaria, sores/ulcers, blood flow, madness, red eyes. Above, Taiyang (Water) appears; Water suppresses the Fire movement. This is called Shang Yu (Upper Feather/Water) and Zheng Zheng (Proper Fire) being the same. The harvest is uniform. The disease is [missing text], treatment should use Sweet to harmonize.
First Qi: From Da Han (Great Cold) day of Ding You year, Shen hour, to Chun Fen (Spring Equinox) day of this year, Wu hour. Total 60 days and 87.5 ke. Main Position is Shao Jiao Wood, Guest Qi is Shaoyang Fire, Central sees Fire movement. Qi and movement are the same. Earthly Qi migrates, climate becomes very warm, grass blooms early. People suffer epidemics, warm diseases arise. Body fever, headache, vomiting, skin/collateral sores. Regulate the Shaoyang guest with Salty to tonify, Sweet to drain, Salty to [text missing]. Year grain should be black, inter-grain beans, so Fire does not become evil. Do not violate the heat of the governing Qi.
Second Qi: From Chun Fen day, Wu zheng, to Xiao Man (Grain Full) day, Chen zheng. Total 60+ days. Main Position is Tai Zheng Fire, Guest Qi is Yangming Metal, Central sees Fire movement. Year movement is in position, Yangming guest attacks. Dry-Heat meet, great Coolness reverses. People feel miserable, grass encounters cold, Fire Qi is suppressed. People suffer from Qi stagnation and fullness, Cold begins. Regulate the Yangming guest with Sour to tonify, Pungent to drain, Bitter to vent. Year grain black, inter-grain millet (Shu), so Dryness does not become evil.
Third Qi: From Xiao Man day, Si chu, to Da Shu (Great Heat) day, Mao chu. Total 60+ days. Main Position is Tai Zheng Fire, Guest Qi is Taiyang Water, Central sees Fire movement. Fire is in its position, Heavenly Government distributes, Cold Qi moves. People suffer from Cold turning to Heat inside, carbuncles, dysentery, heart heat and confusion. Untreated leads to death. Treat the Taiyang guest with Bitter to tonify, Salty to drain, Bitter to firm, Pungent to moisten. Year grain black, inter-grain Ji (Millet), so Cold does not become evil.
Fourth Qi: From Da Shu day, Mao zheng, to Qiu Fen (Autumn Equinox) day, Chou zheng. Total 60+ days. Main Position is Shao Gong Earth, Guest Qi is Jueyin Wood, Central sees Fire movement. Wood and Earth punish each other, Wind-Damp compete. Wind transforms into Rain. Things grow, transform, and form. People suffer from great heat, shortness of breath, muscle atrophy, foot weakness, dysentery with red and white discharge. Regulate the Jueyin guest with Pungent to tonify, Sour to drain, Sweet to relax. Year grain [missing], inter-grain rice, so Wind does not become evil.
Fifth Qi: From Qiu Fen day, Yin chu, to Xiao Xue (Minor Snow) day, Zi chu. Total 60+ days. Main Position is Tai Shang Metal, Guest Qi is Shaoyin Fire, Central sees Fire movement. Qi and movement are the same, not governing Qi transformation. Season reaches here, Yang re-transforms. Grass grows, transforms, and forms. People feel comfortable. Regulate the Shaoyin guest with Salty to tonify, Sweet to drain, Sour to collect. Year grain [missing], inter-grain beans, so Heat does not become evil.
Sixth Qi (Final Qi): From Xiao Xue day, Zi zheng, to Da Han day, Xu zheng. Total 60+ days. Main Position is Shao Yu Water, Guest Qi is Taiyin Earth, Central sees Fire movement. Earthly Qi is correct, Damp command acts. Yin condenses in the Great Void, dust obscures suburbs. People feel miserable, cold wind arrives. Those who reverse [the pattern] conceive death. Regulate the Taiyin guest with Sweet to tonify, Bitter to drain, Sweet to relax. Year grain [missing], inter-grain sesame, so Dampness does not become evil. This is the transformation of the Six Qi.
Before mid-year, there are Winning Qi (Sheng Qi); after mid-year, there must be Repaying Qi (Fu Qi). If Water wins, Taiyin repays it. If Earth wins, Jueyin repays it. Treat each according to the method of winning and repaying.