病源目者脏腑之精华，肝之外候也，伤寒热毒壅滞，熏蒸于肝上攻于目，则令目赤肿痛
若毒瓦斯盛者眼生翳膜又肝开窍于目，肝气虚热，乘虚上冲于目，故目赤痛重者生疮翳白膜息
肉
肘后疗伤寒大病后，热毒攻目方。
煮蜂房以洗之，日六七度。（张文仲同）
又方
冷水渍青布以掩目。（张文仲同）
又疗热病后生翳方。
烧豉二七粒末，纳管中以吹之。（并出第二卷中文仲备急同）
短剧漏芦连翘汤，疗伤寒热毒，变作赤色痈疽丹疹肿毒，及眼赤痛生障翳，悉主之方兼
疗天行。
漏芦（二两） 连翘（二两） 黄芩（二两） 麻黄（二两去节） 白蔹（二两） 升
麻（二两
）甘草（二两炙） 大黄（三两切） 枳实（三两炙）
上九味切，以水九升，煮取三升，去滓，温分三服，相去二食顷更服，热盛者可加芒硝
二两。忌海藻菘菜等物。（千金同）
又秦皮汤，疗毒病冲眼忽生赤翳，或白，或肿肤起，或赤痛不得视光，痛入心肝或眼
外浮肿如吹汁出，生膜覆珠子方。
秦皮（二两） 前胡（二两） 常山（二两） 黄芩（二两） 升麻（二两） 芍药（二
两） 白
薇（二两） 枳实（二两炙） 大黄（三两） 甘草（二两炙）
上十味，以水八升，煮取三升，分三服，相去二食顷更服，若盛热者可加芒硝二两。忌
海藻菘菜生葱生菜。（出第六卷中一方加蕤仁一两栀子仁半两）
张文仲秦皮汤，主伤寒病热，毒瓦斯入眼，生赤脉赤膜白肤白翳者，及赤痛不得见光，
痛毒烦恼者神效方。
秦皮 升麻 黄连（各一两）
上三味切，以水洗去尘，用水四升，煮取二升半，冷之，分用三合，仰眼，以绵绕箸头
，取汤以滴眼中，如屋漏状，尽三合止，须臾复用，日五六遍乃佳。忌猪肉冷水。（出第二
卷中）
病因学认为，眼睛是脏腑精华的汇聚之处，也是肝脏功能外在表现的窗口。当伤寒病的热毒壅滞积聚，熏蒸向上攻冲至肝脏并进而影响眼睛时，就会导致眼睛红肿疼痛。
如果热毒之气旺盛，眼部会生出翳膜。此外，肝开窍于目，若肝气虚弱且伴有内热，热气乘虚上冲至眼部，因此眼睛红肿疼痛严重时会长出疮疡、翳障或白色薄膜及息肉。
《肘后备急方》中记载治疗大病后伤寒热毒攻眼的方剂：
用蜂房煮水清洗眼部，每日六到七次。（此法与张文仲的方法相同）
另一个方子：
用冷水浸泡青布敷盖在眼部。（此法与张文仲的方法相同）
又有一个治疗热病后生翳的方子：
将十四粒豆豉烧成粉末，装入管中吹入眼中。（均出自第二卷，与张文仲《备急方》相同）
《短剧方》中的漏芦连翘汤，用于治疗伤寒热毒，转变为赤色痈疽、丹疹、肿毒，以及眼睛红肿疼痛、长出障翳等症状，该方对这些病症均有主治作用，兼治天行（流行性传染病）。
药材及剂量：漏芦（二两）、连翘（二两）、黄芩（二两）、麻黄（二两，去节）、白蔹（二两）、升麻（二两）、甘草（二两，炙）、大黄（三两，切）、枳实（三两，炙）。
以上九味药切碎，用水九升，煎煮取三升药液，滤去药渣，分三次温服。两次服药间隔约两顿饭的时间再服一次。若热势极盛者，可加芒硝二两。忌食海藻、菘菜等食物。（此方与《千金方》相同）
又有秦皮汤，用于治疗毒邪冲击眼部突然生出赤色翳膜，或白色翳膜，或眼睑肿胀皮肤隆起，或眼睛红肿疼痛无法视物，疼痛感深入心肝，或眼外浮肿如流出汁液，有薄膜覆盖眼球的情况。
药材及剂量：秦皮（二两）、前胡（二两）、常山（二两）、黄芩（二两）、升麻（二两）、芍药（二两）、白薇（二两）、枳实（二两，炙）、大黄（三两）、甘草（二两，炙）。
以上十味药，用水八升，煎煮取三升药液，分三次服用。两次服药间隔约两顿饭的时间再服一次。若热势极盛者，可加芒硝二两。忌食海藻、菘菜、生葱、生菜。（出自第六卷，其中一方加蕤仁一两、栀子仁半两）
张文仲的秦皮汤，主治伤寒病热，毒气进入眼睛，生出赤色脉络、赤色膜、白色肤、白色翳膜的情况，以及眼睛红肿疼痛无法见光，疼痛剧烈且心烦意乱者，此方神效。
药材及剂量：秦皮、升麻、黄连（各一两）。
以上三味药切碎，用水洗净灰尘，用水四升，煎煮取二升半药液，待冷却后，每次取三合，仰头，用棉絮缠绕筷子头，蘸取药液滴入眼中，状如屋檐滴水般缓慢滴入，用完三合为止，片刻后可再次使用，每日五到六次效果更佳。忌食猪肉和冷水。（出自第二卷）
According to etiology, the eyes are the gathering place of the essence of the Zang-Fu organs and serve as the external manifestation of the Liver. When pathogenic heat-toxin from Shanghan (Cold Damage) stagnates and accumulates, steaming upward to attack the Liver and subsequently affecting the eyes, it causes redness, swelling, and pain in the eyes.
If the toxic qi is vigorous, membranes (pterygium/leukoma) may form on the eyes. Furthermore, since the Liver opens into the eyes, if Liver Qi is deficient with internal heat, the heat rushes upward through the deficiency to the eyes. Consequently, severe redness, swelling, and pain in the eyes can lead to the formation of sores, visual obstructions (cataracts/opacities), white membranes, or polyps.
The *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* records a prescription for treating eye attacks caused by heat-toxin after a major Shanghan illness:
Boil honeycomb (Apis nest) and wash the eyes with the decoction, six to seven times daily. (This method is identical to that of Zhang Wenzhong.)
Another prescription:
Soak a blue cloth in cold water and apply it over the eyes. (This method is identical to that of Zhang Wenzhong.)
Another prescription for treating opacity formation after febrile diseases:
Burn fourteen grains of fermented soybean (Douchi) into powder, place them in a tube, and blow the powder into the eyes. (Both sourced from Volume 2, identical to Zhang Wenzhong's *Beiji Fang*.)
The *Loulu Lianqiao Tang* (Decoction of Rhizoma Euphorbiae Humifusae and Forsythiae Fructus) from the *Duanju Fang* treats Shanghan heat-toxin transforming into red carbuncles, furuncles, erysipelas, rashes, swelling toxins, as well as red painful eyes with visual obstructions. It is indicated for all these conditions and also treats epidemic febrile diseases (Tianxing).
Ingredients and dosages: Loulu (Rhizoma Euphorbiae Humifusae, 2 liang), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus, 2 liang), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 2 liang), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 2 liang, nodes removed), Bailian (Ampelopsis Radix, 2 liang), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 2 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, prepared with honey), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 3 liang, sliced), Zhishi (Immaturus Citri Reticulatae Fructus, 3 liang, prepared with honey).
Chop the above nine ingredients. Decoct with nine sheng of water until three sheng remain. Strain the dregs. Take the decoction warm, divided into three doses. Administer another dose after an interval equivalent to two meals. If heat is extreme, add Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 2 liang). Avoid consuming Haizao (Sargassum) and Songcai (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis). (Identical to *Qianjin Fang*.)
There is also Qinpi Tang (Decoction of Fraxini Cortex), used when toxic pathogens rush to the eyes causing sudden appearance of red opacities, or white opacities, or swollen skin rising up, or red painful eyes unable to see light, with pain penetrating to the Heart and Liver, or external eye swelling resembling exudate flow, with membranes covering the eyeball.
Ingredients and dosages: Qinpi (Fraxini Cortex, 2 liang), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, 2 liang), Changshan (Radix Dichroae, 2 liang), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 2 liang), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 2 liang), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix, 2 liang), Baiwei (Cynanchi Atrati Radix, 2 liang), Zhishi (Immaturus Citri Reticulatae Fructus, 2 liang, prepared with honey), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 3 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, prepared with honey).
Decoct the above ten ingredients with eight sheng of water until three sheng remain. Divide into three doses. Administer another dose after an interval equivalent to two meals. If heat is extreme, add Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 2 liang). Avoid consuming Haizao (Sargassum), Songcai (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis), raw scallions, and raw vegetables. (From Volume 6; one variant adds Ruiren [Pruni Armeniacae Semen, 1 liang] and Zhizi Ren [Gardeniae Semen, 0.5 liang].)
Zhang Wenzhong’s Qinpi Tang primarily treats Shanghan heat where toxic qi enters the eyes, causing red vessels, red membranes, white skin lesions, and white opacities, as well as red painful eyes unable to perceive light, accompanied by intense pain and mental agitation. This formula is highly effective.
Ingredients and dosages: Qinpi (Fraxini Cortex), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (each 1 liang).
Chop the above three ingredients. Wash with water to remove dust. Decoct with four sheng of water until two and a half sheng remain. Allow to cool. Measure out three ge per dose. Tilt the head back. Wrap cotton around the tip of a chopstick, dip it into the decoction, and drip it into the eye slowly like water dripping from a roof eaves. Use up the entire three ge. Repeat after a short while. Apply five to six times daily for best results. Avoid pork and cold water. (From Volume 2.)