治阴证伤寒，腹痛吐利，唇青面黑，身背强，四肢冷，脉沉细，咽喉不利。
上用沧盐一斤炒焦大热，布绢二重作囊，包裹盛之，熨阴脐间，亦同葱熨法，尤妙。
治中寒气痞，脾胃不和，饮食进退，脐腹虚冷，及中酒吐逆，胸膈不利。
度，薄切，焙） 干生姜（二两，去皮） 白术 人参 陈皮（去白） 神曲（炒黄） 半
上为细末，用生姜自然汁煮，神曲糊为丸，如梧桐子大，每服五十丸，生姜汤下，不拘
时服。
治阴证伤寒，唇青面黑，身背强痛，四肢厥冷，及诸虚沉寒。
附子（炮） 官桂 当归 白术（各二钱半） 干姜（炮） 半夏曲（各二钱）
上作一服，水二盅，生姜五片，红枣二枚，煎至一盅，食前服。
夏三月，炎暑大行，山泽燔燎，林木流津，正由火热极甚，熏蒸于物，致之然也。在人
亦应之而多汗，由火气浮泄于表。时于此际，湿热隆盛，人多肢体困倦，精神短少，一或将
理失宜，轻则气虚身热，头重脚软，脾弱少食之证，所谓注夏病也。暑之为气，在天为热，
在地为火，在人脏为心，且暑之中人者，先着于心，伏为三焦肠胃之间。凡中之者，盖热伤
气而不伤形也，乃六淫中无形之火，大率以五行中有形之水制之，轻则前证所感，大同小异
，重则昏不知人，或吐或泻，或眩晕顽痹，丹溪以阴虚所致，甚则瞀闷懊恼而死，客气旺而
主气弱，为热伤元气。古人立法，夏月宜补者，补天真元气，非补热火也，以用人参五味子
麦门冬名生脉散，盖此药能益金水，以御火土之旺，又令人夏食寒以扶阴气，养其阳也。盖
谓阳亢于外，阴微于内，庚金受因于上，清肃之源竭于下也。丹溪又辨云∶世言夏月伏阴在
内，此阴字有虚之义。若作阴冷看，其误甚矣。或曰以手扪腹，明知其冷，而何曰人之腹属
地气，于此时浮于肌表，散于皮毛，腹中之阳虚矣。如子月一阳生，寅月三阳生，此气之升
也。巳月六阳生，阳尽出于地之上矣，此气之浮也，经曰∶夏者经满气溢，入孙络受血，皮
肤充实，长夏孙络皆盛，内溢肌中。又曰∶阳气在孙络，长夏气在肌肉，所以表实者里必虚
。又言春夏养阳，王太仆谓春食凉，夏食寒，所以养阳也，何以温热取其用，此理固然。且
如凉台水馆，当风取凉，寒泉水果之物所伤，或吐或泻，或腹疼自内及外，当用温剂，前哲
又谓升降浮沉则顺，寒热温凉则逆，夏月火令之时，不可妄投温燥之药，看其虚实，不为患
乎？或曰巳月纯阳，五日一阴生，六月二阴生，阴气即动，岂无阴冷，此阴之初动于地下。
四阳浮于上，燔灼梵炎，流金烁石，何冷之有？且洁古治中暑之药，有中暑伤暑之分。若人
或伤或中之意，但言避暑纳凉于深堂大厦，谓静而得之为中暑，其病必头疼恶寒，身形拘急
，肢节疼痛而烦心，肌肤大热无汗，为房室之阴寒所遏，使周身阳气不得伸越，为阴证，故
治以大顺散，以取辛甘发散之意，后人不察用温热之意，又辨伤暑之证。若人或农夫，于日
中劳役，谓动而得之，为伤暑，其病必头疼发躁热，扪之肌肤大满，大热大渴，引饮汗大出
，元气已动，乃为大热，外伤肺气，以人参白虎汤，为阳证，热伤元气，非形体受病也。夫
白虎治热伤风，谓元气不甚虚也，暑去气清则安矣。《脾胃论》中，长夏湿热，胃困尤甚。
又有暑风一证，因其夏月而病搐搦，故有此名，非风也，乃病暑热亢极，火盛金衰，术无以
制，正邪相拒，汗闭于外，痰郁于内，风势妄行，脾必受邪，故手足阳为动摇，内扰神舍，
志识不清而瞀闷，无所知矣，慎勿以风药治之。治以兼化，但清时令之火，则心经之热亦泄
，金清气行，则木邪有制，而风不作，开郁闷之疾，则神识气宁，当用黄连香薷饮加羌活，
且如有人在途路中伤暑者，汤药皆无，将人搀扶凉处，就将当道上热土包裹，熨脐腹之上下
，或布蘸汤熨之，冷即频易，待其苏省，用温米饮汤，徐徐灌之，便不可用刚燥之剂，可不
畏哉？
治疗阴证伤寒，出现腹痛、呕吐腹泻，嘴唇发青、面色发黑，身体背部僵硬，四肢冰冷，脉象沉细，咽喉部不适。
取沧盐一斤炒至焦黑且极热，用两层布绢做成袋子，包裹住盛放，熨烫在肚脐部位，这也类似于葱熨法，效果尤其好。
治疗中寒气痞（因寒邪导致的气机阻滞），脾胃功能不和，饮食时多时少，脐腹部虚冷，以及饮酒后呕吐逆气，胸膈部不适。
[原文此处有缺漏，推测为某药材]（薄切，焙干） 干生姜（二两，去皮） 白术 人参 陈皮（去白） 神曲（炒黄） 半夏曲 [原文此处有缺漏，推测为剂量或炮制说明]
以上药物研成细末，用生姜自然汁煮，神曲糊作为丸剂，大小如梧桐子，每次服用五十丸，用生姜汤送下，不拘泥于固定时间服用。
治疗阴证伤寒，嘴唇发青、面色发黑，身体背部强痛，四肢厥冷，以及各种虚损导致的沉寒之证。
附子（炮制） 官桂 当归 白术（各二钱半） 干姜（炮制） 半夏曲（各二钱）
以上为一服的量，加水两盅，生姜五片，红枣二枚，煎煮至一盅，饭前服用。
夏季的三个月，炎热酷暑盛行，山川沼泽如同燃烧，林木流出汁液，这正是火热之气极盛，熏蒸万物，导致如此景象。人体也顺应这种气候而多汗，这是因为火气浮散泄越于体表。此时湿热正盛，人们大多肢体困倦，精神不足，如果调理失当，轻则出现气虚身热、头重脚软、脾弱食欲不振的症状，这就是所谓的“注夏病”（季节性倦怠综合征）。暑气在天为热，在地为火，在人体内脏对应心，而且暑邪伤人，首先侵犯心脏，潜伏在三焦和肠胃之间。凡是中暑的人，大概是热伤气而不伤形体，这是六淫（风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火）中无形之火，大体上用五行中有形之水来制约它。轻则像前述症状，大同小异；重则昏迷不省人事，或者呕吐或者腹泻，或者眩晕顽痹。朱丹溪认为这是由于阴虚所致，严重时会出现昏闷懊恼而死，这是因为客气（外邪）旺盛而主气（正气）虚弱，属于热伤元气。古人立法，夏季适宜补益的是补益天真元气，而不是补益热火，所以用人参、五味子、麦门冬组成生脉散，这些药物能益金（肺）水（肾），以抵御火土之旺，又让人在夏天吃寒凉食物以扶持阴气，保养阳气。这是因为阳气亢盛于外，阴气微弱于内，庚金（肺）受困于上，清肃之源枯竭于下。朱丹溪又辨析说：世人说夏天伏阴在内，这个“阴”字有虚的含义。如果看作阴冷，那就大错特错了。有人说用手摸肚子，明明知道是冷的，为什么说人的腹部属地气，此时浮于肌表，散于皮毛，腹中的阳气虚了呢？就像十一月一阳生，三月三阳生，这是气的上升。四月六阳生，阳气全部出于地面之上，这是气的浮越。经书说：夏季经脉满盈，气溢入孙络受血，皮肤充实，长夏孙络皆盛，内溢肌肉之中。又说：阳气在孙络，长夏气在肌肉，所以表实者里必虚。又说春夏养阳，王太仆说春天吃凉，夏天吃寒，以此来养阳，为什么温热取其作用，这个道理固然成立。况且像凉台水馆，迎风取凉，寒泉水果之物所伤，或者呕吐或者腹泻，或者腹痛由内及外，应当使用温剂，前哲又说升降浮沉要顺其性，寒热温凉要逆其病，夏季火令之时，不可妄投温燥之药，要看其虚实，才不会成为祸患吗？有人说四月纯阳，五日一阴生，六月二阴生，阴气即动，难道没有阴冷吗？这阴气初动于地下。四阳浮于上，焚烧灼热，流金烁石，哪里冷呢？况且洁古（张元素）治疗中暑的药物，有中署和伤暑之分。如果人或伤或中的意思，只是说避暑纳凉于深堂大厦，谓静而得之为中暑，其病必定头疼恶寒，身形拘急，肢节疼痛而烦心，肌肤大热无汗，这是因为房室之阴寒所遏制，使周身阳气不得伸越，属于阴证，所以用大顺散治疗，取辛甘发散之意。后人不明用温热之意，又辨析伤暑之证。如果人是农夫，在烈日下劳役，谓动而得之，为伤暑，其病必定头疼发躁热，摸之肌肤大满，大热大渴，引饮汗大出，元气已动，乃为大热，外伤肺气，用人参白虎汤，属于阳证，热伤元气，不是形体受病。夫白虎汤治热伤风，谓元气不甚虚也，暑去气清则安矣。《脾胃论》中，长夏湿热，胃困尤甚。又有暑风一证，因为其在夏季发病抽搐，故有此名，并非风邪，而是病暑热亢极，火盛金衰，木无以制，正邪相拒，汗闭于外，痰郁于内，风势妄行，脾必受邪，故手足动摇，内扰神舍，志识不清而昏闷，无所知矣，千万不要用风药治疗。治疗兼化，只要清时令之火，则心经之热亦泄，金清气行，则木邪有制，而风不作，开郁闷之疾，则神识气宁，应当用黄连香薷饮加羌活。且如有人在路途中暑者，汤药皆无，将人搀扶到凉处，就用当道上热土包裹，熨烫脐腹上下，或用布蘸汤熨烫，冷了就频繁更换，待其苏醒，用温米饮汤，徐徐灌之，便不可用刚燥之剂，能不畏惧吗？
Treatment for Yin-pattern Cold Damage (Yin Zheng Shang Han), presenting with abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea, cyanotic lips, dark complexion, stiffness of the back, cold limbs, deep and fine pulse, and throat discomfort.
Take one jin of Cangyan Salt (Halite), stir-fry until charred and extremely hot, wrap in two layers of silk cloth to make a bag, contain it, and apply heat compression (ironing) to the umbilical region. This is similar to the Scallion Heat Compression method, which is particularly effective.
Treatment for Qi Stagnation due to Cold Pathogen invading the Middle Jiao, disharmony of the Spleen and Stomach, irregular appetite, deficiency-cold of the umbilical and abdominal regions, as well as vomiting and regurgitation after drinking alcohol, and chest and diaphragm discomfort.
[Text missing, likely an herb name] (thinly sliced, roasted/dried) Dried Ginger (Liang, peeled) Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, pith removed) Massa Fermentata Medicamentosa (Shenqu, stir-fried until yellow) Pinelliae Tuber Processum (Banxia Qu) [Text missing, likely dosage or processing instruction]
Grind all ingredients into a fine powder. Use fresh ginger juice to boil and Shenqu paste to bind into pills, sized like Sophora seeds. Take 50 pills per dose, washed down with Ginger Decoction. Take at any time without restriction.
Treatment for Yin-pattern Cold Damage, presenting with cyanotic lips, dark complexion, severe pain and stiffness of the back, cold limbs (Jue Leng), and various deficiency-induced deep-cold patterns.
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, processed) Cinnamomi Cortex (Guigui) Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui) Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) (each 2.5 qian) Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, processed) Pinelliae Tuber Processum (Banxia Qu) (each 2 qian)
Combine as one dose. Add two zhong of water, five slices of fresh ginger, and two red dates. Decoct until one zhong remains. Take before meals.
During the three months of summer, intense heat prevails. Mountains and marshes seem to burn, and tree sap flows. This is precisely because the Fire-Heat pathogen is at its peak, steaming and affecting all things. The human body responds by sweating profusely, as the Fire-Qi floats and dissipates on the exterior. At this time, Damp-Heat is abundant. People often experience limb fatigue and low spirit. If management is improper, mild cases present with Qi-deficiency fever, heavy head, weak legs, and poor appetite due to Spleen weakness; this is known as "Zhu Xia Bing" (Summer Malaise/Seasonal Fatigue). The Qi of Summer Heat is Heat in Heaven, Fire on Earth, and corresponds to the Heart in the internal organs. When Summer Heat invades, it first affects the Heart and lingers between the San Jiao and Intestines. Generally, Summer Heat damages Qi but not the Form. It is the formless Fire among the Six Excesses (Liu Yin). Roughly, it is controlled by the Formless Water in the Five Elements. Mild cases resemble the aforementioned symptoms, largely similar with minor differences. Severe cases result in unconsciousness, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, or numbness/paralysis. Zhu Danxi attributed this to Yin Deficiency. In extreme cases, it leads to severe oppression and restlessness, even death, because the Guest Qi (pathogen) is strong while the Host Qi (righteous Qi) is weak, constituting Heat damaging Yuan Qi. Ancient principles state that tonification in summer should replenish innate Yuan Qi, not tonify Fire-Heat. Therefore, Renmai San (Pulse-Generating Powder) composed of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi), and Ophiopogonis Radix (Maimendong) is used. These herbs benefit Metal (Lung) and Water (Kidney) to resist the exuberance of Fire and Earth. Additionally, eating cold foods in summer supports Yin Qi and nourishes Yang. This is because Yang is hyperactive on the exterior, while Yin is deficient internally. Geng Metal (Lung) is constrained above, and the source of clear descending is exhausted below. Danxi further clarified: The saying "latent Yin inside during summer" implies that "Yin" here means deficiency. Interpreting it as coldness is a grave error. Some argue: "Touching the abdomen reveals it is cold, so why say the abdomen belongs to Earth Qi, which floats to the muscle surface and disperses in the skin/hair, leaving abdominal Yang deficient?" Consider that in the 11th lunar month, one Yang is born; in the 3rd month, three Yangs are born; this is the rising of Qi. In the 4th month, six Yangs are born; Yang has fully emerged above the ground; this is the floating of Qi. The Classics state: "In summer, meridians are full, Qi overflows into Sun collaterals to receive blood, making the skin firm." In late summer, Sun collaterals are vigorous, overflowing into muscles. It also states: "Yang Qi is in Sun collaterals; Qi in late summer is in muscles. Thus, if the exterior is solid, the interior must be deficient." It also says "Nourish Yang in Spring and Summer." Wang Taipu stated: "Eat cool in spring, cold in summer, to nourish Yang." Why use warmth and heat for their function? This logic holds. However, staying in cool pavilions, seeking wind for cooling, or consuming cold spring water and fruits can cause injury, leading to vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain spreading from inside out. In such cases, warm agents should be used. Ancients said: Ascending, descending, floating, and sinking should follow nature; cold, heat, warm, and cool should oppose the disease. During the Fire command of summer, one should not recklessly administer warm-drying drugs. One must assess deficiency and excess to avoid disaster. Some ask: "April is pure Yang; one Yin is born every five days; in June, two Yins are born. Yin Qi moves. Is there no cold?" This initial Yin moves from underground. Four Yangs float above, burning fiercely, melting metal and stone. Where is the cold? Furthermore, Zhang Jiegu distinguished between Zhong Shu (Heat Stroke) and Shang Shu (Summer Heat Injury). "Zhong Shu" refers to those who seek coolness in deep halls and large buildings. Obtained through stillness, it is called Zhong Shu. Symptoms include headache, aversion to cold, stiff posture, joint pain, irritability, high fever without sweat. This is caused by the inhibition of Yang Qi by the Yin-Cold of rooms, constituting a Yin pattern. It is treated with Dashun San (Great Harmony Powder) to induce acrid-sweet dispersion. Later generations misunderstood the use of warm-hot methods and differentiated Shang Shu. "Shang Shu" refers to farmers laboring under the sun. Obtained through movement, it is called Shang Shu. Symptoms include headache, agitation, fever, fullness of skin, high fever, extreme thirst, excessive sweating. Yuan Qi is already disturbed, representing great Heat. It externally injures Lung Qi. It is treated with Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction), constituting a Yang pattern. Heat damages Yuan Qi, not the physical form. Baihu Tang treats Heat injuring Wind, assuming Yuan Qi is not severely deficient. Once the heat passes and Qi clears, peace returns. In *Pi Wei Lun* (Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach), Damp-Heat in late summer causes significant stomach distress. There is also a condition called "Shu Feng" (Summer Wind). Because it presents with convulsions in summer, it bears this name, but it is not Wind. It is caused by extreme Summer Heat, where Fire is excessive and Metal is deficient, allowing Wood to act unrestrained. Righteous and pathogenic Qi clash, sweat is closed on the exterior, phlegm stagnates internally, Wind acts wildly, and the Spleen is definitely affected. Thus, hands and feet tremble, disturbing the Spirit House, causing unclear consciousness, oppression, and ignorance. Do not treat with Wind-expelling drugs. Treatment involves simultaneous transformation: clearing seasonal Fire will drain Heart Heat. When Metal is clear and Qi moves, Wood pathogens are controlled, and Wind does not arise. Opening depression calms the Spirit and Qi. Use Huanglian Xiangru Yin (Coptis and Elsholtzia Decoction) plus Qianghuo. For example, if someone suffers Summer Heat on the road with no medicine available, help them to a cool place. Wrap hot earth from the roadside and apply heat compression to the upper and lower abdomen. Alternatively, dip cloth in hot water and compress. Replace frequently when cold. Wait for recovery, then slowly administer warm rice drink. Do not use harsh drying agents. Can one not fear this?