蒺藜不以多少,炒至赤黑色。臼内外木棒舂去刺,拣,簸净。每蒺藜三两,以酸枣仁一
两炒令香,同杵为粗末,马尾罗筛。每三钱,水一盏,煎至七分,去滓温服,下前丸子药
主脏器不调,大便难。通荣卫、利九窍、进饮食方。
大黄(斗米下蒸,切,焙) 枳壳(去穣,麸炒) 白芍药 葶苈(炒香,别研) 牛
脂(去筋膜,熬成油,与葶苈、杏仁杵) 肉苁蓉(酒浸软,温水洗,切,焙,各一两) 桃
仁(百枚) 杏仁(四十枚,并去皮尖,麸炒黄,别杵)
上除有油药,并为末,炼蜜丸。入牛脂、桃杏仁、葶苈,杵数千下,丸如梧桐子大。
米饮下三丸,日三服。腹稍空时服,未知稍增,以知为度。
安康郡大苦风秘,余为处只可二仁丸。
杏仁(去皮尖,麸炒黄) 麻仁(别研) 枳壳(去穣,麸炒赤) 诃子(慢火炒,捶
去核)
上二物各一两为细末,同二仁杵,炼蜜和杵,丸如梧桐子大。温水下二、三十丸。未知
稍增。
潞公在北门,日盛夏间苦大腹不调。公随行医官李琬,本衢州市户,公不独终始涵容之
,又教以医事。公病泄利,琬以言动摇之,又求速效。即以赤石脂、龙骨、干姜等药馈公,
公服之,不大便者累日,其势甚苦。余方自共城来见公。未坐定,语及此事,公又不喜服大
黄药。余告曰∶此燥粪在直肠,药所不及,请以蜜兑导之,公为然。时七月中苦热,余 汗
为公作蜜兑,是夕三用药,下结粪四、五十枚,大如胡桃,色黑如橡栗。公二、三日间,饮
食已如故。世有一种虚人,不可服利药,今载其法。
蜜兑法 好蜜四、五两,银石器内慢火熬,不住手以匙搅,候可丸;见风硬即以蛤粉涂
手,掐作人指状,长三寸许,坐厕上纳之,以手掩定,候大便通即放手。未快再作。(以上
四方,出初虞世)
蒺藜(Tribulus Terrestris)不限用量,炒至赤黑色。在臼内外用木棒舂打以去除刺,拣选干净,簸去杂质。每取蒺藜三两,与酸枣仁一两同炒至香气溢出,一同捣成粗末,用马尾筛罗过。每次取三钱,加水一盏,煎至七分,去渣温服,随后服用前文提到的丸药。
主治脏腑功能不调,大便困难。此方具有调和营卫、疏通九窍、增进饮食的功效。
大黄(用斗米蒸制,切片,焙干) 枳壳(去掉瓤,麸皮炒) 白芍药 葶苈子(炒香,单独研细) 牛脂(去掉筋膜,熬成油,与葶苈子、杏仁一起捣碎) 肉苁蓉(酒浸软后,温水洗净,切片,焙干,各一两) 桃仁(一百枚) 杏仁(四十枚,均去皮尖,麸皮炒黄,单独捣碎)
以上药物除去含有油脂的药物外,其余都制成粉末。将炼蜜加入其中,再放入牛脂、桃仁、杏仁、葶苈子,捣数千下,制成如梧桐子大小的丸药。用米汤送服三丸,每日三次。在腹部稍空时服用,若未见效则逐渐增加剂量,以见效为限度。
安康郡有一位患严重风秘(因风邪导致的便秘)之苦的人,我给他开的处方只有二仁丸。
杏仁(去皮尖,麸皮炒黄) 火麻仁(单独研细) 枳壳(去掉瓤,麸皮炒至赤色) 诃子(慢火炒,捶碎去核)
以上两味药各取一两制成细末,与两种仁类药材一起捣碎,用炼蜜调和并捣匀,制成如梧桐子大小的丸药。温水送服二三十丸。若未见效则逐渐增加剂量。
潞国公在北门任职期间,正值盛夏,苦于腹部严重不调。他的随行医官李琬,本是衢州市民,潞公不仅始终包容他,还教他医术。潞公患病腹泻,李琬言语动摇其信心,又追求速效。于是就用赤石脂、龙骨、干姜等药物进献给潞公,潞公服用后,连续几天不大便,形势非常痛苦。我当时刚从共城来见潞公。还没坐定,谈及此事,潞公也不喜欢服用大黄类药物。我告诉他说:“这是燥屎积存在直肠,药物难以到达,请用蜂蜜灌肠导引的方法。”潞公认为对。当时七月酷暑,我流着汗为潞公制作蜂蜜栓剂,当晚用了三次药,排出结硬的粪便四五十枚,大如胡桃,颜色黑得像橡栗。过了两三天,潞公的饮食已恢复正常。世间有一种虚损体质的人,不可服用泻下药,现记载这种方法。
蜂蜜栓剂法:取好蜂蜜四到五两,在银器或石器中用慢火熬煮,不停地用勺子搅拌,直到可以捏成丸状;若遇风变硬,就用蛤粉涂手,掐成人指形状,长约三寸左右,坐在马桶上纳入肛门,用手按住固定,待大便通畅即放手。若未排净可再做。(以上四方,出自初虞世)
Tribulus terrestris (Jili) is not limited in quantity; it is stir-fried until red-black. It is pounded inside and outside a mortar with a wooden pestle to remove the spines, picked clean, and winnowed. For every three taels of Tribulus terrestris, one tael of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (Suanzaoren) is stir-fried until fragrant, then both are pounded together into a coarse powder and sifted through a horse-hair sieve. Take three qian each time, add one cup of water, decoct until reduced to seven-tenths, strain, and take warm. Follow this by taking the previously mentioned pill medicine.
It mainly treats dysfunction of the zang-fu organs and difficult defecation. This formula regulates Ying and Wei (nutritive and defensive qi), unblocks the nine orifices, and promotes appetite.
Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang) is steamed with a dou of rice, sliced, and dried. Aurantii Fructus (Zhike) has its pith removed and is bran-fried. Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao). Lepidii Semen (Tinglizi) is stir-fried until fragrant and separately ground. Bovis Medulla (Niuzhi) has tendons and fascia removed, is rendered into oil, and pounded with Tinglizi and Pruni Semen (Xingren). Cistanches Herba (Roucongrong) is soaked in wine until soft, washed with warm water, sliced, and dried (each one tael). Persicae Semen (Taoren) consists of one hundred seeds. Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren) consists of forty seeds, all with skins and tips removed, bran-fried until yellow, and separately pounded.
Except for the oily medicines, all others are made into powder. Add refined honey, then incorporate Niuzhi, Taoren, Xingren, and Tinglizi, pounding for thousands of strokes, and form pills the size of sophora seeds. Take three pills with rice water, three times a day. Take when the abdomen is slightly empty. If ineffective, gradually increase the dose until effective.
A person in Ankang Commandery suffered from severe wind-constipation. I prescribed only Er Ren Wan (Two Kernel Pill) for him.
Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren) has skins and tips removed and is bran-fried until yellow. Cannabis Fructus (Haren) is separately ground. Aurantii Fructus (Zhike) has its pith removed and is bran-fried until red. Chebulae Fructus (Hezi) is slow-fire fried, crushed, and de-seeded.
Each of the above two herbs is taken in one tael amount, made into fine powder, pounded together with the two kernels, mixed with refined honey, pounded evenly, and formed into pills the size of sophora seeds. Take twenty to thirty pills with warm water. Increase the dose slightly if ineffective.
When Duke Lu was stationed at Beimen, during midsummer, he suffered severely from abdominal dysfunction. His attending physician, Li Wan, originally from Quzhou city, was tolerated by the Duke throughout his service and even taught medical skills. When the Duke suffered from diarrhea, Li Wan unsettled him with words and sought quick results. He presented the Duke with drugs such as Halloysit Rubrum (Chishizhi), Longgu (Fossilized Bones), and Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang). After taking them, the Duke had no bowel movement for several days, suffering greatly. I had just arrived from Gongcheng to see the Duke. Before sitting down, we discussed this matter; the Duke also disliked taking Dahuang-based medicines. I told him: "This is dry fecal impaction in the rectum, inaccessible to oral medication. Please allow me to use honey enema for guidance." The Duke agreed. It was mid-July, extremely hot. I sweated while preparing the honey suppository for the Duke. That evening, after three applications, he passed forty to fifty hard fecal pellets, as large as walnuts, black like acorns. Within two or three days, the Duke's diet returned to normal. There are some deficient patients in the world who cannot tolerate purgatives. Here is the method recorded.
Honey Suppository Method: Take four to five taels of good honey, slowly boil in a silver or earthenware vessel, stirring constantly with a spoon until it can be molded. If it hardens upon exposure to air, coat hands with clam powder, pinch into finger-like shapes about three inches long, sit on the toilet, insert into the anus, hold firmly with hand, and release once defecation occurs. Make another if not fully relieved. (The above four formulas are from Chu Yushi.)