仲阳云∶盗汗出者、乃睡而自汗出,肌肉虚也。团参汤治小儿盗汗、虚汗,或心血液盛,亦发为汗,此药收敛心气。
汤氏云∶汗者血也,血虚亦能自汗作热,宜服团参汤、牡蛎散、龙胆汤,治小儿一切盗汗,又有通神丸、治通身多汗。
小儿精气未盛,体性多热,若衣裘伤浓,过食热物,或犯时气大病之后,重亡津液,阳气偏盛,水不胜火,腑脏积热,
熏灼肌体,甚则销烁骨髓,是为骨热之病,久而不已,变成骨蒸,日晚发热肌瘦,颊赤口干,日夜潮热,夜有盗汗,五
心烦热,四肢困倦,饮食减少。瘥后余毒不解,生犀散主之。
团参汤 治小儿虚汗盗汗,或心血液盛,亦发为汗,此药收敛心气。
新罗人参 川当归(各五钱)
上锉散,用猪心一个,切三片,每服二钱,猪心一片,水一盏,煎六分,食前两次服。
扑汗方 治表虚自汗。
黄连 牡蛎粉 贝母(各半两) 米粉(一升)
上末、敷于身上。
牡蛎散 治血虚自汗,或病后暴虚,津液不固自汗。
牡蛎( 、二两) 黄 生干地黄(各一两)
上锉散,每服二钱,水半盏,煎五分去滓,不拘时服。或为末。米汤下,或加小麦煎。
龙胆汤 见第三问千金龙胆汤。
通神丸 治小儿白日精神欢悦,至夜卧通身多汗。
龙胆草(一味不拘多少)
上为末,米醋煮糊丸,如椒目大,每服五、七丸,用饭饮下。一方加防风等分,水煮糊丸。
生犀散 见第五十七问犀角饮。
鲁仲阳说:盗汗是指在睡眠中自然出汗,这是由于肌肉虚弱所致。团参汤用于治疗小儿盗汗、虚汗,或者因心血液盛而引发的汗出,此药具有收敛心气的作用。
汤氏说:汗是由血化生的,血虚也能导致自汗并伴有发热,适宜服用团参汤、牡蛎散、龙胆汤,这些方剂可治疗小儿各种盗汗;另外还有通神丸,用于治疗全身多汗。
小儿精气尚未充盈,体质偏热,如果穿衣过厚过热,或过量食用热性食物,或在感受时行疫病大病之后,再次耗伤津液,导致阳气偏盛,阴水不能制约阳火,脏腑积热,熏灼肌体,严重时甚至销烁骨髓,这被称为骨热病。若久治不愈,便演变为骨蒸(一种以午后或夜间低热、消瘦为特征的慢性消耗性疾病),表现为傍晚发热、身体消瘦、两颊潮红、口干、日夜潮热、夜间盗汗、五心烦热(手心、脚心及心胸烦热)、四肢困倦、饮食减少。大病初愈后余毒未清者,用生犀散主治。
团参汤:治疗小儿虚汗、盗汗,或因心血液盛引发的汗出,此药能收敛心气。
药材:新罗人参、川当归(各五钱)。
制法与用法:将药材切碎成散剂,取一个猪心,切成三片。每次服用二钱药散配一片猪心,加水一盏,煎至六分,在饭前分两次服用。
扑汗方:治疗表虚导致的自汗。
药材:黄连、牡蛎粉、贝母(各半两)、米粉(一升)。
制法与用法:将上述药物研为细末,敷于身上。
牡蛎散:治疗血虚自汗,或病后突然虚弱,津液不固导致的自汗。
药材:牡蛎(煅,二两)、黄芪(原文缺字,据方义补为黄耆/黄芪)、生干地黄(各一两)。
制法与用法:将药材切碎成散剂,每次服用二钱,加水半盏,煎至五分,去渣滓,不拘时候服用。也可以研为细末,用米汤送服,或者加入小麦一起煎煮。
通神丸:治疗小儿白天精神欢悦,到了晚上睡觉时全身大量出汗。
药材:龙胆草(一味,数量不限)。
制法与用法:将龙胆草研为细末,用米醋煮糊作为粘合剂制成丸药,大小如花椒籽,每次服用五到七丸,用米饮送下。另一配方加入防风等量,用水煮糊丸。
Lu Zhongyang stated: Dao Han (night sweating) refers to spontaneous sweating during sleep, which is caused by the deficiency of muscles. Tuanshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) is used to treat night sweating and deficiency sweating in children, or sweating induced by an excess of blood in the Heart; this formula has the effect of astringing Heart Qi.
Ms. Tang stated: Sweat is derived from Blood; Blood deficiency can also lead to spontaneous sweating accompanied by fever. It is appropriate to administer Tuanshen Tang, Muli San (Oyster Shell Powder), or Longdan Tang (Gentian Decoction) to treat all types of night sweating in children. Additionally, Tongshen Wan (Spirit-Connecting Pill) is used to treat generalized excessive sweating.
Children's Essence and Qi are not yet fully developed, and their constitution tends to be hot. If they wear clothing that is too thick or warm, overconsume hot-natured foods, or suffer from a relapse of fluid loss after contracting epidemic diseases or major illnesses, Yang Qi may become hyperactive. Yin Water fails to control Yang Fire, leading to heat accumulation in the Fu and Zang organs. This heat steams and scorches the body tissues; in severe cases, it may consume and melt the bone marrow, a condition known as Gu Re (Bone Heat Disease). If left untreated for a long time, it evolves into Gu Zheng (Bone Steaming), characterized by evening fever, emaciation, malar flush, dry mouth, tidal fever day and night, night sweating, Five Palms Heat (heat sensation in the palms, soles, and chest), limb fatigue, and reduced appetite. For residual pathogens remaining after recovery from illness, Shengxi San (Fresh Rhinoceros Horn Powder) is the primary treatment.
Tuanshen Tang: Treats deficiency sweating and night sweating in children, or sweating induced by excess Heart Blood; this formula astringes Heart Qi.
Herbs: Xinluo Renshen (Korean Ginseng), Chuan Danggui (Sichuan Angelica Root) (each 5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: The herbs are crushed into a powder. Take one pig heart, sliced into three pieces. For each dose, take 2 qian of the powder with one slice of pig heart, add one zhan of water, decoct until six-tenths remains, and take twice before meals.
Puhan Fang (Sweat-Beating Formula): Treats spontaneous sweating due to Exterior Deficiency.
Herbs: Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Muli Fen (Oyster Shell Powder), Beimu (Fritillaria Bulb) (each half liang), Rice Flour (1 sheng).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a fine powder and apply topically to the body.
Muli San (Oyster Shell Powder): Treats spontaneous sweating due to Blood deficiency, or sudden weakness after illness where Jin Ye (Body Fluids) fail to consolidate, causing spontaneous sweating.
Herbs: Muli (Calcined Oyster Shell, 2 liang), Huangqi (Astragalus Root - inferred from context "Huang"), Sheng Gan Dihuang (Raw Dried Rehmannia Root) (each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Crush the herbs into a powder. Take 2 qian per dose, add half a zhan of water, decoct until five-tenths remains, strain, and take at any time. Alternatively, grind into powder and take with rice soup, or decoct with wheat.
Longdan Tang: See Qianjin Longdan Tang (Thousand Gold Gentian Decoction) in Question 3.
Tongshen Wan (Spirit-Connecting Pill): Treats children who are cheerful and energetic during the day but sweat profusely all over the body when sleeping at night.
Herbs: Longdan Cao (Gentiana Root) (single herb, quantity unrestricted).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the Longdan Cao into powder, use rice vinegar to cook a paste for binding, form pills the size of pepper seeds. Take 5 to 7 pills per dose, swallowed with rice drink. Another prescription adds Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root) in equal proportion, using water to make the pill paste.
Shengxi San: See Xijiao Yin (Rhinoceros Horn Decoction) in Question 57.