巢氏曰∶足少阴为肾之经，其气下通于阴，小儿有少阴之经虚、而受风邪者，邪气冲于阴、与血气相抟结，则阴肿
也。然儿有大小壮弱、起止中节可也。苟肾经气虚，或坐石不起，冷气凝之，或近地经久，风邪湿气伤之，不为阴肿者
几希矣。间有啼叫怒气，闭系于下，结聚不散，加以水窦不行，亦能发为此疾，治法桃仁丸。如小儿外肾肿大，茎物通
明，牡蛎粉研极细，鸡子清调敷为佳。又有疝气名偏坠，急宜下药，小儿生下亦有如此者，不疼不痛，此皆不须攻击，
不治而自愈，若肿痛甚急，当服药，宜五苓散、青木香丸、汤氏化生丸并疏气药，济生方牡丹皮、防风为末，酒调服极
效，五苓散加防风、牡丹皮亦效。此症有热甚者，三黄丸治之。
桃仁丸 治肾经气虚，或坐石不起，冷气凝之，或近地经久，风邪湿气伤之，而成阴肿。间有啼叫怒气、闭系
于下，结聚不散，加以水窦不行，亦能发此疾。
桃仁（去皮尖、微炒） 辣桂 黑牵牛 白蒺藜（炒香、去刺） 牡丹皮 大黄（各二钱）
上为末，炼蜜丸麻子大，每服五丸，或七丸，青皮、木通、葱白入盐少许，煎汤灌下。或煎大流气饮、研青木香灌
下亦可。
五苓散 见第五十二问。
青木香丸 宽中快膈，治胁腹痛，心下坚痞，肠中水声，及阴肿等症。
黑牵牛（炒、一两半） 木香 补骨脂（炒） 荜澄茄 槟榔（各四钱）
上先将粟米饭包槟榔，仍用湿纸包裹煨焦，去饭用槟榔，同煎药为末，滴水丸绿豆大，每服二十丸，白汤送下。
汤氏化生丸 治疝气、心腹痛，上引腰脊，饮食不节，面色痿黄，身不能直，百药俱试，经涉年岁，已在膏肓，
宜服此药，灸脊 三壮痊。
木香（一两） 三棱（煨） 莪术（湿纸裹、煨） 槟榔（生） 青皮（巴豆炒、去巴豆） 陈皮（炒） 川楝子
（去核） 芫花（各半两、米醋浸炒）
上为细末，面糊丸如黍米大，熟水下，日进三服。
牡丹皮散 治小儿 卵偏坠。
防风（去芦） 牡丹皮（去骨、等分）
上为末，每服二钱，温酒调服，如不饮酒，盐汤点服亦可。加入五苓散、木通汤下尤妙。
三黄丸 治三焦积热。上焦有热、攻冲眼目赤肿，头项肿痛，口舌生疮。中焦有热、心膈烦躁，不美饮食。下
焦有热、小便赤涩，大便秘结。五脏俱热、即生背疮疖毒。及治五般痔疾，粪门肿痛，或下鲜血，治疝气效。
黄连（去芦） 黄芩（去芦） 大黄（煨、各十两）
上为末，炼蜜丸桐子大，每三十丸，滚汤下。如脏腑壅实，加服丸数，小儿积热可服。
巢元方说：足少阴经是肾的经脉，其气向下通达于阴部。小儿如果足少阴经气虚，又受到风邪侵袭，邪气冲犯阴部，与血气相互搏结，就会导致阴肿。然而，小儿有大小、强壮或虚弱之分，只要起居有节制即可。如果肾经气虚，或者久坐石上不起，寒气凝结；或者长时间靠近地面，风邪湿气伤害身体，如果不发生阴肿的情况，是很少见的。偶尔也有因啼哭叫喊、愤怒生气，导致气机闭阻在下焦，结聚不散，再加上水道不通利，也能引发这种病证，治疗方法用桃仁丸。如果小儿外生殖器肿大，阴茎透明光亮，可用牡蛎粉研成极细末，用鸡蛋清调和后敷贴，效果最佳。又有疝气名为“偏坠”，应当及时服用下气药物。小儿出生时就有这种情况的，不痛不痒，这些都不需要攻伐治疗，不治也能自愈。如果肿痛非常急重，应当服药，宜用五苓散、青木香丸、汤氏化生丸以及疏理气机的药物。《济生方》中记载将牡丹皮、防风研为末，用酒调服，效果极佳；在五苓散中加入防风、牡丹皮也有效。此症如果热象严重的，用三黄丸治疗。
桃仁丸：治疗肾经气虚，或者久坐石上不起，寒气凝结；或者长时间靠近地面，风邪湿气伤害身体，从而形成阴肿。偶尔也有因啼哭叫喊、愤怒生气，导致气机闭阻在下焦，结聚不散，再加上水道不通利，也能引发这种病证。
药材：桃仁（去皮尖，微炒）、辣桂、黑牵牛、白蒺藜（炒香，去刺）、牡丹皮、大黄（各二钱）。
制法用法：以上药物研为细末，用炼蜜制成如麻子大小的丸剂。每次服用五丸或七丸，用青皮、木通、葱白加入少许盐，煎汤送服。或者煎大流气饮，研磨青木香灌服也可以。
五苓散：见第五十二问。
青木香丸：宽畅胸膈，治疗胁腹疼痛，心下部坚硬痞块，肠中水声，以及阴肿等症。
药材：黑牵牛（炒，一两半）、木香、补骨脂（炒）、荜澄茄、槟榔（各四钱）。
制法用法：先将粟米饭包裹槟榔，再用湿纸包裹煨至焦黑，去掉饭粒只用槟榔，与其他煎煮过的药物一起研为细末，滴水泛丸如绿豆大小。每次服用二十丸，白开水送服。
汤氏化生丸：治疗疝气、心腹疼痛，疼痛向上牵引腰脊，饮食不规律，面色萎黄，身体不能直立，各种药物都尝试过，经过多年，病情已深重，适宜服用此药，并灸背部穴位三壮可痊愈。
药材：木香（一两）、三棱（煨）、莪术（湿纸包裹，煨）、槟榔（生用）、青皮（用巴豆炒，去巴豆）、陈皮（炒）、川楝子（去核）、芫花（各半两，米醋浸炒）。
制法用法：以上药物研为细末，用面糊制成如黍米大小的丸剂，熟水送服，每日进服三次。
牡丹皮散：治疗小儿睾丸偏坠。
药材：防风（去芦头）、牡丹皮（去骨，等分）。
制法用法：以上药物研为细末，每次服用二钱，温酒调服。如果不饮酒，用盐汤点服也可以。加入五苓散，用木通汤送下尤其妙。
三黄丸：治疗三焦积热。上焦有热，攻冲眼目赤肿，头项肿痛，口舌生疮。中焦有热，心膈烦躁，食欲不振。下焦有热，小便赤涩，大便秘结。五脏俱热，就会生背疮疖毒。以及治疗五种痔疮疾病，肛门肿痛，或者便下鲜血，治疗疝气也有效。
药材：黄连（去芦头）、黄芩（去芦头）、大黄（煨，各十两）。
制法用法：以上药物研为细末，用炼蜜制成如梧桐子大小的丸剂。每次三十丸，滚开水送服。如果脏腑壅实，可增加丸数，小儿积热可以服用。
Chao Yuanfang stated: The Foot-Shaoyin meridian is the channel of the Kidney, and its Qi extends downward to the genitalia. If a child has deficiency of Qi in the Foot-Shaoyin meridian and is invaded by Wind pathogen, the pathogenic Qi rushes to the genitals and struggles with Blood and Qi, resulting in swelling of the scrotum (Yin swelling). However, children vary in size, strength, or weakness; as long as their activities are moderate, they will be fine. If the Kidney meridian Qi is deficient, or if one sits on stone for too long causing Cold Qi to coagulate, or stays close to the ground for an extended period allowing Wind-Cold-Dampness to damage the body, it would be rare not to develop Yin swelling. Occasionally, crying, shouting, or anger causes Qi stagnation in the lower Jiao, leading to accumulation that does not disperse. Combined with impaired water metabolism, this can also trigger this condition. The treatment method involves Tao Ren Wan (Peach Kernel Pill). If a child's external genitalia are swollen and the penis appears transparent and bright, Oyster Shell Powder (Muli Fen) ground into an extremely fine powder, mixed with egg white and applied topically, is excellent. There is also a condition called Hernia Qi (Shan Qi), specifically "pendulous testicle" (Pian zhui), which requires prompt administration of Qi-regulating purgatives. Some infants are born with this condition; if there is no pain or discomfort, no aggressive treatment is needed, and it will resolve spontaneously. If swelling and pain are severe and urgent, medication should be taken. Suitable formulas include Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Poria Pill), Qing Mu Xiang Wan (Green Costus Root Pill), Tang Shi Hua Sheng Wan (Master Tang's Life-Transforming Pill), and other Qi-dispersing agents. According to *Ji Sheng Fang*, grinding Radix Paeoniae Rubra (Mudan Pi) and Radix Saposhnikoviae (Fang Feng) into powder and taking it with wine is highly effective; adding Radix Saposhnikoviae and Radix Paeoniae Rubra to Wu Ling San is also effective. For cases with severe heat, San Huang Wan (Three-Yellow Pill) is used.
Tao Ren Wan (Peach Kernel Pill): Treats Yin swelling caused by Kidney meridian Qi deficiency, prolonged sitting on cold stones causing Cold Qi coagulation, or exposure to Wind-Cold-Dampness from staying near the ground. It also treats cases where crying, shouting, or anger causes Qi stagnation in the lower Jiao, leading to accumulation and impaired water metabolism.
Ingredients: Tao Ren (Peach Seed, peeled and tip removed, slightly stir-fried), La Gui (Cinnamon Twig), Hei Qian Niu (Black Morning Glory Seed), Bai Ji Li (Tribulus Fruit, stir-fried until fragrant, thorns removed), Radix Paeoniae Rubra (Mudan Pi), Da Huang (Rhubarb Rhizome) (each 2 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind all ingredients into fine powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of hemp seeds. Take 5–7 pills per dose, administered with a decoction made from Qing Pi (Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium), Mu Tong (Akebia Caulis), Cong Bai (Scallion White), and a pinch of salt. Alternatively, administer with Da Liu Qi Yin (Great Qi-Flowing Decoction) or crushed Qing Mu Xiang (Green Costus Root).
Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Poria Pill): See Question 52.
Qing Mu Xiang Wan (Green Costus Root Pill): Relaxes the chest and diaphragm, treating hypochondriac and abdominal pain, epigastric hardness and fullness, borborygmus, and Yin swelling.
Ingredients: Hei Qian Niu (Black Morning Glory Seed, stir-fried, 1.5 liang), Mu Xiang (Costus Root), Bu Gu Zhi (Psoralea Fruit, stir-fried), Bi Cheng Qie (Long Pepper Fruit), Bing Lang (Areca Seed) (each 4 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Wrap Bing Lang (Areca Seed) in millet rice, then wrap in wet paper and roast until charred outside. Remove the rice and use only the Areca Seed. Combine with other decocted herbs, grind into powder, and make pills using water drop method, sized like mung beans. Take 20 pills per dose with warm water.
Tang Shi Hua Sheng Wan (Master Tang's Life-Transforming Pill): Treats Shan Qi (Hernia Qi), heart and abdominal pain radiating to the lower back and spine, irregular diet, sallow complexion, inability to stand straight, chronic conditions unresponsive to various treatments, and severe disease affecting the deep tissues. Also recommend moxibustion on the spine (3 moxa cones) for cure.
Ingredients: Mu Xiang (Costus Root, 1 liang), San Leng (Rhizoma Sparganii, roasted), E Zhu (Rhizoma Curcumae, wrapped in wet paper and roasted), Bing Lang (Areca Seed, raw), Qing Pi (Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium, stir-fried with Bitter Almond [Ba Dou] then remove Ba Dou), Chen Pi (Citrus Reticulatae Pericarpium, stir-fried), Chuan Lian Zi (Toosendan Fruit, pitted), Yuan Hua (Genkwa Flos) (each 0.5 liang, soaked in rice vinegar and stir-fried).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Mix with wheat paste to form pills the size of millet grains. Take with cooked water, three times daily.
Radix Paeoniae Rubra Powder (Mudan Pi San): Treats pendulous testicle in children.
Ingredients: Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root, de-rhizomed), Radix Paeoniae Rubra (Mudan Pi, de-bark) (equal parts).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with warm wine. If alcohol is not consumed, take with salt water. Adding Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Poria Pill) and administering with Mu Tong Tang (Akebia Caulis Decoction) is particularly effective.
San Huang Wan (Three-Yellow Pill): Treats accumulated Heat in the Three Jiao. Upper Jiao Heat attacks the eyes causing redness and swelling, head and neck pain/swelling, and mouth/tongue ulcers. Middle Jiao Heat causes restlessness in the heart and diaphragm, and poor appetite. Lower Jiao Heat causes dark, scanty urine and constipation. Heat in all five Zang organs leads to back sores and boils. Also treats five types of hemorrhoids, anal pain/swelling, hematochezia, and is effective for Shan Qi (Hernia Qi).
Ingredients: Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome, de-rhizomed), Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root, de-rhizomed), Da Huang (Rhubarb Rhizome, roasted) (each 10 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of tung tree seeds. Take 30 pills per dose with boiling water. If there is organ congestion and excess, increase the dosage. Suitable for children with accumulated Heat.