真伤寒。世罕稀。多少庸医莫能知。仲景石函节庵泄。千金不易伤寒秘。方不同。法更
异。
四时伤寒各有例。惟有冬月正伤寒。不与春夏秋同治。发表实表两妙方。用在三冬无别治。
真伤寒。真中风。表实表虚各自中。表虚自汗脉浮缓。疏邪实表有奇功。表实无汗脉浮紧。
升阳发表汗自松。背恶寒。背发热。头痛脊痛一般说。俱属太阳膀胱经。有汗无汗须分别。
有汗表虚无汗实。脉浮缓紧须分别。春夏秋。别有方。通用羌活冲和汤。
春温夏热秋治湿。随时加减细斟量。病症与冬皆相似。浅深表里脉中详。脉有浮。脉有沉。
半浮半沉表里停。有力无力表虚实。或温或下细推寻。更有汗吐下三法。当施当设莫留停。
两感症。日双传。一日太阳少阴连。肾与膀胱脉浮大。口干头痛是真原。二日阳明与太阴。
沉长之脉脾胃兼。目又痛。鼻又干。腹满自利不能安。三日少阳厥阴病。肝胆脉息见浮弦。
耳聋胁痛囊蜷缩。古人不治命堪忧。（今有方治两感症见后补遗）
陶节庵。泄漏方。不问阴阳两感伤。通用冲和灵宝饮。一服两解雪浇汤。更明表里多少
病。
治分先后细推详。表病多。里病微。麻黄葛根汤最奇。表缓里急宜攻里。调胃承气急通之。
寒中阴经口不干。身疼发热自下利。脉沉细。又无力。回阳急救汤最的。都言两感无治法。
谁知先后有消息。结胸症候分轻重。双解六一二方觅。阳明症。不得眠。鼻干目痛是根源。
柴葛解肌汤一剂。犹如渴急遇甘泉。耳聋舌痛半表里。柴胡双解立苏痊。腹又痛。咽又干。
桂枝大黄汤可蠲。太阳发黄头有汗。茵陈当归汤独羡。无热自利是脏寒。加味理中汤最端。
时行疫病身大热。六神通解须当啜。小便不利导赤饮。下焦蓄血凭斯诀。一切下症并结胸。
六一顺气分明说。身有热。头无痛。面赤饮水不下咽。庸医误认为热病。岂知心火泛上炎。
自是戴阳多不晓。复元汤服得安然。汗如珠。眼似火。发斑狂叫误认我。病在三焦无人识。
三黄石膏汤最可。发斑之症先咳呕。耳聋足冷定无他。休发汗。愈斑斓。消斑青黛饮莫慢。
劳力感寒症又异。调荣养卫金不换。内伤血气外感寒。莫与伤寒一例看。身出汗。热又渴。
如
神白虎汤最确。食积症。类伤寒。发热不恶寒。呕逆身不痛。头痛休疑谈。只消加味调中饮
气口紧盛休变延。小便利。大便黑。桃仁承气对君说。热邪传里蓄血症。血热目利病妥贴
吐血衄血另有方。生地芩连汤最切。阴格阳。难遍详。阴极发厥面戴阳。欲赴井中脉无力
急救回阳返本汤。水不下咽瘀血症。加减犀角地黄汤。真中寒。真厥症。回阳救急汤连进
阳毒发斑脉洪数。三黄巨胜汤之症。原无热。精采不与人相摄。热结膀胱休误下。桂苓饮
子真奇绝。心下硬痛利清水。热积利症医莫测。又谵语。又作渴。身热黄龙汤莫错。口
噤摇头名痉 。如圣饮内抽添诀。瘥后昏沉百合病。柴胡百合汤休越。亡阳症。过汗多。头
痛振振病不和。筋惕肉 虚太甚。温经益元汤最和。男女劳复阴阳易。逍遥汤治脉沉 。脚
气症。类伤寒。禁用补剂与汤丸。暑中伤热寒中冷。浮风弱湿脉之端。便闭呕逆难伸屈。加
减续命汤保全。撮空症。仔细认。休认风症误人命。循衣摸床为症验。叉手摸胸不识人。只
因肝热相伤肺。升阳散火效如神。睡觉中。忽言语。梦寐昏昏神不主。汤粥与之虽吞咽。形
如中酒多不举。心火克肺越经症。泻心导赤汤急取。身热渴。不头疼。神思昏昏乱语言。小
水不利大便黑。误投凉药命难全。病传心肺夹血症。当归活血汤最玄。夹痰症。类伤寒。寒
热昏迷头又眩。涎退场门中为症验。七情内损伤之根。神出舍空乱语言。加味导痰汤可增。大
头病。是天行。项肿恶寒热并煎。一剂芩连消毒饮。痰火喉痹尽安全。此是先贤千古秘。不
是知音莫浪传。
真正的伤寒病，世间罕见，许多平庸的医生不能知晓。张仲景、石函（指代秘传医籍）、节庵（陶华）泄露了其中的奥秘，千金方中也不易找到治疗伤寒的秘密。方剂不同，治法更是各异。
四季的伤寒各有其规律。只有冬季的正伤寒，不与春、夏、秋三季同治。发表和实表是两个妙方，适用于整个冬季，没有其他的治法。
真正的伤寒与真正的中风，表实证和表虚证各自不同。表虚证表现为自汗、脉浮缓，疏解邪气、充实肌表有奇效；表实证表现为无汗、脉浮紧，升阳发表后汗出自然通畅。背部恶寒或背部发热，头痛脊痛的说法一般相同，都属于太阳膀胱经。有汗和无汗必须分别对待，脉象浮缓或浮紧也必须分别辨别。春、夏、秋三季另有方剂，通用羌活冲和汤。
春季温病、夏季热病、秋季湿病，需根据时令加减斟酌度量。病症与冬季相似，但深浅表里需在脉象中详察。脉象有浮，有沉，半浮半沉表示病在表里之间。有力无力表示表证的虚实。或用温法或用下法，需仔细推求寻找。更有汗、吐、下三种治法，应当施用时不要迟疑停留。
两感症，每日双经传变。第一天太阳与少阴相连，肾与膀胱脉象浮大，口干头痛是根本原因。第二天阳明与太阴，沉长之脉兼见脾胃症状。眼睛疼痛，鼻子干燥，腹部胀满，自利（腹泻）不得安宁。第三天少阳与厥阴病，肝胆脉息见浮弦。耳聋胁痛，睾丸收缩，古人认为不治，性命堪忧。（现在有方子治疗两感症，见后补遗）。
陶节庵泄露了方剂，不问阴阳两感伤，通用冲和灵宝饮。一服药就能两解，如雪浇汤般清凉。更要明白表里病的多少，治疗分先后仔细推求详细。表病多，里病微，麻黄葛根汤最神奇。表缓里急宜攻里，调胃承气汤紧急通下。寒邪侵入阴经口不干，身体疼痛发热且自下利。脉象沉细又无力，回阳急救汤最确切。都说两感无治法，谁知先后有消息。
结胸症候分轻重，双解六一二方寻找。阳明症，不得安眠，鼻干目痛是根源。柴葛解肌汤一剂，犹如口渴急遇甘泉。耳聋舌痛在半表里，柴胡双解立竿见影痊愈。腹部又痛，咽喉又干，桂枝大黄汤可消除。太阳发黄头有汗，茵陈当归汤独受羡慕。无热自利是脏寒，加味理中汤最端正。
时行疫病身体大热，六神通解须当饮用。小便不利用导赤饮，下焦蓄血凭此诀。一切下症并结胸，六一顺气分明说。身有热，头无痛，面赤饮水不下咽。庸医误认为热病，岂知心火泛上炎。自然是戴阳证大多不晓，复元汤服用得安然。
汗如珠，眼似火，发斑狂叫误认我。病在三焦无人识，三黄石膏汤最可。发斑之症先咳呕，耳聋足冷定无他。休发汗，愈斑斓，消斑青黛饮莫慢。
劳力感寒症又异，调荣养卫金不换。内伤血气外感寒，莫与伤寒一例看。身出汗，热又渴，如神白虎汤最确。食积症，类伤寒，发热不恶寒，呕逆身不痛，头痛休疑谈。只消加味调中饮，气口紧盛休变延。小便利，大便黑，桃仁承气对君说。热邪传里蓄血症，血热目利病妥贴。吐血衄血另有方，生地芩连汤最切。
阴格阳，难遍详。阴极发厥面戴阳。欲赴井中脉无力，急救回阳返本汤。水不下咽瘀血症，加减犀角地黄汤。真中寒，真厥症，回阳救急汤连进。阳毒发斑脉洪数，三黄巨胜汤之症。原无热，精采不与人相摄，热结膀胱休误下，桂苓饮子真奇绝。心下硬痛利清水，热积利症医莫测。又谵语，又作渴，身热黄龙汤莫错。口噤摇头名痉，如圣饮内抽添诀。
瘥后昏沉百合病，柴胡百合汤休越。亡阳症，过汗多，头痛振振病不和。筋惕肉瞤虚太甚，温经益元汤最和。男女劳复阴阳易，逍遥汤治脉沉涩。脚气症，类伤寒，禁用补剂与汤丸。暑中伤热寒中冷，浮风弱湿脉之端。便闭呕逆难伸屈，加减续命汤保全。
撮空症，仔细认，休认风症误人命。循衣摸床为症验，叉手摸胸不识人。只因肝热相伤肺，升阳散火效如神。睡觉中，忽言语，梦寐昏昏神不主。汤粥与之虽吞咽，形如中酒多不举。心火克肺越经症，泻心导赤汤急取。身热渴，不头疼，神思昏昏乱语言。小水不利大便黑，误投凉药命难全。病传心肺夹血症，当归活血汤最玄。
夹痰症，类伤寒，寒热昏迷头又眩。涎退场门中为症验，七情内损伤之根，神出舍空乱语言。加味导痰汤可增。大头病，是天行，项肿恶寒热并煎。一剂芩连消毒饮，痰火喉痹尽安全。此是先贤千古秘，不是知音莫浪传。
True Shanghan (Cold Damage), rare in the world, is unknown to many mediocre physicians. Zhang Zhongjing, Shifan (secret medical texts), and Jie'an (Tao Hua) revealed its secrets; the secret of treating Shanghan is hard to find even in the Qianjin Fang (Thousand Gold Formulas). The formulas differ, and the methods are even more distinct.
Each season's Shanghan has its own examples. Only true Shanghan in winter differs from treatment in spring, summer, and autumn. Two excellent formulas for releasing the exterior and consolidating the exterior are used throughout the three winter months without other treatments.
True Shanghan and true wind-stroke: exterior excess and exterior deficiency strike differently. Exterior deficiency with spontaneous sweating and a floating-slow pulse has miraculous effects when dispersing pathogens and consolidating the exterior. Exterior excess with no sweating and a floating-tight pulse allows sweat to naturally loosen after raising yang and releasing the exterior. Aversion to cold on the back or fever on the back, headache and spine pain are generally described similarly; all belong to the Taiyang Bladder Meridian. Presence or absence of sweating must be distinguished; floating-slow or floating-tight pulses must also be differentiated. Spring, summer, and autumn have separate formulas; Qianghuo Chonghe Tang (Notopterygium Harmonizing Decoction) is commonly used.
Spring warmth, summer heat, and autumn dampness require careful adjustment according to the season. Symptoms resemble winter cases, but depth and interior/exterior status are detailed in the pulse. Pulses can be floating or sunken; half-floating half-sunken indicates pathology lingering between exterior and interior. Forceful or forceless pulses indicate exterior excess or deficiency. Warmth or purgation methods should be carefully sought. Furthermore, sweating, vomiting, and purging methods should be applied without delay.
Lianggan Syndrome (Simultaneous Transmission of Two Channels) transmits daily across two channels. On the first day, Taiyang and Shaoyin connect; Kidney and Bladder pulses are large and floating, with dry mouth and headache as primary symptoms. On the second day, Yangming and Taiyin involve sunken-long pulses affecting Spleen and Stomach; eyes hurt, nose is dry, abdomen is full, spontaneous diarrhea causes discomfort. On the third day, Shaoyang and Jueyin diseases occur; Liver and Gallbladder pulses appear floating-wiry; deafness, hypochondriac pain, and testicular retraction suggest ancient practitioners deemed it untreatable, endangering life. (Formulas for Lianggan syndrome are found in the later supplement.)
Tao Jian'an leaked formulas, regardless of Yin-Yang Lianggan injury, using Chonghe Lingbao Yin (Harmonizing Spiritual Treasure Drink) universally. One dose resolves both aspects like snow melting in hot water. One must understand the quantity of exterior vs. interior diseases and treat sequentially with detail. If exterior disease is predominant and interior is mild, Mahuang Gegen Tang (Ephedra and Pueraria Decoction) is most effective. If exterior is slow and interior is urgent, attack the interior with Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach and Purge the Bowels Decoction) urgently. Cold invading Yin meridians presents with no dry mouth, body ache, fever, and spontaneous diarrhea; sunken, fine, and forceless pulses indicate Huiyang Jijiu Tang (Restore Yang Emergency Rescue Decoction) is precise. It is said Lianggan has no cure, but one who knows the sequence finds hope.
Jie Xiong Syndrome (Chest Binding) varies in severity; search for Shuangjie Liu Yi Er Fang (Double Resolution Six-One Second Formula). Yangming syndrome involves insomnia, with dry nose and painful eyes as roots; Chai Ge Jie Ji Tang (Bupleurum and Kudzu Release Muscle Decoction) acts like sweet spring water for the thirsty. Deafness and tongue pain at the semi-exterior semi-interior level are cured quickly by Chaihu Shuangjie Tang (Bupleurum Double-Resolution Decoction). Abdominal pain and dry throat are cleared by Guizhi Dahuang Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Rhubarb Decoction). Taiyang jaundice with head sweating is best treated with Yincheng Danggui Tang (Artemisiae Scopariae and Angelicae Sinensis Decoction). No fever with spontaneous diarrhea indicates Zang Cold, treated best with Jiawei Lizhong Tang (Modified Regulate the Middle Decoction).
Seasonal epidemic diseases with high fever require Liushentongjie Tang (Six Powers Universal Resolution Decoction). Difficulty urinating is treated with Daochi Yin (Guide Out Red Drink); lower jiao blood stasis relies on this principle. All lower-jiao syndromes and chest binding are clearly explained by Liuyishunqi Tang (Six-One Smooth Qi Decoction). Fever without headache, red face, and inability to swallow water are mistaken by mediocre doctors as heat diseases, whereas heart fire flooding upward causes Daiyang Syndrome (Floating Yang), often unrecognized; Fuyuan Tang (Restore Primordial Decoction) brings peace.
Sweat like pearls, eyes like fire, macules appearing with maniacal shouting—this is rarely recognized as Sanjiao disease; Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three Yellows and Gypsum Decoction) is suitable. Macule syndromes start with cough and vomiting; deafness and cold feet confirm the diagnosis. Do not induce sweating, or macules will worsen; Xiaoban Qingdai Yin (Eliminate Macules Cyan Blue Drink) should not be delayed.
Labor-induced cold syndrome is different; Tiaorong Yangwei Jinbuhuan (Regulate Nutritive Nourish Defensive Golden Unchanging) is invaluable. Internal injury of Qi and Blood with external cold should not be viewed as standard Shanghan. Sweating, fever, and thirst are best treated with Rushen Baitu Tang (Divine Tiger White Decoction). Food stagnation resembles Shanghan: fever without aversion to cold, retching, no body pain; do not doubt headache. JiaWei Tiaozhong Yin (Modified Regulate Middle Drink) suffices; if the Qi Kou pulse is tight and full, prevent progression. Clear urination and black stool indicate Taoren Chengqi Tang (Peach Kernel Purge Bowels Decoction) for heat pathogen transmitting inward causing blood stasis. Hematemesis and epistaxis have separate formulas; Shengdi Qinlian Tang (Rehmannia Scutellaria Coptis Decoction) is most appropriate.
Yin repelling Yang is complex to detail. Extreme Yin leads to Jue (collapse) with Daiyang (floating Yang) on the face. Pulse is forceless when near death; Jijiu Huiyang Fanben Tang (Emergency Restore Yang Return to Root Decoction) is needed. Inability to swallow water due to blood stasis requires Jiawei Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Modified Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction). True cold invasion and true Jue syndrome are treated continuously with Huiyang Jiuji Tang (Restore Yang Rescue Emergency Decoction). Yang toxin macules with surging-numerous pulses correspond to Sanhuang Jusheng Tang (Three Yellows and Sesame Decoction). Originally no heat, essence fails to interact with others; heat binding the Bladder should not be purged wrongly; Guiling Yinzi (Cinnamon Twig and Poria Drink) is truly extraordinary. Hardness and pain below the heart with clear water diarrhea, heat accumulation diarrhea baffles doctors; delirium and thirst require Shenre Huanglong Tang (Divine Yellow Dragon Decoction). Jaw stiffness and head shaking named Jing (Spasm) are managed with Ru Sheng Yin (Like Sage Drink) adjustments.
Post-illness lethargy is Baihe Bing (Lily Disease); Chaihu Baihe Tang (Bupleurum Lily Decoction) should not be overlooked. Yang collapse from excessive sweating causes headache, trembling, and disharmony; severe muscle twitching and palpitations are best soothed by Wenjing Yiyuan Tang (Warm Meridians Benefit Origin Decoction). Male/female relapse after illness and Yin-Yang exchange are treated with Xiaoyao Tang (Free and Easy Wanderer Decoction) for sunken-pulse conditions. Jiaqi Syndrome (Gout/Paralysis) resembles Shanghan; tonics and pills are forbidden. Summer heat injuring heat, cold injuring cold, floating wind and weak dampness define the pulse. Constipation, retching, and difficulty bending/straightening are preserved by Jiawei Xuming Tang (Modified Continue Life Decoction).
Cuo Kong Syndrome (Grasping at Empty Air) requires careful recognition; do not mistake it for Wind syndrome to avoid fatal errors. Grasping clothes and touching bed are diagnostic signs; hands crossing chest and failing to recognize people result from Liver heat injuring Lung; Shengyang Sanhuo Tang (Raise Yang Scatter Fire Decoction) is effective as spirit. Waking suddenly speaking, dreamlike confusion where spirit lacks mastery; though swallowing soup/porridge, the body remains immobile like drunkenness. Heart fire overcoming Lung via meridian transmission requires Xiexin Daochi Tang (Drain Heart Guide Out Red Decoction) urgently. Fever and thirst without headache, mental confusion and disordered speech, difficult urination and black stool indicate that misusing cooling medicines endangers life. Pathogen transmitting to Heart/Lung with blood stasis is best treated with Danggui Huoxue Tang (Angelica Invigorating Blood Decoction).
Phlegm-binding syndrome resembles Shanghan: alternating chills and fever, coma, dizziness. Saliva drainage from the anus confirms the sign; root lies in Seven Emotions internal damage, spirit leaving empty residence causing disordered speech. JiaWei Daotan Tang (Modified Great Phlegm Resolving Decoction) can be added. Datou Bing (Big Head Disease) is seasonal epidemic; neck swelling with aversion to cold and fever is boiled together. One dose of Qinlian Xiaodu Yin (Scutellaria Coptis Detoxification Drink) ensures safety from phlegm-fire throat obstruction. This is an eternal secret of sages; do not spread it casually unless you are a kindred spirit.