肿胀之症有二。
一曰气肿。先肿而后喘。由脾胃虚弱。脾主肌肉。肺主皮肤。土弱不能生金。虚气上攻乎肺。行于面目。遍
身浮肿也。治宜调脾行气为主。用五子五皮汤。等分煎服。轻则六剂。重则十剂。无有不愈。
一曰水肿。先喘而后肿。因上焦烦渴。喜饮茶水。脾虚不能制水。水反侮土。上冲乎肺。流走皮肤而光肿也。
治宜实脾利水为主。用胃苓汤。又泻后痢后疟后诸病。脾虚发肿者。宜调脾胃为主。用六君子汤。或补中益气汤。
切不可用通药。如通。万不能活。如不因疟痢诸病后。突然而肿胀者。方从水气二种治之。此方即大方脉家用之。
亦无一不效。如通身不肿。
只有腹肿。弹之如鼓声。按之却绵软。此脾虚也。宜用六君子汤加浓朴。若腹肿弹之不响。按之如石。此单腹胀
也。不治之症。
三消之症。实热者少。虚热者多。不足之症也。若作有余治之。误矣。始而心肺消渴。或脾胃消中。或肾水
消浊。传染日久。则肠胃合消。五脏干燥。精神倦怠。以致消瘦四肢。
消渴。心火动而消上。上消乎心。移热于肺。渴饮茶水。饮之又渴。名曰上消。治宜莲花饮为主。次以生津
四物汤。川芎八分。归身一钱。生地酒洗一钱。知母一钱。白芍用湿纸包煨一钱。麦冬去心一钱。川连八分。乌
梅肉五分。天花粉七分。薄荷、石莲肉、蜜炒川黄柏、炙甘草各五分。
消肌。脾火动而消中。中消于脾。移热于胃。喜多食。食无足时。小便色黄。名曰中消。宜用石膏、知母、
甘草、人参。倍加石膏。外加粳米。次宜生津养脾。
消浊。火动消肾。移热于膀胱。小便混浊。色如膏脂。名曰下消。宜用莲子、知母、芡实、麦冬。入四物汤
服之。
凡消症。务要养脾生肺。降火滋阴。病自除矣。
总治三消。以生血为主。用黄连、天花粉二味为末。藕汁、生地汁、生姜汁、人乳并蜜。共和二末为丸。每
次一指而大。白汤送下。
肿胀这一病症主要有两种。
一种是气肿。先出现浮肿，随后发生气喘。这是由于脾胃虚弱所致。脾主肌肉，肺主皮肤，土（脾）虚弱不能生金（肺），导致虚气上冲于肺，运行至面目及全身，造成遍身浮肿。治疗应当以调理脾胃、行气为主。使用五子五皮汤，各药等分煎服。轻症服用六剂，重症服用十剂，没有不痊愈的。
另一种是水肿。先发生气喘，随后出现浮肿。这是因为上焦烦渴，喜欢饮用茶水。脾虚不能制约水湿，水反侮土（脾），上冲于肺，流注于皮肤而表现为光亮浮肿。治疗应当以健脾实脾、利水为主。使用胃苓汤。另外，对于痢疾后、疟疾后等各种疾病导致的脾虚浮肿，应当以调理脾胃为主。使用六君子汤，或者补中益气汤。切不可使用通利攻下的药物。如果使用通利药，患者万难存活。如果不是因为疟疾、痢疾等疾病之后突然出现的肿胀，才按照水气和气肿两种类型来治疗。这些方剂也是大方脉科医生常用的，无一不效。如果全身都不肿，只有腹部肿胀，敲击时声音如鼓，按压时却绵软，这是脾虚的表现。适宜使用六君子汤加浓朴。如果腹部肿胀，敲击时不响，按压时像石头一样坚硬，这是单腹胀，属于不治之症。
三消这一病症，实证热证较少，虚证热证较多，属于不足之症。如果当作有余（实证）来治疗，就错了。起初可能是心肺消渴，或者是脾胃消中，或者是肾水消浊。传染日久，则肠胃合消，导致五脏干燥，精神倦怠，以致四肢消瘦。
消渴：心火妄动而消烁上部，病位在上焦涉及心，热邪移于肺，口渴欲饮茶水，喝了又渴，名为上消。治疗应当以莲花饮为主，其次使用生津四物汤。其中川芎八分，当归身一钱，生地黄酒洗一钱，知母一钱，白芍用湿纸包裹煨制一钱，麦冬去心一钱，黄连八分，乌梅肉五分，天花粉七分，薄荷、石莲肉、蜜炒黄柏、炙甘草各五分。
消肌：脾火妄动而消烁中部，病位在中焦涉及脾，热邪移于胃，喜欢多吃食物，进食无节制，小便颜色黄，名为中消。适宜使用石膏、知母、甘草、人参，加倍使用石膏，外加粳米。其次适宜生津养脾。
消浊：火动消烁肾脏，热邪移于膀胱，小便混浊，颜色如膏脂，名为下消。适宜使用莲子、知母、芡实、麦冬，加入四物汤中服用。
凡是消症，务必注重养脾生肺，降火滋阴，病自然就会消除。
总治三消，以生血为主。使用黄连、天花粉两味药研为末，配合藕汁、生地汁、生姜汁、人乳和蜂蜜，共同将两味药末制成丸剂。每次服用一指头大小的药丸，用白开水送服。
There are two types of swelling disorders.
The first is Qi swelling (Qi edema). Swelling appears first, followed by panting. This is caused by the deficiency of the Spleen and Stomach. The Spleen governs muscles, and the Lung governs skin. When Earth (Spleen) is weak and fails to generate Metal (Lung), deficient Qi attacks upward towards the Lung, circulating in the face and eyes, resulting in generalized edema throughout the body. Treatment should primarily focus on regulating the Spleen and promoting Qi circulation. Use Wuzi Wupi Tang (Five Seeds and Five Peels Decoction), with equal parts of ingredients decocted and taken orally. For mild cases, six doses are sufficient; for severe cases, ten doses. There will be no failure in recovery.
The second is Water swelling (Water edema). Panting appears first, followed by swelling. This is due to irritability and thirst in the Upper Jiao, with a preference for drinking tea and water. Spleen deficiency fails to control water, leading to Water insulting Earth (Spleen), attacking upward towards the Lung, and flowing into the skin, causing shiny edema. Treatment should primarily focus on strengthening the Spleen and promoting diuresis. Use Weiling Tang (Stomach-Calm Decoction). Additionally, for various post-dysentery or post-malaria conditions where Spleen deficiency causes swelling, treatment should primarily focus on regulating the Spleen and Stomach. Use Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) or Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). One must absolutely avoid using purgative or draining herbs. If such herbs are used, survival is impossible. Only if swelling suddenly occurs without prior history of malaria or dysentery should it be treated according to the categories of Water Qi and Qi swelling. These formulas are also commonly used by physicians in internal medicine (Da Fangmai), with universal efficacy. If the entire body does not swell, but only the abdomen is swollen, sounding like a drum when tapped yet soft upon pressure, this indicates Spleen deficiency. It is appropriate to use Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) added with Houpo (Magnolia Bark). If the abdominal swelling sounds dull when tapped and feels hard as stone upon pressure, this is Dan Zhang Fu (Single Abdominal Distension), which is an incurable condition.
San Xiao (Three Consumptions) disorders are rarely excess-heat patterns but mostly deficiency-heat patterns, belonging to deficiency syndromes. Treating them as excess syndromes would be a mistake. Initially, there may be Xin Fei Xiao Ke (Heart-Lung Thirst), Pi Wei Xiao Zhong (Spleen-Stomach Consumption), or Shen Shui Xiao Zhuo (Kidney Water Turbidity). After prolonged transmission, the Intestines and Stomach become involved in consumption, leading to dryness of the Five Zang organs, mental fatigue, and emaciation of the four limbs.
Xiao Ke (Thirst Consumption): Heart Fire moves and consumes the upper burner. The pathology involves the Heart, transferring heat to the Lung. The patient suffers from thirst and drinks tea/water, yet remains thirsty after drinking. This is named Shang Xiao (Upper Consumption). Treatment should primarily use Lianhua Yin (Lotus Flower Decoction), followed by Shengjin Siwu Tang (Fluid-Generating Four Substances Decoction). Ingredients include Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong) 8 fen, Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui) 1 qian, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shudihuang) washed in wine 1 qian, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu) 1 qian, Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao) wrapped in wet paper and roasted 1 qian, Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong) dehearted 1 qian, Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) 8 fen, Mume Fructus (Wumei) pulp 5 fen, Trichosanthis Radix (Tianguafen) 7 fen, Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe), Nelumbinis Semen (Shilianrou), Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai) honey-fried, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata (Gancao) each 5 fen.
Xiao Ji (Muscle Consumption): Spleen Fire moves and consumes the middle burner. The pathology involves the Spleen, transferring heat to the Stomach. The patient desires excessive food intake, eating without satiety, and has yellow urine. This is named Zhong Xiao (Middle Consumption). It is appropriate to use Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), doubling the dose of Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao), and adding Coicis Semen (Jingmi/Rice). Subsequently, it is appropriate to generate fluids and nourish the Spleen.
Xiao Zhuo (Turbid Consumption): Fire moves and consumes the Kidney, transferring heat to the Bladder. Urine is turbid, resembling grease or paste. This is named Xia Xiao (Lower Consumption). It is appropriate to use Nelumbinis Semen (Lianzi), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu), Euryales Semen (Qianshi), and Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong), taken with Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction).
For all Xiao disorders, one must prioritize nourishing the Spleen and generating Lung fluids, descending Fire, and nourishing Yin. The disease will naturally resolve.
To treat San Xiao comprehensively, the primary method is generating blood. Use Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) and Tianguafen (Trichosanthis Radix) ground into powder. Mix with Lotus Root Juice (Ou Zhi), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata Juice (Shengdi Zhi), Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma Juice (Shengjiang Zhi), Human Milk (Renru), and Honey. Combine these juices with the powders to form pills. Each pill should be the size of a finger joint, taken orally with warm water.