金匮一物瓜蒂汤 治夏暑以水灌汗。身热疼痛。
瓜蒂(十四个。熬锉)
上一味。水煎。去滓顿服。少顷即吐。不吐探之。 此方之妙。全在探吐以发越郁遏之阳气
。则周身汗出表和。而在内之烦热。得苦寒涌泄亦荡涤无余。今人目睹其方而不知用。医道之陋若此。
消暑十全散 治伤暑。兼感风邪。发热头痛。
香薷(二钱。) 扁豆(炒捶) 浓朴(姜制) 陈皮 甘草(炙) 白术 茯苓
木瓜 藿香 苏叶(各一钱)
水煎。热服无时。取微汗效。
局方香薷饮 治伤暑。腹中不和。烦渴引饮。
香薷(二钱) 浓朴(姜制。一钱) 扁豆(炒研。一钱五分) 甘草(炙。一钱)
水煎。井中沉冷服之。身热欲得汗者热服。
黄连香薷饮(活人) 治伤暑。大热烦渴。
香薷(二钱) 黄连(酒炒。半钱) 浓朴(姜制。一钱)
水煎热服。
导赤散(局方) 治小肠实热。小便赤涩。
生地黄(五钱) 木通 甘草梢(生。各一钱。) 竹叶(一握。)
上四味。水煎热服。溺血。加辰砂五分。(一方多灯草。一方多车前。)
十味香薷饮 治伤暑。体倦神昏。头重吐利。
香薷(二钱。) 人参 黄 (酒炒。) 白术 茯苓 甘草(炙。) 扁豆
陈皮(醋炒。) 浓朴(姜制) 木瓜(各一钱)
水煎。欲作汗热服。欲利小便冷服。
六和汤 治伤暑霍乱烦闷。喘呕吐泻。
香薷(二钱。) 人参 茯苓 甘草(炙) 扁豆 浓朴(姜制。) 木瓜
杏仁(泡。去皮尖。) 半夏(醋炒。各一钱) 藿香 砂仁(炒研。各六分) 生姜(三片)
大枣(一枚)
水煎热服。
清暑益气汤(保元汤下) 白虎加人参汤(白虎汤下) 五苓散(方祖) 栀子豉汤(方祖)
益元散(方祖)
白虎汤(方祖) 竹叶石膏汤(白虎汤下) 消暑丸(二陈汤下) 藿香正气散(平胃散下)
养胃汤(平胃散下)
大顺散(理中汤下) 冷香饮子(四逆汤下) 浆水散(四逆汤下) 来复丹(金液丹下) 清
燥汤(保元汤下)
补中益气汤(保元汤下) 苍术白虎汤(白虎汤下) 生脉散(方祖) 小半夏茯苓汤(二陈汤下)
针氏六味丸(崔氏八味丸下)
桂苓丸(五苓散下) 参苓白术汤(四君子汤下) 钱氏白术散(四君子汤下) 黄连解毒汤(
伊芳尹三黄汤下) 保元汤(方祖)
金匮一物瓜蒂汤:治疗夏季中暑后用水冲洗汗出的情况。症状表现为身体发热、疼痛。
药材:瓜蒂(十四个,炒熟并捣碎)。
用法:以上一味药,加水煎煮,滤去药渣,一次性服用。不久之后就会呕吐;如果未吐,可探喉催吐。此方的妙处,全在于通过探吐来发散被郁遏的阳气,从而使周身出汗、表证调和,而体内的烦热,借助苦寒药物的涌泄作用也被荡涤干净。如今的人亲眼看到这张方子却不知道使用,医道的浅陋竟到了这种地步。
消暑十全散:治疗伤暑,兼感风邪。症状表现为发热、头痛。
药材:香薷(二钱),扁豆(炒后捶碎),浓朴(姜汁制),陈皮,甘草(炙),白术,茯苓,木瓜,藿香,苏叶(各一钱)。
用法:加水煎煮,随时热服,以微微出汗为有效。
局方香薷饮:治疗伤暑,腹部不适,心烦口渴想喝水。
药材:香薷(二钱),浓朴(姜汁制,一钱),扁豆(炒后研碎,一钱五分),甘草(炙,一钱)。
用法:加水煎煮,放入井水中冷却后服用。若身体发热想要出汗的,则热服。
黄连香薷饮(出自《活人书》):治疗伤暑,大热、心烦口渴。
药材:香薷(二钱),黄连(酒炒,半钱),浓朴(姜汁制,一钱)。
用法:加水煎煮,热服。
导赤散(出自《局方》):治疗小肠实热,小便红赤涩痛。
药材:生地黄(五钱),木通,甘草梢(生用,各一钱),竹叶(一把)。
用法:以上四味药,加水煎煮,热服。若有尿血,加辰砂五分。(另一版本多加灯草,另一版本多加车前子。)
十味香薷饮:治疗伤暑,身体疲倦、神志昏沉,头重、呕吐腹泻。
药材:香薷(二钱),人参,黄芪(酒炒),白术,茯苓,甘草(炙),扁豆,陈皮(醋炒),浓朴(姜汁制),木瓜(各一钱)。
用法:加水煎煮,想要发汗时热服,想要利小便时冷服。
六和汤:治疗伤暑引起的霍乱、烦闷、气喘、呕吐、腹泻。
药材:香薷(二钱),人参,茯苓,甘草(炙),扁豆,浓朴(姜汁制),木瓜,杏仁(泡过,去皮尖),半夏(醋炒),藿香,砂仁(炒后研碎),生姜(三片),大枣(一枚)。(注:原文中“各一钱”及“各六分”需结合具体药材对应,此处依原文结构翻译:人参、茯苓、甘草、扁豆、浓朴、木瓜、杏仁、半夏、藿香、砂仁等量或按序分配,原文表述为“各一钱”涵盖前几味,“各六分”涵盖藿香砂仁,生姜三片,大枣一枚)。
*修正理解原文结构*:香薷(二钱);人参、茯苓、甘草(炙)、扁豆、浓朴(姜制)、木瓜、杏仁(泡去皮尖)、半夏(醋炒)(各一钱);藿香、砂仁(炒研)(各六分);生姜(三片);大枣(一枚)。
用法:加水煎煮,热服。
清暑益气汤(源自保元汤类方),白虎加人参汤(源自白虎汤类方),五苓散(方祖),栀子豉汤(方祖),益元散(方祖),白虎汤(方祖),竹叶石膏汤(源自白虎汤类方),消暑丸(源自二陈汤类方),藿香正气散(源自平胃散类方),养胃汤(源自平胃散类方),大顺散(源自理中汤类方),冷香饮子(源自四逆汤类方),浆水散(源自四逆汤类方),来复丹(源自金液丹类方),清燥汤(源自保元汤类方),补中益气汤(源自保元汤类方),苍术白虎汤(源自白虎汤类方),生脉散(方祖),小半夏茯苓汤(源自二陈汤类方),针氏六味丸(源自崔氏八味丸类方),桂苓丸(源自五苓散类方),参苓白术汤(源自四君子汤类方),钱氏白术散(源自四君子汤类方),黄连解毒汤(源自伊芳尹三黄汤类方),保元汤(方祖)。
Jingui Yiwu Goudi Tang (Single-Ingredient Melon Pedicle Decoction from the Golden Cabinet): Treats summerheat injury caused by washing off sweat with water in summer. Symptoms include body heat and pain.
Herb: Goudi (Melonis Fructus, 14 pieces, roasted and crushed).
Usage: Take the above single herb, decoct in water, strain, and take in one dose. Vomiting will occur shortly after; if not, induce vomiting by stimulating the throat. The efficacy of this formula lies entirely in inducing vomiting to disperse the depressed and obstructed Yang Qi, thereby causing sweating throughout the body and harmonizing the exterior. Meanwhile, the internal restlessness and heat are thoroughly cleared by the bitter-cold purgative action. Nowadays, people see this formula but do not know how to use it; the shallowness of medical practice is indeed如此 (such).
Xiaoshu Shiquan San (Ten-Ingredient Summerheat-Relieving Powder): Treats summerheat injury complicated by wind pathogen invasion. Symptoms include fever and headache.
Herbs: Xiangru (Moslae Herba, 2 qian), Bian Dou (Vigna Semen, stir-fried and crushed), Nongpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-processed), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructuo), Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), Suye (Perillae Folium) (each 1 qian).
Usage: Decoct in water, take hot at any time. Efficacy is achieved when slight sweating occurs.
Jufang Xiangru Yin (Standard Formulary Mosla Decoction): Treats summerheat injury with abdominal discomfort, restlessness, thirst, and desire to drink.
Herbs: Xiangru (Moslae Herba, 2 qian), Nongpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-processed, 1 qian), Bian Dou (Vigna Semen, stir-fried and ground, 1.5 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, 1 qian).
Usage: Decoct in water, cool by immersing in a well water before taking. If the patient has body heat and desires sweating, take it hot.
Huanglian Xiangru Yin (Mosla Decoction with Coptis, from *Huoren Shu*): Treats summerheat injury with high fever, restlessness, and severe thirst.
Herbs: Xiangru (Moslae Herba, 2 qian), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, wine-fried, 0.5 qian), Nongpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-processed, 1 qian).
Usage: Decoct in water, take hot.
Daochi San (Guide Out Redness Powder, from *Jufang*): Treats excess heat in the Small Intestine, characterized by red and scanty/dysuric urine.
Herbs: Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, 5 qian), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Gancaoshao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma tip, raw, each 1 qian), Zhuye (Bambusae Folium, one handful).
Usage: Take the above four herbs, decoct in water, and take hot. For hematuria, add Chensha (Cinnabar, 0.5 fen). (Another version adds Dengcao [Scirpi Radiex], another adds Cheqian [Plantaginis Seed]).
Shiwei Xiangru Yin (Ten-Ingredient Mosla Decoction): Treats summerheat injury with fatigue, mental confusion, heavy head, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Herbs: Xiangru (Moslae Herba, 2 qian), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, wine-fried), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried), Bian Dou (Vigna Semen), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, vinegar-fried), Nongpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-processed), Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus) (each 1 qian).
Usage: Decoct in water. Take hot if aiming for sweating; take cold if aiming for diuresis.
Liuhe Tang (Six-Harmonies Decoction): Treats summerheat-induced Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome) with restlessness, panting, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Herbs: Xiangru (Moslae Herba, 2 qian); Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried), Bian Dou (Vigna Semen), Nongpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, ginger-processed), Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus), Xingren (Pruni Semen, soaked, skin and tips removed), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, vinegar-fried) (each 1 qian); Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), Sharen (Amomi Fructus, roasted and ground) (each 6 fen); Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 3 slices); Dazao (Jujubae Fructus, 1 piece).
Usage: Decoct in water, take hot.
Qingshu Yiqi Tang (Summerheat-Relieving and Qi-Nourishing Decoction, derived from Baoyuan Tang category), Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng, derived from Baihu Tang category), Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria, Formula Ancestor), Zhizi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction, Formula Ancestor), Yiyuan San (Benefit-Origin Powder, Formula Ancestor), Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction, Formula Ancestor), Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction, derived from Baihu Tang category), Xiaoshu Wan (Summerheat-Relieving Pill, derived from Erchen Tang category), Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Agastache Powder to Regulate the Qi, derived from Pingwei San category), Yangwei Tang (Stomach-Nourishing Decoction, derived from Pingwei San category), Dashun San (Great-Adherence Powder, derived from Lizhong Tang category), Lengxiang Yinzi (Cold-Aromatic Beverage, derived from Sini Tang category), Jiangshui San (Sour Water Powder, derived from Sini Tang category), Laifu Dan (Returning-to-Normal Pellet, derived from Jin Ye Dan category), Qingzao Tang (Clear-Dryness Decoction, derived from Baoyuan Tang category), Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction, derived from Baoyuan Tang category), Cangzhu Baihu Tang (Atractylodes and White Tiger Decoction, derived from Baihu Tang category), Shengmai San (Generate the Pulse Powder, Formula Ancestor), Xiao Banxia Fuling Tang (Minor Pinellia and Poria Decoction, derived from Erchen Tang category), Zhen Shi Liuwei Wan (Master Zhen's Six-Ingredient Pill, derived from Cui Shi Bawei Wan category), Guiling Wan (Cinnamon and Polyporus Pill, derived from Wuling San category), Shenling Baizhu Tang (Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Decoction, derived from Sijunzi Tang category), Qian Shi Baizhu San (Master Qian's Atractylodes Powder, derived from Sijunzi Tang category), Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction to Resolve Toxicity, derived from Yifangyin Sanhuang Tang category), Baoyuan Tang (Preserve the Origin Decoction, Formula Ancestor).