天分五气。地列五行。上经于列宿。下临于方隅。故丹天之气。经于牛女奎璧。临于戊
癸之
天之
丙辛
然
之
者
六十日有奇。有奇。谓八十七刻半。厥阴木。为风化用事。风气流行。阳气发动。万物发生
以应春。此初气主也。自斗建卯。至巳之中。则是春分至立夏之末。六十日有奇。少阴君火。
为热化用事。暄淑乃行。君德之象。不同炎暑以应夏。此二气主也。自斗建巳正。至未之中。
则是小满至小暑之末。六十日有奇。少阳相火。暑化用事。此司天之位。炎暑乃行。以应长
夏。此三气主也。自斗建未正。至酉之中。则是大暑至白露之末。六十日有奇。太阴土。湿
化用事。云雨乃行。此四气主也。自斗建酉正。至亥之中。则是秋分至立冬之末。六十日有
奇。阳明金。燥化用事。清凉乃行。此五气主也。自斗建亥正。至丑之中。则是小雪至小寒
之末。六十日有奇。太阳水。寒化用事。在泉之末。严凝乃行。此终气主也。历法五日为候
。三候为气。六气为时。一岁二十四气。七百二十气为三十年。一千四百四十气为六十年。
太过不及斯可见。且经曰。显明之右君火之位也。君火之右。退行一步。相火治之。复行一
步。土气治之。复行一步。金气治之。复行一步。水气治之。复行一步。木气治之。一步凡
六十日有奇。六六三百六十日。春温夏热秋凉冬寒。以成一气之令。千载而有定。此主气之
常也。故曰。地气主静而守护。何谓客。子午之岁。少阴司天。丑未之岁。太阴司天。寅申
之岁。少阳司天。卯酉之岁。阳明司天。辰戌之岁。太阳司天。巳亥之岁。厥阴司天。以客
加主。而推其变。故曰。天气动不息。其六气之源则同。六气之绪则异。何也。盖天之气。
始于少阴而终于厥阴。地之气。始于厥阴而终于太阳。是故当其时而行。变之常也。非其时
而行。变之灾也。故曰令。其所谓春行夏秋冬之令。冬行春夏秋之令。此客加主之变也。故
其主化政令之常。有豪雨疾风迅雷飘电之变。冬有烁石之热。夏有凄风之清。此无他天地之
气。胜复郁发之故也。是说也五气丽平。太过不及之征也。又有所谓平气者。故有天符。岁
会。同天符。同岁会。太乙天符五者所谓敷和。升明。备化。审平。静顺。之纪也。何谓天
符。如木运上见厥阴。运与司天合也。何谓岁会。如木运临丁。天运之丁运与年支合也。何
谓太乙天符。天运上见少阴。年辰临午之类。至于同天符。同岁会。以太过不及下加而然。
如木运太过。下加厥阴曰同天符。火运不及。下加少阴少阳之类曰同岁会。素问六微旨曰。
天符为执法。岁会为行令。太乙天符为贵人。邪中执法者。其病速而危。中行令者。其病徐
而持。中贵人者。其病暴而死。惟有岁气之平。天地之气得其中。则民无灾变之异。故自前
五者而然。又有所谓胜复而致变者。如木运不及则金胜。火为木之子。复能胜金。则肺反受
邪
子为母复仇也。何谓化气。如甲己化土。余仿此。化土甲巳起丙寅。数至戊辰为龙。龙有变
化之象。戊为土。故甲己化土。余仿此。何谓正化对化。玄珠曰。六气分正化对化。少阴正
化于午。对化于子。厥阴正化于亥。
对化于巳。太阴正化于未。对化于丑。少阳正化于寅。对化于申。阳明正化
于卯。太阳正化于戌。对化于辰。正司化令之实。对司化令之虚。为医之道。须
气之旨。有太过有不及。有阴阳相乘。有胜有复。若夫脉有气应则平。故曰从其
其气则病。然有未至而至。至而不至。难以一言括。在乎参稽是图也。甲己岁气土化之图。
甲岁土太过。岁运 天。敦阜之纪。平气备化。甲岁南政。太宫之音。
岁气雨湿流行。至阴内湿。物化充成。其变震惊。飘骤崩溃。肾水受邪。病有腹痛。清
厥体
溏泄
临辰戌为岁会（甲辰。甲戌）。上见太阴为同天符（甲辰。甲戌）。
己岁土不及。岁运 天。卑监之纪。平气备化。己岁南政。少宫之音。
岁气风寒大作。雨乃愆期。草木秀而不实。脾土受邪。病则飧泄霍乱。肢体重腹痛。肝
木克
临辰戌丑未为岁会（己丑。己未）。上见太阴为太乙天符（己丑。己未）。
乙庚岁气金化之图。
乙岁金不及。岁运素天。从革之纪。平气审平。乙岁北政。少商之音。
岁气炎火盛行。乃至烁石流金。涸泉焦草。 肺金受邪。病则肩背脊膂重。鼽血。血便
注下
临酉为太乙天符（乙酉）。又为岁会。上见阳明为天符（乙卯）。复则水胜火。寒雨暴至。冰
雹
霜雪。
庚岁金太过。岁运素天。坚成之纪。平气审平。庚岁北政。太商之音。
岁气燥行。天气洁。地气明。阳气随阴。肃杀凋零。肝木受邪。病则腹胁痛。目赤体重。
胸
之
临酉为岁会。庚酉上见阳明为天符（庚子。庚午）
丙辛岁气水化之图。
丙岁水太过。是岁雨冰雪霜不时降。湿气变物。岁运玄天。流衍之纪。平气静顺。丙岁
北政
岁气天地寒凝。其变冰霜雪雹。 心火受邪。病则身热烦躁，心中寒。甚则腹胫肿。喘
咳。
临子为岁会（丙子）。上见太阳为天符（丙戌。丙辰）。
辛岁水不及。岁运玄天。涸流之纪。平气静顺。辛岁北政。少羽之音。
岁气水泉减。草木茂。肾水受邪。病则身重。濡泻肿满。腰膝痛。足痿清厥。甚则 肿。
肾
临丑为同岁会（辛丑。辛未）。上见太阴。下见太阳。为同岁会。则大寒蛰藏。
丁壬岁气木化之图。丁岁木不及。是岁天地凄怆。日月 昧。雨非雨。晴非晴。雨气惨
然。
岁气燥气乃行。生气不正。凉雨时降。风雪并兴。草木晚荣。物气内湿。肝木受邪。病
中清
痱痤
临卯为岁会（丁卯）。上见厥阴为天符（丁巳。丁亥）。临阳明。生气失政。草木再荣。
壬岁木太过。岁气苍天。发生之纪。平气敷和。壬岁北政。太角之音。
岁气风气流行。生气淳化。万物以荣。其变振拉摧拔。脾土受邪。病飧泄、食减体重、
腹痛
戊癸岁气火化之图。戊岁火太过。是岁火燔灼。水泉涸。物焦槁。岁运丹天。赫曦之纪。平
气升明。戊岁北政。太征之音。
岁气阴气内化。其变则炎烈沸腾。肺金受邪。病则发疟。少气喘咳。血溢注。胸胁痛。
心火
临子为太乙天符。上见少阴少阳为天符。
癸岁火不及。岁运丹天。伏明之纪。平气升明。癸岁北政。少征之音。
岁气寒乃大行。火令不正。物生不长。阳气屈伏。蛰虫早藏。心火受邪。病则胸胁膺背
痛。
悸阴
临卯酉为同岁会（癸酉。癸卯）。
子午岁气热化之图
少阴司天 阳明在泉
初气 主位厥阴风木 客气太阳寒水
二气 主位少阴君火 客气厥阴湿土
三气 主位少阳相火 客气少阴君火
四气 主位太阴湿土 客气太阴湿土
五气 主位阳明燥金 客气少阳相火
终气 主位太阳寒水 客气阳明燥金
丑未岁气湿化之图
太阴司天 太阳在泉
初气 主位厥阴风木 客气厥阴风木
二气 主位少阴君火 客气少阴君火
三气 主位少阳相火 客气太阴湿土
四气 主位太阴湿土 客气少阳相火
五气 主位阳明燥金 客气阳明燥金
终气 主位太阳寒水 客气太阳寒水
寅申岁气火化之图
少阳司天 厥阴在泉
初气 主位厥阴风木 客气少阴君火
二气 主位少阴君火 客气太阴湿土
三气 主位少阳相火 客气少阳相火
四气 主位太阴湿土 客气阳明燥金
五气 主位阳明燥金 客气太阳寒水
终气 主位太阳寒水 客气厥阴风木
卯酉岁气燥化之图
阳明司天 少阴在泉
初气 主位厥阴风木 客气太阴湿土
二气 主位少阴君火 客气少阳相火
三气 主位少阳相火 客气阳明燥金
四气 主位太阴湿土 客气太阳寒水
五气 主位阳明燥金 客气厥阴风木
终气 主位太阳寒水 客气少阴君火
辰戌岁气寒化之图
太阳司天 太阴在泉
初气 主位厥阴风木 客气少阳相火
二气 主位少阴君火 客气阳明燥金
三气 主位少阳相火 客气太阳寒水
四气 主位太阴湿土 客气厥阴风木
五气 主位阳明燥金 客气少阴君火
终气 主位太阳寒水 客气太阴湿土
巳亥岁气燥化之图
厥阴司天 少阳在泉
初气 主位厥阴风木 客气阳明燥金
二气 主位少阴君火 客气太阳寒水
三气 主位少阳相火 客气厥阴风木
四气 主位太阴湿土 客气少阴君火
五气 主位阳明燥金 客气太阴湿土
终气 主位太阳寒水 客气少阳相火
风制法
风淫于内 治以辛凉。佐以苦。以甘缓之。以辛散之。
防风通圣散。术麻散。小续命汤。防风汤。消风汤。消风丸。
暑制法
热淫于内 治以咸寒。佐以甘苦。以酸收之。以苦发之。
白虎汤 桂苓汤。碧玉散。玉露散。排风汤。玉露丸。
湿制法
湿淫于内 治以苦热。佐以酸淡。以苦燥之。以淡泄之。
白术木香散。五苓散。桂苓白术丸。葶苈木香散。石膏散。橘皮白术散。益元散。神功
散。
火制法
火淫于内 治以咸冷。佐以苦辛。以酸收之。以苦发之。
凉膈散。八正散。解毒丸。
燥制法
燥淫于内 治以苦温。佐以甘辛。以苦下之。
大、小承气汤。调胃散。神功丸。麻仁丸。脾约丸。葶苈丸。润肠丸。四生丸。
寒制法
寒淫于内 治以甘热。佐以苦辛。以辛润之。以苦坚之。
姜附汤。二姜丸。四逆汤。术附汤。附子理中丸。戊己丸。
独治于内者
承气汤。陷胸汤。神芎丸。大黄丸。备急丸。
独治于外者
拔毒散。水澄膏。生肌散。鱼胆丸。
兼治于内者
防风通圣散。大柴胡汤。小柴胡汤。小柴胡饮子。当归饮子。
兼治于外者
桂枝汤。麻黄散。小建中汤。升麻汤。五积散。
先治内
谓寒药先攻里。大黄、芒硝、黑牵牛之类。
后治外
谓热药后攻表。桂枝麻黄之类。
先治外
但攻表。用热药。
后治内
但攻里。用寒药。
天地分别对应五气和五行。上经关联天上的星宿，下临对应地上的方位。因此，丹天之气，经过牛、女、奎、璧四星宿，加临于戊、癸之年（天之干）。丙、辛之年，风气主事，为厥阴风木。风气流行，阳气发动，万物发生以顺应春季。这是初气的主令。从斗柄指向卯位开始，到巳位中间，即春分至立夏末，六十余日。少阴君火，热化主事，温暖和煦乃行，具有君主之德的象征，不同于酷热以顺应夏季。这是二气的主令。从斗柄指向巳位正中，到未位中间，即小满至小暑末，六十余日。少阳相火，暑化主事，此位于司天之位，炎热酷暑乃行，以顺应长夏。这是三气的主令。从斗柄指向未位正中，到酉位中间，即大暑至白露末，六十余日。太阴湿土，湿化主事，云雨乃行。这是四气的主令。从斗柄指向酉位正中，到亥位中间，即秋分至立冬末，六十余日。阳明燥金，燥化主事，清凉乃行。这是五气的主令。从斗柄指向亥位正中，到丑位中间，即小雪至小寒末，六十余日。太阳寒水，寒化主事，在泉之末，严寒凝结乃行。这是终气的主令。历法规定五日为一候，三候为一气，六气为一时，一年二十四节气。七百二十气为三十年，一千四百四十气为六十年。太过与不及由此可见。况且《内经》说：显明之右是君火之位。君火之右，退行一步，由相火主事。再行一步，由土气主事。再行一步，由金气主事。再行一步，由水气主事。再行一步，由木气主事。一步凡六十余日，六六三百六十日。春温、夏热、秋凉、冬寒，以此形成一气之令，千载不变。这是主气的常规。所以说：地气主静而守护。什么是客气？子午之年，少阴君火司天；丑未之年，太阴湿土司天；寅申之年，少阳相火司天；卯酉之年，阳明燥金司天；辰戌之年，太阳寒水司天；巳亥之年，厥阴风木司天。以客气加临于主气之上，从而推演其变化。所以说：天气变动不息，但其六气的本源相同，六气的次序则不同。为什么呢？因为天的之气，始于少阴而终于厥阴；地之气，始于厥阴而终于太阳。所以当其时而运行，是变化的常态；非其时而运行，是变化的灾异。所以称为“令”。所谓春行夏秋冬之令，冬行春夏秋之令，这是客气加临主气的变化。所以其主化的政令常规，有豪雨、疾风、迅雷、飘电等变化。冬天有烁石般的炎热，夏天有凄风般的清冷。这没有别的原因，是天地之气胜复郁发的缘故。这种说法中，五气平调是正常，太过与不及是征兆。又有所谓平气者，故有天符、岁会、同天符、同岁会、太乙天符五种，所谓敷和、升明、备化、审平、静顺的纪年。什么是天符？如木运之上见厥阴，运与司天相合。什么是岁会？如木运临丁，天运之丁与年支相合。什么是太乙天符？天运之上见少阴，年辰临午之类。至于同天符、同岁会，是由于太过或不及下加所致。如木运太过，下加厥阴叫同天符；火运不及，下加少阴、少阳之类叫同岁会。《素问·六微旨大论》说：天符为执法，岁会为行令，太乙天符为贵人。邪气中于执法者，病势急而危重；中于行令者，病势缓而持久；中于贵人者，病势暴烈而死。只有岁气平和，天地之气得其中和，则百姓无灾变之异。所以从前五种情况而言。又有所谓胜复而导致变化的，如木运不及则金胜，火为木之子，复能胜金，则肺反受邪（子为母复仇）。什么是化气？如甲己化土，其余仿照此例。化土从甲己年的丙寅日开始数，至戊辰年为龙。龙有变化之象，戊为土，所以甲己化土，其余仿照此例。什么是正化对化？《玄珠密语》说：六气分正化和对化。少阴正化于午，对化于子；厥阴正化于亥，对化于巳；太阴正化于未，对化于丑；少阳正化于寅，对化于申；阳明正化于卯；太阳正化于戌，对化于辰。正司化令之实，对司化令之虚。为医之道，必须通晓气的旨意。有太过，有不及，有阴阳相乘，有胜有复。如果脉象与气相应则平和，所以说顺从其气则病轻，逆从其气则病重。然而有未至而至，至而不至，难以一言概括，在于参考稽考此图。
甲己岁气土化之图：
甲岁土太过，岁运属天，敦阜之纪，平气为备化。甲岁南政，太宫之音。岁气雨湿流行，至阴内湿，物化充成。其变为震惊、飘骤崩溃。肾水受邪，病有腹痛、清厥、体溏泄。临辰戌为岁会（甲辰、甲戌），上见太阴为同天符（甲辰、甲戌）。
己岁土不及，岁运属天，卑监之纪，平气为备化。己岁南政，少宫之音。岁气风寒大作，雨乃愆期，草木秀而不实。脾土受邪，病则飧泄霍乱、肢体重痛、腹痛。肝木克脾。临辰戌丑未为岁会（己丑、己未），上见太阴为太乙天符（己丑、己未）。
乙庚岁气金化之图：
乙岁金不及，岁运属素天，从革之纪，平气为审平。乙岁北政，少商之音。岁气炎火盛行，乃至烁石流金、涸泉焦草。肺金受邪，病则肩背脊膂重、鼽血、血便注下。临酉为太乙天符（乙酉），又为岁会，上见阳明为天符（乙卯）。复则水胜火，寒雨暴至，冰雹霜雪。
庚岁金太过，岁运属素天，坚成之纪，平气为审平。庚岁北政，太商之音。岁气燥行，天气洁，地气明，阳气随阴，肃杀凋零。肝木受邪，病则腹胁痛、目赤、体重、胸满。临酉为岁会，庚酉上见阳明为天符（庚子、庚午）。
丙辛岁气水化之图：
丙岁水太过，是岁雨冰雪霜不时降，湿气变物。岁运属玄天，流衍之纪，平气为静顺。丙岁北政。岁气天地寒凝，其变冰霜雪雹。心火受邪，病则身热烦躁、心中寒，甚则腹胫肿、喘咳。临子为岁会（丙子），上见太阳为天符（丙戌、丙辰）。
辛岁水不及，岁运属玄天，涸流之纪，平气为静顺。辛岁北政，少羽之音。岁气水泉减，草木茂。肾水受邪，病则身重、濡泻肿满、腰膝痛、足痿清厥，甚则肾肿。临丑为同岁会（辛丑、辛未），上见太阴，下见太阳，为同岁会，则大寒蛰藏。
丁壬岁气木化之图：
丁岁木不及，是岁天地凄怆，日月晦昧，雨非雨，晴非晴，雨气惨然。岁气燥气乃行，生气不正，凉雨时降，风雪并兴，草木晚荣，物气内湿。肝木受邪，病则中清、痱痤。临卯为岁会（丁卯），上见厥阴为天符（丁巳、丁亥）。临阳明，生气失政，草木再荣。
壬岁木太过，岁气属苍天，发生之纪，平气为敷和。壬岁北政，太角之音。岁气风气流行，生气淳化，万物以荣。其变振拉摧拔。脾土受邪，病飧泄、食减、体重、腹痛。
戊癸岁气火化之图：
戊岁火太过，是岁火燔灼，水泉涸，物焦槁。岁运属丹天，赫曦之纪，平气为升明。戊岁北政，太征之音。岁气阴气内化，其变则炎烈沸腾。肺金受邪，病则发疟、少气喘咳、血溢注、胸胁痛、心火亢。临子为太乙天符，上见少阴少阳为天符。
癸岁火不及，岁运属丹天，伏明之纪，平气为升明。癸岁北政，少征之音。岁气寒乃大行，火令不正，物生不长，阳气屈伏，蛰虫早藏。心火受邪，病则胸胁膺背痛、悸阴。临卯酉为同岁会（癸酉、癸卯）。
子午岁气热化之图：
少阴君火司天，阳明燥金在泉。
初气：主位厥阴风木，客气太阳寒水。
二气：主位少阴君火，客气厥阴湿土。
三气：主位少阳相火，客气少阴君火。
四气：主位太阴湿土，客气太阴湿土。
五气：主位阳明燥金，客气少阳相火。
终气：主位太阳寒水，客气阳明燥金。
丑未岁气湿化之图：
太阴湿土司天，太阳寒水在泉。
初气：主位厥阴风木，客气厥阴风木。
二气：主位少阴君火，客气少阴君火。
三气：主位少阳相火，客气太阴湿土。
四气：主位太阴湿土，客气少阳相火。
五气：主位阳明燥金，客气阳明燥金。
终气：主位太阳寒水，客气太阳寒水。
寅申岁气火化之图：
少阳相火司天，厥阴风木在泉。
初气：主位厥阴风木，客气少阴君火。
二气：主位少阴君火，客气太阴湿土。
三气：主位少阳相火，客气少阳相火。
四气：主位太阴湿土，客气阳明燥金。
五气：主位阳明燥金，客气太阳寒水。
终气：主位太阳寒水，客气厥阴风木。
卯酉岁气燥化之图：
阳明燥金司天，少阴君火在泉。
初气：主位厥阴风木，客气太阴湿土。
二气：主位少阴君火，客气少阳相火。
三气：主位少阳相火，客气阳明燥金。
四气：主位太阴湿土，客气太阳寒水。
五气：主位阳明燥金，客气厥阴风木。
终气：主位太阳寒水，客气少阴君火。
辰戌岁气寒化之图：
太阳寒水司天，太阴湿土在泉。
初气：主位厥阴风木，客气少阳相火。
二气：主位少阴君火，客气阳明燥金。
三气：主位少阳相火，客气太阳寒水。
四气：主位太阴湿土，客气厥阴风木。
五气：主位阳明燥金，客气少阴君火。
终气：主位太阳寒水，客气太阴湿土。
巳亥岁气燥化之图（注：原文此处标题有误，应为火化或根据上下文推断，但按原文翻译）：
厥阴风木司天，少阳相火在泉。
初气：主位厥阴风木，客气阳明燥金。
二气：主位少阴君火，客气太阳寒水。
三气：主位少阳相火，客气厥阴风木。
四气：主位太阴湿土，客气少阴君火。
五气：主位阳明燥金，客气太阴湿土。
终气：主位太阳寒水，客气少阳相火。
风制法：
风淫于内，治以辛凉，佐以苦味，以甘味缓之，以辛味散之。
方剂：防风通圣散、术麻散、小续命汤、防风汤、消风汤、消风丸。
暑制法：
热淫于内，治以咸寒，佐以甘苦，以酸味收之，以苦味发之。
方剂：白虎汤、桂苓汤、碧玉散、玉露散、排风汤、玉露丸。
湿制法：
湿淫于内，治以苦热，佐以酸淡，以苦味燥之，以淡味泄之。
方剂：白术木香散、五苓散、桂苓白术丸、葶苈木香散、石膏散、橘皮白术散、益元散、神功散。
火制法：
火淫于内，治以咸冷，佐以苦辛，以酸味收之，以苦味发之。
方剂：凉膈散、八正散、解毒丸。
燥制法：
燥淫于内，治以苦温，佐以甘辛，以苦味下之。
方剂：大承气汤、小承气汤、调胃散、神功丸、麻仁丸、脾约丸、葶苈丸、润肠丸、四生丸。
寒制法：
寒淫于内，治以甘热，佐以苦辛，以辛味润之，以苦味坚之。
方剂：姜附汤、二姜丸、四逆汤、术附汤、附子理中丸、戊己丸。
独治于内者：
承气汤、陷胸汤、神芎丸、大黄丸、备急丸。
独治于外者：
拔毒散、水澄膏、生肌散、鱼胆丸。
兼治于内者：
防风通圣散、大柴胡汤、小柴胡汤、小柴胡饮子、当归饮子。
兼治于外者：
桂枝汤、麻黄散、小建中汤、升麻汤、五积散。
先治内：
谓寒药先攻里，如大黄、芒硝、黑牵牛之类。
后治外：
谓热药后攻表，如桂枝、麻黄之类。
先治外：
但攻表，用热药。
后治内：
但攻里，用寒药。
Heaven and Earth respectively correspond to the Five Qi (Wu Qi, five phases of qi) and the Five Elements (Wu Xing). The upper classics relate to the constellations in the sky, while the lower corresponds to the directions on earth. Therefore, the Qi of Dan Tian (Red Heaven) passes through the stars Niu, Nu, Kui, and Bi, and applies to the years of Wu and Gui (Heavenly Stems). In the years of Bing and Xin, Wind Qi governs, belonging to Jueyin Wood. Wind Qi circulates, Yang Qi activates, and all things generate to accord with Spring. This is the governance of the First Qi. From when the Dipper points to Mao, until the middle of Si, that is, from the Spring Equinox to the end of Start of Summer, over sixty days. Shaoyin Ministerial Fire governs Heat transformation; warmth and mildness prevail, embodying the image of a ruler's virtue, distinct from scorching heat to accord with Summer. This is the governance of the Second Qi. From when the Dipper points to the center of Si, until the middle of Wei, that is, from Grain Full to Minor Heat, over sixty days. Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire governs Summer-heat transformation; this position is at the Si Tian (Heavenly Command) station, where intense heat prevails to accord with Late Summer. This is the governance of the Third Qi. From when the Dipper points to the center of Wei, until the middle of You, that is, from Major Heat to White Dew, over sixty days. Taiyin Earth governs Dampness transformation; clouds and rain prevail. This is the governance of the Fourth Qi. From when the Dipper points to the center of You, until the middle of Hai, that is, from Autumn Equinox to Start of Winter, over sixty days. Yangming Metal governs Dryness transformation; coolness prevails. This is the governance of the Fifth Qi. From when the Dipper points to the center of Hai, until the middle of Chou, that is, from Minor Snow to Minor Cold, over sixty days. Taiyang Water governs Cold transformation; at the end of Zai Quan (Earthly Command), severe freezing prevails. This is the governance of the Final Qi. The calendar stipulates five days as one Hou (pentad), three Hous as one Qi (term), six Qis as one Shi (season), and twenty-four Qis in a year. Seven hundred and twenty Qis constitute thirty years, and one thousand four hundred and forty Qis constitute sixty years. Excess and deficiency are thus visible. Moreover, the Classics state: To the right of Xian Ming is the position of Ministerial Fire. To the right of Ministerial Fire, moving back one step, Assistant Fire governs. Moving another step, Earth Qi governs. Moving another step, Metal Qi governs. Moving another step, Water Qi governs. Moving another step, Wood Qi governs. One step is over sixty days; six times six equals three hundred and sixty days. Spring warmth, Summer heat, Autumn coolness, and Winter cold form the command of one Qi, fixed for millennia. This is the normal pattern of Zhu Qi (Principal Qi). Thus it is said: Earth Qi is quiet and protective. What is Ke Qi (Guest Qi)? In Zi-Wu years, Shaoyin Ministerial Fire is Si Tian; in Chou-Wei years, Taiyin Earth is Si Tian; in Yin-Shen years, Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire is Si Tian; in Mao-You years, Yangming Metal is Si Tian; in Chen-Xu years, Taiyang Water is Si Tian; in Si-Hai years, Jueyin Wood is Si Tian. By adding Guest Qi onto Principal Qi, one deduces its changes. Thus it is said: Heavenly Qi moves incessantly, yet the source of the Six Qi is the same, though their sequence differs. Why? Because Heavenly Qi begins with Shaoyin and ends with Jueyin; Earthly Qi begins with Jueyin and ends with Taiyang. Therefore, when it occurs in its proper season, it is the normal variation; when it occurs out of season, it is a disaster of variation. Hence it is called "Ling" (Command). It refers to Spring executing the commands of Summer, Autumn, and Winter, or Winter executing the commands of Spring, Summer, and Autumn; this is the variation of Guest Qi added to Principal Qi. Thus, the normal policies of Principal Transformation have variations such as torrential rain, fierce winds, thunder, lightning, etc. Winter has heat capable of melting stones; Summer has chill capable of causing desolation. There is no other reason than the victory, retaliation, stagnation, and eruption of Heavenly and Earthly Qi. In this theory, balanced Five Qi indicates normality, while excess and deficiency are signs. There are also so-called Ping Qi (Balanced Qi), namely Tian Fu (Heavenly符), Sui Hui (Year Meeting), Tong Tian Fu (Same Heavenly符), Tong Sui Hui (Same Year Meeting), and Tai Yi Tian Fu (Great One Heavenly符), corresponding to the cycles of Fu He, Sheng Ming, Bei Hua, Shen Ping, and Jing Shun. What is Tian Fu? For example, when Wood Yun (Movement) meets Jueyin above, the Yun combines with Si Tian. What is Sui Hui? For example, when Wood Yun approaches Ding, the Heavenly Yun of Ding combines with the Earthly Branch of the year. What is Tai Yi Tian Fu? When Heavenly Yun meets Shaoyin above, and the year branch approaches Wu, etc. As for Tong Tian Fu and Tong Sui Hui, they result from excess or deficiency being added below. For instance, when Wood Yun is excessive and adds below to Jueyin, it is called Tong Tian Fu; when Fire Yun is deficient and adds below to Shaoyin or Shaoyang, it is called Tong Sui Hui. *Su Wen: Liu Wei Zhi Da Lun* states: Tian Fu is the Law Enforcer; Sui Hui is the Order Executor; Tai Yi Tian Fu is the Noble Person. If evil strikes the Law Enforcer, the disease is rapid and critical; if it strikes the Order Executor, the disease is slow and lingering; if it strikes the Noble Person, the disease is sudden and fatal. Only when Sui Qi is balanced, and Heavenly and Earthly Qi achieve harmony, will the people be free from disasters. Thus, considering the previous five cases. There are also variations caused by Victory and Retaliation. For example, if Wood Yun is deficient, Metal wins; Fire, being the child of Wood, retaliates against Metal, so the Lungs suffer evil (the child avenges the mother). What is Hua Qi (Transformation Qi)? For example, Jia and Ji transform into Earth; others follow this pattern. Earth transformation starts from Bing Yin in Jia-Ji years, counting to Wu Chen as Dragon. Dragon has images of change; Wu is Earth, hence Jia and Ji transform into Earth; others follow this pattern. What are Zheng Hua (Direct Transformation) and Dui Hua (Opposite Transformation)? *Xuan Zhu Mi Yu* states: The Six Qi are divided into Direct and Opposite Transformations. Shaoyin transforms directly at Wu, oppositely at Zi; Jueyin directly at Hai, oppositely at Si; Taiyin directly at Wei, oppositely at Chou; Shaoyang directly at Yin, oppositely at Shen; Yangming directly at Mao; Taiyang directly at Xu, oppositely at Chen. Direct governs the reality of transformation commands; Opposite governs the emptiness of transformation commands. The way of medicine requires understanding the purport of Qi. There is excess, there is deficiency, there is Yin-Yang mutual overcoming, there is victory and retaliation. If the pulse responds to Qi, it is balanced. Thus, following the Qi makes the disease mild, opposing the Qi makes the disease severe. However, there are cases of arrival before time and arrival after time, which cannot be summarized in one word; it depends on consulting and examining this chart.
**Chart of Earth Transformation for Jia and Ji Years:**
Jia Year: Earth is excessive. The Yun belongs to Heaven. It is the cycle of Dun Fu (Solid Mound). Balanced Qi is Bei Hua. Jia Year Southern Polarity, sound of Tai Gong. Year Qi: Rain and dampness circulate; extreme Yin internal dampness; things mature fully. Variations: Shock, violent storms, collapse. Kidney Water suffers evil; symptoms include abdominal pain, clear cold extremities, loose stools. Approaching Chen and Xu forms Sui Hui (Jia Chen, Jia Xu); meeting Taiyin above forms Tong Tian Fu (Jia Chen, Jia Xu).
Ji Year: Earth is deficient. The Yun belongs to Heaven. It is the cycle of Bei Jian (Low Monitor). Balanced Qi is Bei Hua. Ji Year Southern Polarity, sound of Shao Gong. Year Qi: Wind and cold arise greatly; rain is delayed; grass and trees flower but do not bear fruit. Spleen Earth suffers evil; symptoms include undigested food diarrhea, cholera-like vomiting/diarrhea, heavy limbs, abdominal pain. Liver Wood overcomes Spleen. Approaching Chen, Xu, Chou, Wei forms Sui Hui (Ji Chou, Ji Wei); meeting Taiyin above forms Tai Yi Tian Fu (Ji Chou, Ji Wei).
**Chart of Metal Transformation for Yi and Geng Years:**
Yi Year: Metal is deficient. The Yun belongs to Su Tian. It is the cycle of Cong Ge (Following Change). Balanced Qi is Shen Ping. Yi Year Northern Polarity, sound of Shao Shang. Year Qi: Blazing fire prevails, even to melting stones and flowing metal, drying springs and scorching grass. Lung Metal suffers evil; symptoms include heaviness in shoulders, back, spine, and loins; nasal bleeding; bloody diarrhea. Approaching You forms Tai Yi Tian Fu (Yi You) and Sui Hui; meeting Yangming above forms Tian Fu (Yi Mao). Retaliation: Water defeats Fire; cold rain arrives suddenly, hail, frost, snow.
Geng Year: Metal is excessive. The Yun belongs to Su Tian. It is the cycle of Jian Cheng (Solid Formation). Balanced Qi is Shen Ping. Geng Year Northern Polarity, sound of Tai Shang. Year Qi: Dryness prevails; Heaven is clean; Earth is bright; Yang Qi follows Yin; solemn killing and withering occur. Liver Wood suffers evil; symptoms include abdominal and hypochondriac pain, red eyes, heavy body, chest fullness. Approaching You forms Sui Hui; Geng You meeting Yangming above forms Tian Fu (Geng Zi, Geng Wu).
**Chart of Water Transformation for Bing and Xin Years:**
Bing Year: Water is excessive. In this year, rain, ice, snow, and frost fall irregularly; dampness alters things. The Yun belongs to Xuan Tian. It is the cycle of Liu Yan (Flowing Expansion). Balanced Qi is Jing Shun. Bing Year Northern Polarity. Year Qi: Heaven and Earth freeze; variations include ice, frost, snow, hail. Heart Fire suffers evil; symptoms include body heat, irritability, cold sensation in the heart, and in severe cases, abdominal and shin swelling, wheezing and coughing. Approaching Zi forms Sui Hui (Bing Zi); meeting Taiyang above forms Tian Fu (Bing Xu, Bing Chen).
Xin Year: Water is deficient. The Yun belongs to Xuan Tian. It is the cycle of He Liu (Dried Flow). Balanced Qi is Jing Shun. Xin Year Northern Polarity, sound of Shao Yu. Year Qi: Springs and streams diminish; grass and trees flourish. Kidney Water suffers evil; symptoms include heavy body, watery diarrhea, edema and fullness, soreness and pain in waist and knees, weakness and cold extremities in feet, and in severe cases, Kidney swelling. Approaching Chou forms Tong Sui Hui (Xin Chou, Xin Wei); meeting Taiyin above and Taiyang below forms Tong Sui Hui, resulting in great cold and hibernation.
**Chart of Wood Transformation for Ding and Ren Years:**
Ding Year: Wood is deficient. In this year, heaven and earth are bleak; sun and moon are dim; rain is not like rain, clear weather not like clear; rainy air is grim. Year Qi: Dryness prevails; generating Qi is abnormal; cool rain falls frequently; wind and snow rise together; grass and trees bloom late; internal dampness in things. Liver Wood suffers evil; symptoms include internal cold, paralysis, acne. Approaching Mao forms Sui Hui (Ding Mao); meeting Jueyin above forms Tian Fu (Ding Si, Ding Hai). Approaching Yangming, generating Qi loses control, grass and trees bloom again.
Ren Year: Wood is excessive. Year Qi belongs to Cang Tian. It is the cycle of Fa Sheng (Generating Occurrence). Balanced Qi is Fu He. Ren Year Northern Polarity, sound of Tai Jiao. Year Qi: Wind Qi circulates; generating Qi is pure; all things flourish. Variations: Uprooting and breaking. Spleen Earth suffers evil; symptoms include undigested food diarrhea, reduced appetite, heavy body, abdominal pain.
**Chart of Fire Transformation for Wu and Gui Years:**
Wu Year: Fire is excessive. In this year, fire blazes, springs dry up, things wither. The Yun belongs to Dan Tian. It is the cycle of He Xi (Blazing Radiance). Balanced Qi is Sheng Ming. Wu Year Northern Polarity, sound of Tai Zheng. Year Qi: Yin Qi transforms internally; variations are intense heat and boiling. Lung Metal suffers evil; symptoms include malaria, shortness of breath, wheezing and coughing, blood overflow, chest and hypochondriac pain, Hyperactive Heart Fire. Approaching Zi forms Tai Yi Tian Fu; meeting Shaoyin and Shaoyang above forms Tian Fu.
Gui Year: Fire is deficient. The Yun belongs to Dan Tian. It is the cycle of Fu Ming (Hidden Brightness). Balanced Qi is Sheng Ming. Gui Year Northern Polarity, sound of Shao Zheng. Year Qi: Cold prevails greatly; Fire command is abnormal; things do not grow long; Yang Qi is suppressed; hibernating insects hide early. Heart Fire suffers evil; symptoms include chest, hypochondriac, breast, and back pain; palpitations and Yin deficiency. Approaching Mao and You forms Tong Sui Hui (Gui You, Gui Mao).
**Chart of Heat Transformation for Zi-Wu Years:**
Si Tian: Shaoyin Ministerial Fire; Zai Quan: Yangming Dryness Metal.
1st Qi: Principal Position Jueyin Wind Wood; Guest Qi Taiyang Cold Water.
2nd Qi: Principal Position Shaoyin Ministerial Fire; Guest Qi Jueyin Damp Earth.
3rd Qi: Principal Position Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire; Guest Qi Shaoyin Ministerial Fire.
4th Qi: Principal Position Taiyin Damp Earth; Guest Qi Taiyin Damp Earth.
5th Qi: Principal Position Yangming Dryness Metal; Guest Qi Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire.
Final Qi: Principal Position Taiyang Cold Water; Guest Qi Yangming Dryness Metal.
**Chart of Damp Transformation for Chou-Wei Years:**
Si Tian: Taiyin Damp Earth; Zai Quan: Taiyang Cold Water.
1st Qi: Principal Position Jueyin Wind Wood; Guest Qi Jueyin Wind Wood.
2nd Qi: Principal Position Shaoyin Ministerial Fire; Guest Qi Shaoyin Ministerial Fire.
3rd Qi: Principal Position Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire; Guest Qi Taiyin Damp Earth.
4th Qi: Principal Position Taiyin Damp Earth; Guest Qi Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire.
5th Qi: Principal Position Yangming Dryness Metal; Guest Qi Yangming Dryness Metal.
Final Qi: Principal Position Taiyang Cold Water; Guest Qi Taiyang Cold Water.
**Chart of Fire Transformation for Yin-Shen Years:**
Si Tian: Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire; Zai Quan: Jueyin Wind Wood.
1st Qi: Principal Position Jueyin Wind Wood; Guest Qi Shaoyin Ministerial Fire.
2nd Qi: Principal Position Shaoyin Ministerial Fire; Guest Qi Taiyin Damp Earth.
3rd Qi: Principal Position Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire; Guest Qi Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire.
4th Qi: Principal Position Taiyin Damp Earth; Guest Qi Yangming Dryness Metal.
5th Qi: Principal Position Yangming Dryness Metal; Guest Qi Taiyang Cold Water.
Final Qi: Principal Position Taiyang Cold Water; Guest Qi Jueyin Wind Wood.
**Chart of Dryness Transformation for Mao-You Years:**
Si Tian: Yangming Dryness Metal; Zai Quan: Shaoyin Ministerial Fire.
1st Qi: Principal Position Jueyin Wind Wood; Guest Qi Taiyin Damp Earth.
2nd Qi: Principal Position Shaoyin Ministerial Fire; Guest Qi Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire.
3rd Qi: Principal Position Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire; Guest Qi Yangming Dryness Metal.
4th Qi: Principal Position Taiyin Damp Earth; Guest Qi Taiyang Cold Water.
5th Qi: Principal Position Yangming Dryness Metal; Guest Qi Jueyin Wind Wood.
Final Qi: Principal Position Taiyang Cold Water; Guest Qi Shaoyin Ministerial Fire.
**Chart of Cold Transformation for Chen-Xu Years:**
Si Tian: Taiyang Cold Water; Zai Quan: Taiyin Damp Earth.
1st Qi: Principal Position Jueyin Wind Wood; Guest Qi Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire.
2nd Qi: Principal Position Shaoyin Ministerial Fire; Guest Qi Yangming Dryness Metal.
3rd Qi: Principal Position Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire; Guest Qi Taiyang Cold Water.
4th Qi: Principal Position Taiyin Damp Earth; Guest Qi Jueyin Wind Wood.
5th Qi: Principal Position Yangming Dryness Metal; Guest Qi Shaoyin Ministerial Fire.
Final Qi: Principal Position Taiyang Cold Water; Guest Qi Taiyin Damp Earth.
**Chart of Dryness Transformation for Si-Hai Years:**
Si Tian: Jueyin Wind Wood; Zai Quan: Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire.
1st Qi: Principal Position Jueyin Wind Wood; Guest Qi Yangming Dryness Metal.
2nd Qi: Principal Position Shaoyin Ministerial Fire; Guest Qi Taiyang Cold Water.
3rd Qi: Principal Position Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire; Guest Qi Jueyin Wind Wood.
4th Qi: Principal Position Taiyin Damp Earth; Guest Qi Shaoyin Ministerial Fire.
5th Qi: Principal Position Yangming Dryness Metal; Guest Qi Taiyin Damp Earth.
Final Qi: Principal Position Taiyang Cold Water; Guest Qi Shaoyang Triple Burner Fire.
**Treatment Methods for Wind:**
Wind rampant within: Treat with Pungent-Cool, assist with Bitter, soothe with Sweet, disperse with Pungent.
Formulas: Fangfeng Tongsheng San, Shuma San, Xiao Xuming Tang, Fangfeng Tang, Xiaofeng Tang, Xiaofeng Wan.
**Treatment Methods for Summer-Heat:**
Heat rampant within: Treat with Salty-Cold, assist with Sweet-Bitter, astringe with Sour, vent with Bitter.
Formulas: Baihu Tang, Guiling Tang, Biyu San, Yulu San, Paifeng Tang, Yulu Wan.
**Treatment Methods for Dampness:**
Dampness rampant within: Treat with Bitter-Hot, assist with Sour-Light, dry with Bitter, drain with Light.
Formulas: Baizhu Muxiang San, Wuling San, Guiling Baizhu Wan, Tingli Muxiang San, Shigao San, Ju Pi Baizhu San, Yiyuan San, Shengong San.
**Treatment Methods for Fire:**
Fire rampant within: Treat with Salty-Cold, assist with Bitter-Pungent, astringe with Sour, vent with Bitter.
Formulas: Liangge San, Bazheng San, Jiedu Wan.
**Treatment Methods for Dryness:**
Dryness rampant within: Treat with Bitter-Warm, assist with Sweet-Pungent, purge with Bitter.
Formulas: Dachengqi Tang, Xiaochengqi Tang, Tiaowei San, Shengong Wan, Maren Wan, Xiyue Wan, Tingli Wan, Runchang Wan, Sisheng Wan.
**Treatment Methods for Cold:**
Cold rampant within: Treat with Sweet-Hot, assist with Bitter-Pungent, moisten with Pungent, firm with Bitter.
Formulas: Jiangfu Tang, Erjiang Wan, Sini Tang, Shufu Tang, Fuzi Lizhong Wan, Wuji Wan.
**Treating Internally Only:**
Chengqi Tang, Xiantang Tang, Shenxiong Wan, Dahuang Wan, Beiji Wan.
**Treating Externally Only:**
Badu San, Shuicheng Gao, Shengji San, Yudan Wan.
**Treating Both Internally and Externally:**
Fangfeng Tongsheng San, Dachaihu Tang, Xiaochaihu Tang, Xiaochaihu Yinzi, Danggui Yinzi.
**Treating Externally as Well:**
Guizhi Tang, Mahuang San, Xiaojianzhong Tang, Shengma Tang, Wuji San.
**Treat Internal First:**
Refers to using Cold herbs to attack the Interior first, such as Dahuang, Mangxiao, Hei Qianniu.
**Treat External Later:**
Refers to using Hot herbs to attack the Exterior later, such as Guizhi, Mahuang.
**Treat External First:**
Only attack the Exterior, use Hot herbs.
**Treat Internal Later:**
Only attack the Interior, use Cold herbs.