夫痢不瘥。则肠胃虚弱。津液减耗。不能上润于咽嗌。故口舌焦干而内烦。使人引饮。
饮多则湿气淫溢。肌肉虚浮。而痢亦不瘥。
方
人参汤 治泄痢上膈虚热。烦渴引饮。口疮不下食。困劣。
人参 白茯苓 木香 麦门冬 葛根 前胡 栀子仁 黄 陈橘皮 诃黎勒（各一
两） 半夏（二两） 甘草（半两） 上粗捣筛。每服四钱。水一盏半。生姜三片。陈米一
合。同煎至七分。去滓。空心温服。
黄芩汤 治泄痢脏腑虚燥。烦渴不止。
黄芩（三分） 石膏 甘草 枳壳 黄柏 女萎 栝蒌根（各半两） 榉皮（三分） 白
茯苓（半两） 淡竹叶（三分） 上捣筛为粗末。每服五钱。水一盏半。煎至一盏。去滓。
空心温服。
石膏丸 治痢后渴不止。
石膏 麦门冬 栝蒌根 茯苓 知母 黄连 枸杞根皮 白茯苓（各一两） 胡粉（半
两）
上捣研为末。炼蜜丸如梧桐子大。每服三十丸。空心米饮下。晚食前再服。或作散。将熟水
温二钱许服亦得。
乌梅汤 治久痢食即呕吐。烦渴不可忍。
乌梅肉（半两） 黄连（三分） 白茯苓 黄芩 龙骨（各半两） 诃黎勒（三分） 浓
朴（一两） 阿胶（半两） 上捣筛粗末。每服五钱。将水一盏。生姜三片。同煎至七分。
去滓。空心温服。日午再服。
泻心汤 治卒然下痢热。唇干口燥。呕逆引饮。
人参 甘草 黄芩 栝蒌根 橘皮（各一两） 上罗匀。以水六升。煮取二升。分三服。
治老小痢。水谷不化。腹中雷鸣。心下痞满。干呕。一方无橘皮、栝蒌。若寒加附子一枚。
渴加栝蒌一两。呕加橘皮一两。痛加当归一两。仲景用大枣十二枚。
栝蒌根汤 治下痢冷热相冲。脏腑气不和顺。本来下虚。津液耗少。口干咽燥。
常思饮水。人初不许饮水。毒瓦斯更增。烦躁转甚。宜急与汤饮救之。不得令至过度。
止渴。
栝蒌根 甘草 白茯苓（各半两） 上粗捣筛。每服五钱。以水一盏半。麦门冬一分去
心。枣
麦门冬汤 治痢兼渴。
麦门冬（一两半） 乌梅（七枚） 上锉。以水二盏。煎取一盏。去滓。分温二服。空
心晚食前服。
陈米汤 治吐痢后。大渴饮水不止。
上用陈廪米。水淘净二合。水二盏。煎至一盏。去滓。空心温服。
治痢后渴
用糯米二合。以水一盏半同研。绞取汁。空心顿服之。
痢疾久治不愈，会导致肠胃虚弱，津液减少耗损，无法向上滋润咽喉，因此口舌焦干且内心烦热，使人想要大量饮水。
饮水过多则湿气泛滥溢出，导致肌肉虚浮肿胀，而痢疾也无法痊愈。
方剂：
人参汤：治疗泄泻痢疾伴有上膈虚热，心烦口渴想喝水，口腔溃疡不能进食，身体困倦衰弱。
药材组成：人参、白茯苓、木香、麦门冬（麦冬）、葛根、前胡、栀子仁、黄芩、陈橘皮（陈皮）、诃黎勒（诃子）各一两；半夏二两；甘草半两。
用法：将上述药材粗捣筛成粉末。每次服用四钱，加水一盏半，生姜三片，陈米一合，共同煎煮至七分水量，滤去药渣，空腹时温服。
黄芩汤：治疗泄泻痢疾导致脏腑虚燥，心烦口渴不止。
药材组成：黄芩三分、石膏、甘草、枳壳、黄柏、女萎、栝蒌根（天花粉）各半两；榉皮三分；白茯苓半两；淡竹叶三分。
用法：将上述药材捣筛成粗末。每次服用五钱，加水一盏半，煎煮至一盏水量，滤去药渣，空腹时温服。
石膏丸：治疗痢疾后口渴不止。
药材组成：石膏、麦门冬、栝蒌根、茯苓、知母、黄连、枸杞根皮、白茯苓各一两；胡粉半两。
用法：将上述药材捣研成粉末，用炼蜜制成如梧桐子大小的丸剂。每次服用三十丸，空腹时用米汤送服，晚饭后再次服用。也可以做成散剂，用温水调服二钱许也可。
乌梅汤：治疗久痢导致进食即呕吐，心烦口渴难以忍受。
药材组成：乌梅肉半两、黄连三分、白茯苓、黄芩、龙骨各半两；诃黎勒三分；浓朴一两；阿胶半两。
用法：将上述药材捣筛成粗末。每次服用五钱，加水一盏，生姜三片，共同煎煮至七分水量，滤去药渣，空腹时温服，中午时分再服用一次。
泻心汤：治疗突然发生的下痢发热，嘴唇干燥口舌燥渴，呕吐逆气并想喝水。
药材组成：人参、甘草、黄芩、栝蒌根、橘皮各一两。
用法：将药材罗筛均匀，用水六升，煮取二升药液，分三次服用。
此方也用于治疗老人和儿童的痢疾，水谷不消化，腹中肠鸣，心下部痞塞胀满，干呕。另一版本方中无橘皮、栝蒌。若属寒证加附子一枚，口渴加栝蒌一两，呕吐加橘皮一两，疼痛加当归一两。张仲景原方中使用大枣十二枚。
栝蒌根汤：治疗下痢冷热邪气相冲，脏腑气机不和顺，原本下元虚损，津液消耗减少，口干咽燥，经常想喝水。起初人们不允许患者饮水，导致毒邪更盛，烦躁加重，应立即给予汤饮救治，不可让口渴发展到过度程度以止渴。
药材组成：栝蒌根、甘草、白茯苓各半两。
用法：将上述药材粗捣筛。每次服用五钱，加水一盏半，麦门冬一分（去心），枣（此处原文可能有缺漏或指代不明，依原文直译），共同煎煮，滤去药渣，空腹温服。（注：原文此处描述较为简略，仅列出药材及“止渴”功效，未详述具体煎服法细节，但结合上下文通常隐含常规煎服）。
麦门冬汤：治疗痢疾兼有口渴。
药材组成：麦门冬一两半、乌梅七枚。
用法：将药材切碎，用水二盏，煎取一盏药液，滤去药渣，分两次温服，空腹及晚饭后服用。
Dysentery that fails to heal will weaken the intestines and stomach, deplete body fluids (Jin Ye), and prevent them from moistening the throat upwards. Consequently, the mouth and tongue become scorched and dry, causing internal restlessness and prompting excessive drinking.
Excessive drinking leads to an overflow of dampness, resulting in flaccid swelling of the muscles, while the dysentery remains unhealed.
Prescriptions:
Renshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction): Treats diarrhea and dysentery accompanied by deficiency-heat in the upper jiao, restlessness, thirst with a desire to drink, oral ulcers, inability to eat, and physical exhaustion.
Ingredients: Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Baifuling (Poria), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), Gegen (Puerariae Radix), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Zhiziren (Gardeniae Semen), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Chenjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Helile (Chebulae Fructus) each 1 liang; Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) 2 liang; Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 0.5 liang.
Usage: Coarsely grind and sieve the ingredients. Take 4 qian per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, 3 slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), and 1 he of Chenmi (aged rice). Decoct until 0.7 portion remains, strain, and take warm on an empty stomach.
Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction): Treats diarrhea and dysentery causing deficiency-dryness in the viscera and bowels, with incessant restlessness and thirst.
Ingredients: Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) 3 fen; Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Nüwei (Polygoni Multiflori Caulis), Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix) each 0.5 liang; Jupi (Ulmaceae Bark) 3 fen; Baifuling (Poria) 0.5 liang; Danzhuyeh (Bambusae Folium) 3 fen.
Usage: Grind and sieve into coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until 1 zhan remains, strain, and take warm on an empty stomach.
Shigao Wan (Gypsum Pill): Treats persistent thirst after dysentery.
Ingredients: Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix), Fuling (Poria), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Gougigenpi (Lycii Cortex), Baifuling (Poria) each 1 liang; Hufen (Cerussa) 0.5 liang.
Usage: Grind into powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 30 pills per dose, swallow with rice water on an empty stomach, and repeat before evening meal. Alternatively, prepare as a powder; taking approximately 2 qian mixed with warm water is also acceptable.
Wumei Tang (Mume Decoction): Treats chronic dysentery where food intake immediately triggers vomiting, and unbearable restlessness and thirst.
Ingredients: Wumeirou (Fructus Mume) 0.5 liang; Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) 3 fen; Baifuling (Poria), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Longgu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi et Scapulae) each 0.5 liang; Helile (Chebulae Fructus) 3 fen; Nongpu (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) 1 liang; Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini) 0.5 liang.
Usage: Coarsely grind and sieve. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 zhan of water and 3 slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma). Decoct until 0.7 portion remains, strain, and take warm on an empty stomach. Repeat at noon.
Xiexin Tang (Drain the Epigastrium Decoction): Treats sudden onset of dysenteric heat, dry lips and mouth, regurgitation with a desire to drink.
Ingredients: Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix), Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) each 1 liang.
Usage: Sieve evenly. Add 6 sheng of water, boil down to 2 sheng, and divide into three doses.
This prescription is also used for dysentery in the elderly and children, characterized by undigested food and water, borborygmus in the abdomen, epigastric fullness and stuffiness, and dry retching. In another variation, omit Jupi and Gualou. If cold predominates, add one Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Preparata Radix); if thirsty, add 1 liang of Gualou; if vomiting, add 1 liang of Jupi; if painful, add 1 liang of Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix). Zhang Zhongjing's original formula uses twelve Dazao (Ziziphi Jujubae Fructus).
Gualougen Tang (Trichosanthes Root Decoction): Treats dysentery caused by the clash of cold and heat, disharmony of visceral qi, underlying deficiency of the lower jiao, depletion of body fluids, dry mouth and throat, and constant desire to drink water. Initially, patients are forbidden to drink, which exacerbates toxic heat and worsens restlessness. It is imperative to provide decoctions promptly to rescue the condition, preventing excessive dehydration to quench thirst.
Ingredients: Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Baifuling (Poria) each 0.5 liang.
Usage: Coarsely grind and sieve. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, 1 fen of Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Tuber) (decored), and dates. Decoct, strain, and take warm on an empty stomach.
Maimendong Tang (Ophiopogon Decoction): Treats dysentery complicated by thirst.
Ingredients: Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Tuber) 1.5 liang; Wumei (Fructus Mume) 7 pieces.
Usage: Cut into small pieces. Add 2 zhan of water, decoct until 1 zhan remains, strain, and divide into two warm doses. Take on an empty stomach and before the evening meal.
Chenmi Tang (Aged Rice Decoction): Treats extreme thirst with incessant drinking following vomiting and dysentery.
Usage: Take 2 he of Chenlinmi (aged barn rice), wash clean, add 2 zhan of water, decoct until 1 zhan remains, strain, and take warm on an empty stomach.
Treatment for Thirst After Dysentery:
Usage: Take 2 he of Nuomi (Glutinous Rice), grind together with 1.5 zhan of water, squeeze out the juice, and take in one dose on an empty stomach.