（附论）
夫白睛肿胀。肝肺之候也。目者肝之候。白睛肺气之所主也。若肺气壅滞。肝经不利。
为邪热所乘。不得宣泄。则毒瓦斯上攻于目。故白睛肿起。或疼痛也。治宜先利脏腑。外敷胁
肿药。及镰去恶血。无不瘥也。
龙木论云。暴风客热外障。此眼初患之时。忽然白睛肿起。却覆乌睛。红肿。或痒或痛。
泪
泻肺汤。补肝散。披锑出血。后点抽风散立效。
歌曰。白睛胀起覆乌睛。睑肿还痒痛还生。此是暴风兼客热。来浸肺脏岂为宁。泻汤之
内加风药。丸散临时大妙名。披锑瘀血应须尽。抽风膏药眼中烹。
大黄丸（出圣济总录）治白眼肿胀不可忍。
大黄（锉炒） 蔓荆子（去皮） 丹参 土瓜根（锉） 吴蓝 防风（去叉） 甘菊花 秦
皮
（去粗皮） 黄连（去须） 葳蕤 陈橘皮（去白焙） 前胡（去芦头各一两） 决明子（微
炒）
冬瓜子 青葙子 地肤子 车前子（各一两） 上为末。炼蜜和丸。如梧桐子大。每服三十
丸。
食前
羚羊角散（出圣惠方）治眼白睛肿胀。日夜疼痛。心胸多闷。
羚羊角（屑） 郁李仁（去皮） 汉防己 川大黄（锉各一两） 赤茯苓（三两） 木
通（三分）
防
根白皮
（
中盏
。煎至六分。去滓。食后临卧温服之。
桑白皮散（出圣惠方）治肺气壅塞。毒热上攻睛目。白睛肿胀。日夜疼痛。
心
胸烦闷。
桑白皮 玄参 枳壳（去瓤麸炒） 川麻 杏仁（去皮尖炒） 旋复花（去枝梗） 黄
芩防风（
咀。每服四钱
桑根白皮散（出圣惠方）治眼忽然白睛肿胀。如水泡者。
桑根白皮 木通（各锉） 犀角屑 黄芩 旋复花 茯神 川大黄（锉碎炒） 玄参（各
一两） 甘菊花（半两） 甘草（一分炙赤锉） 上 咀。每服三钱。以水一盏。煎至六分。
去滓。食
犀角汤（出圣济总录）治肝肺风热。白睛肿胀。侵盖黑睛。
车前子散（出圣惠方）治眼白睛肿胀。衰瞳仁。
车前子 赤茯苓 玄参 防风（去芦头） 黄芩 川大黄（锉碎微炒） 犀角屑 甘草
（炙微赤锉） 栀子仁（各半两） 上 咀。每服三钱。以水一盏。煎至六分。去滓。于食
后温服。
本汤（一名补肝汤）治暴风客热外侵。白睛肿胀。
车前子丸（出圣惠方）治眼白睛肿胀。
车前子 决明子 栀子仁 黄连（去须） 牵牛子（微炒） 羚羊角屑 木通（锉各一
两） 川大黄（一两半锉微炒） 上为末。以牛胆汁和丸。如梧桐子大。每于食后。以温水
送下三十丸。
洗眼秦皮汤（出圣惠方）治眼白睛肿起。赤碜痛痒。
秦皮（去粗皮） 桑白皮 葳蕤（各一两） 玄参 川大黄 栀子仁 青盐（汤澄下各
半两） 竹叶（一握） 上 咀。以水二大盏。煎至一盏半。入盐滤去滓。微热淋洗。冷即
再暖之。
玄参丸（出圣惠方）治肺脏积热。白睛肿胀。遮盖瞳仁。开张不得。赤涩疼
痛。
玄参 羚羊角 川升麻 汉防己 杏仁（汤浸去皮尖双仁麸炒黄） 沙参（去芦头） 车
前子 桑白皮（锉） 栀子仁（各一两） 火麻仁 川升麻（锉碎微炒各一两半） 上为末。
炼蜜为丸。如梧桐子大。食后以温水下二十丸。临卧时再服。
羚羊角汤（出圣济总录）治肝肺热毒攻眼。白睛肿起。
泻肺汤（出龙木论）治暴风客热外障。白睛肿胀。
羌活 黄芩 黑参（各一两半） 桔梗 大黄 地骨皮 芒硝（各一两） 上为末。以
水一盏。散一钱。煎至五分。食后温服。
抽风煎（出龙木论）治暴风客热外障。白睛肿胀。
黄柏 秦皮 秦艽 防风 细辛（各一两） 黄连 木香（各半两） 上为末。以水二
盏。浸一宿。去滓。入龙脑少许。蜜四两。同煎为膏。点眼。
大青散（出圣惠方）治肝肺大热。白眼肿胀。盖覆瞳仁。疼痛。
川大黄（碎锉微炒） 大青 羚羊角屑 栀子仁 桑白皮（锉各一两） 上 咀。每服
三钱。水一中盏。煎至五分。去滓。入生地黄汁半合。服之。日三四服。一方有甘草。
朱砂煎（出圣惠方）治眼白睛肿起。赤涩疼痛。
朱砂（细研） 杏仁（汤浸去皮） 青盐（各一分） 马牙硝（细研） 黄连（各半两
末） 上捣匀绵裹。用雪水三合。浸一宿。入瓷盒中。铜箸点少许。
大黄散（出圣济总录）治肝肺大热。白睛肿胀。盖覆瞳仁疼痛。
川大黄（锉炒碎） 黄连 羚羊角屑（各一两） 上 咀。每服三钱。水一盏。煎至六
分。去
贴协方（出圣惠方）\x治眼白睛肿胀。赤涩热痛。
川大黄 玄参 川朴硝（各一两） 上为细末。以生地黄汁。调匀令稠。摊于绵上。贴
之下睑。
【附论】
白睛肿胀，是肝肺病变的征候。眼睛是肝脏的外候（反映），白睛由肺气所主管。如果肺气壅滞不畅，肝经气血不利，被邪热侵袭，导致毒热之气无法宣泄，就会向上攻冲眼部，因此出现白睛肿胀，或者伴有疼痛。治疗应当先通利脏腑，外用敷贴胁肿药物，并用镰刀刺破排出恶血，没有不痊愈的。
《龙木论》说：暴风客热外障，这种眼病在初发时，突然白睛肿胀，甚至覆盖住黑睛（乌睛），表现为红肿，或者瘙痒或者疼痛，流泪不止。可用泻肺汤、补肝散，进行披针放血（披锑出血），之后点用抽风散，立即见效。
歌诀道：白睛胀起覆盖黑睛，眼睑肿胀又痒痛还生。这是暴风兼夹客热之邪，侵犯肺脏怎么能够安宁？泻肺汤中加入祛风药物，丸剂散剂临时选用大妙之名。披针放出瘀血应当排尽，抽风膏药点在眼中烹煮（意指煎制后使用）。
大黄丸（出自《圣济总录》）治疗白眼肿胀难以忍受。
药材：大黄（锉碎炒制）、蔓荆子（去皮）、丹参、土瓜根（锉碎）、吴蓝、防风（去叉）、甘菊花、秦皮（去粗皮）、黄连（去须）、葳蕤、陈橘皮（去白焙干）、前胡（去芦头，各一两）、决明子（微炒）、冬瓜子、青葙子、地肤子、车前子（各一两）。以上药物研为细末，炼蜜调和制成丸药，如梧桐子大小。每次服用三十丸，饭前服用。
羚羊角散（出自《圣惠方》）治疗眼白睛肿胀，日夜疼痛，心胸烦闷。
药材：羚羊角（镑屑）、郁李仁（去皮）、汉防己、川大黄（锉碎，各一两）、赤茯苓（三两）、木通（三分）、防根白皮（中盏水，煎至六分，去渣，食后临睡前温服）。
桑白皮散（出自《圣惠方》）治疗肺气壅塞，毒热上攻睛目，白睛肿胀，日夜疼痛，心胸烦闷。
药材：桑白皮、玄参、枳壳（去瓤麸炒）、川麻（疑为麻黄或相关药，原文如此）、杏仁（去皮尖炒）、旋复花（去枝梗）、黄芩、防风（咀碎，每服四钱）。
桑根白皮散（出自《圣惠方》）治疗眼忽然白睛肿胀，像水泡一样。
药材：桑根白皮、木通（各锉碎）、犀角屑、黄芩、旋复花、茯神、川大黄（锉碎炒）、玄参（各一两）、甘菊花（半两）、甘草（一分炙赤锉）。以上药物咀碎，每服三钱，用水一盏，煎至六分，去渣，食后服用。
犀角汤（出自《圣济总录》）治疗肝肺风热，白睛肿胀，侵盖黑睛。
车前子散（出自《圣惠方》）治疗眼白睛肿胀，遮蔽瞳仁。
药材：车前子、赤茯苓、玄参、防风（去芦头）、黄芩、川大黄（锉碎微炒）、犀角屑、甘草（炙微赤锉）、栀子仁（各半两）。以上药物咀碎，每服三钱，用水一盏，煎至六分，去渣，于食后温服。
车前子丸（出自《圣惠方》）治疗眼白睛肿胀。
药材：车前子、决明子、栀子仁、黄连（去须）、牵牛子（微炒）、羚羊角屑、木通（锉，各一两）、川大黄（一两半锉微炒）。以上研为细末，以牛胆汁和丸，如梧桐子大小。每次于食后，以温水送下三十丸。
洗眼秦皮汤（出自《圣惠方》）治疗眼白睛肿起，红涩痛痒。
药材：秦皮（去粗皮）、桑白皮、葳蕤（各一两）、玄参、川大黄、栀子仁、青盐（汤澄下各半两）、竹叶（一握）。以上药物咀碎，用水二大盏，煎至一盏半，入盐滤去渣，微热淋洗，冷了就再加热。
玄参丸（出自《圣惠方》）治疗肺脏积热，白睛肿胀，遮盖瞳仁，开张不得，赤涩疼痛。
药材：玄参、羚羊角、川升麻、汉防己、杏仁（汤浸去皮尖双仁麸炒黄）、沙参（去芦头）、车前子、桑白皮（锉）、栀子仁（各一两）、火麻仁、川升麻（锉碎微炒各一两半）。以上研为细末，炼蜜为丸，如梧桐子大小，食后以温水下二十丸，临卧时再服。
泻肺汤（出自《龙木论》）治疗暴风客热外障，白睛肿胀。
药材：羌活、黄芩、黑参（各一两半）、桔梗、大黄、地骨皮、芒硝（各一两）。以上研为细末，用水一盏，散一钱，煎至五分，食后温服。
抽风煎（出自《龙木论》）治疗暴风客热外障，白睛肿胀。
药材：黄柏、秦皮、秦艽、防风、细辛（各一两）、黄连、木香（各半两）。以上研为细末，用水二盏，浸泡一夜，去渣，入龙脑少许，蜜四两，同煎为膏，点眼。
大青散（出自《圣惠方》）治疗肝肺大热，白眼肿胀，盖覆瞳仁，疼痛。
药材：川大黄（碎锉微炒）、大青、羚羊角屑、栀子仁、桑白皮（锉，各一两）。以上咀碎，每服三钱，水一中盏，煎至五分，去渣，入生地黄汁半合，服之，日三四服。一方有甘草。
朱砂煎（出自《圣惠方》）治疗眼白睛肿起，赤涩疼痛。
药材：朱砂（细研）、杏仁（汤浸去皮）、青盐（各一分）、马牙硝（细研）、黄连（各半两末）。以上捣匀绵裹，用雪水三合，浸一宿，入瓷盒中，铜箸点少许。
大黄散（出自《圣济总录》）治疗肝肺大热，白睛肿胀，盖覆瞳仁疼痛。
药材：川大黄（锉炒碎）、黄连、羚羊角屑（各一两）。以上咀碎，每服三钱，水一盏，煎至六分，去渣。
贴协方（出自《圣惠方》）治疗眼白睛肿胀，赤涩热痛。
药材：川大黄、玄参、川朴硝（各一两）。以上为细末，以生地黄汁调匀令稠，摊于绵上，贴之下睑。
[Attached Discussion]
Swelling of the white sclera (Bai Jing) is a manifestation of Liver and Lung disorders. The eyes are the external manifestation of the Liver, while the white sclera is governed by Lung Qi. If Lung Qi becomes stagnant and obstructed, and the Liver meridian fails to circulate smoothly, pathogenic heat may invade. Unable to vent or dissipate, toxic heat attacks upward to the eyes, causing swelling of the white sclera, possibly accompanied by pain. Treatment should first focus on promoting the free flow of Zang-Fu organs, applying external remedies for swelling, and using a lancet to drain bad blood; recovery is assured.
The *Longmu Lun* states: Regarding "External Obstruction due to Violent Wind and Guest Heat," when this eye disease first occurs, the white sclera suddenly swells, potentially covering the black pupil (Wu Jing). It presents with redness and swelling, itching or pain, and excessive tearing. Use Xie Fei Tang (Draining Lung Decoction), Bu Gan San (Tonifying Liver Powder), perform scarification bleeding (Pi Ti Chu Xue), and subsequently apply Chou Feng San (Wind-Extracting Powder) for immediate effect.
A verse states: White sclera swells up covering the black pupil, eyelids swell yet itch and pain arise. This is violent wind combined with guest heat, invading the Lung organ, how can peace be maintained? Add wind-expelling herbs within Xie Fei Tang, pills and powders chosen timely are of great merit. Scarified stasis blood must be fully drained, Chou Feng ointment cooked in the eye [applied].
Da Huang Wan (Cassia Twig Pill, from *Shengji Zonglu*) treats unbearable swelling of the white sclera.
Ingredients: Da Huang (Cassiae Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and stir-fried), Man Jing Zi (Vitex Fruit), Dan Shen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Tu Gua Gen (Trichosanthes Root), Wu Lan (Isatidis Folium), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristled), Gan Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Qin Pi (Fraxini Cortex, de-rugged), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-filamentous), Wei Yu (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), Chen Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, de-albedo and baked), Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix, de-radicle, each 1 liang), Jue Ming Zi (Cassiae Semen, slightly stir-fried), Dong Gua Zi (Benincasae Semen), Qing Xiang Zi (Celosiae Semen), Di Fu Zi (Kochiae Fructus), Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen, each 1 liang). Grind into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills before meals.
Ling Yang Jiao San (Antelope Horn Powder, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats swelling of the white sclera, pain day and night, and chest distress.
Ingredients: Ling Yang Jiao (Saiga Tatarica Cornu, shaved), Yu Li Ren (Pruni Semen), Han Fang Ji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix), Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped, each 1 liang), Chi Fu Ling (Poria with Red Heart, 3 liang), Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis, 3 fen), Fang Gen Bai Pi (Root Bark of Fangji, decocted with one cup water until six parts remain, strain, take warm after meals and before sleep).
Sang Bai Pi San (Mulberry Root Bark Powder, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats Lung Qi obstruction, toxic heat attacking the eyes, swelling of the white sclera, pain day and night, and chest irritability.
Ingredients: Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus, de-pulp and bran-fried), Chuan Ma [likely Mahuang or similar], Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, de-skin and tip, stir-fried), Xuan Fu Hua (Inulae Flos, de-stem), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix). Chop coarsely, take 4 qian per dose.
Sang Gen Bai Pi San (Mulberry Root Bark Powder, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats sudden swelling of the white sclera resembling water blisters.
Ingredients: Sang Gen Bai Pi (Mori Cortex), Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis, chopped), Xi Jiao Jie (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Xuan Fu Hua (Inulae Flos), Fu Shen (Poria with Hostwood), Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped, crushed, and stir-fried), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix, each 1 liang), Gan Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Flos, 0.5 liang), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, stir-baked until red and chopped, 1 fen). Chop coarsely, take 3 qian per dose, decoct with one cup water until six parts remain, strain, take after meals.
Xi Jiao Tang (Rhino Horn Decoction, from *Shengji Zonglu*) treats Liver-Lung wind-heat, swelling of the white sclera covering the black pupil.
Che Qian Zi San (Plantago Seed Powder, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats swelling of the white sclera obscuring the pupil.
Ingredients: Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen), Chi Fu Ling (Poria with Red Heart), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-radicle), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped, crushed, and slightly stir-fried), Xi Jiao Jie (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, stir-baked until red and chopped), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, each 0.5 liang). Chop coarsely, take 3 qian per dose, decoct with one cup water until six parts remain, strain, take warm after meals.
Ben Tang (also known as Bu Gan Tang / Tonifying Liver Decoction) treats external invasion of violent wind and guest heat, swelling of the white sclera.
Che Qian Zi Wan (Plantago Seed Pill, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats swelling of the white sclera.
Ingredients: Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen), Jue Ming Zi (Cassiae Semen), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Semen), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-filamentous), Qian Niu Zi (Pharbitidis Semen, slightly stir-fried), Ling Yang Jiao Jie (Saiga Tatarica Cornu, shaved), Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis, chopped, each 1 liang), Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1.5 liang, chopped, slightly stir-fried). Grind into fine powder, mix with ox bile to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 30 pills with warm water after meals.
Xi Yan Qin Pi Tang (Evodia Bark Eye-Washing Decoction, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats swelling of the white sclera, redness, astringency, pain, and itching.
Ingredients: Qin Pi (Fraxini Cortex, de-rugged), Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex), Wei Yu (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, each 1 liang), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Semen), Qing Yan (Halitum, clarified in water, each 0.5 liang), Zhu Ye (Bambusae Folium, one handful). Chop coarsely, decoct with two large cups water until one and a half cups remain, add salt, filter dregs, wash eyes while slightly warm; re-warm if cooled.
Xuan Shen Wan (Scrophularia Pill, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats accumulated heat in the Lung, swelling of the white sclera covering the pupil, inability to open eyes fully, redness, astringency, and pain.
Ingredients: Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Ling Yang Jiao (Saiga Tatarica Cornu), Chuan Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Han Fang Ji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, soaked in water, de-skin and tip, double-kernel, bran-fried until yellow), Sha Shen (Glehniae Radix or Adenophorae Radix, de-radicle), Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen), Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex, chopped), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, each 1 liang), Huo Ma Ren (Cannabis Semen), Chuan Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, chopped, crushed, and slightly stir-fried, each 1.5 liang). Grind into fine powder, make pills with refined honey the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills with warm water after meals, and another dose before sleep.
Ling Yang Jiao Tang (Antelope Horn Decoction, from *Shengji Zonglu*) treats Liver-Lung heat-toxin attacking the eyes, swelling of the white sclera.
Xie Fei Tang (Draining Lung Decoction, from *Longmu Lun*) treats external obstruction due to violent wind and guest heat, swelling of the white sclera.
Ingredients: Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Hei Shen [likely Xuan Shen or similar, 1.5 liang each], Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex), Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, each 1 liang). Grind into fine powder, take 1 qian powder with one cup water, decoct until five parts remain, take warm after meals.
Chou Feng Jian (Wind-Extracting Syrup, from *Longmu Lun*) treats external obstruction due to violent wind and guest heat, swelling of the white sclera.
Ingredients: Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex), Qin Pi (Fraxini Cortex), Qin Jiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, each 1 liang), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix, each 0.5 liang). Grind into fine powder, soak in two cups water overnight, strain, add a little Long Nao (Borneolum Syntheticum) and 4 liang honey, decoct together into an ointment for eye application.
Da Qing San (Indigo Powder, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats severe Liver-Lung heat, swelling of the white sclera covering the pupil, and pain.
Ingredients: Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, crushed, chopped, and slightly stir-fried), Da Qing (Indigotidis Folium), Ling Yang Jiao Jie (Saiga Tatarica Cornu, shaved), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Semen), Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex, chopped, each 1 liang). Chop coarsely, take 3 qian per dose, decoct with one medium cup water until five parts remain, strain, add 0.5 he of fresh Sheng Di Huang juice (Rehmanniae Radix), take three to four times daily. One variation includes Gan Cao.
Zhu Sha Jian (Cinnabar Syrup, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats swelling of the white sclera, redness, astringency, and pain.
Ingredients: Zhu Sha (Cinnabaris, finely ground), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, soaked in water, de-skin), Qing Yan (Halitum, each 1 fen), Ma Ya Xiao (Natrii Sulfas crystallized, finely ground), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, each 0.5 liang, ground). Pound evenly, wrap in cotton, soak in three he of snow water overnight, place in a porcelain box, dip copper chopsticks into a small amount for application.
Da Huang San (Cassia Powder, from *Shengji Zonglu*) treats severe Liver-Lung heat, swelling of the white sclera covering the pupil with pain.
Ingredients: Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped, stir-fried, and crushed), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Ling Yang Jiao Jie (Saiga Tatarica Cornu, shaved, each 1 liang). Chop coarsely, take 3 qian per dose, decoct with one cup water until six parts remain, strain.
Tie Xie Fang (Adhesion Formula, from *Shenghui Fang*) treats swelling of the white sclera, redness, astringency, heat, and pain.
Ingredients: Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Chuan Po Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, each 1 liang). Grind into fine powder, mix with fresh Sheng Di Huang juice (Rehmanniae Radix) to a thick consistency, spread on cotton, and apply to the lower eyelid.