酸温，无毒。
发明 木瓜酸收下降，所主霍乱转筋吐利香港脚，皆取收摄脾胃之湿热，非肝病也。转筋
虽属风木行脾，实由湿热或寒湿之邪袭伤脾胃所致，用此理脾而伐肝也。多食木瓜损齿及骨
，皆伐肝之明验。患头风人，以鲜者放枕边引散肝风，日久渐安。凡腰膝无力，由于精血虚
阴不足者，及脾胃有积滞者，皆不利于酸收也。
即棠棣子，俗作山查
甘苦微酸温，无毒，去核则不发热。童便浸姜汁拌炒黑，去积血甚捷。
发明 山楂入足阳明、太阴、厥阴三经血分，大能克化饮食。《本经》言其酸冷，然其
功长于消肉积，行滞血，性温可知。若胃中无食积，脾虚不能运化，不思饮食者服之，反克
伐脾胃生发之气，良非所宜。炒黑治产后儿枕作痛，亦以其能消血也。今痢疾初起多积垢者
，用姜汁炒；治偏坠疝气为散酒服，不过半月效，用核尤捷。若外感风寒兼伤饮食，举世以
发表消导并进，中气实者幸而获痊，虚者表邪乘虚陷入于腑而生内变者多矣。东鲁棠 子酒
后嚼数颗良，与糖作膏尤为精品。
俗名频婆
甘温无毒。
发明 柰生北地，与南方林檎同类异种，虽有和脾之能，多食令人肺壅胪胀，病患尤当
忌食。
俗名花红
涩温无毒。
发明 林檎虽不伤脾，多食令人发热，以其味涩性温也。病患每好食此多致复发，或生
痰涎而为咳逆，壅闭气道使然。其核食之，烦心助火可知。
木瓜：味酸，性温，无毒。
【发明】木瓜味酸具有收敛、气机下降的特性，其所主治的霍乱转筋、呕吐腹泻以及香港脚（足部肿痛），都是取其收敛摄纳脾胃中湿热之邪的作用，并非治疗肝病。转筋虽然属于风木之气影响脾土，但实际上是由湿热或寒湿之邪侵袭损伤脾胃所致，使用木瓜是为了调理脾脏从而制约肝脏（即“培土抑木”）。多吃木瓜会损害牙齿和骨骼，这是其克制肝气的明显证据。患有头风病的人，将新鲜的木瓜放在枕边以引散肝风，久而久之会逐渐安宁。凡是腰膝无力，由于精血亏虚、阴液不足引起的，以及脾胃中有积滞的人，都不适合使用这种酸收性质的药物。
林檎（即棠棣子，俗称山楂）：味甘、苦，微酸，性温，无毒，去核后食用不会引起发热。用童便浸泡，姜汁拌炒至黑色，去除积血的效果非常迅速。
【发明】山楂入足阳明胃经、足太阴脾经、足厥阴肝经的血分，具有很强的消化饮食积滞的作用。《神农本草经》说它味酸冷，然而它的功效长于消除肉食积滞、行散瘀血，由此可知其性温。如果胃中没有食积，脾虚不能运化，导致不思饮食的人服用它，反而会克伐脾胃生发之气，这是非常不适宜的。炒黑后可用于治疗产后因儿枕（子宫内残留瘀血块）引起的疼痛，也是因为它能消散瘀血。如今痢疾初起多伴有积垢者，用姜汁炒制；治疗偏坠疝气制成散剂酒服，不过半个月见效，使用其果核效果尤其快捷。如果是外感风寒兼有饮食积滞，世人通常采用解表与消导并用的方法，中气充实的人侥幸痊愈，但中气虚弱的人则容易使表邪乘虚陷入脏腑而产生内部病变。东鲁地区的棠棣子酒后咀嚼几颗很好，与糖制成膏方更是精品。
柰（俗名频婆）：味甘，性温，无毒。
【发明】柰生长在北方，与南方的林檎同类但不同种，虽然具有调和脾胃的功能，但多吃会导致肺气壅塞、胸腹胀满，病人尤其应当忌食。
林檎（俗名花红）：味涩，性温，无毒。
【发明】林檎虽然不伤脾，但多吃会让人发热，因为其味道涩、性质温。病人往往喜欢吃这个，容易导致疾病复发，或者产生痰涎而引起咳嗽气逆，这是因为气机壅闭所致。其果核食用后，可知会烦扰心神、助长火气。
**Papaya (Chaenomeles speciosa / Chaenomelis Fructus)**: Sour in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic.
[Invention/Commentary] Papaya is sour and astringent, with a descending qi movement. The conditions it treats—such as cholera-like disorder with muscle cramps, vomiting, diarrhea, and Hong Kong foot (podagra/swelling of the feet)—derive their efficacy from its ability to gather and restrain damp-heat in the Spleen and Stomach; this is not for treating Liver diseases. Although muscle cramps are associated with Wind-Wood affecting the Spleen, they are actually caused by damp-heat or cold-damp pathogens invading and damaging the Spleen and Stomach. Using Papaya regulates the Spleen to subdue the Liver (i.e., strengthening Earth to control Wood). Excessive consumption damages teeth and bones, which is clear evidence of its Liver-subduing nature. For those suffering from Head Wind (headache due to wind), placing fresh Papaya by the pillow helps dissipate Liver Wind, leading to gradual relief over time. For cases of weakness in the waist and knees due to deficiency of essence and blood or Yin insufficiency, as well as for those with food stagnation in the Spleen and Stomach, this sour-astringent property is contraindicated.
**Apple (Malus asiatica / Crataegi Fructus - Note: Text refers to Hawthorn/Shanzha here despite naming Lin Qin/Tangdi historically, context implies Shanzha/Hawthorn properties like digestion and blood stasis resolution. However, strictly translating the text provided which equates Tangdi with Shanzha):** Sweet, bitter, slightly sour, warm in nature, non-toxic. Removing the core prevents generating heat. Soaking in child's urine and stir-frying with ginger juice until black removes accumulated blood very rapidly.
[Invention/Commentary] Hawthorn enters the Blood aspect of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian, and Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. It has a strong capacity to digest food accumulation. *Shennong Bencao Jing* states it is sour and cold; however, since its strength lies in eliminating meat accumulation and moving stagnant blood, its warm nature can be inferred. If taken by individuals without food accumulation in the Stomach, but with Spleen deficiency failing to transform and transport, resulting in loss of appetite, it will instead attack the vitalizing Qi of the Spleen and Stomach, which is highly inappropriate. Stir-fried until black, it treats postpartum pain caused by "Child Pillow" (lochia retention) because it dissolves blood stasis. Currently, for early-stage dysentery accompanied by fecal impaction, it is stir-fried with ginger juice; for treating inguinal hernia (pian zhui), it is made into a powder and taken with wine, showing effects within half a month, with the seeds being particularly effective. In cases of external contraction of Wind-Cold combined with dietary injury, the world generally combines exterior-releasing and digestion-promoting methods. Those with solid Middle Qi may luckily recover, but those with deficient Middle Qi often suffer from exterior pathogens sinking into the Fu organs due to deficiency, causing internal complications. Eating several pieces of Donglu Tangzi after drinking alcohol is beneficial; making it into a paste with sugar is especially excellent.
**Na (Malus prunifolia / Na Fruit)**: Commonly known as Pinpo. Sweet in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic.
[Invention/Commentary] Na grows in the North and is of the same category but different species as the Southern Lin Qin. Although it has the ability to harmonize the Spleen, excessive consumption causes Lung congestion and abdominal distension; patients should particularly avoid eating it.
**Lin Qin (Malus spectabilis / Chinese Flowering Crabapple)**: Commonly known as Hua Hong. Astringent in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic.
[Invention/Commentary] Although Lin Qin does not damage the Spleen, excessive consumption causes fever due to its astringent taste and warm nature. Patients who enjoy eating it often experience disease recurrence or generate phlegm-saliva leading to cough and counterflow qi, caused by the obstruction of the airway. Its seeds, when consumed, are known to disturb the Heart-Mind and assist Fire.