（本经下品）
【气味】酸平，无毒。
【主治】主大腹水肿，头面、四肢浮肿，利小便水道。
【核】曰∶郁李，即棠埭。诗云∶唐埭、尝埭。山海经作 。所在有之，树高六七尺，
花叶枝干并似李，惟子小若樱桃，味甘酸，臭香而少涩。一种赤郁李，叶如刺榆，其子正赤
而小，五月始熟，关西、天水、陇西多有之。汴洛一种，枝茎作长条，花极繁密而多叶，亦
谓之郁李，不堪入药也。修事，汤浸去皮尖，用生蜜浸一宿，取出阴干，研如膏用。
【 】曰∶郁李花极繁，文之盛者似之。其香颇浓，故芬芳之气，通称馥郁也。凡木之
花，既开不阖，此独不然。诗云∶唐埭之花，偏其反而，反而从阖也；又尝埭之花，鄂不
，鄂萼，不附也，萼附相承，最相亲尔，故又曰彼尔维何。维尝之花，其义见矣。诗疏云
∶唐埭， 李也，一名雀梅，一名夫移，又云车下李，其叶或赤或白，六月中熟，大如李子
。花品序云∶雒阳人不甚惜，谓之果子花，大略俗情以少贵，不足较也。
郁李味酸气平，其花反而后阖，此阖用仍开，呈开仍阖之象也。当入厥阴肝，盖肝主疏
泄前后阴，如失疏泄，则阖用之开机废，以致水肿大腹，及面目四肢浮肿。郁李功利水道小
便，使阖用呈开，则疏泄仍如令矣。
【神农本草经·下品】
【气味】味酸，性平，无毒。
【主治】主治大腹水肿，头面及四肢浮肿，通利小便水道。
【考证】曰：郁李，就是棠埭（一种李树）。《诗经》中说：唐埭、尝埭。《山海经》写作“椹”。各地都有生长，树高六七尺，花、叶、枝、干都和李树相似，只是果实小得像樱桃一样，味道甘甜带酸，气味香而略带涩味。有一种赤郁李，叶子像刺榆，果实正红色且小，五月才成熟，关西、天水、陇西等地多有出产。汴京、洛阳有一种，枝条茎干呈长条状，花朵极其繁密且叶片多，也称为郁李，但不适合入药。炮制方法：用汤水浸泡后去皮和核，用生蜜浸泡一夜，取出阴干，研磨成膏使用。
【集解】曰：郁李花开得极其繁盛，文采华丽者与之相似。它的香气很浓，所以芬芳的气味，通称为馥郁。一般树木的花，开放后就不闭合，唯独郁李不是这样。《诗经》说：“唐埭之花，偏其反而”，意思是开合往复；又说“尝埭之花，鄂不韡韡”，鄂即萼，不指附丽，萼片依附相连，最为亲密，所以说“彼尔维何”（那盛开的是什么花呢）。这里指的是尝埭的花，含义已见。《诗经疏》说：唐埭，是椹李，一名雀梅，一名夫移，又称车下李，它的叶子有的红有的白，六月成熟，大小如李子。《花品序》说：洛阳人不太珍惜它，称之为果子花，大体上世俗之情以稀少为贵，不值得计较。
郁李味酸气平，它的花先开后合，这种合用之中仍含开的意象，呈现开与合交替的象数。应当归入厥阴肝经，因为肝主疏泄前后二阴，如果失去疏泄功能，则闭阖机制中的开机废弛，导致大腹水肿，以及面目四肢浮肿。郁李的功效在于通利水道和小便，使闭阖之象呈现开启状态，那么疏泄功能就能恢复正常。
[Shennong Bencao Jing · Lower Grade]
[Flavor and Nature] Sour flavor, neutral nature, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats massive abdominal edema, edema of the head, face, and four limbs, and promotes urination through the water passages.
[Examination] It is stated that: Yu Li (Prunus japonica kernel) is also known as Tang Dai (a type of plum tree). The *Classic of Poetry* mentions: Tang Dai, Chang Dai. The *Classic of Mountains and Seas* writes it as "Zhen". It grows in various places, with trees reaching six or seven chi in height. Its flowers, leaves, branches, and trunks resemble those of the plum tree, but its fruit is small like a cherry, with a sweet and sour taste, fragrant odor, and slight astringency. There is a variety called Red Yu Li, whose leaves resemble those of the thorny elm, with bright red and small fruits that ripen only in May. It is abundant in Guanxi, Tianshui, and Longxi. In Bianjing and Luoyang, there is another variety with long stems, extremely dense flowers, and many leaves, also called Yu Li, but it is unsuitable for medicinal use. Processing method: Soak in hot water, remove the skin and pits, soak in raw honey overnight, take out, dry in the shade, and grind into a paste.
[Collected Explanations] It is stated that: The flowers of Yu Li bloom extremely profusely, resembling those of plants with rich literary elegance. Its fragrance is quite strong, hence its aromatic scent is generally referred to as "Fuyu" (richly fragrant). Generally, the flowers of trees do not close after opening, but Yu Li is different. The *Classic of Poetry* says: "The flowers of Tang Dai flutter back and forth," meaning they open and close repeatedly; it also says: "The flowers of Chang Dai are brilliant," where 'E' refers to calyx, and 'Bu' refers to attachment. The calyces attach to each other, being very intimate, hence it asks, "What is that blooming?" This refers to the flowers of Chang Dai, revealing its meaning. The *Commentary on the Classic of Poetry* states: Tang Dai is Zhen Li, also known as Que Mei, Fu Yi, or Che Xia Li. Its leaves may be red or white, ripening in June, large as plums. The *Order of Flower Varieties* states: People in Luoyang do not value it much, calling it fruit flower. Generally, worldly sentiment values rarity over abundance, which is not worth debating.
Yu Li has a sour flavor and neutral nature. Its flowers open first and then close; this closing function still contains the image of opening, presenting the phenomenon of alternating opening and closing. It should enter the Jueyin Liver meridian, because the Liver governs the shuxie (free flow and discharge) of the anterior and posterior orifices. If shuxie is lost, the starting mechanism of the closing function becomes disabled, leading to massive abdominal edema and edema of the face, eyes, and four limbs. The efficacy of Yu Li lies in promoting water passages and urination, causing the closing image to present an opening state, thereby allowing shuxie to function normally again.