一名火麻。润燥滑肠。
甘平滑利。缓脾润燥。治阳明病胃热。汗多而便难。（汗出愈多、则精枯而大便愈燥、
仲景
治脾病、有麻仁丸、成无己曰∶脾欲缓、急食甘以缓之、麻仁之甘以缓脾、润燥、子和曰∶
诸燥皆三阳病。）宣风利关节。催生而通乳。陈士良食性本草云。多食损血脉。滑精气。痿
阳事。妇人多食。即发带疾。以其滑利下行。走而不守也。肠滑者尤忌。极难
去壳。帛裹置沸汤中。待冷。悬井中一夜。晒干。就新瓦上 去壳。捣用。畏牡蛎、白薇
、茯苓。（卒被毒箭、煮汁饮、赤游丹毒、捣末、水和敷。）
补心。
味甘微寒。养心除烦。利溲止血。（时珍曰∶按素问云∶麦属火、心之谷也、郑玄礼记
注疏
云∶麦有莩、甲属木、许慎云∶麦属金、金旺而生、火旺而死、别录云∶养肝、与郑说合、
孙思邈云∶养心、与素问合、夷考其功、除烦止渴、收汗利溲、止血、皆心之病也、当以素
问为准、仲景治妇人脏躁证、悲伤欲绝、状若神灵、用甘麦汤、大枣十枚、小麦一升、甘草
一两、亦补脾气、圣惠方、小麦饭、治烦热少睡多渴。）面、甘温。（时珍曰∶新麦性热、陈
麦平和。）补虚养气。助五脏。浓肠胃。北方者良。（南方地暖下湿、便能壅气作渴、助湿发
热。市中所卖水面、俱和碱水拌切、不宜食。）秆（烧灰入药、去虎痣、蚀恶肉。）
大麻仁，又名火麻。具有润燥滑肠的功效。
其味甘、性平、质滑利，能缓和脾急、滋润燥结。用于治疗阳明病中的胃热证，表现为汗出过多且大便干结难下。（因为出汗越多，体内津液越枯竭，导致大便越发干燥。）
张仲景在治疗脾病时，使用了麻子仁丸。成无己说：“脾脏喜欢舒缓，急需食用甘味食物来缓和它，麻仁的甘味可以缓和脾急，滋润燥结。”张子和说：“所有的燥证都属于三阳经的病证。”
（大麻仁）能宣散风邪，通利关节；能促进分娩，通畅乳汁。
陈士良在《食性本草》中说：多吃会损伤血脉，滑泄精气，导致阳痿不起。妇女如果多吃，就会引发带下病，因为它性质滑利下行，游走而不固守。肠道滑泄者尤其忌讳。
（大麻仁）极难去壳。用布包裹后放入沸水中，待冷却后，悬挂在井中一夜，晒干，然后在新的瓦片上搓去外壳，捣碎后使用。
（大麻仁）畏牡蛎、白薇、茯苓。（若突然被毒箭射伤，煮汁饮用可解毒；治疗赤游丹毒，捣成粉末，用水调和敷于患处。）
小麦，补心。
味甘，微寒。能养心安神，除烦止渴，通利小便，止血。
李时珍说：据《素问》记载：“麦属火，是心的谷类”，郑玄在《礼记》注疏中说：“麦有芒刺，甲壳属木”，许慎说：“麦属金，金旺则生，火旺则死”，《名医别录》说：“养肝”，这与郑玄的说法相合，孙思邈说：“养心”，这与《素问》相合。考察其功效，除烦止渴、收敛汗液、通利小便、止血，这些都是心脏的病证，应当以《素问》为准。张仲景治疗妇人脏躁证，表现为悲伤欲绝，状如神灵附体，使用甘麦大枣汤，方中大枣十枚，小麦一升，甘草一两，此方也能补益脾气。《圣惠方》记载的小麦饭，用于治疗烦热、睡眠少、口渴多饮。
麦面，味甘，性温。
李时珍说：新麦性热，陈麦性平和。
能补虚益气，助养五脏，增厚肠胃。北方产的质量好。（南方地势低洼潮湿，食用容易壅滞气机引起口渴，助湿发热。市场上售卖的面粉，都是用碱水拌和切制的，不宜食用。）
麦秆，烧成灰入药，可去除虎痣，腐蚀恶肉。
Hemp Seed (Huo Ma), also known as Fire Hemp. It moistens dryness and lubricates the intestines to promote bowel movement.
Its taste is sweet, nature is neutral, and texture is slippery and smooth. It soothes the Spleen and moistens dryness. It treats Stomach Heat in Yangming Disease, characterized by excessive sweating and difficult defecation. (The more one sweats, the more depleted the essence/fluids become, leading to increasingly dry stool.)
Zhang Zhongjing used Mahuang Wan (Cannabis Seed Pill) when treating Spleen diseases. Cheng Wuji stated: "The Spleen desires relaxation; urgently feed it with sweet substances to relax it. The sweetness of Hemp Seed relaxes the Spleen and moistens dryness." Zhang Hezi stated: "All dryness conditions belong to the Three Yang diseases."
It disperses wind and benefits the joints. It facilitates childbirth and promotes lactation.
Chen Shiliang in *Shixing Bencao* (Food Nature Materia Medica) stated: Excessive consumption damages the blood vessels, causes slipping of essence and Qi, and leads to impotence. Women who consume too much may develop leukorrhea, because its nature is slippery and descending, moving freely without holding firm. It is especially contraindicated for those with loose bowels.
(Hemp Seed) is extremely difficult to dehusk. Wrap it in cloth, place it in boiling water, wait until cool, hang it in a well overnight, dry it in the sun, then rub off the husks on a new tile and crush for use.
It is incompatible with Oyster Shell (Muli), Cynanchum Atratum Root (Baiwei), and Poria (Fuling). (In case of sudden poisoning by an arrow, boil and drink the decoction; for Erysipelas spreading like red clouds, crush into powder, mix with water, and apply externally.)
Wheat (Xiao Mai), tonifies the Heart.
Taste is sweet, nature is slightly cold. It nourishes the Heart, relieves irritability, promotes urination, and stops bleeding.
Li Shizhen said: According to *Suwen*: "Wheat belongs to Fire and is the grain of the Heart." Zheng Xuan in his commentary on *Liji* stated: "Wheat has awns/husks, which belong to Wood." Xu Shen stated: "Wheat belongs to Metal; Metal prosperity generates growth, Fire prosperity leads to death." *Bencao Jing Jiuzhu* stated: "Nourishes the Liver," which aligns with Zheng's view. Sun Simiao stated: "Nourishes the Heart," which aligns with *Suwen*. Examining its functions—relieving irritability, quenching thirst, arresting sweating, promoting urination, and stopping bleeding—these are all diseases of the Heart. Therefore, we should follow *Suwen*. Zhang Zhongjing treated Hysteric Syndrome in women, characterized by sorrowful desire to cry and a state resembling spirit possession, using Ganmai Dazao Decoction (Licorice, Wheat, and Jujube Decoction), consisting of Ten Red Dates, One Sheng of Wheat, and One Liang of Licorice. This formula also tonifies Spleen Qi. *Shenghui Fang* recorded Wheat Rice, used to treat irritability, heat, insomnia, and polydipsia.
Wheat Flour (Mian), taste is sweet, nature is warm.
Li Shizhen said: New wheat is hot in nature; aged wheat is neutral and mild.
It tonifies deficiency, nourishes Qi, assists the Five Zang Organs, and thickens the intestines and stomach. Those from the North are superior. (In the South, where the land is low and damp, consumption can easily obstruct Qi flow causing thirst, and aid dampness leading to fever. Commercially sold flour is mixed and cut with alkaline water, making it unsuitable for consumption.)
Wheat Straw (Gan), burned to ash for medicinal use, removes tiger moles and corrodes malignant flesh.