无毒
米秕主通肠开胃下气磨积块作糗食不饥充滑肤体可以颐养（汪颖）【名】米秕糠（李时
珍
曰）秕亦纰薄之义也【质】（食物本草）米秕即精米上细糠也昔陈平食糠核而肥也（李时珍
曰）
糠诸粟谷之壳也其近米之细者为米秕味极甜俭年人多以豆屑或草木花实可食者和剂蒸煮以救
饥云【味】甘【性】平
原本载怀妊妇人爪甲纲目补男女众人爪甲
爪甲主催生下胞衣利小便治尿血及阴阳易病破伤中风去目翳（本草纲目）【名】筋退【地】
（李时珍曰）爪甲者筋之余胆之外候也（灵枢经云）肝应爪爪浓色黄者胆浓爪薄色红者胆薄
爪坚
色青者胆急爪 色赤者胆缓爪直色白者胆直爪恶色黑者胆结【味】甘咸【性】坚【用】（
太上元科云）斩三尸法常以庚辰日去手爪甲午日去足爪每年七月十六日将爪甲烧灰和水服之
三尸九虫皆灭名曰斩三尸○（一云）甲寅日三尸游两手剪去手爪甲甲午日三尸游两足剪去足
爪
甲○（外台秘要云）消除香港脚每寅日割手足甲少侵肉去手香港脚【治】（千金方）治小儿腹胀
用父
母指爪甲烧灰敷乳上饮之○（又方）治妊妇尿血取夫爪甲烧灰酒服○（圣惠方）治胞衣不下
取本
妇手足爪甲烧灰酒服即令有力妇人抱起将竹筒于胸前赶下○（危氏得效方）治飞丝入目刮爪
甲
末同津液点之其丝自聚拔出也○（集简方）治目生花翳用刀刮爪甲细末和乳点之○（简便方）
治
鼻出衄血用刀刮指甲细末吹之即止试验○（又方）治物入目中用左手爪甲刀刮屑末灯草蘸点
翳
上三次即出也【合治】（普济方）治破伤风手足颤掉搐摇不已用人手足指甲烧存性六钱姜制
南
星独活丹砂各二钱共为末分作二服酒下立效○（又方）治破伤中风手足十指甲用香油炒研热
酒
调呷服之汗出便好○（千金方）治阴阳易病用手足爪甲二十片中衣裆一片烧灰分三服温下男
用
女女用男○（圣济录云）治小便尿血用人指甲五分头发一钱半烧研末每服一钱空心温酒下○
（万表积善堂方）治诸痔肿痛蚕茧纳入男子指甲令满外用童子顶发缠裹烧存性研末蜜调敷之
仍
日日吞牛胆制过槐子甚效○（圣惠方）治针刺入肉凡针折入肉及竹木刺者刮人指甲末用酸枣
捣
烂涂之次日定出○（又方）治 痘生翳一切目疾并以木贼擦取爪甲末同朱砂末等分研匀以露
水
溲丸芥子大每以一粒点入目内○（又方）治目生珠管用手爪甲烧灰贝齿烧灰龙骨各五钱为末
日
点三四次○（圣济总录方）治积年泻血百药不效用人指甲炒焦麝香各二钱半干姜炮三两白矾
枯
过败皮巾烧灰各一两为末每日服用粥饮一钱日二服
【米秕】
无毒。米秕主要功效为通利肠道、开胃下气、磨消积块。可制作成干粮食用，能消除饥饿感，使身体滑润，有助于养生保健。（汪颖）
【名称】米秕糠（李时珍说）：“秕”也是指丝缕稀疏薄弱的含义。
【质地】（《食物本草》记载）米秕即精米上附着的细糠。从前陈平吃糠核而变得肥胖。（李时珍说）：糠是各种粟谷的外壳，其中靠近米粒的细碎部分称为米秕。味道极甜。在饥荒年份，人们常将豆屑或草木花实等可食用之物混合调配，蒸煮后用来救急充饥。
【气味】味甘，性平。
【爪甲】
原本记载怀妊妇人的爪甲，《纲目》补充了男女众人的爪甲。
爪甲主要功效为催生下胞衣、通利小便、治疗尿血及阴阳易病、破伤中风、去除目翳。（《本草纲目》）
【名称】筋退
【产地/来源】（李时珍说）：爪甲是筋之余气所生，是胆的外在征候。（《灵枢经》云）肝对应爪甲。爪甲厚、颜色黄者，说明胆厚；爪甲薄、颜色红者，说明胆薄；爪甲坚硬、颜色青者，说明胆气急迫；爪甲色赤者，说明胆气舒缓；爪甲直、颜色白者，说明胆气正直；爪甲形态恶劣、颜色黑者，说明胆气郁结。
【气味】味甘、咸，性质坚。
【用法】（《太上元科》云）斩三尸法：常在庚辰日剪去手爪甲，甲午日剪去足爪甲。每年七月十六日，将爪甲烧成灰，用水调服，可使三尸九虫全部消灭，名为“斩三尸”。（另一种说法）甲寅日三尸游走到双手，剪去手爪甲；甲午日三尸游走到两足，剪去足爪甲。（《外台秘要》云）消除香港脚（足部肿痛），每逢寅日割取手足指甲，稍微侵入一点肉，可去除手部香港脚。
【主治】（《千金方》）治疗小儿腹胀：用父母手指爪甲烧成灰，敷在乳汁上让婴儿饮用。（又一方）治疗孕妇尿血：取丈夫的爪甲烧成灰，用酒送服。（《圣惠方》）治疗胞衣不下：取产妇本人的手足爪甲烧成灰，用酒送服，随即让有力气的妇人抱起患者，用竹筒在胸前赶压，促使胞衣排出。（《危氏得效方》）治疗飞丝入眼：刮取爪甲末，同唾液点入眼中，飞丝自然会聚拢被拔出。（《集简方》）治疗目生花翳：用刀刮取爪甲细末，和乳汁点眼。（《简便方》）治疗鼻出血：用刀刮取指甲细末吹入鼻中，即可止血，试验有效。（又一方）治疗异物入眼：用左手爪甲刀刮取屑末，用灯草蘸取点于翳膜上，三次即可取出。
【合治】（《普济方》）治疗破伤风，手足颤抖抽搐不止：用人、手足指甲烧至存性六钱，姜制南星、独活、丹砂各二钱，共研为末，分两次服用，酒送下，立见疗效。（又一方）治疗破伤中风，手足十指甲用香油炒后研细，热酒调匀呷服，出汗即好。（《千金方》）治疗阴阳易病：用手足爪甲二十片，加上贴身中衣裆一片，烧成灰，分三次温服。男性患者用女性爪甲，女性患者用男性爪甲。（《圣济录》云）治疗小便尿血：用人指甲五分，头发一钱半，烧研为末，每次服用一钱，空腹时用温酒送下。（万表积善堂方）治疗各种痔疮肿痛：将蚕茧纳入男子指甲令其充满，外用童子头顶发缠裹，烧至存性，研末，蜜调敷之。同时每日吞服牛胆制过的槐子，非常有效。（《圣惠方》）治疗针刺入肉，凡针折断入肉及竹木刺者：刮取人指甲末，用酸枣捣烂涂之，次日定能排出。（又一方）治疗痘疮生翳及一切目疾：以木贼擦取爪甲末，同朱砂末等分研匀，以露水湿润制成如芥子大的丸药，每次取一粒点入眼中。（又一方）治疗目生珠管：用手爪甲烧灰，贝齿烧灰，龙骨各五钱，研为末，每日点三四次。（《圣济总录方》）治疗积年泻血，百药无效：用人指甲炒焦，麝香各二钱半，干姜炮制三两，白矾枯过，败皮巾烧灰各一两，研为末，每日服用，用粥饮送服一钱，每日两次。
[Mi Bi (Rice Bran)]
Non-toxic. Mi Bi (fine rice bran) primarily functions to unblock the intestines, open the stomach, direct Qi downward, and grind away accumulations. It can be processed into dry food to relieve hunger and smooth the skin and body, thereby supporting health preservation (Wang Ying).
[Name] Mi Bi Kang (Rice Bran) (Li Shizhen stated): "Bi" also implies the meaning of being sparse and thin like loose threads.
[Substance] (*Food Bencao* records): Mi Bi is the fine bran attached to polished rice. In the past, Chen Ping ate bran kernels and became fat (Li Shizhen stated): "Kang" refers to the husks of various millet and grain crops; the finest part closest to the rice kernel is called Mi Bi. Its taste is extremely sweet. During years of famine, people often mixed bean dregs or edible plant flowers and fruits, steamed and boiled them together, and used this mixture to save lives from starvation.
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet flavor, Neutral nature.
[Nail Claws]
The original text recorded the nail claws of pregnant women; *Bencao Gangmu* supplemented with those of men and women in general.
Nail claws primarily function to induce labor and expel the afterbirth, promote urination, treat hematuria and Yin-Yang exchange disease, traumatic wind-stroke, and remove corneal opacities (*Bencao Gangmu*).
[Name] Jin Tui (Tendon Remnant)
[Origin/Source] (Li Shizhen stated): Nail claws are the surplus of tendons and serve as an external indicator of the Gallbladder. (*Ling Shu Jing* states): The Liver corresponds to the nails. Nails that are thick and yellow indicate a thick Gallbladder; nails that are thin and red indicate a thin Gallbladder; nails that are hard and blue/green indicate urgent Gallbladder Qi; nails that are red indicate relaxed Gallbladder Qi; nails that are straight and white indicate upright Gallbladder Qi; nails that are malformed and black indicate knotted Gallbladder Qi.
[Flavor and Nature] Sweet and Salty flavors, Firm/Hard nature.
[Usage] (*Taishang Yuanke* states): The method of slaying the Three Corpses: Usually on Geng-Chen days, cut off hand nail claws; on Jia-Wu days, cut off foot nail claws. On the 16th day of the seventh lunar month each year, burn the nail claws to ash, mix with water, and ingest. This will eliminate all Three Corpses and Nine Worms, named "Slaying the Three Corpses". (Another version): On Jia-Yin days, when the Three Corpses wander to the hands, cut off hand nail claws; on Jia-Wu days, when they wander to the feet, cut off foot nail claws. (*Waitai Miyao* states): To eliminate Hongxiangjiao (podagra/gouty swelling of the feet), on every Yin day, cut hand and foot nails slightly penetrating the flesh to remove hand Hongxiangjiao.
[Treatments] (*Qianjin Fang*) Treat pediatric abdominal distension: Burn father's and mother's finger nail claws to ash, apply to breast milk, and have the infant drink. (Another prescription) Treat hematuria in pregnant women: Take husband's nail claws, burn to ash, and ingest with wine. (*Shenghui Fang*) Treat retained placenta: Take the patient's own hand and foot nail claws, burn to ash, and ingest with wine. Immediately have a strong woman hold the patient up and use a bamboo tube to press against the chest to force the placenta out. (*Weishi Defang*) Treat flying filament entering the eye: Scrape nail claw powder, mix with saliva, and instill into the eye; the filament will naturally gather and be extracted. (*Jijian Fang*) Treat floral opacity growing on the eye: Scrape fine nail claw powder with a knife, mix with milk, and instill into the eye. (*Jianbian Fang*) Treat epistaxis (nosebleed): Scrape fingernail powder with a knife and blow it into the nostril; bleeding stops immediately. Tested and effective. (Another prescription) Treat foreign body in the eye: Use the left hand's nail cutter to scrape debris, dip a rush stem into it, and touch the opacity three times until the object comes out.
[Combined Treatments] (*Puji Fang*) Treat traumatic wind-stroke with continuous trembling and convulsions of hands and feet: Use human hand and foot nail claws, calcined to retain property, 6 qian; Ginger-processed Pinelliae Rhizoma (Nanxing), Radix Angelicae Pubescentis (Duhuo), and Cinnabar (Dansha), each 2 qian. Grind into powder, divide into two doses, take with wine for immediate effect. (Another prescription) Treat traumatic wind-stroke: Use ten fingernails and toenails, stir-fry in sesame oil, grind finely, mix with hot wine, and sip; sweating indicates improvement. (*Qianjin Fang*) Treat Yin-Yang exchange disease: Use twenty pieces of hand and foot nail claws plus one piece of the inner garment crotch, burn to ash, divide into three doses, take warm. Males use female nails, females use male nails. (*Shengji Lu* states): Treat hematuria in urine: Use human fingernails 5 fen, hair 1.5 qian, burn and grind into powder. Each dose 1 qian, taken on an empty stomach with warm wine. (Wanbiao Jishantang Prescription) Treat various hemorrhoids with swelling and pain: Insert a silkworm cocoon into a man's fingernail until full, wrap externally with hair from the crown of a boy's head, burn to retain property, grind into powder, mix with honey, and apply externally. Meanwhile, swallow daily Huai Zi (Sophorae Fructus) processed with ox bile; very effective. (*Shenghui Fang*) Treat needles embedded in flesh, including broken needles and splinters of bamboo or wood: Scrape human fingernail powder, mix with crushed Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen), and apply; it will definitely come out the next day. (Another prescription) Treat opacity arising from smallpox and all eye diseases: Rub Mu Zei (Equiseti Herba) to obtain nail claw powder, mix equally with Cinnabar powder, moisten with dew water, make pills the size of mustard seeds. Instill one pill into the eye each time. (Another prescription) Treat pearl tube growth on the eye: Burn hand nail claws to ash, burn Concha Arcae (Beichi) to ash, and Long Gu (Fossilized Bones), each 5 qian. Grind into powder, instill 3-4 times daily. (*Shengji Zonglu Fang*) Treat chronic bloody diarrhea unresponsive to hundreds of medicines: Use human nail claws, charred; Moschus (Shexiang), each 2.5 qian; Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), prepared, 3 liang; Bai Fan (Alumen), calcined; Baidajin (Burnt Cloth), ash, each 1 liang. Grind into powder. Take 1 qian daily with gruel drink, twice a day.