泻热，利水
蚓，土德而星应轸水。味性咸寒，故能清热；下行故能利水。治温病大热狂言，大腹黄
疸，肾风香港脚（苏颂曰∶香港脚必须用之为使）。白颈者，乃老蚯蚓。治大热，捣汁井水调下。
入药或晒干为末，或盐化为水，或微炙，或烧灰，各随本方（中其毒者，盐水解之。张
将军病蚯蚓咬毒，每夕蚓鸣于体，浓煎盐水浸身，数过而愈）。
蚯蚓泥（即蚯蚓屎），甘寒，泻热解毒。治赤白久痢，敷小儿阴囊热肿，肿腮丹毒。
即粪蛆
泻热，疗疳
寒。治热病谵（音占，妄语）妄，毒痢作吐，小儿疳积疳疮。漂净晒干，或炒，或 ，为
末用。
一名血余
补，和血
发者血之余。味苦微寒，入足少阴、厥阴（肾、肝）。补阴消瘀，通关格
，利二便。治诸血疾（能去心窍之血，故亦治惊痫），血痢血淋，舌血（ 末，茅根汤服）
鼻血（烧灰吹鼻），转胞不通（烧灰，服），小儿惊热（合鸡子黄，煎为汁服，鸡子能去风痰）。
合诸药煎膏，凉血去瘀长肉（发属心，禀火气而上生；眉属肝，禀木气而侧生；须属肾，禀
水气而下生。或曰发属肝，禀木气而直生；眉属金，禀金气而横生，金无余气，故短而不长，
至老金气钝，则眉长矣。昂按∶肺主皮毛，毛亦短而不长者也，何以独无所属乎？毛既为肺
之合，自当属肺、属金。眉当属肝、属木，以其侧生象木枝也。此乃臆说，附质明者。经曰∶
肾者，精之处也，其华在发。王冰注曰∶肾主髓，脑者，髓之海，发者。脑之华，脑髓减，
则发素。时珍曰∶发入土，千年不朽；以火 之，凝为血质；煎炼至枯，复有液出；误吞入
腹，化为症虫； 炼服食，使发不白，故《本经》有自还神化之称。陈藏器曰∶生人发挂果
树上，则乌鸟不敢来。又人逃走，取其发于纬车上缚之，则迷乱不知所适，此皆神化。《子
母秘录》∶乱发烧灰，亦治尸疰。猪脂调涂小儿燕口，即两角生疮也。宋丞相王郇公，小腹
切痛，备治不效。用附子、硫黄、五夜叉丸之类，亦不瘥。张驸马取妇人油头发，烧灰研筛
，酒服二钱，其痛立止。《内经》∶脑为髓海，冲为血海，命门为精海，丹田为气海，胃为
水谷之海）。皂荚水洗净， 罐固 存性用。胎发尤良，补衰涸。
头垢，治淋及噎膈劳复。
清热，利水
蚯蚓，禀受土的德行，其星宿对应轸宿（属水）。味道和性质为咸寒，所以能清除热邪；性主下行，所以能通利小便。治疗温病引起的高热、胡言乱语，大腹水肿及黄疸，肾风引起的香港脚（苏颂说：治疗香港脚必须将蚯蚓作为引经药使用）。白颈蚯蚓，是年老的蚯蚓。治疗高热，捣烂取汁，用井水调服。入药使用时，可以晒干研成粉末，或用盐化开成水，或轻微炙烤，或烧成灰，各随具体方剂而定（如果中了蚯蚓的毒，可以用盐水解毒。张将军被蚯蚓咬伤中毒，每晚感觉身体里有蚯蚓鸣叫，用浓煎的盐水浸泡全身，经过多次后痊愈）。
蚯蚓泥（即蚯蚓的粪便），味甘性寒，能泻热解毒。治疗赤白久痢，外敷治疗小儿阴囊热肿，以及腮部肿胀、丹毒。
即粪蛆
泻热，治疗疳积
性寒。治疗热病引起的谵妄（音占，指神志不清时的胡言乱语）、毒痢引起的呕吐、小儿疳积和疳疮。漂洗干净晒干，或炒制，或焙干，研成粉末使用。
一名血余
补益，调和血液
头发是血的剩余部分。味道苦微寒，归足少阴肾经、足厥阴肝经（肾、肝）。补益阴精，消除瘀血，开通关格（指上下不通的病证），通利大小便。治疗各种出血性疾病（能去除心窍中的瘀血，所以也治疗惊痫），血痢、血淋，舌部出血（研末，用茅根汤送服），鼻出血（烧成灰吹入鼻腔），转胞导致的小便不通（烧成灰服用），小儿惊热（配合鸡蛋黄，煎成汁液服用，鸡蛋能去除风痰）。与其他药物一起煎制成膏，能凉血、去瘀、生肌长肉（头发属于心，禀受火气而向上生长；眉毛属于肝，禀受木气而向侧方生长；胡须属于肾，禀受水气而向下生长。有人说头发属于肝，禀受木气而直生；眉毛属于金，禀受金气而横生，金气没有多余之气，所以短而不长，到了老年金气迟钝，眉毛就长了。汪昂按：肺主管皮毛，毛发也是短而不长的，为什么唯独没有所属呢？毛发既然与肺相合，自然应当归属肺、归属金。眉毛应当归属肝、归属木，因为眉毛侧生的形态像树枝。这是臆测之说，附在质明者之后。经典说：肾，是精气汇聚的地方，其荣华表现在头发上。王冰注释说：肾主骨髓，脑是髓海，头发是脑的荣华，脑髓减少，则头发变白。李时珍说：头发埋入土中，千年不腐烂；用火焚烧它，凝结成血一样的质地；煎炼至干枯，又有液体流出；误吞入腹，化为症虫；炼制服用，能使头发不白，所以《本经》有“自还神化”的称号。陈藏器说：活人的头发挂在果树上，乌鸦就不敢来。又有人逃跑，取他的头发绑在织布机上，他就会迷乱不知道去哪里，这些都是神奇的变化。《子母秘录》说：乱发烧成灰，也能治疗尸疰。用猪油调和涂抹小儿燕口疮（即嘴角两边生疮）。宋朝丞相王郇公，小腹剧烈疼痛，各种治疗方法都无效。使用附子、硫黄、五夜叉丸等药，也没有好转。张驸马取妇女的油头发出烧成灰，研细过筛，用酒送服二钱，疼痛立刻停止。《内经》说：脑是髓海，冲脉是血海，命门是精海，丹田是气海，胃是水谷之海）。用皂荚水洗净，在罐中密封煅存性使用。胎发尤其好，能补益衰败枯竭。
头垢，治疗淋证及噎膈劳复。
Clear heat, promote urination.
Earthworms (Qiu Yin) possess the virtue of earth and correspond to the Zhen mansion (a lunar mansion associated with water). Their taste and nature are salty and cold; therefore, they can clear heat. Being downward-moving in action, they can promote diuresis. They treat high fever and delirious speech caused by warm diseases, abdominal distension with jaundice, and Hong Kong foot (Su Song stated: Earthworms must be used as a guiding drug for treating Hong Kong foot). White-necked earthworms are old earthworms. They treat severe heat; crush them to extract juice and administer mixed well water. For medicinal use, they may be sun-dried and powdered, dissolved in salt water, lightly roasted, or burnt to ash, according to the specific prescription (Those poisoned by earthworms can be detoxified with salt water. General Zhang was poisoned by an earthworm bite, feeling worms chirping on his body every night; he soaked his body in concentrated salt water decoction multiple times until cured).
Earthworm mud (i.e., earthworm feces), sweet and cold, clears heat and resolves toxicity. It treats chronic dysentery with red and white discharge, is applied externally for hot swelling of the infant's scrotum, and for mumps and erysipelas.
These are fly larvae (maggots).
Clear heat, treat gan syndrome.
Nature is cold. They treat delirium (Zhan, meaning nonsensical speech due to loss of consciousness) from febrile diseases, vomiting caused by toxic dysentery, pediatric gan accumulation, and gan sores. Rinse clean, sun-dry, stir-fry, or bake, then powder for use.
Also known as Xue Yu (Hair).
Tonify, harmonize blood.
Hair is the surplus of blood. Its taste is bitter and slightly cold; it enters the Foot Shaoyin Kidney channel and Foot Jueyin Liver channel (Kidney, Liver). It tonifies yin and eliminates stasis, opens Guan Ge (obstruction of upper and lower jiao), and promotes urination and defecation. It treats various bleeding disorders (it can remove blood from the heart orifices, thus also treating convulsive epilepsy), bloody dysentery, bloody strangury, tongue bleeding (powdered, taken with Mugwort Root Decoction), epistaxis (burnt to ash and insufflated into the nose), retention of urine due to inverted bladder (burnt to ash and taken), and pediatric convulsive heat (combined with egg yolk, decocted into juice and taken; eggs can eliminate wind-phlegm). When decocted into a paste with other herbs, it cools blood, removes stasis, and promotes tissue regeneration. Hair belongs to the Heart, inheriting fire energy to grow upward; eyebrows belong to the Liver, inheriting wood energy to grow sideways; beard belongs to the Kidney, inheriting water energy to grow downward. Some say hair belongs to the Liver, inheriting wood energy to grow straight; eyebrows belong to Metal, inheriting metal energy to grow horizontally. Since metal has no surplus energy, eyebrows are short and do not grow long; in old age, when metal energy becomes dull, eyebrows grow long. Wang Ang notes: The Lung governs skin and hair; hair is also short and does not grow long, yet why is it not assigned to any organ? Since hair corresponds to the Lung, it should naturally belong to the Lung and Metal. Eyebrows should belong to the Liver and Wood, as their lateral growth resembles tree branches. This is speculative theory, attached here following Zhi Ming. The Classics state: The Kidney is the residence of essence, its luster manifests in the hair. Wang Bing commented: The Kidney governs marrow; the Brain is the sea of marrow; hair is the luster of the brain. When brain marrow decreases, hair turns gray. Li Shizhen said: Hair buried in soil remains unrotted for a thousand years; burning it condenses it into a substance like blood; refining it until dry yields liquid again; if accidentally swallowed, it transforms into parasitic worms; refined and ingested, it prevents graying, hence the "Self-Returning Divine Transformation" title in the *Shennong Bencao Jing*. Chen Cangqi said: Hanging living human hair on fruit trees deters crows. Also, if a fugitive's hair is tied to a loom, he becomes disoriented and lost; these are all divine transformations. The *Zimu Milu* states: Burnt messy hair also treats corpse transmission (chronic wasting disease). Mixed with pig fat, it applies to infant angular cheilitis (sores at the corners of the mouth). Prime Minister Wang Xungong of Song suffered severe lower abdominal pain; various treatments failed. Using Aconite, Realgar, and Wuyeche Pills did not help. Prince Consort Zhang took oily hair from women, burnt it to ash, ground it, sieved it, and administered two qian with wine; the pain stopped immediately. The *Neijing* states: The Brain is the sea of marrow, the Chong vessel is the sea of blood, the Mingmen is the sea of essence, the Dantian is the sea of qi, and the Stomach is the sea of water and grain. Wash clean with soapberry water, calcine in a sealed jar preserving its nature. Fetal hair is especially good, tonifying decline and depletion.
Head dirt (scurf) treats strangury, dysphagia, and relapse due to overexertion after illness.