去净毛汤泡晒干用。菖蒲为使，畏牛乳。
苦，辛，无毒。入手足阳明，肝胆诸经。攻风逐水，通利二便。止肢节之疼痛，疗身体
之挛
急。手足不遂，齿牙莫开。牙痛口疮之症，肠风泻血之 。治黄胆而解酒毒，去头风而治骨
蒸。养血荣筋，最益肝胆之气，驱寒御湿，不留麻木之邪。大便滑者禁用。
生飞鸟山谷。二八月采。今出泾州、 州、岐州者良，又河陕州郡多有之。叶婆娑，连
茎梗
俱青色。六月开紫花，似葛花，当月结子。根长大黄白者佳。中多衔土，用宜破去。左文者
良。
急劳烦热，身体酸痛，同柴胡、甘草为末，每白汤下三钱。（验方第一。）
小儿骨蒸潮热，减食瘦弱，同炙草煎服。（第二。）
黄胆，心烦口干，小便赤，牛乳煎三两服。（第三。）
暴泻引饮，同炙草煎服。（第四。）
小便难，水煎一两服。（第五。）
疮口不合，为末掺之。（第六。）
发背初起，牛乳煎服。快利三次为度。（第七。）
去须及头。忌犯火，半夏为使，恶皂角，畏紫菀、藜芦。
苦，平，微寒，性升。入足少阳胆经。清胆经之火邪，退肝家之烦热，开胸胁之硬满，
止头
目眩昏。行经于表里阴阳之间，奏效于寒热往来之会。口苦咽干最灵，目赤耳聋良效。血室
郁热，男妇皆验，心胃痞痛，左右莫违。驱逐诸疟之寒热，消散众邪之结聚。舌苔白者宜之
，产后忌之。
生弘农川谷及兖州，今关陕、江湖近道皆有之，以银州者为胜。银州即今延安府。所产
柴胡
长尺余而白且软。北地所产，如前胡而软，今人谓之北柴胡是也，入药亦良。南土所产者，
如蒿根强硬，不堪用。其苗有如韭菜者，竹叶者，以竹叶者为胜。近有一种，根似桔梗、沙
参、白色而大，市人以伪银柴胡，并无气味，不可不知。
虚劳发热，同人参煎服。（验方第一。）
小柴胡汤 柴胡 黄芩 半夏 人参 炙草 生姜 大枣
治少阳伤寒，往来寒热，胸胁满痛，心烦喜呕。又治腹中急痛，偏左右者。又治妇人中
风，
经水适断，热入血室，寒热如疟，发作有时。（诸方第一。）
大柴胡汤 柴胡 黄芩 半夏 白芍 枳实 大黄 姜 枣
治少阳伤寒，寒热，心中痞结，脉沉，或呕吐下利。（第二。）
清肝汤
托一切两鬓、两胁、两腋诸痈疽，耳衄、耳疳及两耳后锐夭诸痈疽。（第三。）
柴胡 黄芩 半夏 台参 桂枝 甘草 白芍 姜 枣
治疟疾初作，表症犹在者。（第四。）
呕而发热，小柴胡汤。（第五。）
味苦、辛，无毒。归入手阳明大肠经、足阳明胃经以及肝经、胆经等经络。能驱逐风邪、攻逐水湿，通利大小便。止住四肢关节的疼痛，治疗身体的拘挛和急迫感。对于手足活动不利、牙齿难以张开（牙关紧闭）的症状有效。对牙痛、口疮等症状，以及肠风下血之症有疗效。治疗黄疸并解除酒毒，祛除头风并治疗骨蒸潮热。滋养血液、润泽筋脉，最有益于肝胆之气，驱散寒邪、抵御湿气，不留滞麻木之邪气。大便滑泄者禁用。
生长于飞鸟山谷之中。农历二月和八月采集。现在出产于泾州、[某]州、岐州等地的品质较好，另外河陕地区的州郡也多有出产。叶片婆娑，连茎梗都是青色的。六月开紫色的花，形状像葛花，当月结籽。根部长大且呈黄白色者为佳。根中常夹杂泥土，使用时应当敲碎去除。纹理向左弯曲者为良。
急劳烦热，身体酸痛，与柴胡、甘草一起研成细末，每次用白开水送服三钱。（验方第一。）
小儿骨蒸潮热，食欲减退、消瘦虚弱，与炙甘草一起煎煮服用。（第二。）
黄疸，心烦口干，小便颜色深红，用牛乳煎煮三两服用。（第三。）
小便困难，用水煎煮一两服用。（第五。）
疮口久不愈合，研成粉末撒在患处。（第六。）
发背初起时，用牛乳煎煮服用。以排便通畅三次为限度。（第七。）
去除须根及头部。忌讳接触火，以半夏为引经药，厌恶皂角，畏惧紫菀、藜芦。
味苦，性平，微寒，药性升浮。入足少阳胆经。清泻胆经的火邪，退去肝脏的烦热，开通胸胁部的硬满感，止住头目眩晕昏花。运行于表里阴阳之间，在寒热往来的关键时期奏效。对于口苦咽干最为灵验，对目赤耳聋有良好的疗效。血室郁热，男女皆适用；心胃痞闷疼痛，无论左右两侧都适宜。驱逐各种疟疾的寒热症状，消散各种邪气的结聚。舌苔白者适宜使用，产后妇女忌用。
生长在弘农川谷及兖州，现在关中陕西、江湖近道都有出产，以银州出产的品质最佳。银州即现在的延安府。所产的柴胡长度一尺多，色白且柔软。北方地产的柴胡，像前胡一样柔软，就是现在人所说的北柴胡，入药也很好。南方地产的柴胡，像蒿根一样强硬，不堪药用。其苗有的像韭菜，有的像竹叶，其中以像竹叶的为优。近来有一种，根部像桔梗、沙参，白色且大，市场上有人将其伪称为银柴胡，但没有气味，不可不知道。
小柴胡汤：柴胡、黄芩、半夏、人参、炙甘草、生姜、大枣。
治疗少阳伤寒，往来寒热，胸胁胀满疼痛，心烦喜呕。又治疗腹中急痛，偏于左侧或右侧的。又治疗妇人中风，月经突然中断，热入血室，寒热如疟疾发作，定时发作。（诸方第一。）
大柴胡汤：柴胡、黄芩、半夏、白芍、枳实、大黄、生姜、大枣。
治疗少阳伤寒，寒热交替，心中痞塞结聚，脉沉，或者呕吐下利。（第二。）
清肝汤：
托举一切两鬓、两胁、两腋部位的痈疽，耳衄、耳疳以及两耳后锐夭部位的痈疽。（第三。）
Remove all hairs, soak in water, and dry before use. *Acorus tatarinowii* (Shichangpu) serves as a guiding herb; it is adverse to cow's milk.
Bitter, pungent, non-toxic. Enters the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian, Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, Liver Meridian, and Gallbladder Meridian. It expels wind and drives out water, unblocks and promotes urination and defecation. It stops pain in the limbs and joints, and treats spasms and cramps of the body. It is effective for hemiplegia or inability to move the limbs, and trismus (lockjaw). It treats symptoms such as toothache, mouth ulcers, intestinal wind with bleeding, jaundice, and alcohol toxicity. It dispels head wind and treats bone-steaming tidal fever. It nourishes blood and moistens sinews, most benefiting the Qi of the Liver and Gallbladder, dispels cold and resists dampness, preventing the retention of pathogenic factors causing numbness. Contraindicated in cases of loose stools.
Grows in valleys where birds fly. Harvested in the second and eighth lunar months. Those produced in Jingzhou, [Certain]zhou, and Qizhou are considered superior. Additionally, many prefectures in the Heshan region produce it. The leaves are luxuriant, and both stems and stalks are green. It blooms purple flowers in the sixth lunar month, resembling *Puerariae Flos* (Kudzu Flower), and bears fruit in the same month. The roots should be large, long, yellowish-white, and of good quality. Roots often contain soil, which should be broken off and removed during preparation. Those with left-curving fibers are superior.
For acute consumption with vexation and heat, accompanied by body aches: combine with *Bupleuri Radix* (Chaihu) and *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle* (Zhigancao), grind into powder, and take 3 qian with warm water each time. (Verified Formula No. 1.)
For pediatric bone-steaming tidal fever, reduced appetite, emaciation, and weakness: decoct with *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle* (Zhigancao) and administer orally. (No. 2.)
For jaundice, mental restlessness, dry mouth, and dark urine: decoct 3 liang in cow's milk and administer. (No. 3.)
For acute diarrhea with excessive thirst: decoct with *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle* (Zhigancao) and administer. (No. 4.)
For difficult urination: decoct 1 liang in water and administer. (No. 5.)
For wounds that fail to heal: grind into powder and apply topically. (No. 6.)
For early-stage "Fa Bei" (back carbuncle): decoct in cow's milk and administer. Stop when bowel movements become smooth three times. (No. 7.)
Remove rootlets and heads. Avoid fire. *Pinelliae Rhizoma* (Banxia) serves as a guiding herb; it is incompatible with *Saposhnikoviae Radix* (Zaojiao) and adverse to *Asteris Radix* (Ziwan) and *Veratrum Nigrum* (Lilu).
Bitter, neutral, slightly cold, ascending nature. Enters the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. Clears fire pathogens from the Gallbladder Meridian, reduces vexation and heat in the Liver, opens hardness and fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, and stops dizziness and vertigo of the head and eyes. It circulates between the exterior and interior, yin and yang, achieving efficacy during periods of alternating chills and fever. It is highly effective for bitter taste in the mouth and dry throat, and yields good results for red eyes and deafness. For heat stagnation in the Blood Chamber (Uterus), it is effective for both men and women. For epigastric and gastric痞 (fullness/pain), it is suitable regardless of whether the pain is on the left or right. It drives out the chills and fevers of various malaria types and dissipates accumulations of various pathogens. Suitable for those with a white tongue coating; contraindicated postpartum.
Grows in valleys of Hongnong and Yanzhou. Currently found near roads in Guanzhong, Shaanxi, and Jianghu regions, with those from Yinzhou being the best. Yinzhou is present-day Yan'an Prefecture. The *Bupleuri Radix* (Chaihu) produced there is over one chi long, white, and soft. The variety produced in northern regions resembles *Peucedani Radix* (Qianhu) but is soft; this is what people now call Northern Chaihu, which is also good for medicinal use. The variety produced in southern regions is hard and rigid like mugwort roots and is unsuitable for use. Its seedlings resemble leeks or bamboo leaves; the leaf-like ones are superior. Recently, there is a type with roots resembling *Platycodonis Radix* (Jiegeng) or *Adenophorae Radix* (Shashen), white and large, which merchants falsely sell as Silver Chaihu. It has no odor and must be distinguished carefully.
For deficiency-consumption with fever: decoct with *Panax Ginseng* (Renshen) and administer. (Verified Formula No. 1.)
**Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction)**: *Bupleuri Radix* (Chaihu), *Scutellariae Radix* (Huangqin), *Pinelliae Rhizoma* (Banxia), *Panax Ginseng* (Renshen), *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle* (Zhigancao), *Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens* (Shengjiang), *Jujubae Fructus* (Dazao).
Treats Shaoyang Cold Damage, characterized by alternating chills and fever, chest and hypochondriac fullness and pain, mental restlessness, and frequent desire to vomit. Also treats acute pain in the abdomen, occurring on either the left or right side. Also treats Wind-Strike in women, where menstruation suddenly ceases, heat enters the Blood Chamber, causing chills and fever resembling malaria with regular paroxysms. (Formulas No. 1.)
**Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction)**: *Bupleuri Radix* (Chaihu), *Scutellariae Radix* (Huangqin), *Pinelliae Rhizoma* (Banxia), *Paeoniae Radix Alba* (Baishao), *Aurantii Fructus Immaturus* (Zhishi), *Rhei Radix et Rhizoma* (Dahuang), *Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens* (Shengjiang), *Jujubae Fructus* (Dazao).
Treats Shaoyang Cold Damage with alternating chills and fever, epigastric痞 (blockage/fullness), deep pulse, vomiting, or diarrhea. (No. 2.)
**Qing Gan Tang (Liver-Clearing Decoction)**:
Used to resolve all carbuncles and sores in the temples, hypochondrium, and axillae, as well as ear bleeding, ear fungus, and carbuncles behind the ears at the Ruibao acupoint area. (No. 3.)
*Composition*: *Bupleuri Radix* (Chaihu), *Scutellariae Radix* (Huangqin), *Pinelliae Rhizoma* (Banxia), *Panax Notoginseng/Ginseng* (Taishen), *Cinnamomi Ramulus* (Guizhi), *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (Gancao), *Paeoniae Radix Alba* (Baishao), *Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens* (Shengjiang), *Jujubae Fructus* (Dazao).
Treats malaria just starting, where exterior syndromes still persist. (No. 4.)
For vomiting accompanied by fever, use Xiao Chai Hu Tang. (No. 5.)