（《拾遗》）
【释名】留师（郭璞作笛师）。
【集解】藏器曰∶《方言》云∶竹蜂，留师也。蜂如小指大，正黑色
稠糖，酸甜好食。
时珍曰∶《六帖》云∶竹蜜蜂出蜀中。于野竹上结窠，绀
窠有蜜，甘倍常蜜。即此也。按今人家一种黑蜂，大如指头
儿扑杀取食，亦此类也。又《杜阳编》言∶外国鸾蜂大十余斤，其蜜碧色，服之成仙。此亦
不经之言，未足深信。又有刺蜜、木蜜，生草木上，俱见果部本条。木蜜即枳 。
留师蜜
【气味】甘、酸，寒，无毒。
【主治】牙齿 痛及口疮，并含之良（藏器）。
（《拾遗》）
【集解】藏器曰∶出岭南。状如土蜂，翅赤头黑，大如螃蟹，穿土为窠，食蜘蛛。蜘蛛
遥知蜂来，皆野狼狈藏隐。蜂以预知其处，食之无遗。
时珍曰∶此毒蜂穿土作窠者。一种独蜂作窠于木，亦此类也。其窠大如鹅卵，皮浓苍黄
色。只有一个蜂，大如
其毒倍常，中人手足辄断，中心胸即圮裂，非方药可疗，惟禁术可制。故元稹诗云∶巴蛇蟠
窟穴，穴下有巢蜂。近树禽垂翅，依原兽绝踪。微遭断手足，浓毒破心胸。昔甚招魂句，那
知眼自逢。此蜂之毒如此，附见于此。养生远害者，不可不知。
【主治】有毒。疗蜘蛛咬，及疔肿疽病，烧黑和油涂之。或取蜂窠土，以酢和涂之，蜘
蛛咬处，当得丝出（藏器）。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【集解】藏器说：《方言》记载：竹蜂，就是留师。这种蜂像小手指那么大，通体黑色，用稠糖腌制后，味道酸甜，很好吃。
李时珍说：《六帖》记载：竹蜜蜂产于蜀中。它们在野外的竹子上筑巢，巢呈深青色，里面的蜜比普通的蜜甜一倍。指的就是这种蜂。按现在的情况看，民间有一种黑蜂，大小如指头，扑杀后取来食用，也属于这一类。另外，《杜阳编》记载：外国的鸾蜂大十余斤，它的蜜是碧绿色的，服用后可以成仙。这也是荒诞不经的话，不值得深信。还有刺蜜、木蜜，生长在草木上，都见果实部的本条记载。木蜜就是枳椇的蜜。
留师蜜
【气味】甘、酸，寒，无毒。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【集解】藏器说：产于岭南。形状像土蜂，翅膀红色头部黑色，大小如螃蟹，钻入土中筑巢，以蜘蛛为食。蜘蛛远远知道蜂来了，都会惊慌失措地隐藏起来。蜂预先知道蜘蛛藏身的地方，吃它们一个不剩。
李时珍说：这是有毒的蜂，钻入土中筑巢。还有一种独蜂在木头里筑巢，也属于这一类。它们的巢大如鹅卵，皮厚呈苍黄色。巢里只有一个蜂，大小如……（原文此处似有脱漏，依上下文推测为指蜂的大小或巢内情况，但根据指令不增添内容，故略过缺失部分，仅翻译可见部分）。它的毒性比普通蜂强得多，人被蜇伤手足就会断裂，中心胸部位就会破裂，不是方药可以治疗的，只有禁术（法术/咒语）可以制服。所以元稹的诗写道：“巴蛇盘踞在窟穴，穴下有巢蜂。近树禽垂翅，依原兽绝踪。微遭断手足，浓毒破心胸。昔甚招魂句，那知眼自逢。”这种蜂的毒性如此厉害，附记在这里。养生避害的人，不可不知道。
【主治】有毒。治疗蜘蛛咬伤，以及疔肿疽病，烧成黑灰后用油调和涂抹患处。或者取蜂巢里的土，用醋调和涂抹，被蜘蛛咬的地方，应当会有丝状物出来（藏器）。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
[Names] Liushi (Guo Pu wrote it as "Dishi").
[Collected Explanations] Zang Qi said: *Fangyan* records that the bamboo bee is called Liushi. The bee is as large as a little finger, entirely black, and when pickled in thick honey/syrup, it tastes sweet and sour and is delicious.
Li Shizhen said: *Liutie* records that the bamboo honeybee is produced in Shuzhong. It builds nests on wild bamboo; the nests are dark cyan in color, and the honey inside is twice as sweet as ordinary honey. This refers to this kind of bee. According to current observations, there is a type of black bee kept by households, as large as a finger, which is killed and eaten; it also belongs to this category. Furthermore, *Duyang Bian* records that the foreign Luan bee weighs over ten jin, its honey is jade-green, and consuming it can lead to immortality. This is also an absurd statement and not worthy of deep belief. There are also Ci Mi (Thorn Honey) and Mu Mi (Wood Honey), which grow on grass and trees, both described in the Fruit Section under their respective entries. Mu Mi is the honey of *Zhi Ju* (Aralia chinensis).
Liushi Honey
[Properties and Flavors] Sweet, sour, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Toothache and mouth ulcers; holding it in the mouth yields good results (Zang Qi).
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
[Collected Explanations] Zang Qi said: Produced in Lingnan. It resembles the earth bee, with red wings and a black head, as large as a crab. It burrows into the soil to build nests and feeds on spiders. When spiders sense the approach of the bees from afar, they hide in panic. The bees predict the hiding places of the spiders and consume them without leaving any survivors.
Li Shizhen said: These are venomous bees that burrow into the soil to build nests. Another variety builds nests in wood, which also belongs to this category. Their nests are as large as goose eggs, with thick skin that is grayish-yellow. There is only one bee in the nest, as large as... [Text missing]. Its toxicity is many times greater than ordinary bees; if it stings the limbs, they may break off, and if it strikes the chest or heart area, internal organs may rupture. It cannot be treated with herbal medicines, but only controlled by exorcistic arts (Jinshu). Therefore, Yuan Zhen's poem states: "The Ba snake coils in its cave, beneath which lies the bee's nest. Birds near the trees droop their wings, beasts on the plains cut off all traces. A slight encounter leads to broken limbs, intense poison ruptures the chest and heart. I once wrote lines summoning the soul, who knew my eyes would meet such fate." The toxicity of this bee is thus severe; it is attached here for reference. Those who practice health preservation and avoid harm must know this.
[Indications] Toxic. Treats spider bites, as well as ding swellings and carbuncles. Burn it to black ash and mix with oil to apply externally. Alternatively, take the soil from the bee nest, mix with vinegar, and apply; at the site of the spider bite, silk-like threads should emerge (Zang Qi).