\r禹余粮\pj401a.bmp\r
\r石中黄子\pj401.bmp\r
味甘，气寒。无毒。采从潞州（属山西，）形如鹅卵。外壳重叠包裹，内黄细末一团
。仿佛蒲黄，啮甚糁齿。得之火 醋淬，复用磁钵重擂。水澄汁清，勿留砂土。入药佐使
，宜牡丹皮。疗血闭瘕症，赤白漏下；除寒热烦满，咳逆邪伤。久久饵之，轻身延寿。经曰
∶重可去怯。禹余粮之重，乃为镇固剂也。 又\x石中黄子\，乃余粮未成。藏诸壳中，摇
则水
响。《本经》注云∶水已凝者为余粮，水未凝者为石中黄子也。亦堪久服，耐老轻身。 仍
有太乙余粮，古方之中亦载。遍考诸说，俱未真知。或指水壳为然，是亦猜疑臆度。
所云治
病，与前小同。
味甘，辛，气温。无毒。泰山山中，每每出产。色有五品，种有两般。但青赤黄
，治疗少用。惟紫白者，服饵多求。钵贮擂成，水搅飞过。资长石为使，入心肝肺经。（紫
者入心肝二经，白者入肺经。）畏附子扁青，恶黄连麦句（麦句姜也。）紫石英类水精
明澈，
似
樗蒲达头。治妇人子户风寒，经十年不孕；疗男子寒热邪气，致咳逆异常。定惊悸且补心虚
，填下焦尤安魂魄。又散痈肿，姜醋煎调。白石英二三寸长，手指般大。六面如削，
白澈有
光。治咳逆胸膈久寒，理消渴阴痿不足。益气除风痹，下气利小便。疗肺痿肺痈，止吐脓吐
血。
味甘，气寒。无毒。采自潞州（属山西），形状像鹅卵石。外壳层层包裹，内部是黄色的细粉末一团。看起来像蒲黄，咀嚼时感觉粗糙磨牙。用火煅烧后用醋淬炼，再用磁钵反复研磨。用水澄清汁液，不要留下砂土杂质。入药时作为佐使药，适宜配合牡丹皮使用。治疗血闭瘕症、赤白带下；消除寒热烦闷、咳嗽气逆邪伤。长期服用，可以轻身延年。经书说：“重可去怯。”禹余粮的沉重性质，属于镇固剂。
另外有石中黄子，是禹余粮未成熟的状态。藏在壳中，摇晃时里面有水声。《本经》注释说：水已凝固的是余粮，水未凝固的是石中黄子。也适合长期服用，能抗衰老、轻身。还有太乙余粮，古方中也有记载。遍考各种说法，都没有真正了解。有人指水壳为然，这也是猜疑臆测。所说的治病功效，与前文略有相同。
紫石英、白石英
味甘，辛，气温。无毒。泰山山中，经常出产。颜色有五类，种类有两般。但青、赤、黄三种颜色，治疗中较少使用。只有紫色和白色的，服用者多追求。用钵储存研磨成粉，用水搅拌过滤。以长石为使药，进入心、肝、肺经。（紫色的进入心、肝二经，白色的进入肺经。）畏附子、扁青，恶黄连、麦句姜（麦句姜即麦句）。紫石英类似水晶透明清澈，像樗蒲骰子头。治疗妇人子宫风寒，导致十年不孕；治疗男子寒热邪气，引起异常咳嗽气逆。安定惊悸并补心虚，填补下焦尤其能安魂魄。又能消散痈肿，用姜醋煎调。白石英二三寸长，手指般粗细。六面如削，白色透明有光泽。治疗咳嗽气逆胸膈久寒，调理消渴、阳痿不足。益气除风痹，下气利小便。治疗肺痿肺痈，止吐脓吐血。
Yu Yu Liang (Haematitum)
The flavor is sweet, the nature is cold. It is non-toxic. It is harvested from Luzhou (in Shanxi Province), resembling goose eggs in shape. The outer shell consists of overlapping layers wrapping around a core of fine yellow powder. It resembles Puhuang (Typhae Pollen), and feels gritty when chewed. It should be calcined with fire and quenched with vinegar, then repeatedly pounded in a porcelain mortar. Water is added to clarify the juice, ensuring no sand or soil remains. When used in prescriptions as an assistant drug, it is suitably combined with Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex). It treats blood obstruction and abdominal masses, red and white leukorrhea; it eliminates chills, fever, irritability, fullness, cough, and qi rebellion caused by pathogenic factors. Long-term consumption can lighten the body and prolong life. The classics state: "Heavy substances can dispel fear." The heavy nature of Haematitum makes it a sedative and consolidating agent.
Additionally, there is Shizhong Huangzi (Yellow Core within Stone), which is immature Yu Yu Liang. It is stored within the shell, producing a water-sounding noise when shaken. The commentary in *Ben Jing* states: "Water that has solidified is Yu Yu Liang; water that has not solidified is Shizhong Huangzi." It is also suitable for long-term consumption, helping to resist aging and lighten the body. There is also Taiyi Yu Liang, recorded in ancient prescriptions. After examining various theories, none provide true understanding. Some point to the water shell as the correct identification, but this is merely speculative conjecture. The therapeutic effects described are slightly similar to those mentioned previously.
Zi Shi Ying (Lepidocrocitum) and Bai Shi Ying (Quartzum Album)
The flavor is sweet and pungent, the nature is warm. It is non-toxic. It is frequently produced in Mount Tai. There are five color varieties and two main types. However, the green, red, and yellow varieties are rarely used in treatment. Only the purple and white varieties are sought after for consumption. They are stored in mortars, ground into powder, stirred with water, and filtered. Changshi (Longstone) is used as an envoy drug. It enters the Heart, Liver, and Lung meridians. (Purple stone enters the Heart and Liver meridians; white stone enters the Lung meridian.) It is incompatible with Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), Bianqing (Atacamitum), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), and Maijujiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). Zi Shi Ying is transparent and clear like crystal, resembling the head of a backgammon piece. It treats wind-cold in the uterus of women, leading to infertility for ten years; it treats chills, fever, and pathogenic factors in men, causing abnormal cough and qi rebellion. It calms palpitations and tonifies Heart deficiency; it fills the Lower Jiao and especially pacifies the soul. It also dissipates carbuncles and swellings, prepared by decocting with ginger and vinegar. Bai Shi Ying is two to three cun long and as thick as a finger. Its six faces are smooth as if cut, white, transparent, and lustrous. It treats chronic cold in the chest and diaphragm accompanied by cough and qi rebellion; it regulates Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst) and impotence. It supplements Qi, dispels wind-bi, directs rebellious Qi downward, and promotes urination. It treats Fei Wei (Lung Atrophy) and Fei Yong (Lung Abscess), stopping the vomiting of pus and blood.