凡因病死者，形体羸瘦，肉色痿黄，口眼多合，腹肚多陷，两眼通黄，两拳微握，发髻
解脱，身上或有新旧针灸瘢痕，余无他故，即是因病死。
凡病患求乞在路死者，形体瘦劣，肉色痿黄，口眼合，两手微握，口齿焦黄，唇不着齿
。
邪魔中风卒死，尸多肥，肉色微黄，口眼合，头髻紧，口内有涎沫，遍身无他故。
卒死，肌肉不陷，口鼻内有涎沫，面色紫赤。盖其人未死时，涎壅于上，气不宣通，故
面色及口鼻如此。
卒中死，眼开睛白，口齿开，牙关紧，间有口眼 斜，并口两角、鼻内涎沫流出，
手脚拳曲。
中暗风，尸必肥，肉多 白色，口眼皆闭，涎唾流溢。卒死于邪祟，其尸不在于肥
瘦，两手皆握，手足爪甲多青。或暗风如发惊搐死者，口眼多 斜，手足必拳缩，臂腿
手足细小，涎沫亦流。(以上三项大略相似，更须检时仔细分别)
伤寒死，遍身紫赤色，口眼开有紫汗流，唇亦微绽，手不握拳。
时气死者，眼开口开，遍身黄色，量有薄皮起，手足俱伸。
中暑死，多在五、六、七月，眼合，舌与粪门俱不出，面黄白色。
冻死者，面色痿黄，口内有涎沫，牙齿硬，身直，两手紧抱胸前，兼衣服单薄。检时，
用酒醋洗，得少热气，则两腮红，面如芙蓉色。口有涎沫出，其涎不粘，此则冻死证。
饥饿死者，浑身黑瘦，硬直、眼闭、口开，牙关紧禁，手脚俱伸。
或疾病死，值春、夏、秋初，申得迟，经隔两三日，肚上、脐下、两胁肋骨缝，有微青
色；此是病患死后，经日变动，腹内秽污发作，攻注皮肤，致有此色。不是生前有他故，切
宜仔细。
凡验病死之人，才至检所，先问原申人∶其身死人来自何处?几时到来?几时得病?曾与
不曾申官取责口词?有无人识认?如收得口词，即须问∶原患是何疾病?年多少?病得几日方申
官取问口词?既得口词之后几日身死?如无口词，则问∶如何取口词不得?若是奴婢，则须先
讨契书看，问∶有无亲戚?患是何病?曾请是何医人?吃甚药?曾与不曾申官取口词?如无，则
问不责口词因根据；然后，对众证定。如别无它故，只取众定验状，称说∶遍身黄色，骨瘦，
委是生前因患是何疾致死。仍取医人定验疾色状一纸。如委的众证因病身死分明，原初虽不
曾取责口词，但不是非理致死，不须牒请覆验。
凡是因病死亡的人，身体消瘦，肤色萎黄，口眼大多闭合，腹部凹陷，双眼通黄，双手微微握拳，头发散乱，身上可能有新旧针灸留下的瘢痕，除此之外没有其他异常，这就是因病死亡。
凡是病人在路上乞讨时死亡的，身体瘦弱，肤色萎黄，口眼闭合，双手微微握拳，牙齿焦黄，嘴唇干瘪不包住牙齿。
被邪祟或中风突然致死的人，尸体通常较胖，肤色微黄，口眼闭合，头髻紧束，口内有涎沫，全身没有其他异常。
猝死的人，肌肉没有凹陷，口鼻内有涎沫，面色紫红。这是因为人在死前，涎液壅塞于上焦，气机不通畅，所以面色和口鼻呈现这种状态。
中恶风而死的人，眼睛睁开、瞳孔发白，嘴巴张开，牙关紧闭，有时出现口眼歪斜，嘴角和鼻内流出涎沫，手脚蜷曲。
中暗风（无外象的风邪）而死的人，尸体一定肥胖，肤色多呈白色，口眼都闭合，涎唾流溢。因邪祟猝死的人，尸体不论胖瘦，双手都握拳，手足指甲多呈青色。如果是因暗风引发惊搐而死的人，口眼多歪斜，手脚必定蜷缩，手臂腿脚细小，也有涎沫流出。（以上三种情况大致相似，检验时必须仔细分辨。）
伤寒而死的人，全身呈紫红色，口眼张开有紫汗流出，嘴唇微裂，手不握拳。
患时气病而死的人，眼睛张开，嘴巴张开，全身发黄，皮肤上有薄皮脱落，手脚伸直。
中暑而死的人，多发生在五月、六月、七月，眼睛闭合，舌头和肛门都不外露，面色黄白。
冻死的人，面色萎黄，口内有涎沫，牙齿僵硬，身体挺直，两手紧紧抱在胸前，加上衣服单薄。检验时，用酒醋清洗，若能感到少许热气，则两腮变红，面色如芙蓉花般红润。口中有涎沫流出，且涎沫不粘稠，这是冻死的证候。
饿死的人，浑身黑瘦，身体僵硬挺直，眼睛闭合，嘴巴张开，牙关紧闭，手脚伸直。
或者是因病死亡，正值春、夏、秋初，发现尸体较晚，经过两三天后，肚上、脐下、两胁肋骨缝隙处，会出现微青色；这是病人死后，经过一天变动，腹内污秽之气发作，攻注到皮肤所致，因此出现这种颜色。这不是生前有其他原因造成的，务必仔细辨别。
凡是检验病死之人，刚到达检验现场，先询问申报人：死者从哪里来？什么时候到的？什么时候得的病？是否曾向官府申报并索取口供？是否有人认识？如果收到了口供，就必须问：原本患的是什么病？年龄多少？病了几天才向官府申报取问口供？得到口供后几天死亡？如果没有口供，就问：为什么无法取得口供？如果是奴婢，必须先讨要契书查看，问：有没有亲戚？患的是什么病？曾请过什么医生？吃过什么药？是否曾向官府申报取问口供？如果没有，就问不索取口供的原因；然后，根据各种证据进行判定。如果没有其他异常，只取众人判定的检验状，声称：全身黄色，骨瘦如柴，确实是生前因患某种疾病致死。仍须取得医生判定的疾病色泽状一份。如果确实众证显示因病死亡分明，起初虽然未曾索取口供，但只要不是非正常致死，就不必发文请求重新检验。
For those who die from illness, the body is emaciated, the flesh color is sallow and withered, the mouth and eyes are mostly closed, the abdomen is sunken, both eyes are completely yellow, the two fists are slightly clenched, the hair bun is untied, and there may be old or new acupuncture scars on the body. If there are no other causes, it is death due to illness.
For patients who die while begging on the road, the body is thin and inferior, the flesh color is sallow, the mouth and eyes are closed, the two hands are slightly clenched, the teeth are scorched yellow, and the lips do not cover the teeth.
Those who die suddenly from evil influences or wind-stroke usually have fat corpses, slightly yellow flesh color, closed mouth and eyes, tight hair buns, saliva in the mouth, and no other abnormalities on the whole body.
In cases of sudden death (Su Si), the muscles are not sunken, there is saliva in the nose and mouth, and the complexion is purple-red. This is because before death, phlegm-saliva obstructed the upper jiao, preventing the smooth flow of Qi, thus causing the complexion and nose/mouth to appear this way.
Those who die from stroke-evil (Zhong E Feng) have open eyes with white pupils, an open mouth, tightly clenched jaw, sometimes with facial paralysis (deviation of mouth and eye), saliva flowing from the corners of the mouth and nose, and curled hands and feet.
Those who die from hidden wind (An Feng) will have fat corpses, mostly white flesh color, closed mouth and eyes, and overflowing saliva. For those who die suddenly from evil influences, regardless of whether the corpse is fat or thin, both hands are clenched, and the fingernails and toenails are mostly blue. If one dies from hidden wind triggering convulsions, the mouth and eyes are often deviated, hands and feet are necessarily curled, arms and legs are thin, and saliva also flows. (These three categories are roughly similar; careful distinction must be made during examination.)
Those who die from Shanghan (Cold Damage) have a purple-red whole body, open mouth and eyes with purple sweat flowing out, slightly cracked lips, and hands that do not clench into fists.
Those who die from seasonal qi pathogens have open eyes and mouths, a yellow whole body, some thin skin peeling off, and extended hands and feet.
Those who die from heatstroke mostly occur in the fifth, sixth, and seventh months. The eyes are closed, the tongue and anus are not protruding, and the face is yellowish-white.
Those who die from freezing have a sallow complexion, saliva in the mouth, stiff teeth, a straight body, hands tightly embracing the chest, and thin clothing. Upon examination, washing with wine and vinegar can generate slight warmth, turning the cheeks red and the face like a hibiscus flower. Saliva flows from the mouth but is not sticky; this is the sign of death by freezing.
Those who die from starvation are black and thin all over, stiff and straight, with closed eyes, open mouth, tightly clenched jaw, and extended hands and feet.
Or if dying from illness during spring, summer, or early autumn, if the body is discovered late, after two or three days, a faint bluish-green color may appear above the belly, below the navel, and in the gaps between the ribs on both sides. This is due to changes after death, where foul qi from the abdomen erupts and attacks the skin, causing this discoloration. It is not caused by other factors during life, so careful attention is required.
When examining anyone who died of illness, upon arriving at the scene, first ask the declarant: Where did the deceased come from? When did they arrive? When did they fall ill? Was a statement taken from them and submitted to the authorities? Is there anyone who recognizes them? If a statement has been received, you must ask: What was the original disease? How old were they? How many days had they been ill before submitting the statement for questioning? How many days after obtaining the statement did they die? If there is no statement, ask why it could not be obtained. If it is a servant or slave, first obtain the deed/contract to check, and ask: Are there any relatives? What disease did they suffer from? Which doctor did they consult? What medicine did they take? Was a statement submitted to the authorities? If not, ask the reason for not taking the statement; then, determine based on collective evidence. If there are no other causes, obtain a collective verification record stating: "The whole body is yellow, bones are emaciated, and it is indeed confirmed that they died from [specific] illness." Also, obtain a document from the physician verifying the disease signs. If it is clearly verified by multiple witnesses that the person died of illness, and although no initial statement was taken, it is not an unnatural death, there is no need to issue a warrant requesting a re-examination.