升麻汤治小儿疮疹未出发热
升麻 葛根 芍药 甘草
上 咀水煎
按此足太阳阳明药也
钱氏四圣散治疮疹出不快
紫草 木通 甘草(炙) 枳壳(炒)
上等分为粗末每一钱水煎服陈氏加黄
按此足阳明手太阴药也
调肝散治疮疹大盛宜服此令疮不入眼
生犀(二钱半) 龙胆草(一钱) 黄 (半两) 大黄(二钱) 桑白皮(半两炒) 钩藤子(
各一钱) 石膏(半两) 麻黄 栝蒌 甘草
上为粗末每二钱水煎服食后
按此手太阴足阳明药也内外实者非此不可
化毒汤治豆疮已出不快
紫草茸 升麻 甘草(炙等分)
上 咀入粳米五十粒水煎
按此足阳明药也
鼠粘子汤治豆疮欲出未能得透皮肤热眼赤心烦咽嗌不利
鼠粘子(炒四钱) 荆芥穗(二钱) 甘草(一钱) 防风(半钱)
上为细末沸汤点服去防风名消毒散
按此太阳少阳药首论温平者此也
活血散治豆疮出不快
白芍药(炒一钱)
上为末酒调服腹痛温热水调下
按此正的太阴药也海藏云张和之治四肢出不快加防风大效
犀角地黄汤治疮疹出太盛便血或鼻衄
犀角(一两) 生地黄(二两) 赤芍(三分) 牡丹皮(一两)
上 咀三岁儿一二钱水煎服
按此足太阴少阴手太阴药也
葛根麦门冬散治小儿热毒斑疮出多心神烦闷
葛根 麦门冬(各三钱) 人参(二钱) 石膏(半两) 升麻 甘草 茯苓(各二钱) 赤芍
(一钱)
上 咀每三钱水煎服
按此足阳明手太阴药也
连翘散治疮痘发热
连翘 防风 栀子 甘草
上为末水煎
按此治热在外而不厥少阳药也
如圣饮子治疮疹毒攻咽嗌肿痛
桔梗 甘草 鼠粘子(炒各一两) 麦门冬(半两)
上为末竹叶同煎二三钱
按此手太阴少阴药也
解毒防风汤
防风 地骨皮 黄 芍药 荆芥 枳壳 鼠粘子(各半两)
上为粗末每服四五钱水煎
按此手足太阴药也
真牙汤治 疮黑陷者
人牙二枚烧存性入麝香少许
上为末用紫草升麻汤调下
御药院方无价散治 疮不出黑陷欲死者
人猫猪犬粪腊月内烧为灰
上为末每一字蜜汤调服量大小与之
按此二方劫剂也
当归丸治疮疹能食而大便秘
当归(半两) 甘草(一钱) 黄连 大黄(各二钱半)
上将归熬膏子入下三味末为丸渐加服至利为度
按此足阳明厥阴药也
枣变百祥丸
红牙大戟(去骨一两) 青州枣(去核三十个)
上用水一碗同煎至水尽为度去大戟不用将枣焙干可和作剂从少至多服至利为度
按此足少阴药也
陈氏异功散治小儿痘疮欲靥之际头温足指冷或腹胀泻渴气促或身不壮热闷乱不宁卧则哽
气烦渴切牙
木香(三钱半) 官桂(二钱) 当归(三钱半) 人参(二钱半) 茯苓(二钱) 陈皮 浓朴
(二钱半) 白术(二钱) 半夏(一钱半) 丁香 肉豆蔻(二钱半) 附子(一钱半)
上为粗末每二三钱水煎入姜枣
按此足太阳少阴厥阴手足太阴药也
谨按以上疮疹诸方有升散补脾凉血泻火清神攻
下温中补劫之法不同学人自宜取择
局方凉膈散治疮痘已出发热作渴脉实闷乱便实者
方见火门
谨按疮疡已发有寒热温凉不同形气虚盛之异以上二方宜对脉证选用有起死回生之效也足
阳明药
地骨皮鼠粘子汤 本方加地骨皮
桔梗甘草鼠粘子汤
桔梗甘草栀子汤
防风芍药甘草汤 并三味治证见前
升麻加紫草汤
升麻汤加紫草
荆芥甘草防风汤
三味治证见前
紫草甘草枳壳汤
四圣散减木通
连翘防风汤
前连翘散减栀子
并治证见前论
升麻汤：治疗小儿痘疹尚未发出时的发热症状。
药物组成：升麻、葛根、芍药、甘草。
煎服法：将药材切碎，加水煎煮服用。
按语：此方属于足太阳经和足阳明经的药物组合。
钱氏四圣散：治疗痘疹透发不畅。
药物组成：紫草、木通、炙甘草、炒枳壳。
煎服法：将上述药材等分研为粗末，每次取一钱，加水煎煮服用。陈氏在此基础上加入黄芩。
按语：此方属于足阳明经和手太阴经的药物组合。
调肝散：治疗痘疹炽盛时宜服用此方，以防止痘毒侵入眼睛。
药物组成：生犀角（二钱半）、龙胆草（一钱）、黄芩（半两）、大黄（二钱）、炒桑白皮（半两）、钩藤子（各一钱）、石膏（半两）、麻黄、栝蒌、甘草。
煎服法：将上述药材研为粗末，每次取二钱，饭后加水煎煮服用。
按语：此方属于手太阴经和足阳明经的药物组合。对于内外实证者，非此方不可用。
化毒汤：治疗豆疮（天花）已经发出但透发不畅。
药物组成：紫草茸、升麻、炙甘草（等分）。
煎服法：将药材切碎，加入五十粒粳米，加水煎煮。
按语：此方属于足阳明经的药物。
鼠粘子汤：治疗豆疮欲出而不能透彻，伴有皮肤发热、眼睛发红、心烦、咽喉不利等症状。
药物组成：炒牛蒡子（四钱）、荆芥穗（二钱）、甘草（一钱）、防风（半钱）。
煎服法：将上述药材研为细末，用沸水冲服。若去掉防风，则名为消毒散。
按语：此方属于足太阳经和足少阳经的药物。在首篇论述温平性质的方剂中，指的就是这一类。
活血散：治疗豆疮透发不畅。
药物组成：炒白芍药（一钱）。
煎服法：将药材研为末，用酒调服；若出现腹痛，用温热水调服。
按语：此方是纯正的足太阴经药物。海藏先生曾说，张子和治疗四肢透发不畅时，加入防风，效果极佳。
犀角地黄汤：治疗痘疹发出过于旺盛，导致便血或鼻出血。
药物组成：犀角（一两）、生地黄（二两）、赤芍（三分）、牡丹皮（一两）。
煎服法：将药材切碎，三岁儿童每次服用一二钱，加水煎煮。
按语：此方属于足太阴经、足少阴经和手太阴经的药物组合。
葛根麦门冬散：治疗小儿热毒斑疮发出过多，导致心神烦闷。
药物组成：葛根、麦门冬（各三钱）、人参（二钱）、石膏（半两）、升麻、甘草、茯苓（各二钱）、赤芍（一钱）。
煎服法：将药材切碎，每次取三钱，加水煎煮服用。
按语：此方属于足阳明经和手太阴经的药物组合。
连翘散：治疗疮痘发热。
药物组成：连翘、防风、栀子、甘草。
煎服法：将药材研为末，加水煎煮。
按语：此方用于治疗热邪在表而未发生厥逆的情况，属于足少阳经药物。
如圣饮子：治疗疮疹毒邪攻冲咽喉，导致肿痛。
药物组成：桔梗、甘草、炒牛蒡子（各一两）、麦门冬（半两）。
煎服法：将药材研为末，加竹叶同煎，每次服用二三钱。
按语：此方属于手太阴经和手少阴经的药物组合。
解毒防风汤
药物组成：防风、地骨皮、黄芩、芍药、荆芥、枳壳、牛蒡子（各半两）。
煎服法：将药材研为粗末，每次服用四五钱，加水煎煮。
按语：此方属于手太阴经和足太阴经的药物组合。
真牙汤：治疗痘疮黑陷的症状。
药物组成：人牙两枚（烧至存性），加入少许麝香。
煎服法：将药材研为末，用紫草升麻汤送服。
御药院方无价散：治疗痘疮不出、黑陷且濒临死亡的情况。
药物组成：人粪、猫粪、猪粪、狗粪，于腊月内烧成灰。
煎服法：将药灰研为末，每次取“一字”量，用蜜汤调服，根据患者年龄大小调整剂量。
按语：这两个方剂属于劫夺重症的峻剂。
当归丸：治疗痘疹期间患儿能进食但大便秘结。
药物组成：当归（半两）、甘草（一钱）、黄连、大黄（各二钱半）。
煎服法：先将当归熬制成膏，再加入其余三味药的粉末制成丸药，逐渐增加剂量，直到大便通畅为止。
按语：此方属于足阳明经和足厥阴经的药物组合。
枣变百祥丸
药物组成：去骨红牙大戟（一两）、青州枣（去核三十个）。
煎服法：用水一碗，与大戟同煎，直到水分煎干，去掉大戟不用，将枣焙干，可调和成制剂，从少量开始服用，逐渐增加剂量，直到大便通畅为止。
按语：此方属于足少阴经的药物。
陈氏异功散：治疗小儿痘疮即将收靥之际，出现头部温热而足趾冰冷，或腹胀、腹泻、口渴、气促，或身体不壮热、闷乱不安、卧时哽气、烦渴、切牙等症状。
药物组成：木香（三钱半）、官桂（二钱）、当归（三钱半）、人参（二钱半）、茯苓（二钱）、陈皮、浓朴（二钱半）、白术（二钱）、半夏（一钱半）、丁香、肉豆蔻（二钱半）、附子（一钱半）。
煎服法：将药材研为粗末，每次取二三钱，加水煎煮，加入生姜和大枣。
按语：此方属于足太阳经、足少阴经、足厥阴经以及手足太阴经的药物组合。
谨按：以上治疗疮疹的各种方剂，有升散、补脾、凉血、泻火、清神、攻下、温中、补劫等不同治法，学习者应当自行选取适用者。
局方凉膈散：治疗疮痘已经发出，伴有发热、口渴、脉象实、闷乱、大便实结等症状。
出处：见“火门”章节。
谨按：疮疡已经发出，有寒热温凉的不同，形体与正气有虚盛的差异。以上两个方剂适宜对照脉证选用，具有起死回生的功效。属于足阳明经药物。
地骨皮鼠粘子汤：即本方加入地骨皮。
桔梗甘草鼠粘子汤
桔梗甘草栀子汤
防风芍药甘草汤：这三味药治疗的证候见前文。
升麻加紫草汤：即升麻汤加入紫草。
荆芥甘草防风汤：这三味药治疗的证候见前文。
紫草甘草枳壳汤：即四圣散减去木通。
连翘防风汤：即前文连翘散减去栀子。
以上各方治疗的证候均见前文论述。
Shengma Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Cimicifuga Decoction): Treats fever in children when smallpox/rubella has not yet erupted.
Ingredients: Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
Preparation: Cut the herbs into pieces, decoct with water, and take orally.
Note: This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Taiyang and Foot-Yangming meridians.
Qian's Sisheng San (Four Holy Powders by Dr. Qian): Treats slow or incomplete eruption of smallpox/rubella.
Ingredients: Zicao (Arnebiae Radix seu Lithospermi Radix), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Chao Zhike (Stir-fried Aurantii Fructus Immaturus).
Preparation: Equal parts ground into a coarse powder. Take one qian per dose, decoct with water. Chen Shi added Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) to this formula.
Note: This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Yangming and Hand-Taiyin meridians.
Tiao Gan San (Liver-Regulating Powder): To be taken when smallpox/rubella is abundant, to prevent the toxin from invading the eyes.
Ingredients: Shengxi (Raw Rhinoceros Horn; note: substitute with Buffalo Horn in modern practice), Longdancao (Gentianae Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex), Goutengzi (Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
Preparation: Ground into a coarse powder. Take two qian per dose, decoct with water after meals.
Note: This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Hand-Taiyin and Foot-Yangming meridians. It is indispensable for cases of excess syndrome both internally and externally.
Huadu Tang (Toxin-Dissolving Decoction): Treats smallpox that has erupted but fails to spread fully.
Ingredients: Zicaorong (Arnebiae Radix seu Lithospermi Radix), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Zhigancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) in equal proportions.
Preparation: Cut into pieces, add 50 grains of Jingmi (Oryza Sativa Germen), decoct with water, and take.
Note: This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Yangming meridian.
Niuzangzi Tang (Burdock Seed Decoction): Treats smallpox that desires to erupt but cannot penetrate the skin, accompanied by skin heat, red eyes, irritability, and difficulty in the throat.
Ingredients: Chao Niuzangzi (Stir-fried Arctii Fructus), Jingjiesui (Schizonepetae Spica), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix).
Preparation: Ground into a fine powder. Take with boiling water. If Fangfeng is removed, it is named Xiaodu San (Toxin-Dispersing Powder).
Note: This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Taiyang and Foot-Shaoyang meridians. In the initial discussion of warm and neutral formulas, this refers to such categories.
Huoxue San (Blood-Invigorating Powder): Treats smallpox that fails to spread fully.
Ingredients: Chao Baishaoyao (Stir-fried White Peony Root).
Preparation: Ground into powder. Mix with wine for administration. If abdominal pain occurs, mix with warm water.
Note: This is a pure formula for the Foot-Taiyin meridian. Haizang stated that Zhang Hezhi treated incomplete eruption of the limbs by adding Fangfeng, achieving excellent results.
Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction): Treats excessive eruption of smallpox/rubella leading to hematochezia or epistaxis.
Ingredients: Xijiao (Hornis Rhinocerotis; note: substitute with Cornu Bubali in modern practice), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Recens), Chi Shao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex).
Preparation: Cut into pieces. For three-year-old children, take one to two qian, decoct with water, and take.
Note: This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Taiyin, Foot-Shaoyin, and Hand-Taiyin meridians.
Gegen Maidong San (Kudzu and Ophiopogon Powder): Treats pediatric heat-toxic macules and sores where excessive eruption causes mental restlessness and oppression.
Ingredients: Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber) each 3 qian; Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) 2 qian; Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) half liang; Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria) each 2 qian; Chi Shao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) 1 qian.
Preparation: Cut into pieces. Take three qian per dose, decoct with water, and take.
Note: This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Yangming and Hand-Taiyin meridians.
Lianqiao San (Forsythia Powder): Treats fever caused by sores and pox.
Ingredients: Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
Preparation: Ground into powder, decoct with water, and take.
Note: This treats heat located on the exterior without cold extremities (Jue), belonging to the Foot-Shaoyang meridian.
Rusheng Yinzi (Like-Sage Infusion): Treats soreness and swelling of the throat due to toxin attack from smallpox/rubella.
Ingredients: Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Chao Niuzangzi (Stir-fried Arctii Fructus) each 1 liang; Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber) half liang.
Preparation: Ground into powder. Decoct with Zhu Ye (Bambusa Leaves), take two to three qian per dose.
Note: This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Hand-Taiyin and Hand-Shaoyin meridians.
Jiedu Fangfeng Tang (Detoxifying Saposhnikovia Decoction)
Ingredients: Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Digupi (Lycii Cortex), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Niuzangzi (Arctii Fructus) each half liang.
Preparation: Ground into a coarse powder. Take four to five qian per dose, decoct with water, and take.
Note: This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Hand-Taiyin and Foot-Taiyin meridians.
Zhenya Tang (True Tooth Decoction): Treats black depression of smallpox/rubella lesions.
Ingredients: Renya (Human Teeth) two pieces, burned until carbonized but retaining efficacy (Cunxing), with a small amount of Shexiang (Moschus).
Preparation: Ground into powder. Take down with Zicao Shengma Tang (Arnebia-Cimicifuga Decoction).
Yuyuan Yuanfang Wuji San (Imperial Pharmacy Office Priceless Powder): Treats smallpox/rubella that does not erupt, turns black/depressed, and approaches death.
Ingredients: Human feces, cat feces, pig feces, dog feces, burned to ash in the twelfth lunar month.
Preparation: Ground into powder. Take one "zi" (a very small measure) per dose, mixed with honey water. Adjust dosage according to age and size.
Note: These two formulas are drastic measures (Jie Ji) for critical conditions.
Danggui Wan (Angelica Pill): Treats smallpox/rubella where the patient can eat but suffers from constipation.
Ingredients: Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) half liang; Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 1 qian; Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) each 2.5 qian.
Preparation: First, boil Danggui into a paste. Add the powders of the other three ingredients to form pills. Gradually increase the dose until bowel movement is achieved.
Note: This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Yangming and Foot-Jueyin meridians.
Zao Bian Baixiang Wan (Date-Transformed Baixiang Pill)
Ingredients: Qu Gu Hongya Daji (Red-stemmed Euphorbia without bone) 1 liang; Qingzhou Zao (Qingzhou Dates) pitted, 30 pieces.
Preparation: Simmer together in one bowl of water until the water is exhausted. Remove Daji. Dry the dates by baking. Form into doses. Start with a small dose and gradually increase until bowel movement is achieved.
Note: This formula belongs to the Foot-Shaoyin meridian.
Chen's Yigong San (Chen's Extraordinary Merit Powder): Treats pediatric smallpox/rubella during the crusting phase, presenting with warmth in the head but cold toes, abdominal distension, diarrhea, thirst, rapid breathing, lack of strong fever, mental confusion, restlessness, sighing while lying down, irritability, teeth grinding.
Ingredients: Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) 3.5 qian; Guanzi Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex) 2 qian; Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 3.5 qian; Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) 2.5 qian; Fuling (Poria) 2 qian; Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium); Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) 2.5 qian; Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) 2 qian; Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber) 1.5 qian; Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos); Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen) 2.5 qian; Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) 1.5 qian.
Preparation: Ground into a coarse powder. Take two to three qian per dose, decoct with water, adding Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) and Zao (Jujubae Fructus).
Note: This formula consists of herbs belonging to the Foot-Taiyang, Foot-Shaoyin, Foot-Jueyin, Hand-Taiyin, and Foot-Taiyin meridians.
Careful Note: The above formulas for treating smallpox/rubella employ various methods including ascending and dispersing, spleen-tonifying, blood-cooling, fire-purging, spirit-clearing, purgation, middle-warming, and drastic rescue. Students should select appropriately based on the condition.
Ju Fang Liangge San (Standard Bureau Cooling Chest Powder): Treats smallpox/rubella that has erupted, accompanied by fever, thirst, excess pulse, mental oppression, and constipation.
Source: See the "Fire Gate" chapter.
Careful Note: Once sores/ulcers have erupted, there are differences in cold, heat, warmth, and coolness, as well as variations in physical constitution and qi deficiency or excess. The above two formulas should be selected according to the pulse and symptoms, possessing the effect of bringing the dying back to life. They belong to the Foot-Yangming meridian category.
Digupi Niuzangzi Tang (Baile Lily Bark and Burdock Seed Decoction): This formula adds Digupi (Lycii Cortex) to the base formula.
Jiegeng Gancao Niuzangzi Tang (Platycodon, Licorice, and Burdock Seed Decoction)
Jiegeng Gancao Zhizi Tang (Platycodon, Licorice, and Gardenia Decoction)
Fangfeng Shaoyao Gancao Tang (Saposhnikovia, Peony, and Licorice Decoction): These three herbs treat the syndromes mentioned previously.
Shengma Jia Zicao Tang (Cimicifuga Plus Arnebia Decoction): Shengma Tang plus Zicao.
Jingjie Gancao Fangfeng Tang (Schizonepeta, Licorice, and Saposhnikovia Decoction): These three herbs treat the syndromes mentioned previously.
Zicao Gancao Zhike Tang (Arnebia, Licorice, and Aurantium Decoction): Sisheng San minus Mutong.
Lianqiao Fangfeng Tang (Forsythia and Saposhnikovia Decoction): Previous Lianqiao San minus Zhizi.
The syndromes treated by all the above are discussed in the preceding text.