冯鲁瞻曰∶小儿百日内嗽，名为乳嗽。肺叶尤娇，最易伤损，更须急治，久则血
脉贯瞳，两眶紫黑，或眼白珠红，赤如血，名曰血眼。当用生地、黑豆共研成膏，掩
于眼上，则眶黑自消，血随泪出，自愈。
凡属金针眼科，内障外障，风火时眼，一切风丝尘沙入目，皆汇于此部中，以便检阅参治。
《秘笈》曰∶夫瞳仁轻膜裹水，照彻四方，乃先天精液肇始之元灵，人身之至宝，
如日月丽天，着明而不可掩者也。
\r五轮图\p04-a41a55.bmp\r
锐 即小 ，属心与小肠，上下胞属脾胃名肉轮，瞳人属肾名水轮，黑珠属肝名风
轮，白珠属肺名气轮，大 属心名血轮。
心经属火大小 ，赤脉侵睛痒涩眵，如针刺痛诸般候，心家虚热急须知，若还小
便赤与淋，内多蕴热医休迟， 肉侵睛无别证，膀胱阳 邪在兹，小 有疾莫乱治，三焦小肠二经同。
肝经属木应乌珠，淡紫色兮病全无，黑乃本经受风克，眼见飞花是肝虚，昏暗酒
色劳伤过，红多滞血客热聚，眼珠疼痛并黄色，肝血不足补乃愈。
脾经属土上下胞，红肿皆因风热饶，紫色滞血多凝结，羞明怕日湿热招，两胞浮
肿缘何病，皆因脾胃不调和，内生斑疮并蚬肉，两经积热血难消，眉骨眼眶酸与痛，
风痰作楚或房劳，上胞肿涩难睁视，色欲伤神为阿娇，拳毛倒睫无他故，脾肺亏兮急早疗。
肺经属金应白珠，纯净光洁则无虞，若还红肿过高起，肺气壅塞大便迟，淡红虚
热黄因湿，鼻塞涕泪风受之。
\r十二经络图\p04-a41a56.bmp\r
\r八廓图\p04-a41a57.bmp\r
肾经属水应瞳仁，黑如椒子光有神，散大胆肾亏损致，惊恐卒然有此因，黄翳遮
睛昏且泪，肾虚时见黑花频，赤属积热暗酒色，紧小精亏急养身。
足太阳膀胱见证∶头痛两边最甚，眼泪淋漓时流，睛明穴溃脓病，翳从内 出
来，攀睛 肉遮横，白睛积血凝滞，赤脉多生眼中，小便频数不休，痈疽陡起热盛，
上胞内 红肿，偷针诸候皆应。
足阳明胃经见证∶齿痛头疼相并，黄膜上冲睛瞳，翳下而上遮定，蚬肉时时呕
吐，下胞红肿为病。
足少阳胆经见证∶口苦时多重听，锐 赤脉翳生，胁痛皆由胆病。
手太阳小肠见证∶锐 赤脉为病，翳自抵过上生，白睛血灌红胜，小便赤且涩
兮，急投汤散须慎。
手阳明大肠见证∶白睛肿赤为病，眵多又兼流泪，便结下之须迅。
手少阳三焦见证∶锐 赤脉牵定，翳自客主斜下，投剂宜清应病。
足太阳脾经见证∶九窍不通为病，怠情嗜卧兼之，羞明怕日相应，上胞浮肿堪
嗟，睫闭不开若瞑， 疮风粟面黄，发热吐泻无定，倒睫拳毛内生，几般医者当认。
足厥阴肝经见证∶瞳仁散大多瞑，脑脂直贯睛中，时或眼跳无定，黑珠突然高
起，不能正视珠痛，泪出昏眩可嗟，花陷皆由虚甚，蟹眼或多雀盲，黑花空中掩映，
目恙有一于此，便是肝家之病。
昏如雾露见花飞，瞳仁紧小肾精亏，或亦有人病散大，神水混色光渐微，冷泪脑
脂直流下，头痛足冷虚极推，膜入水轮诸证候，足少阴肾经所归。
手厥阴经心包络，神水紧小急投药，赤环如带口且干，手心发热病将作。
翳自抵过而下生，赤脉如丝直贯睛，健忘更尔多惊悸， 紧急不分明，痛如针
刺时或痒，血灌瞳仁防目盲，诸般证候因何起，手少阴心经所成。
不疼不痛自昏蒙，薄雾轻烟渐渐浓，或见蝇头飞乱出，或如悬 在虚空，此般病
证如何得，肝脏停留热毒风，大叫大啼惊与恐，脑脂流下黑睛中，初时一眼先昏暗，
次第相牵与一同，万般苦楚空憔悴，只缘肝气不相通，日久双眸全黑暗，内障更深
药罔功。（《内障上编》）
内障圆形廿四般，后学医人贵得传，金针宜用与忌用，认证糊涂怎得痊，开针远
近须根据法，针形各异莫同焉，病虚胎产兼怀孕，遇此休针是要言，不风不雨兼吉日，
清斋七日念须虔，安心定气耐烦守，避风静卧禁人喧，冷热调和虚共实，宽怀忘虑
色忧煎，见血莫惊须下手，裹封密室暖为先，忽然撞起膜重上，服药三旬见朗然，七
日解封能视物，花生水动莫疑猜，还睛丸子常常服，百日功完复旧元。（《内障中篇》）
内障金针下了时，将息之方要备知，严冬紧裹常温暖，夏日休将纨扇施，头眠软
枕须安稳，仰卧三朝莫厌迟，封后忽然微有痛，脑风牵动莫他疑，或针或拨根据经法，
痛极仍将艾熨之，呕吐豉椒汤急服，定神安胃在良医，起动劳神俱谨戒，颠翻倒卧
莫从伊芳，七朝薄粥温温食，振着牙关事不宜，大小便时须缓缓，毋令自去要扶持，高
声喊叫兼因气，惊动睛轮见雪飞，收心莫忆阴阳事，夫妇恩情切断离，一月不须淋
洗脸，针痕湿着痛微微，调养五七睛光复，寡欲清心病自除。（《内障下编》）
天有二曜，人有两目，因酒色过度，调摄失宜，恼怒所伤，肝气冲动，脑脂流下。
其目系，系于脑，带于肝，脑中恶气从目系而入于瞳人面前，久而脂坚凝结成翳，遮
蔽瞳人，故此失明，俗呼为瞳人反背。瞳人者非人之人，乃仁德之仁也，一名眸子，
无手足，如日月之形，前后俱有明光，岂有反背之理？惟是脑脂灌睛，遮蔽瞳人，名
为内障，用金针拨开脑脂，瞳人浮上，脑脂沉下，如云开风日，顷刻明矣。
夫人之眼，白睛如杏子，乌珠如杏核，瞳人如杏仁，所谓眸子也。白睛最坚，属
肺金，五内护睛水如鸡子清之稠浓，瞳人
托在正中窠内。乌珠属肝，外结一层浮皮，内含清气包定瞳人在内，一泓一点之微者，
乃先天元气结而成者也，是皆生生自然之道。目乃肝之窍，其形圆大，上有一蒂一
系，系于脑内，连风府自夹脊而下，贯通肝脏；肝藏血，血荣于目，年少之人，水
火既济，阴阳升降，故光明，年老气血亏损，故昏暗。（《瞳人根源论》）
李东垣曰∶五脏六腑，十二经脉，三百六十五络，其气血皆上于面而走于空窍，
清阳之气上散于目而为睛，走于耳而为听。因心烦事冗，饮食失节，劳役过度，以致
脾胃亏弱心火盛。心火者，君火也，主人之神，宜静而安，相火代君行令。相火者，
心包络也，百脉皆荣于目，既劳役运动，势乃妄行，百脉沸腾，邪害空窍，瞳人中神
水既无滋养，反受火炽，则渐渐昏耗而失明矣。
内障青菜色者不针；白如粉墙者不针；黄心内障者不针；头风内障者不针。惊振
内障者不针；瞳人散大者不针；瞳人紧小者不针。
内障阳看小阴看大者，可针其障，务宜收放方好。若不收放者不针。障翳白色
者可针，白带微蓝可针，此二色多糙米色者可针，蓝色者可针。其障嫩故也。
凡金针之柄以紫檀、花梨或犀角为之，长二寸八分，如弓弦粗，两头钻眼深四分，
又用上好赤金子抽粗丝长一寸，用干面调清漆，嵌入眼中，外余六分，略尖些，不
可太锋利，恐伤瞳仁。平时以鹅毛管套之，藏于匣内，临时供于佛前，用之无有不验
者也。此龙树王菩萨神针式也。
凡针内障，逢朔望日对神对佛通乡贯姓名祝救。 用针者念咒七遍，书一道符
封针，临时必先斋戒，设供香烛之类，又书符一道，取太阳神光接其眼光，亦念咒
大叫救苦救难南海观世音菩萨，其针自转，令针者心胆大开不惊。先书后三光符，下
针宜用开、成、除、收日，并天气睛明。忌用子日。
咒∶清净眼，紫金灯，酒酒水，离黄沙，满藏经，千眼千手千龙王，文殊大士
骑狮子，普贤菩萨骑象王，日神夜神，云膜内障尽消除。强中强，吉中吉，波罗会
上有殊利，眼中一切得光明，清净般若波罗蜜。开铁三光符。
画符默念三句咒∶取日光，接神光，明目光。
\r金针式\p04-a41a58.bmp\r
\r开针三光符\p04-a41a59.bmp\r
若针后疼痛；急取生艾或干艾同生葱一把捣，铜锅内炒热，布袋盛，熨太阳穴三五次，即止。
用水法∶凡拨内障，先汲井水以盆盛注于桌上，令病者以面就盆，用针之人侧
坐，以手蘸水于眼上，连眉骨淋洗，使眼中脑脂得水乃凝。以水洗透数十次为度，
然后用针，庶几随手而下不粘滞矣。
拨内障手法∶医者用金针拨眼，必要知其八法。然六法易传，而二法巧妙在于
医者手眼，只可意会，不能言传。所以难传难授，眼如隔垣取物，手如探囊取物，方
能拨下翳来。人之两眼，乃水之精，如无二法，难以用针治之。
凡用金针，先令患者以冷水洗眼如冰，使气血不得流行为度。先用左手大指、次
指按定眼珠，勿令转动，次用右手持三棱针，离黑珠米许，针一穴。白珠甚浓，必
要手准力完，重针则破。然后用金针斜回，针首入穴内，观看针首至患处即止；如过
毫厘，伤于心脉，其人即呕。然后用手法将针轻轻推压，其翳自然抱针，方许拨下，
送至白珠，藏在护精水内尽处。然后出针。针不宜出早，若出早其翳即复，则前功尽废矣。
\r封针符\p04-a41a60.bmp\r
一要用水洗灌得法，二要知气血凝与不凝，三要知三棱针开锋远近，四五要知
进针手之轻重、深浅，六要知藏翳送至护精水底。七法八法巧妙出于人心，应乎手
眼，难以笔墨相传。针毕时根据法封固，调理得所，自然痊矣。
封眼法∶预收芙蓉半老绿叶晒干为末，井水调匀。以绵纸剪如茶盅口大圆块。先
将敷药敷眼眉棱上及下眶，以纸一层封贴药上，又上药一层，盖纸一层封定，候将
干以笔蘸水润之。日夜数次，夏月倍之，一日一换，仰面而卧，或将针眼向上就枕，防
脂泛上也。凡起坐、饭食及大小二便俱宜缓，不可惊动。三日内只用稀粥、熟烂肴
馔，不可振动牙齿；三日后开封，视物服药，静养为主。
冯鲁瞻说：婴儿在出生一百天内出现咳嗽，称为“乳嗽”。此时肺叶特别娇嫩，最容易受到损伤，必须紧急治疗；如果拖延日久，会导致血脉贯通瞳孔，眼眶呈现紫黑色，或者眼白部分发红，红得像血一样，这种情况被称为“血眼”。应当使用生地黄和黑豆共同研磨成膏状，敷盖在眼睛上，这样眼眶的黑紫色自然会消退，血液随泪水排出，疾病即可自愈。
凡是属于金针眼科治疗的范畴，包括内障、外障、风火引起的时行眼病，以及一切风丝、尘沙进入眼睛的情况，都汇集在本部中，以便于查阅和参考治疗。
《秘笈》中说：瞳孔被一层轻膜包裹着水液，能够照亮四方，这是先天精液起始的本源灵性，是人体最宝贵的东西，就像太阳和月亮高悬天空，明亮而不可遮蔽。
五轮图（图片）
锐眦（眼角）即小眦，属心与小肠经；上下眼睑属于脾胃，称为肉轮；瞳孔属肾，称为水轮；黑眼球（虹膜/角膜区域）属肝，称为风轮；白眼球（巩膜）属肺，称为气轮；大眦（内眼角）属心，称为血轮。
心经属火，大小眦赤脉侵入睛球，伴有瘙痒涩痛和多眼屎，像针刺痛等各种症状，如果是心家虚热必须急知；如果小便赤红且淋沥不尽，说明体内蕴藏热邪，医生不要延误治疗。肉轮侵及睛球没有其他证候，是膀胱阳气受邪所致；小眦有疾病不要乱治，三焦和小肠两经同治。
肝经属木，对应黑眼球，颜色淡紫表示没有疾病；黑色是本经受风克制所致，眼前见飞花飞舞是肝虚的表现；昏暗是由于酒色过度劳累损伤；红色多是滞血和客热聚集；眼珠疼痛并伴有黄色分泌物，肝血不足通过补益即可痊愈。
脾经属土，对应上下眼睑，红肿都是因为风热过多；紫色表示滞血多凝结；羞明怕日是湿热招致；双眼睑浮肿是什么病？都是由于脾胃不调和；内生斑疮和蚬肉，两经积热血难消；眉骨眼眶酸痛，可能是风痰作祟或房劳过度；上眼睑肿涩难以睁眼视物，色欲伤神导致阿娇病（此处指某种眼疾）；拳毛倒睫没有其他缘故，是脾肺亏损，必须及早治疗。
肺经属金，对应白眼球，纯净光洁则无危险；如果红肿过高突起，是肺气壅塞大便迟缓；淡红为虚热，黄色因湿，鼻塞涕泪是受风所致。
十二经络图（图片）
八廓图（图片）
肾经属水，对应瞳孔，黑如椒子且目光有神；散大是胆肾亏损导致，惊恐突然有此原因；黄翳遮蔽睛球昏沉且流泪，肾虚时常看见黑花频繁出现；赤色属于积热，暗酒色导致；紧小是精亏，急需调养身体。
足太阳膀胱经见证：头痛两侧最严重，眼泪淋漓不时流出，睛明穴溃脓生病，翳从内部出来，攀睛胬肉遮挡横亘，白睛积血凝滞，赤脉多生在眼中，小便频数不停，痈疽突然起势热盛，上眼睑内部红肿，偷针（麦粒肿）诸种症状都应验。
足阳明胃经见证：齿痛头疼相并，黄膜上冲至睛瞳，翳从下而上遮挡定住，蚬肉时时呕吐，下眼睑红肿为病。
足少阳胆经见证：口苦时常重听，锐眦赤脉翳生，胁痛皆由胆病引起。
手太阳小肠经见证：锐眦赤脉为病，翳自抵过上边生长，白睛血灌红胜，小便赤且涩，急投汤药散剂须谨慎。
手阳明大肠经见证：白睛肿赤为病，眼屎多又兼流泪，便秘需迅速通下。
手少阳三焦经见证：锐眦赤脉牵定，翳自客主斜下，投药宜清应病。
足太阴脾经见证：九窍不通为病，怠惰嗜卧兼之，羞明怕日相应，上眼睑浮肿可叹，睫毛闭合不开若瞑目，疮风粟面黄，发热吐泻无定，倒睫拳毛内生，几种情况医者应当认清。
足厥阴肝经见证：瞳孔散大多瞑目，脑脂直贯睛中，时而眼跳无定，黑珠突然高起，不能正视珠痛，泪出昏眩可叹，花陷皆由虚甚，蟹眼或多雀盲，黑花空中掩映，目恙有一于此，便是肝家之病。
昏如雾露见花飞，瞳孔紧小肾精亏，或亦有人病散大，神水混色光渐微，冷泪脑脂直流下，头痛足冷虚极推，膜入水轮诸证候，足少阴肾经所归。
手厥阴经心包络，神水紧小急投药，赤环如带口且干，手心发热病将作。
翳自抵过而下生，赤脉如丝直贯睛，健忘更尔多惊悸，紧急不分明，痛如针刺时或痒，血灌瞳仁防目盲，诸般证候因何起，手少阴心经所成。
不疼不痛自昏蒙，薄雾轻烟渐渐浓，或见蝇头飞乱出，或如悬镜在虚空，此般病证如何得，肝脏停留热毒风，大叫大啼惊与恐，脑脂流下黑睛中，初时一眼先昏暗，次第相牵与一同，万般苦楚空憔悴，只缘肝气不相通，日久双眸全黑暗，内障更深药罔功。（《内障上编》）
内障圆形廿四般，后学医人贵得传，金针宜用与忌用，认证糊涂怎得痊，开针远近须根据法，针形各异莫同焉，病虚胎产兼怀孕，遇此休针是要言，不风不雨兼吉日，清斋七日念须虔，安心定气耐烦守，避风静卧禁人喧，冷热调和虚共实，宽怀忘虑色忧煎，见血莫惊须下手，裹封密室暖为先，忽然撞起膜重上，服药三旬见朗然，七日解封能视物，花生水动莫疑猜，还睛丸子常常服，百日功完复旧元。（《内障中篇》）
内障金针下了时，将息之方要备知，严冬紧裹常温暖，夏日休将纨扇施，头眠软枕须安稳，仰卧三朝莫厌迟，封后忽然微有痛，脑风牵动莫他疑，或针或拨根据经法，痛极仍将艾熨之，呕吐豉椒汤急服，定神安胃在良医，起动劳神俱谨戒，颠翻倒卧莫从伊芳，七朝薄粥温温食，振着牙关事不宜，大小便时须缓缓，毋令自去要扶持，高声喊叫兼因气，惊动睛轮见雪飞，收心莫忆阴阳事，夫妇恩情切断离，一月不须洗脸，针痕湿着痛微微，调养五七睛光复，寡欲清心病自除。（《内障下编》）
天有二曜，人有两目，因酒色过度，调摄失宜，恼怒所伤，肝气冲动，脑脂流下。其目系，系于脑，带于肝，脑中恶气从目系而入于瞳人面前，久而脂坚凝结成翳，遮蔽瞳人，故此失明，俗呼为瞳人反背。瞳人者非人之人，乃仁德之仁也，一名眸子，无手足，如日月之形，前后俱有明光，岂有反背之理？惟是脑脂灌睛，遮蔽瞳人，名为内障，用金针拨开脑脂，瞳人浮上，脑脂沉下，如云开风日，顷刻明矣。
夫人之眼，白睛如杏子，乌珠如杏核，瞳人如杏仁，所谓眸子也。白睛最坚，属肺金，五内护睛水如鸡子清之稠浓，瞳人托在正中窠内。乌珠属肝，外结一层浮皮，内含清气包定瞳人在内，一泓一点之微者，乃先天元气结而成者也，是皆生生自然之道。目乃肝之窍，其形圆大，上有一蒂一系，系于脑内，连风府自夹脊而下，贯通肝脏；肝藏血，血荣于目，年少之人，水火既济，阴阳升降，故光明，年老气血亏损，故昏暗。（《瞳人根源论》）
李东垣说：五脏六腑，十二经脉，三百六十五络，其气血皆上于面而走于空窍，清阳之气上散于目而为睛，走于耳而为听。因心烦事冗，饮食失节，劳役过度，以致脾胃亏弱心火盛。心火者，君火也，主人之神，宜静而安，相火代君行令。相火者，心包络也，百脉皆荣于目，既劳役运动，势乃妄行，百脉沸腾，邪害空窍，瞳人中神水既无滋养，反受火炽，则渐渐昏耗而失明矣。
内障青菜色者不针；白如粉墙者不针；黄心内障者不针；头风内障者不针。惊振内障者不针；瞳人散大者不针；瞳人紧小者不针。
内障阳看小阴看大者，可针其障，务宜收放方好。若不收放者不针。障翳白色者可针，白带微蓝可针，此二色多糙米色者可针，蓝色者可针。其障嫩故也。
凡金针之柄以紫檀、花梨或犀角为之，长二寸八分，如弓弦粗，两头钻眼深四分，又用上好赤金子抽粗丝长一寸，用干面调清漆，嵌入眼中，外余六分，略尖些，不可太锋利，恐伤瞳仁。平时以鹅毛管套之，藏于匣内，临时供于佛前，用之无有不验者也。此龙树王菩萨神针式也。
凡针内障，逢朔望日对神对佛通乡贯姓名祝救。 用针者念咒七遍，书一道符封针，临时必先斋戒，设供香烛之类，又书符一道，取太阳神光接其眼光，亦念咒大叫救苦救难南海观世音菩萨，其针自转，令针者心胆大开不惊。先书后三光符，下针宜用开、成、除、收日，并天气睛明。忌用子日。
咒：清净眼，紫金灯，酒酒水，离黄沙，满藏经，千眼千手千龙王，文殊大士骑狮子，普贤菩萨骑象王，日神夜神，云膜内障尽消除。强中强，吉中吉，波罗会上有殊利，眼中一切得光明，清净般若波罗蜜。开铁三光符。
金针式（图片）
若针后疼痛；急取生艾或干艾同生葱一把捣，铜锅内炒热，布袋盛，熨太阳穴三五次，即止。
用水法：凡拨内障，先汲井水以盆盛注于桌上，令病者以面就盆，用针之人侧坐，以手蘸水于眼上，连眉骨淋洗，使眼中脑脂得水乃凝。以水洗透数十次为度，然后用针，庶几随手而下不粘滞矣。
拨内障手法：医者用金针拨眼，必要知其八法。然六法易传，而二法巧妙在于医者手眼，只可意会，不能言传。所以难传难授，眼如隔垣取物，手如探囊取物，方能拨下翳来。人之两眼，乃水之精，如无二法，难以用针治之。
凡用金针，先令患者以冷水洗眼如冰，使气血不得流行为度。先用左手大指、次指按定眼珠，勿令转动，次用右手持三棱针，离黑珠米许，针一穴。白珠甚浓，必须要手准力完，重针则破。然后用金针斜回，针首入穴内，观看针首至患处即止；如过毫厘，伤于心脉，其人即呕。然后用手法将针轻轻推压，其翳自然抱针，方许拨下，送至白珠，藏在护精水内尽处。然后出针。针不宜出早，若出早其翳即复，则前功尽废矣。
一要用水洗灌得法，二要知气血凝与不凝，三要知三棱针开锋远近，四五要知进针手之轻重、深浅，六要知藏翳送至护精水底。七法八法巧妙出于人心，应乎手眼，难以笔墨相传。针毕时根据法封固，调理得所，自然痊矣。
封眼法：预收芙蓉半老绿叶晒干为末，井水调匀。以绵纸剪如茶盅口大圆块。先将敷药敷眼眉棱上及下眶，以纸一层封贴药上，又上药一层，盖纸一层封定，候将干以笔蘸水润之。日夜数次，夏月倍之，一日一换，仰面而卧，或将针眼向上就枕，防脂泛上也。凡起坐、饭食及大小二便俱宜缓，不可惊动。三日内只用稀粥、熟烂肴馔，不可振动牙齿；三日后开封，视物服药，静养为主。
Feng Luzhan stated: Cough in infants within one hundred days of birth is called "milk cough" (Ru Sou). At this stage, the lung lobes are particularly delicate and most susceptible to damage; urgent treatment is required. If neglected for a long time, blood vessels may penetrate the pupil, the eye sockets may turn purple-black, or the sclera (white part of the eye) may become red like blood, a condition known as "blood eye" (Xue Yan). One should grind Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) and Hei Dou (Black Soybean) together into a paste, apply it over the eyes, and the purple-black discoloration of the sockets will naturally subside, with blood discharging along with tears, leading to spontaneous recovery.
All conditions treated by gold-needle ophthalmology, including internal cataracts (Nei Zhang), external cataracts (Wai Zhang), epidemic eye diseases caused by wind and fire, and any foreign bodies such as wind filaments or dust entering the eye, are compiled in this section for easy reference and treatment consultation.
The *Secret Manual* states: The pupil is wrapped in a thin membrane containing fluid, capable of illuminating all directions. It is the primordial spirit originating from the congenital essence, the greatest treasure of the human body, like the sun and moon shining in the sky, bright and unobscurable.
Five Wheels Diagram [Image]
The outer canthus (small corner of the eye) belongs to the Heart and Small Intestine meridians; the upper and lower eyelids belong to the Spleen and Stomach, named the Flesh Wheel (Rou Lun); the pupil belongs to the Kidney, named the Water Wheel (Shui Lun); the black cornea/iris area belongs to the Liver, named the Wind Wheel (Feng Lun); the white sclera belongs to the Lung, named the Qi Wheel (Qi Lun); the inner canthus (large corner of the eye) belongs to the Heart, named the Blood Wheel (Xue Lun).
The Heart Meridian belongs to Fire. Red vessels invading the eyeball at the canthi, accompanied by itching, astringency, and excessive discharge, feeling like needle pricks, indicate various symptoms. If due to deficiency-heat in the Heart, it must be addressed urgently. If urine is red and dysuric, it indicates internal heat accumulation; physicians should not delay treatment. If the flesh wheel invades the eyeball without other symptoms, it is due to pathogenic factors in the Yang of the Bladder. Diseases of the small canthus should not be treated randomly; the San Jiao and Small Intestine meridians should be treated together.
The Liver Meridian belongs to Wood, corresponding to the black cornea/iris. A pale purple color indicates no disease. Blackness indicates the meridian has been overcome by wind; seeing flying flowers before the eyes indicates Liver deficiency. Dimness results from excessive alcohol and sexual activity. Redness often indicates stagnant blood and exogenous heat aggregation. Eye pain with yellow discharge indicates insufficient Liver blood, which heals with tonification.
The Spleen Meridian belongs to Earth, corresponding to the upper and lower eyelids. Redness and swelling are caused by excess wind-heat. Purple color indicates stagnant blood coagulation. Photophobia and fear of sunlight are induced by damp-heat. Swelling of both eyelids is due to disharmony of the Spleen and Stomach. Internal generation of macules and clam-like fleshy growths, with accumulated blood in the two meridoids difficult to dissipate. Soreness and pain in the brow bone and eye socket may be caused by wind-phlegm or sexual exhaustion. Swollen and astringent upper eyelids making vision difficult, or conditions like trichiasis and entropion, stem from Spleen and Lung deficiency and require early treatment.
The Lung Meridian belongs to Metal, corresponding to the white sclera. Purity and brightness indicate safety. Redness and high swelling indicate Lung Qi stagnation and constipation. Pale red indicates deficiency-heat; yellow indicates dampness; nasal congestion, runny nose, and tearing indicate wind invasion.
Twelve Meridians Diagram [Image]
Eight Palaces Diagram [Image]
The Kidney Meridian belongs to Water, corresponding to the pupil. Black like pepper seeds with spirited gaze is normal. Dilation is caused by Gallbladder and Kidney deficiency, or sudden fright. Yellow opacity obscuring the pupil with dimness and tearing indicates Kidney deficiency with frequent visual floaters. Redness indicates accumulated heat; darkness from alcohol/sex; tightness and constriction indicate essence deficiency, requiring urgent nourishment.
Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian manifestations: Severe headache on both sides, profuse tearing, suppuration at Jingming (BL1) acupoint, opacities emerging from within, pterygium covering horizontally, blood stasis in the sclera, excessive red vessels in the eye, frequent urination, sudden onset of carbuncles with intense heat, internal redness and swelling of the upper eyelid, and hordeolum (stye) symptoms.
Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian manifestations: Toothache combined with headache, yellow membrane rising to cover the pupil, opacity blocking from below upwards, clam-like growths with vomiting, and redness/swelling of the lower eyelid.
Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian manifestations: Bitter taste in the mouth with occasional deafness, red vessels and opacity at the canthus, hypochondriac pain due to Gallbladder disease.
Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian manifestations: Red vessels at the canthus, opacity growing from the superior margin, hyperemia of the sclera, red and astringent urine; urgent administration of decoctions/powders is required with caution.
Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian manifestations: Swollen and red sclera, excessive discharge and tearing; constipation requires rapid purgation.
Hand-Shaoyang San Jiao Meridian manifestations: Red vessels tethering the canthus, opacity slanting downwards from guest to master palace; clearing prescriptions should be used according to the disease.
Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian manifestations: Obstruction of the nine orifices, lethargy and drowsiness, photophobia, swollen upper eyelids, closed eyelids resembling sleep, skin eruptions with yellow face, irregular fever with vomiting/diarrhea, internal entropion/trichiasis; physicians must recognize these patterns.
Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian manifestations: Dilated pupils with frequent blinking, brain fat penetrating the eyeball, intermittent eye twitching, sudden elevation of the black cornea, inability to look straight with eye pain, tearing with vertigo, sinking of visual images due to severe deficiency, crab-eye appearance or night blindness, floating black spots; if any of these eye ailments occur, it is a Liver disease.
Dimness like fog/mist with flying flowers, tight/small pupils indicating Kidney essence deficiency, or dilation with turbid aqueous humor and fading light, cold tears and brain fat flowing down, headache with cold feet indicating extreme deficiency—all these manifestations of membranes entering the water wheel belong to the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian.
Hand-Jueyin Pericardium Meridian: Tight/small aqueous humor requires urgent medication; red ring around the eye with dry mouth and hot palms indicate impending illness.
Opacity growing from the superior margin, red vessels like threads piercing the eyeball, forgetfulness with palpitations, urgency with unclear vision, needle-like pain with occasional itching, blood flooding the pupil preventing blindness—all these symptoms originate from the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian.
Painless spontaneous dimness, thickening like thin mist/smoke, flies appearing chaotically, or objects suspended in void—these conditions arise from heat-toxic wind lingering in the Liver. Loud crying, fright, and terror cause brain fat to flow into the black cornea. Initially one eye dims, then sequentially affects the other. All suffering stems from blocked Liver Qi. Long-term bilateral darkness indicates deep internal cataract where medicine fails. (*Internal Cataracts Upper Compilation*)
There are twenty-four types of round internal cataracts. Successors value transmission. Knowing when to use or avoid gold needles is crucial; confusion in diagnosis prevents cure. Needle distance must follow methods; needle shapes vary. For patients with deficiency, pregnancy, or postpartum, abstaining from needling is essential. Choose auspicious days without wind/rain. Seven days of pure fasting and sincere prayer are required. Calm mind and qi, endure patiently, avoid wind, lie quietly, ban noise. Harmonize cold/heat, address deficiency/excess, maintain broad-mindedness, forget worries, avoid sexual anxiety. Do not panic at bleeding; proceed with treatment. Wrap tightly in a warm, sealed room. If membranes suddenly rise again, take medicine for thirty days to see clarity. Unseal after seven days to restore vision; do not doubt if flowers appear and water moves. Continuously take Huan Jing Wan (Restore Vision Pill); after one hundred days, work is complete, and original vitality returns. (*Internal Cataracts Middle Compilation*)
When gold needles are inserted for internal cataracts, nursing care instructions must be known. In deep winter, keep tightly wrapped and warm; in summer, do not use silk fans. Sleep on a soft pillow securely; lie supine for three days without impatience. If slight pain occurs after sealing, do not suspect other causes as it is brain-wind traction. Needling or manipulation follows meridian methods; if pain is extreme, moxibustion warming is applied. Take Dou Zhi Jiao Tang (Soybean Pepper Decoction) urgently for vomiting; calming spirit and stabilizing stomach requires a good physician. Avoid movement and mental exertion; do not allow tumbling or lying upside down. Eat warm thin porridge for seven days; avoid clenching teeth. Urinate/defecate slowly; do not let go independently, provide support. Loud shouting and emotional agitation disturb the eye wheel causing snow-like visual disturbances. Restrain the mind, do not recall sexual matters, sever marital affection temporarily. Do not wash face with water for one month; wet needle marks cause slight pain. After five to seven days of nourishment, eye light returns; reducing desires clears the heart and removes disease. (*Internal Cataracts Lower Compilation*)
Heaven has two luminaries; humans have two eyes. Excessive alcohol and sex, improper regulation, and anger injuring Liver Qi cause impulse, leading brain fat to flow downward. The optic nerve connects to the brain and is linked to the Liver. Evil Qi from the brain enters through the optic nerve in front of the pupil. Over time, fat hardens and condenses into opacity, obscuring the pupil, causing blindness, commonly called "pupil reversal." The pupil is not "human" but "benevolence," also called the eye's core. It has no limbs, shaped like sun/moon, with light front and back; how could it reverse? Only brain fat flooding the eye obscures the pupil, named internal cataract. Using a gold needle to push aside brain fat makes the pupil float up and fat sink down; like clouds parting in wind and sun, clarity is achieved instantly.
Human eyes: sclera like apricot fruit, iris/cornea like apricot kernel, pupil like almond seed, called the eye's core. Sclera is hardest, belonging to Lung Metal. Fluids protecting the eye inside are as thick as egg white, supporting the pupil in the central cavity. Iris belongs to Liver, bound by a layer of floating skin externally, containing clear Qi enclosing the pupil internally. This tiny drop is formed by congenital Yuan Qi, following the natural way of life. The eye is the orifice of the Liver, round and large, with a stalk connecting to the brain, linking Fengfu (GV16), descending along the spine, penetrating the Liver. Liver stores blood, nourishing the eye. Youth: water and fire interact, Yin and Yang ascend/descend, hence brightness. Old age: Qi and blood decline, hence dimness. (*Theory of Pupil Origins*)
Li Dongyuan stated: Qi and blood from the five zang, six fu, twelve meridians, and 365 collaterals all ascend to the face and enter the orifices. Clear Yang Qi ascends to the eyes for vision and to the ears for hearing. Mental distress, excessive affairs, irregular diet, and overwork lead to Spleen/Stomach weakness and Heart Fire excess. Heart Fire is Ministerial Fire (Jun Huo), governing the spirit,宜 quiet and calm. Assistant Fire (Xiang Huo) acts on behalf of the ruler. Assistant Fire is the Pericardium. All meridians nourish the eyes. With overwork and movement, Qi flows recklessly, meridians boil, pathogens harm orifices. Shen Shui (Divine Water) in the pupil lacks nourishment and suffers from blazing fire, gradually dimming and causing blindness.
Do not needle internal cataracts that are green vegetable color; white like a plastered wall; yellow-centered; or caused by head wind. Do not needle those caused by shock/vibration; dilated pupils; or tightly constricted pupils.
If the cataract appears smaller in bright light and larger in dim light, the obstruction can be needled, provided there is proper retraction and release. If no retraction/release, do not needle. White opacities can be needled; slightly blue-white can be needled; coarse rice-colored opacities can be needled; blue opacities can be needled because they are tender.
Gold needle handles are made of rosewood, huanghuali, or rhino horn, 2.8 cun long, thick as a bowstring. Eyes drilled 0.4 cun deep at both ends. Use fine gold wire, 1 cun long, mixed with dry flour and clear lacquer, embedded in the eye, leaving 0.6 cun outside, slightly pointed but not too sharp to avoid damaging the pupil. Cover with goose quill tube, store in box, offer before Buddha before use; always effective. This is the style of Bodhisattva Nagarjuna's Divine Needle.
For needling internal cataracts, on new/full moon days, face gods/Buddha, state name/hometown, and pray for rescue. The practitioner chants mantra seven times, writes a talisman to seal the needle. Must fast beforehand, set up incense/candles, write another talisman to connect solar divine light with patient's eye light. Chant loudly: "Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva of Nanhai, Savior of Suffering!" The needle rotates itself, opening the practitioner's courage. Write the Three Lights Talisman first. Choose open, success, remove, or harvest days with clear weather. Avoid Zi day.
Mantra: Pure Eye, Purple Gold Lamp, Wine/Wine Water, Li Huang Sha, Full Canon, Thousand Eyes Hands Kings Dragon, Manjushri riding lion, Samantabhadra riding elephant king, Sun God Night God, cloud/membrane internal cataracts eliminated. Strong among strong, Auspicious among auspicious, special benefit at波罗 assembly, all in eyes obtain light, Pure Prajna Paramita. Open Iron Three Lights Talisman.
Draw talisman silently chanting three sentences: Take sunlight, connect divine light, bright eye light.
Gold Needle Style [Image]
Open Needle Three Lights Talisman [Image]
If pain after needling: Immediately take fresh mugwort or dried mugwort with one bunch of raw green onion, pound, stir-fry hot in copper pot, place in cloth bag, moxa compress Taiyang acupoints 3-5 times, stops immediately.
Water Method: For manipulating internal cataracts, first draw well water into a basin on table. Patient leans face to basin. Practitioner sits sideways, dips hand in water, pours over eye including brow bone, washing repeatedly until brain fat in eye coagulates from water. Wash thoroughly dozens of times, then needle, so it slides down smoothly without sticking.
Manipulation Technique: Physician using gold needle must know eight methods. Six are easy to transmit; two are subtle, relying on physician's hand/eye, understood intuitively, not verbally transmitted. Hard to teach. Eye like taking object through wall, hand like taking from pocket, only then can opacity be pushed down. Two eyes are essence of water; without these two methods, needling is difficult.
When using gold needle, first let patient wash eye with ice-cold water until Qi/blood flow stops. Use left thumb/index to fix eyeball, prevent rotation. Right hand holds triangular needle, 1 cun away from black cornea, puncture one point. If sclera is thick, hand must be accurate and force sufficient; heavy puncture breaks it. Then insert gold needle obliquely back, tip into hole, watch until tip reaches lesion then stop; if passing by hair's breadth, damages Heart vessel, patient vomits. Then use technique to gently push/press, opacity naturally embraces needle, allowed to push down, send to sclera, hide in protective fluid end. Then withdraw needle. Do not withdraw early, or opacity returns, wasting effort.
Seal Needle Talisman [Image]
First, wash/irrigate correctly. Second, know if Qi/blood coagulates. Third, know triangular needle sharpness depth. Fourth/Fifth, know insertion weight/depth. Sixth, know hiding opacity at bottom of protective fluid. Seventh/Eighth methods are subtle, from heart, matching hand/eye, hard to transmit by ink. After needling, seal according to method, regulate properly, naturally recover.
Eye Sealing Method: Collect half-old hibiscus green leaves, dry, powder. Mix with well water. Cut cotton paper into circle size of tea cup mouth. Apply medicine on brow ridge and lower orbit. Seal medicine with paper layer, add medicine layer, cover with paper layer, seal. When nearly dry, moisten with brush dipped in water. Several times day/night, double in summer. Change once daily. Lie supine, or place needle eye upward on pillow, prevent fat floating up. Rising/sitting, eating, defecating/urinating must be slow, no startling. First three days: only thin porridge, soft food, no tooth vibration. After three days: unseal, view objects, take medicine, rest primarily.