（素问经脉别论）
太阳脏独至，厥、喘、虚气逆，是阴不足、阳有余也，表里当俱泻，取之下俞。（此言脏气不和而有一脏太过者，气
必独至，诸证不同，针治亦异也。太阳者，膀胱经也，太阳独至，则为厥逆，为喘气，为虚气冲逆于上。盖膀胱与肾为
表里，皆水脏也。以水脏而阳气独至，则阳有余、阴不足矣。当于二经，取其下俞，膀胱下俞名束骨，肾经之俞名太溪，
肾阴不足而亦泻之，以阳邪俱盛也，故必表里兼泻，而后可遏其势。）阳明脏独至，是阳气重并也，当泻阳补阴，取之下
俞。（阳明者，足阳明胃经也。阳明为十二经脉之海，而行气于三阳。若其独至，则阳气因邪而重并于本脏，故当泻胃之
阳，补脾之阴，而取之下俞也。阳明之俞名陷谷，太阴之俞名太白。）少阳脏独至，是厥气也，跷前卒大，取之下俞。（少
阳者，足少阳胆经也。胆经之病连于肝，其气善逆，故少阳独至者，是厥气也。然厥气必始于足下，故于跷前察之。跷，
阳跷也，属足太阳经之申脉。阳跷之前，乃少阳之经。少阳气盛则跷前卒大，故当取少阳之下俞，穴名临泣。卒，猝同。
跷有五音∶跷、皎、乔、脚，又极虐切。）少阳独至者，一阳之过也。（此释独至之义，为一脏之太过。举少阳而言，则
太阳阳明之独至者，其为三阳二阳之太过可知矣。一阳，少阳也。六经次序，详疾病类七。）太阴脏搏者，用心省真，五
脉气少，胃气不平，三阴也，宜治其下俞，补阳泻阴。（太阴者，足太阴脾经也。搏，坚强之谓，即下文所谓伏鼓也。太
阴脾脉，本贵和缓，今见鼓搏，类乎真脏，若真脏果见，不可治也，故当用心省察其真。今太阴脏搏，即太阴之独至，
太阴独至，则五脏之脉气俱少，而胃气亦不平矣，是为三阴之太过也。故宜治其下俞，补足阳明之陷谷，泻足太阴之太
白。）一阳独啸，少阳厥也，阳并于上，四脉争张，气归于肾，宜治其经络，泻阳补阴。（一阳当作二阴，少阳当作少阴。
详此上明三阳，下明三阴；今此复言少阳而不及少阴，新校正疑其误者是。盖此前言太阴，后言厥阴，本节言气归于肾，
末节复有二阴搏至之文，又按全元起本亦云为少阴厥，以四者合之，则其为二阴少阴之误无疑。二阴者，足少阴肾经也。
独啸，独炽之谓。盖啸为阳气所发，阳出阴中，相火上炎，则为少阴热厥而阳并于上，故心肝脾肺四脉为之争张，而其
气则归于肾，故曰独啸。宜治其表里之经络，而泻足太阳、补足少阴也。太阳经穴名昆仑，络穴名飞阳。少阴经穴名复
溜，络穴名大钟。）一阴至，厥阴之治也，真虚 心，厥气留薄，发为白汗，调食和药，治在下俞。（一阴者，足厥阴肝
经也。至，即独至之义。治，主也。肝邪独至，真气必虚，木火相干，故心为 痛。厥气，逆气也。逆气不散，则留薄
于经。气虚不固，则表为白汗。调和药食，欲其得宜，用针治之，乃在下俞。厥阴之俞，名曰太冲。愚按∶此篇何以知
其皆言足经？盖以下俞二字为可知也，亦如热论篇伤寒言足不言手之义。又如诸经皆言补泻，而惟少阳一阴不言者，以
少阳承三阳而言，一阴承三阴而言，因前贯后，义实相同，虚补实泻，皆可理会也。至若一阴调食和药一句，盖亦总结
上文而言，不独一经为然。古经多略，当会其意。 音渊，酸疼也。）帝曰∶太阳藏何象？岐伯曰∶象三阳而浮也。帝曰∶
少阳藏何象？岐伯曰∶象一阳也，一阳藏者，滑而不实也。帝曰∶阳明藏何象？岐伯曰∶象太浮也。（此下复明六经独至
之脉象也。太阳之象三阳者，阳行于表，阳之极也，故脉浮于外。少阳之象一阳者，少阳为阳之里，阴之表，所谓半表
半里，阳之微也，故虽滑不实。阳明虽太阳之里，而实少阳之表，比之滑而不实者，则大而浮矣。仲景曰∶尺寸俱浮者，
太阳受病也。尺寸俱长者，阳明受病也。尺寸俱弦者，少阳受病也。义当参会。）太阴脏搏，言伏鼓也。（此即释上文太
阴脏搏之义。伏鼓者，沉伏而鼓击，即坚搏之谓。仲景曰∶尺寸俱沉细者，太阴受病也。）二阴搏至，肾沉不浮也。（二
阴，少阴肾经也。二阴搏而独至者，言肾但沉而不浮也。详此明言二阴之脉，而前无二阴之至，前有一阴之至，而此无
一阴之脉，信为古经之脱简，而上文一阳少阳之误，即此节也。仲景曰∶尺寸俱沉者，少阴受病也。尺寸俱微缓者，厥
阴受病也。）
《素问·经脉别论》
太阳经脏气独盛，出现厥逆、气喘、虚气上冲的症状，这是阴气不足、阳气有余的表现。治疗时表里两经都应当泻法，选取下合穴。（这里讲的是脏气不和而有一脏太过，气必然独自偏盛，各种症状不同，针刺治疗也各异。太阳经，即膀胱经。太阳经气独盛，就会出现厥逆、气喘、虚气向上冲逆。因为膀胱与肾互为表里，都是水脏。作为水脏却只有阳气独盛，那就是阳有余、阴不足了。应当在两经中，选取它们的下俞穴，膀胱经的下俞穴名叫束骨，肾经的俞穴名叫太溪。肾阴不足也要用泻法，因为阳邪都强盛，所以必须表里兼泻，才能遏制病势。）
阳明经脏气独盛，这是阳气重聚于本经的表现，应当泻阳补阴，选取下俞穴。（阳明经，即足阳明胃经。阳明是十二经脉的海，运行气血于三阳经。如果它独盛，那么阳气就会因邪气而重聚在本脏，所以应当泻胃的阳气，补脾的阴气，并选取下俞穴。阳明经的俞穴名叫陷谷，太阴经的俞穴名叫太白。）
少阳经脏气独盛，这是厥气所致，在跷脉前方突然变大，选取下俞穴。（少阳经，即足少阳胆经。胆经的病连及肝脏，其气容易上逆，所以少阳经气独盛，就是厥气。然而厥气必定始于足下，所以在跷脉前方观察。跷，指阳跷脉，属于足太阳经的申脉穴。阳跷脉的前方，乃是少阳经所在。少阳气盛则跷脉前方突然变大，所以应当取少阳经的下俞穴，穴名叫临泣。卒，通“猝”，突然的意思。跷有五种读音：跷、皎、乔、脚，还有极虐切。）
少阳经气独盛，这是一阳（少阳）的过错。（这里解释“独至”的含义，是指一脏的太过。举少阳来说，那么太阳、阳明经气独盛，它们分别是三阳、二阳的太过，就可以推知了。一阳，指少阳。六经的次序，详见疾病类第七部分。）
太阴经脏气搏结，要用心省察真气，五脏脉气减少，胃气不平，这是三阴（太阴）的问题，适宜治疗其下俞穴，补阳泻阴。（太阴经，即足太阴脾经。搏，指坚强有力，即下文所说的伏鼓。太阴脾脉，本来贵在和缓，现在出现鼓搏之象，类似真脏脉，如果真是真脏脉见，就不可治了，所以应当用心省察其是否是真脏脉。现在太阴脏气搏结，即是太阴经气独盛，太阴独盛，则五脏的脉气都少，而且胃气也不平，这是三阴的太过。所以适宜治疗其下俞穴，补足阳明经的陷谷穴，泻足太阴经的太白穴。）
一阳（此处疑为二阴/少阴）独啸，是少阴（此处原文作少阳，据文意及校正应为少阴）厥逆，阳气并于上部，心肝脾肺四脉争张，气归于肾，适宜治疗其经络，泻阳补阴。（“一阳”当作“二阴”，“少阳”当作“少阴”。详看上文阐明三阳，下文阐明三阴；现在这里又言少阳而不提少阴，新校正怀疑是误文是对的。盖此前言太阴，后言厥阴，本节言气归于肾，末节复有二阴搏至的文字，又按全元起本也说为少阴厥，综合这四点，那么它是二阴少阴之误无疑。二阴，即足少阴肾经。独啸，指独炽盛。啸是阳气所发，阳出于阴中，相火上炎，就成为少阴热厥而阳气并于上部，所以心肝脾肺四脉为之争张，而其气则归于肾，所以说独啸。适宜治疗表里的经络，泻足太阳经，补足少阴经。太阳经穴名叫昆仑，络穴名叫飞阳。少阴经穴名叫复溜，络穴名叫大钟。）
一阴（厥阴）至，是厥阴经的治疗原则，真气虚弱心痛，厥气留滞薄着，发为白汗，调和饮食药物，治疗在下俞穴。（一阴，即足厥阴肝经。至，即独至的意思。治，主也。肝邪独至，真气必虚，木火相干，所以心痛。厥气，逆气也。逆气不散，就留滞薄着于经脉。气虚不固，体表就会出白汗。调和药食，想要得其适宜，用针治疗，就在下俞穴。厥阴经的俞穴，名叫太冲。我按：这篇怎么知道它说的都是足经？可以从“下俞”二字得知，也像《热论篇》伤寒只言足经不言手经的意思。又如诸经都言补泻，唯独少阳和一阴不言者，是因为少阳承接三阳而言，一阴承接三阴而言，因前贯后，义理实际相同，虚补实泻，都可以理解。至于“一阴调食和药”一句，大概也是总结上文而言，不只这一经是这样。古经大多简略，应当领会其意。 音渊，酸疼的意思。）
黄帝说：太阳经有什么脉象？岐伯说：脉象像三阳那样浮起。黄帝说：少阳经有什么脉象？岐伯说：脉象像一阳那样，一阳经的脉象，滑利但不充实。黄帝说：阳明经有什么脉象？岐伯说：脉象比太浮还要大且浮。（这部分再次阐明六经独至的脉象。太阳的脉象像三阳，阳气行于体表，是阳的极致，所以脉浮于外。少阳的脉象像一阳，少阳是阳之里，阴之表，所谓半表半里，是阳的微弱状态，所以虽然滑利但不充实。阳明虽然是太阳之里，但确实是少阳之表，比起滑而不实的脉象，就显得大而浮了。张仲景说：尺寸部脉俱浮的，是太阳受病。尺寸部脉俱长的，是阳明受病。尺寸部脉俱弦的，是少阳受病。义理应当参考参证。）
太阴经脏气搏结，说的是沉伏而鼓击的脉象。（这里解释上文太阴脏搏的含义。伏鼓，指沉伏而鼓击，就是坚搏的意思。张仲景说：尺寸部脉俱沉细的，是太阴受病。）
二阴（少阴）搏至，肾脉沉而不浮。（二阴，指少阴肾经。二阴搏动而独至，是说肾脉只沉而不浮。详细看此文明确讲二阴的脉，而前文没有二阴独至的描述，前文有一阴独至，而此处没有对应的一阴脉象，确实是古经的脱简，而上文“一阳少阳”的错误，就在这节文字中。张仲景说：尺寸部脉俱沉的，是少阴受病。尺寸部脉俱微缓的，是厥阴受病。）
(Suwen: Lun Jing Mai Bie)
When the Qi of the Taiyang (Greater Yang) organ is exclusively excessive, symptoms such as Jue Ni (cold extremities/reversal), panting, and rebellious empty Qi rising occur. This indicates a deficiency of Yin and an excess of Yang. Both the exterior and interior meridians should be treated with reducing methods, selecting the Lower He-Sea points or Shu-stream points located below. (This passage discusses disharmony of organ Qi where one organ is excessively strong; its Qi must be exclusively prevalent, presenting different symptoms requiring different acupuncture treatments. Taiyang refers to the Bladder Meridian. When Taiyang Qi is exclusively excessive, it leads to Jue Ni, panting, and rebellious Qi rushing upward. Since the Bladder and Kidney are exterior-interior pairs and both are Water organs, if only Yang Qi is excessive in a Water organ, it signifies excess Yang and deficient Yin. One should select the Lower Shu points of both meridians: Shugu (BL65) for the Bladder and Taixi (KI3) for the Kidney. Even though Kidney Yin is deficient, it is also reduced because the pathogenic Yang is overwhelmingly strong; thus, simultaneous reduction of both exterior and interior is necessary to curb the pathological momentum.)
When the Qi of the Yangming (Yang Brightness) organ is exclusively excessive, it represents a heavy accumulation of Yang Qi. The treatment should involve reducing Yang and tonifying Yin, by selecting the Lower Shu points. (Yangming refers to the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. Yangming is the Sea of the Twelve Meridians and circulates Qi among the Three Yang meridians. If it becomes exclusively excessive, Yang Qi accumulates heavily in its own organ due to pathogenic factors. Therefore, one should reduce the Yang of the Stomach and tonify the Yin of the Spleen, selecting the Lower Shu points. Xiangu (ST41) is the Shu point of the Yangming meridian, and Taibai (SP3) is the Shu point of the Taiyin meridian.)
When the Qi of the Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) organ is exclusively excessive, it is caused by Jue Qi (rebellious Qi). There is a sudden enlargement at the front of the Qiao vessel; treat by selecting the Lower Shu point. (Shaoyang refers to the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian. Diseases of the Gallbladder meridian connect to the Liver, and its Qi tends to rebel. Thus, when Shaoyang Qi is exclusively excessive, it constitutes Jue Qi. However, Jue Qi always originates from the sole of the foot, so it is observed at the front of the Qiao vessel. "Qiao" refers to the Yang Qiao vessel, which belongs to Shenmai (BL62) of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian. The area anterior to the Yang Qiao is where the Shaoyang meridian runs. When Shaoyang Qi is excessive, there is a sudden swelling/enlargement anterior to the Qiao vessel. Therefore, one should select the Lower Shu point of the Shaoyang meridian, Linqi (GB41). "Zu" (卒) is synonymous with "Cu" (sudden). "Qiao" has five pronunciations: qiao, jiao, qiao, jiao, and ji nüe qie.)
When Shaoyang Qi is exclusively excessive, it is the fault of One Yang (Shaoyang). (This explains the meaning of "exclusively excessive," referring to the excess of one organ. By citing Shaoyang, it can be inferred that the exclusive excess of Taiyang and Yangming corresponds to the excess of Three Yang and Two Yang, respectively. "One Yang" refers to Shaoyang. The order of the Six Meridians is detailed in Disease Category VII.)
When the Qi of the Taiyin (Greater Yin) organ is pulsating strongly, one must carefully examine the True Qi. The Qi of the Five Pulses is diminished, and the Stomach Qi is unbalanced; this concerns the Three Yin (Taiyin). It is appropriate to treat the Lower Shu points, tonifying Yang and reducing Yin. (Taiyin refers to the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian. "Bo" (pulsating strongly) means firm and hard, as described later as "Fu Gu" (deep and drum-like). The pulse of the Taiyin Spleen should ideally be harmonious and slow; seeing a drum-like pulsation resembles the True Zang pulse. If the True Zang pulse truly appears, the condition is untreatable; hence, one must carefully discern if it is indeed the True Zang pulse. Now, Taiyin Qi pulsating strongly indicates the exclusive excess of Taiyin Qi. When Taiyin is exclusively excessive, the Qi of the pulses of all five Zang organs diminishes, and Stomach Qi becomes unbalanced, representing an excess of the Three Yin. Therefore, one should treat the Lower Shu points: tonifying Xian Gu (ST41) of the Foot-Yangming meridian and reducing Tai Bai (SP3) of the Foot-Taiyin meridian.)
"One Yang" exclusively roaring indicates Shaoyang Jue Ni (reversal); Yang Qi merges into the upper body, causing the four other pulses to compete and expand, while the Qi returns to the Kidney. Treatment should focus on the meridians, reducing Yang and tonifying Yin. ("One Yang" should read "Two Yin," and "Shaoyang" should read "Shaoyin." Reviewing the text: the upper part clarifies the Three Yang, and the lower part clarifies the Three Yin. Here, mentioning Shaoyang again without Shaoyin suggests an error, as suspected by the New Correction. Previously, Taiyin was mentioned, followed by Jueyin; this section mentions Qi returning to the Kidney, and the final section mentions the pulsation of Two Yin. Additionally, Quan Yuanqi's edition states it as Shaoyin Jue. Combining these four points, it is undoubtedly an error for Two Yin/Shaoyin. "Two Yin" refers to the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. "Du Xiao" (exclusive roaring) means exclusively blazing. Roaring is emitted by Yang Qi; Yang emerges from within Yin, and Minister Fire flares upward, resulting in Shaoyin Heat Jue Ni with Yang merging into the upper body. Consequently, the pulses of the Heart, Liver, Spleen, and Lung compete and expand, while the Qi returns to the Kidney, hence "exclusive roaring." One should treat the exterior-interior meridians, reducing the Foot-Taiyang meridian and tonifying the Foot-Shaoyin meridian. Kunlun (BL60) is the meridian point of the Taiyang meridian, Feiyang (BL58) is its Luo-connecting point. Fuliou (KI7) is the meridian point of the Shaoyin meridian, Dazhong (KI4) is its Luo-connecting point.)
When "One Yin" arrives, it pertains to the treatment of Jueyin. The True Qi is deficient, causing heart pain; Jue Qi remains stagnant, leading to white sweat. Diet and medicine should be regulated, and treatment applied at the Lower Shu points. ("One Yin" refers to the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. "Arrives" means exclusively excessive. "Treatment" implies the governing principle. When Liver pathogen is exclusively excessive, True Qi must be deficient, and Wood-Fire interfere, causing heart pain. Jue Qi is rebellious Qi. If rebellious Qi does not dissipate, it stagnates in the meridians. Due to Qi deficiency and failure to secure the exterior, white sweat occurs. Regulating diet and medicine aims for appropriateness; acupuncture treatment is applied at the Lower Shu point. Taichong (LR3) is the Shu point of the Jueyin meridian. Note: How do we know this passage refers only to the Foot meridians? The term "Lower Shu" indicates this, similar to how the *Re Lun* chapter on Cold Damage mentions only Foot meridians. Also, while other meridians discuss tonification and reduction, Shaoyang and One Yin do not explicitly state them here because Shaoyang follows the Three Yang, and One Yin follows the Three Yin; the logic connects forward and backward, implying the same principle of tonifying deficiency and reducing excess. The phrase "One Yin regulates diet and medicine" likely summarizes the preceding context and applies generally, not just to this one meridian. Ancient classics are often concise; one must grasp the underlying meaning. "Yuan" sounds like "yuan," meaning sour ache.)
The Emperor asked: What is the image of the Taiyang organ? Qibo replied: Its image is like Three Yang, floating. The Emperor asked: What is the image of the Shaoyang organ? Qibo replied: Its image is like One Yang; the pulse of One Yang is slippery but not solid. The Emperor asked: What is the image of the Yangming organ? Qibo replied: Its image is extremely floating. (This section further clarifies the pulse images of the exclusive excess of the Six Meridians. The image of Taiyang resembling Three Yang indicates that Yang travels on the exterior, reaching the extreme of Yang, hence the pulse floats externally. The image of Shaoyang resembling One Yang indicates that Shaoyang is the interior of Yang and the exterior of Yin, known as half-exterior half-interior, representing weak Yang; thus, although slippery, it is not solid. Yangming, although interior to Taiyang, is indeed exterior to Shaoyang; compared to the slippery-but-not-solid pulse, it appears large and floating. Zhang Zhongjing stated: If pulses at Cun and Chi positions are both floating, it is Taiyang disease. If both are long, it is Yangming disease. If both are wiry, it is Shaoyang disease. These principles should be cross-referenced.)
Taiyin organ pulsation refers to a deep, submerged, and drum-like quality. (This explains the meaning of Taiyin organ pulsation mentioned earlier. "Fu Gu" means deep/submerged and drum-like, i.e., firm and hard. Zhang Zhongjing stated: If pulses at Cun and Chi positions are both deep and fine, it is Taiyin disease.)
Two Yin pulsation arriving means the Kidney pulse is deep and not floating. (Two Yin refers to the Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. Two Yin pulsating and arriving exclusively means the Kidney pulse is only deep and not floating. Detailed analysis shows this clearly states the pulse of Two Yin, yet there was no mention of Two Yin arriving earlier; there was mention of One Yin arriving earlier, but no corresponding One Yin pulse here. This confirms a lacuna in the ancient classic. The error regarding "One Yang/Shaoyang" in the previous text is found in this very section. Zhang Zhongjing stated: If pulses at Cun and Chi positions are both deep, it is Shaoyin disease. If both are faint and moderate, it is Jueyin disease.)