（己酉添加衍义）
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味甘，寒，无毒。主五脏六腑寒热，羸瘦，五癃，利小便，疗妇人乳难内闭。久服
坚骨，长肌肉，轻身延年。生少室山。十二月采之。（黄芩为之使。）
葵根 味甘，寒，无毒。主恶疮，疗淋，利小便，解蜀椒毒。
叶 为百菜主，其心伤人。
陶隐居云∶以秋种葵，覆养经冬，至春作子，谓之冬葵，多入药用，至滑利，能下石。
春葵
子亦滑，不堪余药用。根，故是常葵尔。叶尤冷利，不可多食。术家取此葵子，微炒令
KT（
音毕） （音 ），散着湿地，遍踏之。朝种暮生，远不过宿。又云取羊角、马蹄烧作灰，
散着于湿地，遍踏之，即生罗勒，俗呼为西王母菜，食之益人。生菜中，又有胡荽、芸苔、
白苣、邪蒿，并不可多食，大都服药通忌生菜尔。佛家斋，忌食薰渠，不的知是何菜？多
言今芸苔，憎其臭矣。唐本注云∶罗勒，北人谓之兰香，避石勒讳故也。又薰渠者，婆罗门
芷，取根汁暴之如胶，或截根晒干，并极臭。西国持咒人禁食之。
戎人重此，犹俗中贵胡椒、
巴人重负 （音樊）等，非芸苔也。臣禹
锡等谨按药性论云∶冬葵子，臣，滑，平。能治五淋，主奶肿，能下乳汁。根，治恶疮，
小儿吞钱不出，煮饮之，即出，神妙。若患天行病后食之，顿丧明。又，叶烧灰及捣干叶末，
单煮汁，主治时行黄病。孟诜云∶葵，冷。主疳疮生身面上，汁黄
者。可取根作灰，和猪脂涂之。其性冷，若热食之，令人热闷。甚动风气。久服丹石人，时
吃一顿佳也。冬月葵菹汁。服丹石人发动，舌干，咳嗽，每食后饮一盏，便卧少时。其子，
患疮者吞一粒，便作头。女人产时，可煮顿服之，佳。若生时困闷，以子一合，水二升，煮
取半升，去滓，顿服之，少时便产。日华子云∶冬葵，久服坚筋骨。秋葵即是种早者，俗呼
为葵菜。
图经曰∶冬葵子，生少室山，今处处有之。其子是秋种葵，覆养经冬至春作子者，谓之
冬葵
子，古方∶入药用最多。苗叶作菜茹，更甘美。大抵性滑利，能宣导积壅，服丹石人尤相宜。
孕妇临产煮叶食之，则胎滑易产。曝干叶及烧灰同作末，主金疮。
汁饮之立出。凡葵有数种，
有蜀葵，《尔雅》所谓 （古田切），戎
葵者是也。郭璞云∶如葵，华如槿华，戎、蜀盖其所自出，因以名之，花有五色。白者主
疟及邪热，阴干末服之，午日取花，挪手亦去疟。黄者主疮痈，干末水调涂之立愈。小花者
名锦葵，功用更强。黄葵子主淋涩，又令妇人易产。又有终葵，大茎小叶，紫黄色，吴人呼
为繁露，即下品落葵。《尔雅》所谓终葵，繁露者是也。一名承露，俗呼曰胡燕脂，子可作
妇人涂面及作口脂。又有菟葵，似葵而叶小，状若藜，有毛， 而啖之甚滑。《尔雅》所谓
，菟葵是也。亦名天葵，叶主淋沥热结，皆有功效，故并载之。
唐本注∶此即常食者葵根也。《左传》能卫其足者是也。据此有数种，多不入药用。食
疗∶
主患肿未得头破者，三日后，取葵子一百粒，吞之，当日疮头开。又，凡有难产，若生未得
者，
煮取一升以下，只可半升，去滓顿服之，则小便与儿便出。切须在
意，勿上厕。昔有人如此，立扑儿入厕中。又细锉，以水煎服一盏食之，能滑小肠。女人产
时，煮一顿食，令儿易生。天行病后，食一顿，便失目。吞钱不出，煮汁，冷冻饮料之，即出。
无蒜勿食。四季月食生葵，令饮食不消化，发宿疾。又，霜葵生食，动五种留饮。黄葵尤忌
。圣惠方∶小儿发斑，散恶毒瓦斯。用生葵菜叶绞取汁，少少与服之。外台秘要∶天行斑疮
，须臾遍身，皆戴白浆，此恶毒瓦斯。永徽四年，此疮自西域东流于海内。但煮葵菜叶，以蒜
齑啖之
渴利。葵根五大斤切，以水五升，煮取三升。宿不食，平旦一服三升
。又方∶治口吻疮。掘经年葵根，烧灰敷之。千金方∶小儿死腹中。葵子末，酒服方寸匕。
若口
下即活。《肘后方》同。又方∶治妊娠卒下血。葵子一升，水五升
又方∶妊娠患淋。葵子一升，
水三升，煮取二升，分为二服。无葵子，用
三升，水四升，煮取一升，
去滓服。不瘥更作
升，顿服。纳猪脂如
丸则弥佳。经验后方∶治一切痈肿无头。以葵菜子一粒，新汲水吞下，须臾即破。如要
破，服两粒。要破处逐粒加
之，验。孙真人食忌∶葵，能充脾气。又，霜葵多食吐水。葵
治诸 。先以泔清温洗，以
绵
拭水，取葵菜微火暖，贴之疮引脓，不过二、三百叶，脓尽即肉生。忌诸杂鱼、蒜、房室等
。子母秘录∶小儿蓐疮，烧葵根末敷之。产宝∶治妒乳及痈。葵茎及子为末，酒服方寸匕
，愈。产书∶治倒生，手足冷，口噤。以葵子炒令黄捣末，酒服二钱匕，则顺。
衍义曰∶冬葵子，葵菜子也，四方∶皆有。苗性滑利，不益人。患痈疖，毒热内攻，未
出脓
者，水吞三、五枚，遂作窍，脓出。
（己酉年添加《本草衍义》的内容）
冬葵子
味甘，性寒，无毒。主治五脏六腑的寒热病证，身体消瘦虚弱，五种淋证（指小便频数短涩、滴沥刺痛、欲出未尽、小腹拘急或痛引腰腹的病证），通利小便，治疗妇人乳汁不通及乳窍闭塞。长期服用可坚固骨骼，生长肌肉，使身体轻便并延年益寿。产于少室山。十二月采集。（黄芩为其引经药。）
葵根
味甘，性寒，无毒。主治恶疮，治疗淋证，通利小便，解除蜀椒（花椒的一种）的毒性。
陶隐居说：秋季种植葵菜，覆盖养护经过冬天，到春天结籽，称为冬葵，多入药用，其性极滑利，能排出结石。
春葵
其子也滑利，但不适合其他药用。根部就是普通的葵菜。叶子尤其寒冷滑利，不可多吃。修道之人取这种葵子，微炒至发出“毕”的声音（音毕），撒在湿地上，遍踏之。早晨种植晚上就生长，远不过一夜。又说取羊角、马蹄烧成灰，撒在湿地上，遍踏之，就能长出罗勒，俗称西王母菜，食用对人有益。生菜中，还有胡荽（香菜）、芸苔（油菜）、白苣、邪蒿，都不可多吃，大抵服药期间忌讳吃生菜。佛家斋戒，忌讳食用薰渠（一种蔬菜），不知具体是何种菜？多说现在的芸苔，厌恶其臭味。《唐本注》说：罗勒，北方人称为兰香，是为了避石勒的名讳。又说薰渠是婆罗门芷，取其根汁暴晒如胶状，或截断根晒干，气味极臭。西域持咒人禁止食用。
戎人重视此物，就像世俗中珍视胡椒、
巴人重视负（音樊）等，不是芸苔。臣禹锡等人谨按《药性论》说：冬葵子，属臣药，性滑，平。能治五淋，主治奶肿，能下乳汁。根，治疗恶疮，小儿吞钱不出，煮水饮用，钱即排出，神妙。如果患时行病后食用，顿时失明。另外，叶烧成灰及捣碎干叶末，单煮汁，主治时行黄病（黄疸）。孟诜说：葵，性冷。主治疳疮生在面身上，流黄水的。可取根烧成灰，和猪脂涂抹。其性冷，若热食之，令人热闷。甚动风气。长期服用丹石类药物的人，时常吃一顿较好。冬季葵菹汁。服用丹石类药物的人药性发动，舌干，咳嗽，每餐后饮一盏，便躺卧片刻。其子，患疮者吞一粒，便形成疮头。女人生产时，可煮顿服之，佳。若生产时困闷，用子一合，水二升，煮取半升，去渣，顿服之，不久便生产。日华子说：冬葵，长期服用坚固筋骨。秋葵即是早种的，俗称葵菜。
《图经》说：冬葵子，产于少室山，现在到处都有。其子是秋季种植葵菜，覆盖养护经过冬天到春天结籽的，称为冬葵子，古方中入药用最多。苗叶作蔬菜，更加甘美。大抵性滑利，能宣导积滞壅塞，服用丹石类药物的人尤其适宜。孕妇临产煮叶食用，则胎滑易产。曝干的叶及烧成灰同作末，主治金疮（刀箭创伤）。
汁饮之立即排出。凡葵有几种，
有蜀葵，《尔雅》所谓（古田切），戎葵的就是。郭璞说：像葵，花像木槿花，戎、蜀大概是由此得名，花有五色。白色主治疟疾及邪热，阴干研末服用，午日取花，揉搓手也能去疟。黄色主治疮痈，干末水调涂之立即痊愈。小花者名叫锦葵，功效更强。黄葵子主治淋涩，又令妇人易产。又有终葵，大茎小叶，紫黄色，吴地人称为繁露，即下品落葵。《尔雅》所谓终葵，繁露的就是。一名承露，俗称胡燕脂，子可做妇女涂面及作口红。又有菟葵，似葵而叶小，状若藜，有毛，咀嚼之很滑。《尔雅》所谓，菟葵的就是。亦名天葵，叶主治淋沥热结，都有功效，所以一并记载。
《唐本注》：这就是常食用的葵根。《左传》中能卫其足的就是。据此有几种，多不入药用。食疗：
主治患肿未得头破者，三日后，取葵子一百粒，吞之，当日疮头开。另外，凡有难产，若胎儿未生出的，
煮取一升以下，只可半升，去渣顿服之，则小便与儿便出。切须在意，勿上厕所。昔有人如此，站立扑儿入厕中。又细锉，以水煎服一盏食之，能滑小肠。女人生产时，煮一顿食，令儿易生。时行病后，食一顿，便失目。吞钱不出，煮汁，冷冻饮料之，即出。无蒜勿食。四季月食生葵，令饮食不消化，发宿疾。另外，霜葵生食，动五种留饮。黄葵尤忌。圣惠方：小儿发斑，散恶毒瓦斯。用生葵菜叶绞取汁，少量与服之。外台秘要：天行斑疮，须臾遍身，皆戴白浆，此恶毒瓦斯。永徽四年，此疮自西域东流于海内。但煮葵菜叶，以蒜齑啖之
渴利。葵根五大斤切，以水五升，煮取三升。宿不食，平旦一服三升。
又方：治口吻疮。掘经年葵根，烧灰敷之。千金方：小儿死腹中。葵子末，酒服方寸匕。若口
下即活。《肘后方》同。又方：治妊娠卒下血。葵子一升，水五升
又方：妊娠患淋。葵子一升，
水三升，煮取二升，分为二服。无葵子，用
三升，水四升，煮取一升，
去滓服。不瘥更作
升，顿服。纳猪脂如
丸则弥佳。经验后方：治一切痈肿无头。以葵菜子一粒，新汲水吞下，须臾即破。如要
破，服两粒。要破处逐粒加
之，验。孙真人食忌：葵，能充脾气。另外，霜葵多食吐水。葵
治诸。先以泔清温洗，以
绵
拭水，取葵菜微火暖，贴之疮引脓，不过二、三百叶，脓尽即肉生。忌诸杂鱼、蒜、房室等。
子母秘录：小儿蓐疮，烧葵根末敷之。产宝：治妒乳及痈。葵茎及子为末，酒服方寸匕，愈。产书：治倒生，手足冷，口噤。以葵子炒令黄捣末，酒服二钱匕，则顺。
(Added in the Jiyou year from *Bencao Yan Yi*)
Dong Kui Zi (Winter Okra Seed)
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats cold-heat disorders of the five zang and six fu organs, emaciation, five types of strangury (disorders characterized by frequent, painful, and difficult urination), promotes diuresis, and treats breast engorgement with milk stasis and blockage in women. Long-term consumption strengthens bones, promotes muscle growth, lightens the body, and prolongs life. Habitat: Grows on Mount Shaoshi. Harvest time: December. (Huang Qin [Scutellariae Radix] acts as its guiding herb.)
Kui Gen (Okra Root)
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Treats malignant sores, strangury, promotes diuresis, and resolves toxicity of Shu Jiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium).
Ye (Leaves)
Considered the chief among hundred vegetables, but its heart is harmful to humans.
Tao Hongjing stated: Okra planted in autumn, covered and nurtured through winter, producing seeds in spring, is called Dong Kui (Winter Okra). It is mostly used in medicine; its nature is extremely slippery and lubricating, capable of expelling stones.
Chun Kui (Spring Okra)
Its seeds are also slippery but unsuitable for other medicinal uses. The root is simply common okra. The leaves are particularly cold and slippery; they should not be eaten in large quantities. Practitioners of Daoist arts take these okra seeds, stir-fry them lightly until they make a "bi" sound, scatter them on wet ground, and trample over them. Planted in the morning, they sprout by evening, taking no more than one night. Another method states: Take sheep horns and horse hooves, burn them to ash, scatter on wet ground, and trample; this will produce Basil (Ocimum basilicum), commonly known as the Vegetable of the Queen Mother of the West, which is beneficial when eaten. Among raw vegetables, there are also Hu Sui (Coriandri Fructus), Yun Tai (Brassicae Pekinensis Folium), Bai Ju (Lactuca Sativa Var. Alba), and Xie Hao, all of which should not be eaten in excess. Generally, raw vegetables are contraindicated during herbal medication. Buddhist vegetarian diets prohibit eating Xun Qu (a type of vegetable); it is unknown exactly what vegetable this is. Many say it refers to current Yun Cai (Rapeseed), due to its disliked odor. *Tang Ben Zhu* notes: Basil is called Lan Xiang (Pogostemonis Herba) in the north, to avoid the taboo of Shi Le's name. Also, Xun Qu is Polomonia officinalis; its root juice is sun-dried into a gum-like substance, or the root is cut and dried, both having a very foul odor. Tantric practitioners in the Western Regions forbid its consumption.
The Rong people value this highly, just as common people value Pepper (Piperis Fructus) or
Ba people value Fu Fan (likely a local spice), neither of which is Yun Cai. Minister Yu Xi et al. respectfully consulted *Yao Xing Lun*: Dong Kui Zi is a minister herb, slippery, neutral. It can treat five types of strangury, main swelling of the breasts, and promotes lactation. The root treats malignant sores; if a child swallows a coin that does not pass, drinking the decoction expels it miraculously. However, if consumed after an epidemic disease, it may cause sudden blindness. Additionally, burning the leaves to ash or grinding dry leaves into powder, and decocting alone, treats epidemic jaundice. Meng Shen said: Okra is cold. It treats malnutrition sores on the face and body with yellow discharge. One can take the root, burn it to ash, mix with lard, and apply. Its nature is cold; if eaten hot, it causes heat and oppression. It strongly moves wind-qi. Those long-term consuming mineral pills (Dan Shi) should eat it occasionally. Winter okra pickle juice. For those whose Dan Shi toxicity activates, causing dry tongue and cough, drinking a cup after meals and lying down briefly helps. Its seeds: those with sores swallow one seed, which forms a head. Women in labor can drink a decoction, which is beneficial. If experiencing difficulty in labor, use one heaping measure of seeds, two sheng of water, boil to half a sheng, strain, and drink at once; birth follows shortly. Ri Hua Zi said: Dong Kui, long-term consumption strengthens sinews and bones. Autumn okra is early-planted, commonly called Kui Cai.
*Tu Jing* states: Dong Kui Zi grows on Mount Shaoshi and is now found everywhere. These are seeds from okra planted in autumn, nurtured through winter to produce seeds in spring, called Dong Kui Zi, most frequently used in ancient prescriptions. The seedlings and leaves are edible vegetables, even more delicious. Generally, its nature is slippery and lubricating, able to promote the discharge of accumulated stagnation, especially suitable for those consuming mineral pills. Pregnant women near delivery eating boiled leaves facilitates smooth delivery. Dried leaves and ash mixed into powder treat traumatic injuries. Drinking the juice expels foreign bodies immediately. There are several types of okra:
There is Shu Kui (Malvae Silvestris Folium), referred to in *Erya* as (pronounced Gu Tian Qie), also known as Rong Kui. Guo Pu said: Like okra, flowers resemble Hibiscus mutabilis; Rong and Shu likely derive their names from this origin, with flowers in five colors. White flowers treat malaria and pathogenic heat; dried and powdered, taken orally. Taking flowers on the noon day and rubbing hands also prevents malaria. Yellow flowers treat carbuncles and sores; dry powder mixed with water applied topically heals immediately. Small-flowered variety is named Jin Kui (Malvae Verticillatae Flos), with stronger efficacy. Huang Kui Zi (Abelmoschi Semen) treats strangury and facilitates childbirth in women. There is also Zhong Kui, with large stems and small leaves, purple-yellow, called Fan Lu by Wu people, which is Luo Kui (Rosae Laevigatae Fructus) listed in the lower grade. *Erya* refers to Zhong Kui and Fan Lu. Also named Cheng Lu, commonly called Hu Yan Zhi (Rose Hip Powder); seeds can be used by women for facial makeup and lipstick. There is also Tu Kui, resembling okra but with smaller leaves, shaped like Chenopodium, hairy, very slippery when chewed. *Erya* refers to Tu Kui. Also named Tian Kui. Leaves treat strangury and heat accumulation; all have efficacy, so they are recorded together.
*Tang Ben Zhu*: This is the root of commonly eaten okra. Referring to *Zuo Zhuan*, the one that protects the feet. Based on this, there are several types, mostly not used in medicine. Dietary therapy:
Treats swelling without a head after three days; take 100 okra seeds, swallow them, and the sore head opens on the same day. Also, for difficult labor where the fetus has not emerged,
boil to obtain less than one sheng, only half a sheng is sufficient, strain, and drink at once; urine and the baby will emerge. Must be careful, do not go to the toilet. Someone once did this, standing and pushing the baby into the toilet. Finely chopped, decocted in water, drinking one cup aids intestinal lubrication. Women in labor eating a cooked meal facilitates easy birth. Eating a meal after an epidemic disease causes blindness. Swallowed coins not passing: decoct juice, drink chilled, and it passes. Do not eat without garlic. Eating raw okra in any season causes indigestion and triggers old diseases. Also, eating raw frost-killed okra moves five types of retained fluid retention. Huang Kui is particularly contraindicated. *Sheng Hui Fang*: For infantile exanthema dispersing toxic vapors. Use fresh okra leaves, squeeze juice, and administer small amounts. *Wai Tai Mi Yao*: For epidemic erysipelas spreading rapidly over the body with white pus heads, this is toxic vapor. In the fourth year of Yonghui, this disease flowed east from the Western Regions. Boil okra leaves and eat with minced garlic.
For thirst and dysuria. Cut five jin of okra root, add five sheng of water, boil to three sheng. Fast overnight, take three sheng at dawn.
Another prescription: Treats angular cheilitis. Dig up okra roots aged for years, burn to ash, and apply. *Qian Jin Fang*: For dead fetus in utero. Okra seed powder, taken with wine using a square-inch spoon. If alive below the mouth, it revives. Same as *Zhou Hou Fang*. Another prescription: Treats sudden bleeding during pregnancy. One sheng of okra seeds, five sheng of water.
Another prescription: Pregnancy complicated by strangury. One sheng of okra seeds, three sheng of water, boil to two sheng, divide into two doses. If no okra seeds, use
three sheng, four sheng of water, boil to one sheng,
strain and drink. If not improved, prepare another
sheng, drink at once. Adding lard like
pills is better. *Jing Yan Hou Fang*: Treats all carbuncles without heads. Swallow one okra seed with fresh well water; it breaks open shortly. To ensure rupture, take two seeds. Add seeds gradually to the site of rupture; effective. Sun Simiao’s Dietary Taboos: Okra can fill spleen qi. Also, excessive consumption of frost-killed okra causes vomiting of water. Okra
treats various [conditions]. First wash with warm rice water, wipe dry with cotton, warm okra leaves slightly over fire, apply to sore to draw out pus; within two to three hundred leaves, pus drains and flesh regenerates. Contraindications include various fish, garlic, and sexual intercourse. *Zi Mi Mi Lu*: For infantile puerperal sores, apply burnt okra root powder. *Chan Bao*: Treats engorged breasts and abscesses. Powder okra stems and seeds, take with wine using a square-inch spoon, cures. *Chan Shu*: Treats breech presentation, cold extremities, and lockjaw. Stir-fry okra seeds until yellow, grind to powder, take two qian bi with wine, ensures normal presentation.
*Yan Yi* states: Dong Kui Zi is the seed of okra, found everywhere. The seedling nature is slippery and not beneficial. For carbuncles and furuncles with internal attacking toxic heat before suppuration, swallowing three to five seeds with water creates an opening, allowing pus to drain.