\r柏实\pd310.bmp\r
味甘，平，无毒。主惊悸，安五脏，益气，除风湿痹，疗恍惚，虚损吸吸，历节腰中重
痛，益血，止汗。久服令人润泽美色，耳目聪明，不饥不老，轻身延年。生太山山谷。柏
尤良。
柏叶 味苦，微温，无毒。主吐血、衄血，痢血，崩中赤白，轻身益气，令人耐
寒暑，
去湿痹，止饥。四时各根据方面采，阴干。柏白皮，主火灼，烂疮，长毛发。（牡蛎及桂、
瓜子为之使，畏菊花、羊蹄、诸石及面曲。）
陶隐居云∶柏叶、实，亦为服饵所重，服饵别有法。柏处处有，当以太山为佳，并忌取
冢墓上者。虽四时俱有，秋夏为好。其脂亦入用。此云恶曲，人有以酿酒无妨，恐酒米相和，
异单用也。唐本注云∶柏枝节煮以酿酒，主风痹，历节风，烧取 ，疗 疥及癞疮良。今子
仁
有。八月收子叶，余采无时。药性论云∶柏子仁，君，恶菊花，畏羊蹄草，味甘，辛。能治
腰肾中冷，膀胱冷，脓宿水，兴阳道，益寿，去头风，治百邪鬼魅，主小儿惊痫。又云侧柏
叶，君，与酒相宜，止尿血。味苦、辛，性涩。能治冷风，历节疼痛。日华子云∶柏子仁，
治风，润皮肤，此是侧柏子，入药，微炒用。又云柏叶灸 冻疮，烧取汁涂头，黑润鬓发。
又云柏白皮无毒。
图经曰∶柏实，生泰山山谷，今处处有之，而干州者最佳。三月开花，九月结子，候成
熟收采，蒸曝干，春 取熟仁子用。其叶名侧柏。密州出者尤佳。虽与他柏相类，而其叶皆
侧向而生，功效殊别。采无时。张仲景方疗吐血不止者，柏叶汤主之。青柏叶一把，干姜三
片，阿胶一挺，炙，三味以水二升，煮一升，去滓，别绞马通汁一升相和，合煎取一升，绵
滤，一服尽之。山东医工亦多用侧柏。然云性寒，止痛。其方采叶入臼中，湿捣，令极烂如
泥，冷水调作膏，以治大人及小儿汤汤火烧，涂敷于伤处，用帛子系定，三、两日疮当敛，
仍灭瘢。又取叶焙干为末，与川黄连二味，同煎为汁，服之，以疗男子、妇人、小儿大腹下
黑血茶脚色，或脓血如淀色，所谓蛊痢者，治之有殊效。又能杀五脏虫。道家多作柏叶汤，
常点益人。古柏叶尤奇。今益州诸葛孔明庙中，有大柏木，相传是蜀世所植，故人多采收以
作药，其味甘，香于常柏也。
雷公云∶凡使，先以酒浸一宿，至明漉出，晒干，却用黄精自然汁于日中煎，手不住搅，
若天久阴，即于铛中着水，用瓶器盛柏子仁，着火缓缓煮成煎为度。每煎三两柏子仁，用酒
五两浸干为度。又云∶凡使，勿用花柏叶并丛柏叶。有子圆叶，其有子圆叶成片，如大片云
母，叶叶皆侧，叶上有微赤毛。若花柏叶，其树浓叶成朵，无子；丛柏叶，其树绿色，不入
药中用。若修事一斤，先拣去两畔并心枝了，用糯泔浸七日后漉出，用酒拌蒸一伏时，却用
黄精自然汁浸了焙干，又浸又焙，待黄精汁干尽，然后用之。如修事一斤，用黄精自然汁十
二两。圣惠方∶治时气瘴疫。用社中西南柏树东南枝，取曝干，捣罗为末，以水调下一钱匕。
日三、四服。《肘后方》同。又方∶治大风疾，令眉鬓再生。用侧柏叶九蒸九曝，捣罗为末，
炼蜜和丸如梧桐子大。日三服，夜一服，熟水下五丸、十丸，百日即生。又方∶治忧恚呕血，
烦满少气，胸中疼痛。用柏叶捣罗为散，不计时候。以粥饮调下二钱匕。又方∶小儿 啼惊
痫，腹满不乳食，大便青白色。用柏子仁末，温水调下二钱。经验后方∶治霍乱转筋。先以
暖物裹脚，然后以柏树木细锉，煮汤淋之。又方∶小儿洞下痢，煮柏叶服之。梅师方∶治中
热油及火烧疮。以柏白皮、猪脂煎，涂疮上。《鬼遗方》同。孙真人食忌∶生发方取侧柏叶
阴干作末，和油涂之。孙真人枕中记∶采松柏法∶尝以三月、四月采新生松叶，可长三、四
寸许，并花蕊，取阴干，细捣为末。其柏叶，取深山岩谷中，采当年新生，可长三、四寸者，
阴干，细捣为末，用白蜜丸如小豆大。常以月一十五日，日未出时，烧香东向，手持药八十
一丸，以酒下。服一年，延十年命；服二年，延二十年命。欲得长肌肉，加大麻、巨胜；欲
心力壮健者，加茯苓、人参。此药除百病，益元气添五脏六腑，清明耳目，强壮不衰老，延
年益寿，神验。用七月七日露水丸之，更佳。服时乃咒曰∶神仙真药，体合自然。服药入腹，
天地同年。咒讫服药。断诸杂肉、五辛。最切忌，慎之。姚氏方∶治鼠 肿核痛，未成脓。
以柏叶敷着肿上，熬盐着肿上熨，令热气下，即消。抱朴子∶汉成帝时，猎者于终南山见一
人，无衣服，身皆生黑毛。跳坑越涧如飞，乃密伺其所在，合围取得，乃是一妇人。问之∶
言我是秦之宫人，关东贼至，秦王出降，惊走入山，饥无所食，泊欲饿死。有一老公，教我
吃松柏叶、实，初时苦涩，后稍便吃，遂不复饥。冬不寒，夏不热，此女是秦人。至成帝时，
三百余载也。列仙传∶赤松子，好食柏实，齿落更生。别说云∶谨按陶隐居说∶柏忌取冢墓
上者，今云干州者最佳。则干州柏茂大者，皆是乾陵所出，他处皆无大者，但取其州土所宜，
子实气味丰美可也。乾陵之柏，异于他处，其木未有无纹理者，而其纹多为菩萨云气、人物
鸟兽，状极分明可观。有盗得一株径尺者，可直万钱，关陕人家，多以为贵，宜其子实最佳
也。又以其枝节烧油膏，敷恶疮久不瘥有虫者。牛马畜产有疮疥，名为重病，以敷之三、五
次，无不愈也。
衍义曰∶柏，取 以疗马 疥，今未见用松 者。老人虚秘，柏子仁、大麻子仁、松子
仁等分，同研，溶白蜡丸桐子大。以少黄丹汤，服二、三十丸，食前。尝官陕西，每登高望
之，虽千万株，皆一一西指。盖此木为至坚之木，不畏霜雪，得木之正气，他木不逮也。所
以受金之正气所制，故一一向之。
柏实
味甘，性平，无毒。主治惊悸不安，安定五脏，补益元气，祛除风湿痹痛，治疗神志恍惚、身体虚弱气息短促、历节病及腰中沉重疼痛，补血，止汗。长期服用可使肌肤润泽、面色美好，耳目灵敏，不感饥饿，延缓衰老，使身体轻健长寿。产于泰山山谷。以泰山所产者最为优良。
柏叶
味苦，微温，无毒。主治吐血、鼻出血、痢疾便血、妇女崩漏带下赤白，能轻身益气，使人耐寒暑，祛除湿痹，缓解饥饿感。四季均可根据方位采集，阴干备用。柏树白皮，主治火烫伤、溃烂疮疡，促进毛发生长。（以牡蛎及桂枝、瓜子为引药，畏菊花、羊蹄、各种石类及面曲。）
陶隐居说：柏叶和柏实，也是服饵养生所重视的，服饵另有方法。柏树到处都有，但以泰山所产为佳，并忌讳取用坟墓上的柏树。虽然四季都有，但秋夏两季采收为好。其树脂也可入药使用。此处说柏树恶面曲，有人用柏树枝酿酒并无妨碍，恐怕是因为酒米混合与单用的效果不同。《唐本草》注解说：用柏枝节煮水酿酒，主治风痹、历节风，烧取柏脂，治疗疥疮及癞疮效果良好。现在柏子仁已有应用。八月采收子叶，其余时间随时可采。《药性论》说：柏子仁，为君药，恶菊花，畏羊蹄草，味甘辛。能治疗腰肾寒冷、膀胱寒冷、体内停积水液，兴阳道，益寿，去除头风，治疗百邪鬼魅所致疾病，主治小儿惊痫。又说侧柏叶，为君药，与酒相宜，能止尿血。味苦辛，性涩。能治疗冷风、历节疼痛。日华子说：柏子仁，治疗风疾，滋润皮肤，这是侧柏子，入药需微炒使用。又说柏叶灸治冻疮，烧取汁液涂抹头发，可使鬓发黑润。又说柏白皮无毒。
《图经本草》说：柏实，生于泰山山谷，现在各地都有，但乾州所产的最佳。三月开花，九月结子，待成熟后采收，蒸晒干燥，春季取出熟仁子使用。其叶名为侧柏。密州出产的尤为佳好。虽然与其他柏树相似，但其叶子皆侧向生长，功效截然不同。采收无固定时间。张仲景方剂中治疗吐血不止者，用柏叶汤为主方。青柏叶一把，干姜三片，阿胶一块（炙），三味药加水二升，煮至一升，去渣，另取马通汁一升混合，再煎取一升，用绵布过滤，一次服完。山东医工也多用侧柏。据说其性寒，能止痛。其方是将叶片放入臼中，湿捣至极烂如泥状，用冷水调成膏，用于治疗大人及小儿沸水或火烧伤，涂抹于患处，用帛布系定，三两天后疮口收敛，并能消除疤痕。又取叶片焙干研末，与川黄连两味药同煎取汁服用，用于治疗男子、妇人、小儿大腹下黑血如茶脚色，或脓血如沉淀物色，即所谓蛊痢，治疗效果显著。又能杀灭五脏寄生虫。道家多制作柏叶汤，经常服用对人有益。古柏叶尤其奇特。如今益州诸葛亮庙中，有大柏树，相传是蜀汉时期所植，所以人们多采收作为药物，其味甘，香气胜过普通柏树。
雷公说：凡是使用柏子仁，先以酒浸泡一夜，至天明滤出，晒干，再用黄精自然汁在日光下煎煮，手不停搅拌，如果天气久阴，则在锅中加水，用瓶器盛放柏子仁，用火缓缓煮成煎膏为止。每煎三两柏子仁，用五两酒浸泡至干为度。又说：凡是使用柏子仁，不要用花柏叶和丛柏叶。有子圆叶柏，其有子圆叶成片，如大片云母，叶子都侧向生长，叶上有微红细毛。如果是花柏叶，其树浓叶成朵，无子；丛柏叶，其树绿色，不入药用。如果炮制一斤，先拣去两边的枝条和心枝，用糯米泔水浸泡七日后滤出，用酒拌蒸一个时辰，再用黄精自然汁浸泡后焙干，又浸又焙，直到黄精汁干尽，然后使用。如果炮制一斤，用黄精自然汁十二两。《圣惠方》：治疗时气瘴疫。用社中西南方向生长的柏树东南枝，取来曝干，捣罗为末，用水调服一钱匕。每日三、四次服用。《肘后方》相同。又一方：治疗大风疾，使眉毛鬓角再生。用侧柏叶九蒸九晒，捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸如梧桐子大。每日三次，夜间一次，温水送服五丸、十丸，百日即可生发。又一方：治疗忧愤呕血，烦闷少气，胸中疼痛。用柏叶捣罗为散，不拘时候。用粥饮调下二钱匕。又一方：治疗小儿啼哭惊痫，腹部胀满不吃奶，大便青白色。用柏子仁末，温水调下二钱。《经验后方》：治疗霍乱转筋。先用暖物包裹双脚，然后用柏树木细锉，煮汤淋洗。又一方：治疗小儿洞泄痢疾，煮柏叶服用。《梅师方》：治疗中暑热油及火烧疮。用柏白皮、猪脂煎煮，涂于疮上。《鬼遗方》相同。孙真人食忌：生发方取侧柏叶阴干作末，和油涂抹。孙真人枕中记：采松柏法：曾在三月、四月采集新生松叶，长约三、四寸左右，连同花蕊，取来阴干，细捣为末。其柏叶，取深山岩谷中，采集当年新生，长约三、四寸的，阴干，细捣为末，用白蜜丸如小豆大。常在每月十五日，日出之前，烧香向东，手持药丸八十一粒，以酒送下。服用一年，延寿十年；服用二年，延寿二十年。想要长肌肉，加大麻、巨胜（黑芝麻）；想要心力壮健者，加茯苓、人参。此药除百病，益元气添五脏六腑，清明耳目，强壮不衰老，延年益寿，神验。用七月七日露水制丸更好。服药时念咒曰：神仙真药，体合自然。服药入腹，天地同年。咒毕服药。断绝各种杂肉、五辛。最切忌，务必谨慎。姚氏方：治疗鼠瘰肿核痛，未成脓。将柏叶敷在肿处，将盐炒热敷在肿处熨烫，令热气下行，即消散。抱朴子：汉成帝时，猎者在终南山见到一人，无衣服，全身生黑毛。跳跃坑涧如飞，于是暗中窥伺其所在，合围捕获，竟是一名妇人。询问她，她说我是秦朝宫人，关东贼兵到来，秦王投降，惊恐逃入山中，饥饿无食，几乎饿死。有一老翁，教我吃松柏叶和实，起初苦涩，后来稍能适应食用，于是不再饥饿。冬天不冷，夏天不热，此女是秦人。到成帝时，已三百多年了。《列仙传》：赤松子，喜好食用柏实，牙齿脱落重新长出。别说：谨按陶隐居所说：柏树忌讳取用坟墓上的，现在说乾州所产最佳。那么乾州柏树茂大者，都是出自乾陵，别处都没有大的，只是取其州土适宜，子实气味丰美罢了。乾陵的柏树，异于别处，其木材没有无纹理的，而其纹多为菩萨云气、人物鸟兽，形状极其分明可观。有盗贼得到一株径尺的，价值万钱，关陕人家，多以此为贵，难怪其子实最佳。又以其枝节烧油膏，敷治恶疮久不愈合且有虫者。牛马牲畜有疮疥，名为重病，敷上三、五次，无不痊愈。
《衍义》说：柏树，取柏脂治疗马疥癣，现在未见用松脂者。老人虚秘，柏子仁、大麻子仁、松子仁等分，同研，溶化白蜡丸如桐子大。用少量黄丹汤，饭前服二、三十丸。曾官任陕西，每次登高远望，虽千万株，皆一一向西指。大概此木为至坚之木，不畏霜雪，得木之正气，其他树木不及它。所以受金之正气所制约，故一一向西指。
Bai Shi (Platycladi Semen)
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats palpitations and anxiety, calms the five Zang organs, supplements Qi, dispels wind-dampness bi-syndrome, treats mental confusion, deficiency with shortness of breath, lizhi syndrome (painful joints) and heaviness/pain in the waist, nourishes blood, and stops sweating. Long-term consumption makes the skin lustrous and complexion beautiful, sharpens hearing and vision, prevents hunger and aging, lightens the body, and prolongs life. Grows in valleys on Mount Tai. Those from Mount Tai are especially superior.
Bo Ye (Platycladi Cacumen)
Bitter in flavor, slightly warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats hematemesis (vomiting blood), epistaxis (nosebleed), bloody dysentery, metrorrhagia and leukorrhea with red and white discharge. It lightens the body, benefits Qi, enables endurance to cold and heat, removes damp-bi, and relieves hunger. Harvested according to direction in all four seasons, dried in shade. Bai Pi (White Bark of Platycladus) treats burns and ulcerating sores, promotes hair growth. (Guided by Oyster Shell [Muli] and Cinnamon Twig [Guizhi], Sunflower Seed [Gua Zi]; adverse to Chrysanthemum [Juhua], Dock [Yangti], various minerals, and yeast/fermented grain [Qu].)
Tao Hongjing stated: Bo Ye and Bai Shi are also highly valued in elixir ingestion practices, which have specific methods. Platycladus grows everywhere, but those from Mount Tai are best; avoid harvesting from tombs. Although available year-round, autumn and summer harvests are preferred. Its resin is also used medicinally. The text mentions aversion to Qu; however, brewing wine with Platycladus branches causes no harm, likely because the mixture of wine rice differs from single use. *Tang Bencao* notes: Wine brewed from boiling Platycladus branch nodes treats wind-bi and lizhi wind; burning to collect resin effectively treats scabies and leprosy sores. Currently, Baizi Ren is utilized. Seeds and leaves are harvested in August, while other parts can be gathered anytime. *Yaoxing Lun* states: Baizi Ren is a sovereign herb, adverse to Chrysanthemum, adverse to Dock, sweet and pungent in flavor. It treats coldness in the waist and kidneys, cold bladder, retained turbid fluids, boosts sexual function, prolongs life, eliminates head wind, treats diseases caused by evil spirits/demons, and primarily manages pediatric convulsions and epilepsy. It further states that Ce Bai Ye (Side Cypress Leaf) is a sovereign herb, harmonizes well with wine, and stops hematuria. Bitter and pungent, astringent in nature. Treats cold wind and lizhi pain. Ri Huazi stated: Baizi Ren treats wind disorders and moistens the skin; this refers to Side Cypress seeds, which should be slightly stir-fried before use. It also states that Bo Ye moxibustion treats frostbite; burning to collect juice and applying it to the head darkens and moisturizes hair. Additionally, Bai Pi is non-toxic.
*Tujing* states: Bai Shi grows in valleys on Mount Tai and is now found everywhere, but those from Qianzhou are best. Flowers in March, fruits in September; harvest when ripe, steam and sun-dry, then extract mature kernels in spring. The leaf is named Ce Bai. Those from Mizhou are particularly excellent. Although similar to other cypresses, its leaves grow sideways, resulting in distinct efficacy. Harvest time is flexible. Zhang Zhongjing's formula for persistent hematemesis uses Bo Ye Tang as the primary prescription. One handful of Qing Bo Ye, three slices of Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), one piece of E Jiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin, roasted). Add two sheng of water, boil to one sheng, strain. Mix with one sheng of Ma Tong Zhi (Horse Manure Juice), boil again to one sheng, filter through silk cloth, and consume in one dose. Shandong physicians also frequently use Ce Bai Ye. It is said to be cold in nature and analgesic. The method involves pounding fresh leaves in a mortar until mushy, mixing with cold water into a paste, and applying to burns or scalds on adults and children. Secure with cloth; wounds heal within two to three days, and scars may fade. Another method: dry leaves, powder them, decoct with Chuan Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome), and drink the juice to treat severe lower abdominal bleeding resembling tea dregs or pus-like dysentery (Gu Li), showing remarkable efficacy. It also kills internal parasites. Daoists often prepare Bo Ye Tang for daily consumption to benefit health. Ancient Platycladus leaves are particularly unique. In Yizhou, inside the temple of Zhuge Liang, there is a large Platycladus tree, traditionally planted during the Shu Han period, widely collected for medicine. It tastes sweet and is more aromatic than common cypress.
Lei Gong stated: For processing, soak in wine overnight, drain, and sun-dry. Then decoct with natural juice of Huang Jing (Polygonatum Rhizome) under sunlight, stirring constantly. If weather is persistently cloudy, add water to a pan, place Baizi Ren in a bottle within the pan, and slowly simmer into a paste. For every three liang of Baizi Ren, use five liang of wine for soaking. Also, do not use Hua Bai Ye (Flowering Cypress Leaf) or Cong Bai Ye (Cluster Cypress Leaf). Youzi Yuan Ye has round leaves forming sheets like mica, growing sideways with fine red hairs. Hua Bai Ye trees have dense foliage clusters without seeds. Cong Bai Ye trees are green and not used medicinally. To process one jin: remove side branches and heartwood first, soak in glutinous rice wash water for seven days, drain, mix with wine, steam for one fu (approx. 2 hours), then soak in Huang Jing juice and dry. Repeat soaking and drying until Huang Jing juice is exhausted. Use twelve liang of Huang Jing juice per jin of herbs. *Shenghui Fang*: Treats epidemic miasma. Use southeast branches of southwest-facing cypress trees near community altars, dry, powder, and take one qian bi mixed with water. Take three to four times daily. Same as *Zhouhou Beiji Fang*. Another formula: Treats severe wind disease to regrow eyebrows and hair. Nine-steamed and nine-sun-dried Ce Bai Ye, powdered, mixed with refined honey into pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take three times daily, once at night, with warm water, 5-10 pills. Hair grows after 100 days. Another formula: Treats vomiting blood due to sorrow/anger, irritability, fullness, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Powder Bo Ye, take two qian bi mixed with porridge drink at any time. Another formula: Treats pediatric crying, convulsions, abdominal distension, refusal to nurse, and green-white stools. Take two qian of Baizi Ren powder mixed with warm water. *Jingyan Houfang*: Treats cholera with muscle cramps. Wrap feet in warm materials, then pour hot decoction of finely chopped Platycladus wood over them. Another formula: Treats pediatric profuse dysentery by decocting Bo Ye. *Meishi Fang*: Treats heatstroke, oil burns, and fire burns. Decoct Bai Pi with pig fat and apply to sores. Same as *Guiyi Fang*. Sun Simiao's Dietary Taboos: For hair growth, dry Ce Bai Ye in shade, powder, mix with oil, and apply. Sun Simiao's Pillow Book: Method for collecting pine and cypress: Collect new pine needles in March/April, about 3-4 cun long, along with flower buds, dry in shade, powder finely. For cypress leaves, collect new growth from deep mountain valleys, 3-4 cun long, dry in shade, powder finely. Mix with white honey into pills the size of adzuki beans. On the 15th of each month, before sunrise, burn incense facing east, hold 81 pills, swallow with wine. One year of use extends life by ten years; two years by twenty years. To build flesh, add Da Ma (Hemp Seed) and Ju Sheng (Sesame); to strengthen heart/mind, add Fu Ling (Poria) and Ren Shen (Ginseng). This drug eliminates hundred diseases, benefits Yuan Qi, nourishes Zang-Fu, clarifies senses, prevents aging, and prolongs life. Pills made with dew from July 7th are superior. Recite mantra before taking: "True elixir of immortals, conforms to nature. Entering the abdomen, sharing years with heaven and earth." After chanting, take medicine. Avoid all meats and Five Pungent Spices. Most critical to observe. Yao Shi Formula: Treats scrofula (swollen lymph nodes) before suppuration. Apply Bo Ye to swelling, press hot salt on top to fumigate/warm, directing heat downward to dissipate swelling. *Baopuzi*: During Emperor Cheng of Han's reign, hunters on Mount Zhongnan saw a naked person covered in black hair, jumping across ravines like flying. They ambushed and captured her, discovering she was a woman. She claimed to be a Qin palace maid who fled to mountains after Qin surrendered to rebels in Guandong. Starving, an old man taught her to eat pine and cypress leaves/seeds. Initially bitter, she adapted and no longer felt hunger. She endured cold winters and hot summers. She was a Qin person, and over 300 years had passed since Qin fell. *Lie Xian Zhuan*: Chi Songzi loved eating Bai Shi; lost teeth grew back. *Bieshuo*: According to Tao Hongjing, avoid cypress from tombs; currently, Qianzhou cypress is best. Large cypresses in Qianzhou originate from Qianling Mausoleum. Their wood always has patterns resembling Bodhisattvas, clouds, figures, birds, and beasts, clearly visible. A thief once stole a trunk one chi in diameter worth ten thousand coins; families in Guan-Shaan value it highly, justifying its superior fruit quality. Burning branch nodes yields oil/grease for treating chronic ulcers with worms. Applied 3-5 times to cattle/horses with mange/scabies, it heals completely.
*Yanyi* states: Cypress resin is used to treat horse mange, though pine resin is rarely seen in current practice. For elderly constipation due to deficiency, mix equal parts Baizi Ren, Da Ma Ren (Hemp Seed), and Song Zi Ren (Pine Seed), grind together, melt white beeswax, and form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20-30 pills before meals with a small amount of Huang Dan (Lead Monoxide) decoction. Having served in Shaanxi, I observed that even thousands of trees always point west. This wood is extremely hard, resistant to frost and snow, possessing the true qi of wood, surpassing other trees. Thus, constrained by the true qi of metal, they all point west.