\r锻石\pd47.bmp\r
味辛，温。主疽疡，疥瘙，热气，恶疮，癞疾，死肌，堕眉，杀痔虫，去黑子息肉，
疗髓骨疽。一名恶灰，一名希灰。生中山川谷。
陶隐居云∶中山属代郡。今近山生石，青白色，作灶烧竟，以水沃之，即热蒸而解末矣。
性
至烈，人以度酒饮之，则腹痛下痢，疗金疮亦甚良。俗名石垩。古方多以构冢，用捍水而辟
虫。故古冢中水，洗诸疮，皆即瘥。唐本注云∶《别录》及今人用疗金疮，止血，大效。若
五月五日采蘩蒌、葛叶、鹿活草、槲叶、芍药、地黄叶、苍耳叶、青蒿叶合锻石，捣为团如
鸡卵，曝干末，以疗疮生肌，大神验。今按∶别本注云∶烧青石为灰也，有两种∶风化，水
化
。风化为胜。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本云∶有毒，堕胎。药性论云∶锻石，治 疥，蚀恶肉，不
入
汤服。止金疮血，和鸡子白，败船茹，甚良。日华子云∶味甘，无毒。生肌长肉，止血，并
主
白癜， 疡，瘢疵等。疗冷气，妇人粉刺，痔 疽疮，瘿赘疣子。又，治产后阴不能合，浓
煎汁熏洗。解酒味酸，令不坏，治酒毒，暖水藏，倍胜炉灰。又名 石。
图经曰∶锻石，生中山川谷，今所在近山处皆有之。此烧青石为灰也，又名石 。有两
种∶
水化。风化者，取 了石，置风中自解，此为有力。水化者以水沃之，则热蒸而解，力差劣
古方多用合百草团末，治金创殊胜。今医家或以腊月黄牛胆，取汁搜和，却纳胆中，挂之当
风百日，研之更胜草叶者。又败船茹灰刮取用亦同。又冬灰，生方谷川泽。浣衣黄灰，烧诸
蒿藜积聚炼作之。今用灰多杂薪蒸，乃不善，唯桑薪灰，纯者入药绝奇。古方以诸灰杂锻石
熬煎，以点疣、痣、黑子等，丹灶亦用之。又 铁灶中灰，主坚积，古方二车丸用之。灶中
封釜月下黄土，名伏龙肝。灶额上墨，名百草霜，并主消化积滞，今人下食药中多用之。铛
下墨、梁上尘，并主金创。屋尘煤，治齿龈肿出血。东壁土，主下部疮，脱肛，皆医家常用
，故并见此。伤寒黑效丸，用釜底墨、灶突墨、梁上尘三物，同合诸药，盖其功用，亦相近
矣。
雷公云∶凡使，用醋浸一宿，漉出待干，下火 ，令腥秽气出，用瓶盛着，密盖，放冷，
拭
上灰，令净，细研用。圣惠方∶治蝼蛄咬人。用锻石醋和涂之。又方∶治大肠久积虚冷，每
因大便脱肛，挪不得入方∶炒锻石令热，故帛裹，坐其上，冷即易之。外台秘要∶元希声侍
郎治卒发疹秘验方∶锻石随多少，和醋、浆水调涂，随手即减。千金方∶治眉发髭落。锻石
三
升，上以水拌令匀，焰火炒令焦，以绢袋贮，使好酒一斗渍之，密封，冬十四日，春秋七日
。取服一合，常令酒气相接，服之百日，即新髭发生，不落。又方∶治 疮。取古冢中锻石
，敷浓调涂之。肘后方∶治产后阴道开不闭。锻石一斗熬之，以水二斗投灰中，适寒温，入
水中坐，须臾更作。又方∶治汤火灼疮。锻石细筛，水和涂之，干即易。又方∶治金刃所伤
，急以锻石裹之，既止痛，又速愈。无锻石，灰亦可用，疮若深，未宜速合者，以滑石敷之
。经验方∶治蚯蚓虫咬，其形如大风，眉须皆落。以锻石水浸身亦良。梅师方∶治产后阴肿
，下
脱肠出，玉门不闭。取锻石一斗，熬令黄，以水三斗投灰中，放冷澄清，取一斗三升暖洗。
又方∶治金疮止
速瘥方∶炒锻石和鸡子白，和丸如弹子大，炭火 赤，捣末，以敷疮上，立瘥。孙用和∶治
误
吞金银或钱，在腹内不下方∶锻石一杏核大，硫黄一皂子大，同研为末，酒调下，不计时候
服。孙真人食忌∶治疥淋，锻石汁洗之。又方∶去靥子。取锻石，炭上熬令热，插糯米于灰
上。候
米化，即取米点之。斗门方治刀斧伤。用锻石上包，定痛止血佳，瘥。又方∶治中风，口面
斜。向右即于左边涂之，向左即于右边涂之，候才正如旧，即须以水洗下，大妙。崔氏治血
痢十年方∶锻石三升熬令黄，以水一斗搅令清澄。一服一升，日三服。抱朴子内篇∶古大墓
中多锻石汁，夏月行人有疮者，见墓中清水，用自洗浴，疮自愈。于是诸病者闻之，悉住洗
之，传有人饮之以中病。新唐书《李百药传》∶百药劝杜伏威朝京师，既至历阳中，悔欲杀
之
，饮以锻石酒，因大利，顿欲死，既而宿病皆愈。丹房镜源云∶锻石伏硫黄，去锡上晕，制
雄黄，制 砂可用之。
衍义曰∶锻石，水调一盏，如稠粥，拣好糯米粒全者，半置灰中，半灰外。经宿，灰中
米色
如水精。若人手面上有黑 子及纹刺，先微微以针头拨动，置少许如水精者于其上，经半日
许
，汁自出，剔去药不用，且不得着水，三、二日愈。又，取新硬锻石一合，以醋炒，调如
泥，于患偏风牵口 邪人口唇上，不患处一边涂之，立便牵正。
锻石
味辛，性温。主治痈疽疮疡、疥癣瘙痒、热气病、恶疮、癞疾（麻风等皮肤顽疾）、死肌（坏死的肌肉）、眉毛脱落、杀灭痔疮虫、去除黑痣和息肉，治疗骨髓疽。又名恶灰，又名希灰。产于中山地区的山谷中。
陶隐居说：中山属于代郡。现在靠近山的地方出产石头，颜色青白，用作灶台烧完后，用水浇在上面，就会热气蒸腾并分解成粉末。
药性非常猛烈，人如果用它拌酒喝，会导致腹痛腹泻，但治疗金创（金属利器造成的创伤）也非常有效。俗名叫石垩。古方多用来覆盖坟墓，用以防水防虫。所以古墓中的水，用来清洗各种疮疡，都能立即痊愈。唐本注说：《别录》及今人用其治疗金创，止血，效果极大。如果在五月五日采集蘩蒌、葛叶、鹿活草、槲叶、芍药、地黄叶、苍耳叶、青蒿叶与锻石混合，捣碎做成如鸡蛋大小的团块，晒干后研成粉末，用来治疗疮疡生肌，非常灵验。现在考证：别本注说：这是将青石烧成的灰，有两种：风化灰和水化灰。以风化灰为优。臣禹锡等人谨按蜀本草说：有毒，能堕胎。药性论说：锻石，治疗疥疮，腐蚀恶肉，不进入汤剂服用。能止金创出血，与鸡蛋清调和，用于处理腐烂的船木渣，效果很好。日华子说：味甘，无毒。能生肌长肉，止血，并主治白癜风、溃疡、瘢痕瑕疵等。治疗冷气，妇人粉刺，痔疮疽疮，瘿瘤赘疣。另外，治疗产后阴道口不能闭合，浓煎汁液熏洗。能解酒味的酸腐，使酒不坏，治疗酒毒，温暖下焦脏腑，比炉灰好得多。又名石。
图经曰：锻石，产于中山山谷，现在靠近山的地方都有出产。这是将青石烧成的灰，又名石。有两种：水化灰和风化灰。风化灰，是将石头放在风中自然分解，这种效力强。水化灰是用水浇淋，则热气蒸腾而分解，效力较差。
古方多用其与其他草药混合成团研末，治疗金创特别显著。现在的医家有时用腊月黄牛胆，取胆汁调和，再放回胆中，挂在通风处一百天，研磨后比加草叶的效果更好。还有腐烂船木的灰刮取使用也相同。另外，冬灰，产于方谷川泽。是浣衣用的黄灰，烧各种蒿藜积聚炼制成的。现在用的灰多混杂柴薪灰烬，质量不好，只有桑柴灰纯净者入药极佳。古方用各种灰混合锻石熬煎，用来点涂疣、痣、黑痣等，炼丹也用。另外铁灶中的灰，主治坚积（坚硬积聚的肿块），古方二车丸中使用它。灶中封住锅底的黄土，名叫伏龙肝。灶额上的墨，名叫百草霜，都主治消化积滞，现在人下药食散中多用它们。锅底墨、梁上尘，都主治金创。屋尘煤，治疗牙龈肿痛出血。东壁土，主治下部疮疡、脱肛，都是医生常用的，所以一并记录在此。伤寒黑效丸，用釜底墨、灶突墨、梁上尘三物，配合其他药物，大概它们的功用也是相近的。
雷公说：凡是使用，用醋浸泡一夜，捞出待干，上火加热，让腥秽气味散发出来，用瓶子盛放，密封盖好，放凉，擦去上面的灰，使其干净，细研后使用。圣惠方：治疗蝼蛄咬人。用锻石醋调涂抹。又一方：治疗大肠久积虚冷，每次因大便导致脱肛，推不回去。炒热锻石，用旧布包裹，坐在上面，凉了即更换。外台秘要：元希声侍郎治疗突发皮疹的秘验方：锻石适量，和醋、浆水调匀涂抹，随手即减轻。千金方：治疗眉毛头发胡须脱落。锻石三升，先用水拌匀，用猛火炒至焦黑，装入绢袋，用好酒一斗浸泡，密封，冬天十四天，春秋七天。每次服用一合，常令酒气相接，服用一百天，新的胡须就会生长，不再脱落。又一方：治疗恶疮。取古墓中的锻石，浓调涂抹。肘后方：治疗产后阴道开而不闭。锻石一斗熬制，加水二斗倒入灰中，温度适宜时，坐入水中，一会儿再换一次。又一方：治疗汤火灼伤。锻石细筛，用水调涂，干了就换。又一方：治疗金属利器所伤，急忙用锻石包裹，既止痛，又愈合快。没有锻石，普通灰也可以用，如果疮深，不宜快速愈合的，用滑石敷之。经验方：治疗蚯蚓虫咬，症状像大风病，眉毛胡须都脱落。用锻石水浸身也很好。梅师方：治疗产后阴部肿胀，直肠脱出，玉门（阴道口）不闭。取锻石一斗，熬至变黄，加水三斗倒入灰中，放凉澄清，取一斗三升温热洗涤。又一方：治疗金创迅速愈合方：炒锻石和鸡蛋清，和丸如弹子大，炭火烧红，捣成粉末，敷在疮上，立即痊愈。孙用和：治疗误吞金银或钱币，在腹内不下。方：锻石如杏核大，硫黄如皂角子大，同研为末，酒调服，不限时候服用。孙真人食忌：治疗疥疮淋沥，用锻石汁清洗。又一方：去除面靥（脸上的黑斑）。取锻石，在炭上熬热，插糯米于灰上。等米融化，就取米点涂。斗门方治疗刀斧伤。用锻石包扎，定痛止血佳，痊愈快。又一方：治疗中风，口眼歪斜。向右歪就在左边涂，向左歪就在右边涂，等到刚恢复端正，就必须用水洗掉，效果极好。崔氏治疗血痢十年方：锻石三升熬至变黄，加水一斗搅动澄清。一次服用一升，每天三次。抱朴子内篇：古代大墓中多有锻石汁，夏天过路的人如果有疮，看到墓中的清水，用来自己洗浴，疮自愈。于是其他病人听说后，都停止洗浴，传闻有人饮用它治好了病。新唐书《李百药传》：百药劝杜伏威进京朝见，到了历阳中间，后悔想杀他，让他喝锻石酒，因此大量利下，差点死掉，后来宿病都好了。丹房镜源说：锻石能伏硫黄，去除锡上的锈晕，制约雄黄，制约朱砂可以使用它。
衍义说：锻石，用水调成一盏，像稠粥一样，挑选好糯米粒完整的，一半放入灰中，一半在灰外。经过一夜，灰中的米色像水晶一样透明。如果人手面上有黑痣及纹身，先用针头微微拨动，放少许像水晶一样的物质在上面，大约半天，汁液自然流出，剔除药物不用，并且不能沾水，三两天痊愈。另外，取新硬锻石一合，用醋炒，调成泥状，涂在患偏风口眼歪斜者的嘴唇上，不患病的一边涂，立刻就能拉正。
Duan Shi (Calcined Stone)
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature. Primarily treats carbuncles and sores (ju yang), scabies and itching (jie sao), heat qi disorders, malignant sores, leprosy-like diseases (lai ji), necrotic muscle, loss of eyebrows, kills hemorrhoid worms, removes black moles and polyps, and treats osteomyelitis (sui gu ju). Also known as E Hui (Evil Ash) and Xi Hui. Grows in the valleys of Zhongshan.
Tao Hongjing stated: Zhongshan belongs to Dai Commandery. Currently, stones are found near mountains; they are blue-white in color. After being used for a stove and burned, when water is poured on them, they steam hot and disintegrate into powder.
The medicinal property is extremely acrid. If people drink it mixed with wine, it causes abdominal pain and dysentery, but it is also very effective for treating metal wounds (jin chuang). It is commonly called Shi E (Stone Chalk). Ancient prescriptions often used it to cover tombs to repel water and insects. Therefore, water from ancient tombs can cure various sores immediately upon washing. The Tang Ben Zhu noted: "Bie Lu" and current practitioners use it to treat metal wounds and stop bleeding, with great efficacy. If collected on the fifth day of the fifth month, mixed with Fan Lou, Ge Ye (Caulis Puerariae), Lu Huo Cao, Hu Ye (Quercus variabilis Leaf), Shao Yao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra/Alba), Di Huang Ye (Folium Rehmanniae), Cang Er Ye (Fructus Xanthii), and Qing Hao Ye (Herba Artemisiae Annuae) with Duan Shi, pounded into balls the size of chicken eggs, dried in the sun, and powdered, it is highly effective for treating sores and generating flesh. Current research indicates: Another edition's note states: This is ash made by burning bluestone, with two types: wind-weathered and water-treated. Wind-weathered is superior. Ministers Yu Xi et al. according to the Shu Bencao state: It is toxic and can cause abortion. The Xing Ming Lun states: Duan Shi treats scabies, corrodes foul flesh, and is not taken in decoctions. It stops bleeding from metal wounds; when mixed with egg white, it is excellent for treating rotting ship timber. Ri Hua Zi stated: Sweet in flavor, non-toxic. It generates flesh, stops bleeding, and mainly treats vitiligo (bai dian), ulcers, scars, and blemishes. It treats cold qi disorders, women's acne, hemorrhoidal abscesses, goiters, warts, and skin tags. Additionally, for postpartum vaginal laxity, a concentrated decoction is used for fumigation and washing. It resolves the sourness of wine, prevents spoilage, treats alcohol toxicity, warms the lower jiao organs, and is superior to furnace ash. Also known as Shi.
Tu Jing says: Duan Shi grows in the valleys of Zhongshan and is now available near mountains everywhere. This is ash made by burning bluestone, also known as Shi. There are two types: water-treated and wind-weathered. For wind-weathered, stones are placed in the wind to naturally disintegrate; this has strong potency. For water-treated, water is poured on them, causing steaming and disintegration; this has weaker potency.
Ancient prescriptions often combined it with hundred herbs, formed into balls, powdered, and used for metal wounds with special efficacy. Current physicians sometimes use bile from a yellow ox in the twelfth lunar month, mix it with the ash, return it to the gallbladder, hang it in the wind for one hundred days, and grind it; this is more effective than adding herbs. Ash from rotting ship timber scraped off is also used similarly. Additionally, Dong Hui (Winter Ash) grows in Fanggu River marshes. It is yellow ash for laundry, made by burning accumulated mugwort and chenopodium. Currently used ash often mixes firewood ash, which is inferior; only pure mulberry wood ash is excellent for medicine. Ancient prescriptions boiled various ashes with Duan Shi to apply on warts, moles, and black spots; alchemists also used it. Additionally, ash from iron stoves treats hard accumulations; the ancient prescription Er Che Wan uses it. Yellow earth sealing the pot bottom in the stove is named Fu Long Gan (Dragon Liver). Ink from the stove forehead is named Bai Cao Shuang (Hundred Grass Frost); both treat digestion and stagnation, and are currently widely used in digestive aids. Soot under the pan and dust on beams both treat metal wounds. House dust coal treats swollen and bleeding gums. Earth from the east wall treats lower body sores and rectal prolapse; these are commonly used by doctors, hence recorded here. Shang Han Hei Xiao Wan uses soot from the pot bottom, chimney, and beam dust combined with other drugs, as their functions are similar.
Lei Gong said: When using, soak in vinegar overnight, drain and dry, heat over fire until the fishy odor dissipates, store in a bottle, seal tightly, cool, wipe off surface ash to clean, and grind finely. Sheng Hui Fang: Treats mole cricket bites. Apply Duan Shi mixed with vinegar. Another prescription: Treats chronic deficiency-cold accumulation in the large intestine, causing rectal prolapse during defecation that cannot be pushed back. Heat-fried Duan Shi, wrap in old cloth, sit on it, replace when cool. Wai Tai Mi Yao: Official Yuan Xisheng's secret prescription for sudden onset rash: Appropriate amount of Duan Shi, mixed with vinegar and fermented rice water, applied topically, reduces symptoms immediately. Qian Jin Fang: Treats loss of eyebrows, hair, and beard. Three sheng of Duan Shi, moisten with water, stir-fry over high flame until charred, store in silk bag, steep in ten dou of good wine, seal tightly, steep for fourteen days in winter or seven days in spring/autumn. Take one ge per dose, maintain continuous wine effect, take for one hundred days, new beard will grow and not fall out. Another prescription: Treats malignant sores. Take Duan Shi from ancient tombs, mix thickly and apply. Zhou Hou Fang: Treats postpartum vaginal opening not closing. One dou of Duan Shi, roasted, add two dou of water to ash, adjust temperature, sit in water, repeat after a while. Another prescription: Treats scalds and burns. Sieve fine Duan Shi, mix with water and apply, change when dry. Another prescription: Treats injuries from blades. Immediately wrap with Duan Shi, stops pain and speeds healing. If Duan Shi is unavailable, ordinary ash works; if the wound is deep and should not heal quickly, apply Hua Shi (Talcum). Jing Yan Fang: Treats earthworm bites, resembling severe wind syndrome with loss of eyebrows and beard. Washing body with Duan Shi water is also beneficial. Mei Shi Fang: Treats postpartum vulvar swelling, rectal prolapse, and vaginal laxity. One dou of Duan Shi, roasted until yellow, add three dou of water to ash, cool and clarify, take one dan three sheng for warm washing. Another prescription: Rapid healing for metal wounds. Stir-fry Duan Shi, mix with egg white, form pills like marbles, roast red over charcoal, powder, and apply to sores for immediate healing. Sun Yonghe: Treats accidental swallowing of gold, silver, or coins stuck in abdomen. Prescription: An apricot-kernel-sized piece of Duan Shi and a soap-bean-sized piece of Liu Huang (Sulfur), ground together, taken with wine at any time. Sun Taoren's Dietary Taboos: Treats scabies discharge, wash with Duan Shi juice. Another prescription: Removes facial moles. Take Duan Shi, roast hot on charcoal, insert glutinous rice into ash. When rice melts, use rice to dab the spot. Dou Men Fang treats knife and axe wounds. Wrap with Duan Shi, excellent for stopping pain and bleeding, promotes healing. Another prescription: Treats stroke with facial paralysis. Apply to the unaffected side if deviated to the right, and vice versa; once aligned, wash off immediately, highly effective. Cui Shi's prescription for ten-year bloody dysentery: Three sheng of Duan Shi roasted until yellow, add one dou of water, stir and clarify. Take one sheng per dose, three times daily. Bao Pu Zi Nei Pian: Ancient large tombs often contain Duan Shi juice. Travelers in summer with sores see clear water in tombs and wash themselves, curing sores spontaneously. Others heard this and stopped washing, but some drank it and were cured. New Book of Tang, Biography of Li Baiyao: Baiyao advised Du Fuwei to visit the capital. Upon reaching Liyang, Du regretted and wanted to kill him, fed him Duan Shi wine, causing severe diarrhea, nearly dying, but subsequent chronic illnesses were cured. Dan Fang Jing Yuan states: Duan Shi fixes sulfur, removes tin oxidation, controls Xiong Huang (Realgar), and controls Zhu Sha (Cinnabar).
Yan Yi states: Mix Duan Shi with water to make a cupful, like thick porridge. Select whole, good glutinous rice grains, place half in the ash, half outside. Overnight, the rice in the ash becomes transparent like crystal. If there are black moles or tattoos on the hand, gently prick with a needle tip first, place a small amount of the crystal-like substance on it, wait about half a day until fluid exudes, remove medication, keep dry from water, heals in two to three days. Additionally, take one he of fresh, hard Duan Shi, stir-fry with vinegar, mix into mud, apply to the lips of patients with hemiplegia and facial paralysis, applying to the unaffected side, instantly corrects deviation.