温湿风毒，从脚而上，故令四肢懈惰，缓弱疼痹，甚则上攻，名香港脚。而津液为风湿所
折，则津液痞涩，而蓄积成水，内则浸渍脏腑，外则流溢皮肤，故令腠理胀密。水气积不散
淋者，肾虚而膀胱热也。膀胱与肾为表里，俱主水。行于胞者，为小便也。腑脏不调，
为邪所乘，肾虚则小便数，膀胱热则小便涩。其状∶小便痛疼涩数，淋沥不宣，故谓之淋也
淋而出石，谓之石淋。肾主水，水结则化为石，故肾客沙石。肾为热所乘，则成淋，肾
虚则不能制石，故淋而出石。细者如麻如豆，大者亦有结如皂荚核状者，发则塞痛闷绝，石
胞转之病，由胞为热所迫，或忍小便，俱令水气还迫于胞，屈辟不得充张，外水应入不
得入，内溲应出不得出，内外壅胀不通，故为胞转。其状∶小腹急痛，不得小便，甚者至死。
张仲景云∶妇人本肥盛，头举身满，今反羸瘦，头举空减，胞系了戾，亦致胞转。
肾与膀胱为表里，俱主水。水行小肠，入胞为小便。热搏其脏，热气蕴积，水行则涩，
故小便不利也。
水行于小肠，入胞为小便。肾与膀胱俱主水，此二经为脏腑，若内生大热，热气入小肠
及胞，胞内热，故小便不通，令小腹胀满，气喘息也。
温湿风毒，从脚而上，故令四肢懈惰，缓弱疼痹，甚则上攻，名香港脚。
湿热风毒之邪，自足部向上侵袭，导致四肢懈怠无力、松弛软弱且疼痛麻木，严重时病邪上攻，这种病症称为香港脚（脚气病）。
而津液为风湿所折，则津液痞涩，而蓄积成水，内则浸渍脏腑，外则流溢皮肤，故令腠理胀密。水气积不散
若津液被风湿之邪阻滞，则津液运行痞塞涩滞，进而积聚化为水湿；在内则浸渍五脏六腑，在外则流溢于皮肤，因此导致腠理（皮肤纹理及汗孔）肿胀致密。水气积聚而不消散……
淋者，肾虚而膀胱热也。膀胱与肾为表里，俱主水。行于胞者，为小便也。腑脏不调，为邪所乘，肾虚则小便数，膀胱热则小便涩。其状∶小便痛疼涩数，淋沥不宣，故谓之淋也
淋证（以小便频数短急、滴沥刺痛为主要表现的病证），是由于肾虚而膀胱有热所致。膀胱与肾互为表里，共同主管水液代谢。流经胞宫（此处指代下焦泌尿区域）的水液，形成小便。若脏腑功能失调，遭受邪气侵袭，肾虚则导致小便频数，膀胱有热则导致小便涩滞不畅。其症状表现为：小便疼痛、涩滞、频数，淋漓不尽且排泄不畅，因此称之为淋证。
淋而出石，谓之石淋。肾主水，水结则化为石，故肾客沙石。肾为热所乘，则成淋，肾虚则不能制石，故淋而出石。细者如麻如豆，大者亦有结如皂荚核状者，发则塞痛闷绝，石
淋证中排出结石的，称为石淋。肾主水液，水液凝结则化为石头，所以肾脏容易滞留沙石。若肾受热邪侵袭，则形成淋证；肾虚则无法制约结石的形成，因此在淋证过程中排出结石。结石细小的如芝麻、豆子，大的也有结成类似皂荚核形状的，发作时会导致尿道阻塞、剧痛甚至昏厥，结石……
胞转之病，由胞为热所迫，或忍小便，俱令水气还迫于胞，屈辟不得充张，外水应入不得入，内溲应出不得出，内外壅胀不通，故为胞转。其状∶小腹急痛，不得小便，甚者至死。张仲景云∶妇人本肥盛，头举身满，今反羸瘦，头举空减，胞系了戾，亦致胞转。
胞转病，是因为胞宫（此处指膀胱及其系带）受到热邪逼迫，或者强行忍住小便，都会导致水气回迫于胞宫，使胞系屈曲扭转而不能舒展充盈，外部的水液应当进入却无法进入，内部的小便应当排出却无法排出，内外壅塞胀满不通，因此称为胞转。其症状表现为：小腹部紧急疼痛，无法排尿，严重的甚至会导致死亡。张仲景说：妇女原本身体肥胖，头部抬起感觉全身胀满，现在反而消瘦，头部抬起感觉空虚减轻，这是因为胞系扭转错乱，也会导致胞转。
肾与膀胱为表里，俱主水。水行小肠，入胞为小便。热搏其脏，热气蕴积，水行则涩，故小便不利也。
肾与膀胱互为表里，共同主管水液。水液流经小肠，进入胞宫形成小便。若热邪搏结于脏腑，热气蕴积其中，水液运行就会涩滞，因此导致小便不利。
水行于小肠，入胞为小便。肾与膀胱俱主水，此二经为脏腑，若内生大热，热气入小肠及胞，胞内热，故小便不通，令小腹胀满，气喘息也。
水液流经小肠，进入胞宫形成小便。肾与膀胱都主管水液，这两条经络所属的脏腑，如果体内产生大热，热气侵入小肠和胞宫，导致胞宫内热，因此小便不通畅，引起小腹胀满和气喘。
三焦五脏不调和，冷热之气结于肠胃，津液竭燥，大肠壅涩，故大便不通。张仲景云∶妇人经水过多，亡津液者，亦大便难也。
三焦和五脏功能失调，冷气和热气结聚在肠胃，导致津液枯竭干燥，大肠壅塞涩滞，因此大便不通畅。张仲景说：妇女月经量过多，耗伤津液的，也会出现大便困难的情况。
Warm-dampness and wind-toxicity ascend from the feet, causing flaccidity and weakness of the four limbs, with soreness and bi-syndrome (painful obstruction), and in severe cases, attacking upwards; this condition is named Hongxiangjiao (Foot Qi disease). When body fluids are obstructed by wind-dampness, they become stagnant and astringent, accumulating into water. Internally, it infiltrates the zang-fu organs; externally, it overflows into the skin, causing the couli (skin pores and texture) to become swollen and dense. The accumulation of water qi does not dissipate...
Lin syndrome (a syndrome characterized by frequent, urgent, and painful urination) results from Kidney deficiency combined with Bladder heat. The Bladder and Kidney are exterior-interiorly related and both govern water metabolism. Fluids flowing through the Bao (uterus/lower jiao area) form urine. When the zang-fu organs are disharmonious and attacked by pathogenic factors, Kidney deficiency leads to frequent urination, while Bladder heat leads to difficult and astringent urination. Its manifestations include: pain, astringency, frequency, and incomplete dribbling of urine during urination; hence it is called Lin syndrome.
When stones are passed during Lin syndrome, it is called Shi Lin (Stone Lin). The Kidney governs water; when water condenses, it transforms into stones, so the Kidney harbors sand and stones. If the Kidney is attacked by heat, Lin syndrome forms; if the Kidney is deficient, it cannot control stone formation, thus stones are passed during Lin syndrome. Stones may be fine like hemp seeds or beans, or large and knotted like soap pod kernels. Upon onset, it causes blockage, severe pain, and syncope due to obstruction...
Bao Zhuan (Displacement of the Uterus/Bladder) is caused by heat forcing upon the Bao, or by holding urine, both of which cause water qi to press back against the Bao, leading to torsion and inability to expand. External water should enter but cannot, and internal urine should exit but cannot, resulting in internal and external stagnation and distension; hence it is called Bao Zhuan. Its manifestations include: acute pain in the lower abdomen and inability to urinate, which in severe cases can lead to death. Zhang Zhongjing stated: "Women who were originally obese and felt fullness throughout the body when lifting their heads, but now are emaciated and feel emptiness when lifting their heads, suffer from torsion of the Bao ligaments, which also causes Bao Zhuan."
The Kidney and Bladder are exterior-interiorly related and both govern water. Water flows through the Small Intestine and enters the Bao to form urine. If heat combats the viscera, heat qi accumulates, making water flow astringent, thus causing dysuria.
Water flows through the Small Intestine and enters the Bao to form urine. The Kidney and Bladder both govern water. These two meridians correspond to the zang-fu organs; if excessive internal heat arises, heat qi enters the Small Intestine and the Bao. Heat within the Bao causes urinary retention, leading to lower abdominal distension and panting.
Disharmony among the San Jiao (Triple Burner) and Five Zang organs causes cold and heat qi to knot in the intestines and stomach. Body fluids become exhausted and dry, causing the Large Intestine to become congested and astringent, thus leading to constipation. Zhang Zhongjing stated: "Women with excessive menstrual bleeding who lose body fluids will also experience difficulty in defecation."