客热者，由人腑脏不调，生于虚热。客于上焦，则胸膈生痰实，口苦舌干；客于中焦，
则烦心闷满，不能下食；客于下焦，则大便难，小便赤涩。
夫虚邪在于内，与卫气相搏，阴胜者则为寒。真气去，去则虚，虚则内生寒。
视其五官，色白为有寒。诊其脉，迟则为寒；紧则为寒；涩迟为寒；微者为寒；迟而缓
为寒；微而紧为寒；寸口虚为寒。其汤熨针石，别有正方，补养宣导，今附于后。
《养生方·导引法》云∶一足向下踏地，一足长舒向前，极势，手掌四方取势，左右换
易四七。去肠冷、腰脊急闷、骨疼，令使血气上下布润。
又云∶两足相合，两手仰捉两脚，向上急挽，头向后振，极势三七。欲得努足，手两向
舒张，身手足极势二七。去窍中生百病、下部虚冷。
又云∶叉跌，两手反向拓席，渐渐向后，努齐腹向前散气，待大急还放，来去二七。去
齐下冷、脚疼、五脏六腑不和。
又云∶两手向后拓腰，蹙膊极势，左右转身来去三七。去腹肚齐冷，两膊急，
胸掖不和。
又云∶互跪，两手向后，手掌合地，出气向下。始渐渐向下，觉腰脊大闷还上，来去二
七。身正，左右散气，转腰三七。去齐下冷闷、解溪内疼痛。
夫阳虚则外寒，阴虚则内热。阳盛则外热，阴盛则内寒。阳者受气于上焦，以温皮肤分
肉之间，今寒气在外，则上焦不通，不通则寒独留于外，故寒栗也。阴虚内生热者，有所劳
倦，形气衰少，谷气不盛，上焦不行，下脘不通，胃气热，熏胸中，故内热也。阳盛而外热
者，上焦不通利，皮肤致密，腠理闭塞不通，卫气不得泄越，故外热也。阴盛而内寒者，厥
气上逆，寒气积于胸中而不泻，不泻则温气去，寒独留，则血凝泣，血凝泣则脉不通，其脉
不通，脉则盛大以涩，故中寒。阴阳之要，阴密阳固，若两者不和，若春无秋，若冬无夏，
因而和之，是谓圣度。故阳强不能密阴气乃绝。
因于露风，乃生寒热。凡小骨弱肉者，善病寒热。
骨寒热，病无所安，汗注不休。齿本槁，取其少阴于阴股之络；齿爪槁，死不治。诊其
脉，沉细数散也。
客热，是由于人体脏腑功能失调，产生虚热。若邪热客居上焦，则胸膈部位生痰实，口苦舌干；若客居中焦，则心烦胸闷胀满，不能进食；若客居下焦，则大便困难，小便赤涩不利。
虚邪侵入体内，与卫气相互搏结，阴气偏胜则表现为寒证。真气耗散，真气去则正气虚弱，正气虚弱则体内内生寒邪。观察五官面色，面色发白是有寒的表现。诊察脉象，脉迟为寒；脉紧为寒；脉涩且迟为寒；脉微细为寒；脉迟而缓为寒；脉微细且紧为寒；寸口脉虚弱为寒。关于汤药外熨、针刺砭石等治疗，另有专门的方剂，补养和导引疗法，现附在后面。
《养生方·导引法》说：一只脚向下踏地，另一只脚向前伸直，尽力伸展，手掌向四方取势，左右交替变换四七（二十八）次。可去除肠中寒冷、腰脊拘急闷痛、骨节疼痛，使气血上下布散滋润。
又说：两足相合，两手向上抓住双脚，用力向上牵引，头向后仰，尽力伸展，做三七（二十一）次。想要用力绷直脚趾，双手向两侧舒展，身体手足尽力伸展，做二七（十四）次。可去除前阴窍道中的各种疾病、下部虚冷。
又说：叉步跪坐，两手反向撑在席子上，渐渐向后倾斜，努气使腹部向前散气，等到非常紧急时再放松，来回做二七（十四）次。可去除脐下寒冷、脚疼、五脏六腑不和。
又说：两手向后撑腰，耸肩尽力伸展，左右转身来回做三七（二十一）次。可去除腹肚脐下寒冷，两胁拘急，胸胁不和。
又说：互跪（一膝在前一膝在后），两手向后，手掌贴地，呼气向下。开始渐渐向下俯身，觉得腰脊非常闷痛时就起身，来回做二七（十四）次。身体端正，左右散气，转腰三七（二十一）次。可去除脐下冷闷、解溪穴内部疼痛。
阳气虚弱则体表发寒，阴液不足则体内发热。阳气亢盛则体表发热，阴气亢盛则体内发寒。阳气从上焦受气，以温煦皮肤和分肉之间，现在寒气在外，导致上焦不通畅，不通畅则寒气独自留滞于体表，所以出现寒战。阴液不足而生内热，是因为过度劳累，形体和气衰少，水谷之气不充足，上焦不能宣通，下脘不能通畅，胃气郁热，熏蒸胸中，所以产生内热。阳气亢盛而体表发热，是因为上焦不通利，皮肤致密，腠理闭塞不通，卫气不能宣泄越出，所以体表发热。阴气亢盛而体内发寒，是因为厥逆之气上逆，寒气积聚在胸中而不能泻出，不能泻出则温煦之气离去，寒气独自留滞，则血液凝滞不畅，血液凝滞则脉道不通，脉道不通，脉象盛大而涩，所以发生中寒。阴阳的关键，在于阴气秘固、阳气稳固，如果两者不协调，就像春天没有秋天、冬天没有夏天一样，因此要调和它们，这称为圣人的法度。所以阳气过强而不能固密，阴气就会枯竭。
因受风寒侵袭，便产生寒热病。凡是骨骼细小、肌肉薄弱的人，容易患寒热病。
骨寒热病，患者身体无处安适，汗出不止。牙齿根部枯萎，应取足少阴肾经在大腿内侧的络穴；如果牙齿和爪甲都枯萎，是死症，无法治愈。诊察其脉象，呈现沉细数散的特征。
Guest-heat arises from the disharmony of the internal organs, generating deficiency-heat. If guest-heat lodges in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), phlegm and excess accumulate in the chest and diaphragm, accompanied by a bitter taste in the mouth and dry tongue; if it lodges in the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), there is vexation, mental distress, and fullness, with an inability to eat; if it lodges in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner), there is difficulty in defecation and dark, scanty urination.
When deficiency pathogens reside internally and contend with Wei Qi (Defensive Qi), Yin excess manifests as cold. When Zhen Qi (True Qi) departs, deficiency ensues, leading to the generation of internal cold. Observing the five orifices, a pale complexion indicates cold. Palpating the pulse, a slow pulse indicates cold; a tight pulse indicates cold; a choppy and slow pulse indicates cold; a faint pulse indicates cold; a slow and moderate pulse indicates cold; a faint and tight pulse indicates cold; a deficient pulse at the Cun Kou (Radial Artery) indicates cold. Regarding treatments such as herbal decoctions, hot compresses, acupuncture, and stone therapy, there are specific formulas; nourishing and Daoyin (guiding and pulling) exercises are attached below.
The *Yangsheng Fang* (Prescriptions for Nourishing Life) · *Daoyin Fa* (Guiding and Pulling Methods) states: Step one foot firmly on the ground, extend the other foot forward fully, stretch to the utmost limit, position the palms towards the four directions, and alternate left and right twenty-eight times. This removes cold in the intestines, stiffness and distress in the waist and spine, and bone pain, allowing Qi and Blood to circulate and moisten throughout the body.
It also states: Join both feet together, grasp both feet with hands palm-up, pull upward vigorously, tilt the head backward, and stretch to the utmost limit, repeating twenty-one times. To exert force by straightening the toes, extend hands and feet outward, stretching the body and limbs to the utmost limit, repeating fourteen times. This removes various diseases in the orifices and deficiency-cold in the lower part of the body.
It also states: Assume a kneeling posture with legs spread, place hands backward supporting on the mat, lean back gradually, direct Qi forward from the abdomen until urgency peaks, then release, repeating fourteen times round trips. This removes cold below the navel, foot pain, and disharmony of the Zang and Fu organs.
It also states: Place hands backward supporting the waist, shrug shoulders and stretch to the utmost limit, turning the torso left and right, repeating twenty-one times round trips. This removes cold below the navel and abdomen, stiffness in both flanks, and disharmony in the chest and hypochondrium.
It also states: Assume a kneeling posture with one knee forward and one back, place hands backward with palms flat on the ground, exhale downward. Begin leaning down gradually, rise when severe distress in the waist and spine is felt, repeating fourteen times round trips. Keep the body upright, disperse Qi left and right, rotate the waist twenty-one times. This removes cold and distress below the navel, and pain within the Jiexi acupoint.
Yang deficiency leads to external cold, while Yin deficiency leads to internal heat. Yang excess leads to external heat, while Yin excess leads to internal cold. Yang receives Qi from the Upper Jiao to warm the skin and intermuscular spaces. Now, if cold pathogen remains outside, the Upper Jiao becomes obstructed; obstruction causes cold to remain exclusively externally, resulting in shivering. Internal heat generated by Yin deficiency occurs due to overwork, where form and Qi decline, Grain Qi is insufficient, the Upper Jiao fails to circulate, and the Lower Wan (Stomach outlet) is blocked. Stomach Qi becomes hot, steaming the chest, thus generating internal heat. External heat due to Yang excess arises because the Upper Jiao is not smooth, the skin is dense, and Cou Li (interstices) are closed, preventing Wei Qi from venting, thus causing external heat. Internal cold due to Yin excess occurs when Jue Qi (Rebellious Qi) moves upward, accumulating cold in the chest without discharge. Without discharge, warming Qi departs, leaving cold alone; blood coagulates and stagnates, blocking the vessels. Blocked vessels present as large and choppy pulses, resulting in internal cold. The essence of Yin and Yang lies in Yin being secure and Yang being firm. If they are not in harmony, it is like spring without autumn or winter without summer; therefore, harmonizing them is the sage's standard. Thus, if Yang is excessive and cannot secure Yin, Yin Qi will be exhausted.
Exposure to wind generates cold-heat disorders. Those with small bones and weak flesh are prone to cold-heat diseases.
Bone cold-heat disease involves restlessness and continuous sweating. Withering of the tooth roots requires treating the Luo-connecting vessels of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian on the inner thigh; if teeth and nails wither, it is incurable death. Palpating the pulse reveals a deep, fine, rapid, and scattered quality.