必欲治病,莫如用针,巧运神机之妙,工开圣理之深。外取砭针,能蠲邪而扶正;中含
,善回阳而倒阴。原夫络别支殊,经交错综,或沟池溪谷以歧异,或山海丘陵而隙共。斯流派
以难揆,在条纲而有统。理繁而昧,纵补泻以何功;法捷而明,日迎随而得用。且如行步难
移,太冲最奇。人中除脊膂之强痛,神门去心性之呆痴。风伤项急,始求于风府;头晕目眩
,要觅于风池。耳闭须听会而治也,眼痛则合谷以推之。胸结身黄,取涌泉而即可;脑昏目
赤,泻攒竹以偏宜。但见苦两肘之拘挛,仗曲池而平扫;四肢之懈惰,凭照海以消除。牙齿
痛吕细堪治,头项强承浆可保。太白宣导于气冲,阴陵开通于水道。腹痛而胀,夺内庭以休
迟;筋转而疼,泻承山而在早。大抵脚腕痛,昆仑解愈;股膝疼,阴市能医。痫发颠狂兮,
凭后溪而疗理;疟生寒热兮,仗间使以扶持。期间罢胸满血膨而可已,劳宫退胃翻心痛以何
疑。稽夫大敦去七疝之偏坠,王公谓此;三里却五劳之羸瘦,华佗言斯。固知腕骨祛黄,然骨
泻肾。行间治膝肿目疾,尺泽去肘疼筋紧。目昏不见,二间宜取;鼻窒无闻,迎香可引。肩
井除两臂难任,丝竹疗头疼不忍。咳嗽寒痰,列缺堪治;眵 冷泪,临泣尤准。髋骨将腿痛
以祛残,肾俞把腰疼而泻尽。
越人治尸厥于维会,随手而苏;文伯泻死胎于阴交,应针而殒。圣人于是察麻与痛,分实与
虚,实则自外而入也,虚则自内而出欤。以故济母而裨其不足,夺子而平其有余。观二十七
经络,一一明辨;据四百四之疾证,件件皆除。故得夭枉都无,跻斯民于寿域;几微已判,
彰往古之玄书。抑又闻心胸病,求掌后之大陵;肩背患,责肘前之三里。冷痹肾收,取足阳
明之土;连脐腹痛,泻足少阴之水。脊间心后者,针中渚而立痊;胁下肋边者,刺阳陵而即
止。头项痛,拟后溪以安然;腰脚疼,在委中而已矣。夫用针之士,于此理苟能明焉,收祛
邪之功而在乎捻指。
想要治疗疾病,没有比使用针灸更好的方法了。巧妙地运用神机之妙,深入探究圣人的医理。在体外取用砭石和针具,能够祛除邪气并扶助正气;在体内蕴含(注:原文此处有缺字,结合语境及后文“回阳倒阴”,通常指针刺或特定手法/药物,但根据《针经指南》上下文及针灸属性,此处多指针刺之效或隐含的补泻手法,鉴于原文缺失,翻译时依文意处理为“通过针刺”或保留空缺含义,此处译为“通过针刺”以通顺语意,若严格对应原文缺字则需标注),善于挽回阳气并逆转阴寒。
追溯经络的分支与殊异,经脉交错综合,有的像沟渠、池沼、溪流、山谷那样分歧变异,有的像山岳、海洋、丘陵那样间隙相通。这些流派虽然难以揣测,但在条纲上却有统绪。如果道理繁杂而昏昧,即使采用补法或泻法又有什么功效呢?如果法则快捷而明了,每日遵循迎随补泻的原则就能得到应用。
就像行走困难难以移动,太冲穴最为神奇。人中穴能解除脊背的强直疼痛,神门穴能去除心性的呆滞痴愚。风邪伤及颈部导致拘急,开始应求治于风府穴;头晕眼花,要寻找风池穴。耳闭听不见,须用听会穴来治疗;眼睛疼痛,则用合谷穴来推按疏导。胸中郁结身体发黄,取涌泉穴即可治愈;头脑昏沉眼睛发红,泻攒竹穴更为适宜。只要见到两肘关节苦于拘挛,依靠曲池穴就能平复扫除;四肢懈怠懒惰,凭借照海穴就能消除。牙齿疼痛,吕细(太溪)穴可以治疗;头项强痛,承浆穴可以保全。太白穴宣导气冲穴的气机,阴陵泉开通水道穴的水液。腹痛且胀满,夺取内庭穴之气可停止迟缓;筋脉转筋而疼痛,泻承山穴应当及早进行。
大体上脚腕疼痛,昆仑穴能解愈;大腿膝盖疼痛,阴市穴能医治。癫痫发作发狂,凭借后溪穴来疗治;疟疾产生寒热往来,仗赖间使穴来扶持。期门穴能罢除胸满血膨之症,劳宫穴退去胃翻心痛之患有何可疑?考察大敦穴能去除七疝引起的偏坠,王公对此有所论述;足三里穴能克服五劳导致的羸瘦,华佗曾这样说过。本来就知道腕骨穴能祛除湿黄,然骨穴能泻肾火。行间穴治疗膝肿目疾,尺泽穴去除肘疼筋紧。眼睛昏花看不见,二间穴适宜取用;鼻塞不通闻不到气味,迎香穴可以引导。肩井穴能解除双臂难以胜任的病痛,丝竹空穴治疗头疼令人不忍卒痛。咳嗽伴有寒痰,列缺穴可以治疗;眼屎冷泪,临泣穴尤为准确。髋骨部位将腿痛的残疾祛除,肾俞穴把腰疼泻尽。
越人(扁鹊)在维会穴治疗尸厥证,随手就能苏醒;文伯在阴交穴泻死胎,应针而下。圣人于是观察麻木与疼痛,区分实证与虚证,实证是自外而入的,虚证是自内而出的吗?因此资助母脏以弥补其不足,剥夺子脏以平衡其有余。观察二十七条经络,一一明辨清楚;依据四百四种的疾病症状,件件都能除去。所以得以免于夭折枉死,使百姓达到长寿的境界;细微之处已经判别,彰显了古代玄奥的医书。
我又听说心胸部的疾病,求治于手掌后方的大陵穴;肩背部的病患,责成于肘前的三里穴(注:此处原文作三里,结合解剖位置及前文“肘前”,可能指手三里或泛指肘部穴位,亦可能是传抄之误,通常肩背痛取委中或肩井等,但此处依原文翻译)。冷痹肾收(肾气收敛寒冷痹阻),取足阳明经的土性穴位;连脐腹痛,泻足少阴经的水性穴位。脊间心后部位的疼痛,针刺中渚穴立刻痊愈;胁下肋边部位的疼痛,刺阳陵泉即刻停止。头项疼痛,拟用后溪穴使其安然无恙;腰脚疼痛,在委中穴而已。那些使用针灸的人,对于这个道理如果能够明白,收取祛除邪气的功效就在于捻转手指之间。
To treat diseases, there is no method superior to acupuncture. Skillfully manipulating the subtle mechanisms of the spirit (Shen), one delves deeply into the profound principles of the sages. Externally utilizing bian stones and needles can eliminate pathogenic factors and support healthy qi; internally [text missing], it is good at restoring yang qi and reversing yin cold.
Tracing the branches and distinctions of collaterals, meridians interlace and intertwine. Some diverge like ditches, pools, streams, and valleys, while others have gaps akin to mountains, seas, and hills. Although these flowing sources are difficult to fathom, they have a unified system within their guidelines. If the principles are complex and obscure, what use is tonification or sedation? But if the methods are swift and clear, daily application of following and opposing (Ying-Sui) techniques will be effective.
For instance, for difficulty in walking and moving, Taichong (LR3) is most miraculous. Renzhong (GV26) relieves stiffness and pain in the spine and back; Shenmen (HT7) removes mental dullness and stupidity. When wind damages the neck causing stiffness, seek treatment at Fengfu (GV16); for dizziness and blurred vision, look for Fengchi (GB20). For ear blockage and deafness, treat with Tinghui (GB2); for eye pain, push and guide using Hegu (LI4). For chest congestion and yellowing of the body, taking Yongquan (KI1) can cure it immediately; for dizziness and red eyes, draining Zanzhu (BL2) is more appropriate. If suffering from spasms in both elbows, rely on Quchi (LI11) to smooth them out; for flaccidity and weakness in the four limbs, depend on Zhaohai (KI6) to eliminate them. For toothache, Lüxi (Taixi, KI3) is suitable for treatment; for stiffness in the head and neck, Chengjiang (CV24) can ensure relief. Tàibái (SP3) guides Qi Chong (ST30), and Yinlingquan (SP9) opens Shuidao (ST28). For abdominal pain and distension, depriving Neiting (ST44) stops the delay; for muscle cramps and pain, draining Chengshan (BL57) should be done early.
Generally speaking, ankle pain is resolved by Kunlun (BL60); thigh and knee pain is treated by Yinshi (ST32). For epilepsy and mania, rely on Houxi (SI3) for therapy; for malaria with alternating chills and fever, depend on Jianshi (PC5) for support. Qimen (LR14) can resolve chest fullness and blood distension; Laogong (PC8) retreats stomach reversal and heart pain without doubt. Examining Dadun (LR1), it removes hernias and unilateral testicular swelling, as stated by Wang Gong; Zusanli (ST36) overcomes emaciation from five types of exhaustion, as spoken by Hua Tuo. It is known that Wan Gu (SI4) dispels jaundice, and Ran Gu (KI7) drains kidney fire. Xingjian (LR2) treats knee swelling and eye diseases; Chi Ze (LU5) removes elbow pain and tight tendons. For dim vision, Er Jian (LI2) is suitable; for nasal obstruction and loss of smell, Ying Xiang (LI20) can guide. Jian Jing (GB21) removes the burden of the arms; Sizhukong (SJ23) treats unbearable headaches. For cough with cold phlegm, Lie Que (LU7) is suitable; for eye discharge and cold tears, Lin Qi (GB15) is particularly accurate. The hip bone removes residual leg pain; Shenshu (BL23) drains away lower back pain.
Yuèrén (Bian Que) treated corpse-jue (syncope) at Weihui (GV16), reviving instantly upon needling; Wenbo drained a dead fetus at Yinjiao (CV7), expelling it upon needle insertion. The sages thus observed numbness and pain, distinguishing excess from deficiency. Excess comes from outside, while deficiency arises from inside. Therefore, nourishing the mother organ supplements insufficiency, while reducing the child organ balances excess. Observing the twenty-seven meridians, distinguish each clearly; addressing the four hundred and forty diseases, remove each case. Thus, avoiding premature death, elevating the people to an age of longevity; discerning the subtle details, revealing the profound ancient texts.
Furthermore, it is heard that for heart and chest diseases, seek Da Ling (PC7) behind the palm; for shoulder and back ailments, assign responsibility to San Li (likely referring to Shang Sanli LI10 or general elbow area) in front of the elbow. For cold bi syndrome with kidney contraction, take the earth element points of the Foot Yangming Meridian; for periumbilical abdominal pain, drain the water element points of the Foot Shaoyin Meridian. For pain between the spine and behind the heart, needle Zhong Zhu (TE3) for immediate recovery; for pain under the ribs and along the sides, puncture Yang Ling Quan (GB34) for immediate cessation. For headache and neck pain, propose Houxi (SI3) for peace; for lower back and foot pain, it lies in Wei Zhong (BL40). Those who practice acupuncture, if they can understand these principles, can achieve the merit of eliminating pathogens merely by twisting their fingers.