平按∶此篇自形气相得者生以上残缺，袁刻据《素问·三部九候论》自黄帝问曰余闻九针于
夫子至胸中多气者死补入。检《素问》原文，自上部天至下部人足太阴也一段，详本书篇末，乃
宋臣林亿等所移，玩《素问》新校正自明。此篇若据《素问》篇首补入，则上部天至下部人足太
阴也一段，未免重复。兹据《素问》及《甲乙经》“帝曰决死生奈何”以下补入，证以新校正云
全元起本名此篇为决死生，于义亦合。自形义相得以下，见《素问》卷六第二十《三部九候论》，
又见《甲乙经》卷四第三《三部九候》篇。
帝曰∶决死生奈何？岐伯曰∶形盛脉细，少气不足以息者危；形瘦脉大，胸中多气者死；（以
上从《素问·三部九候论》及《甲乙经·三部九候》篇补入。）形气相得者生；（形盛气盛、形
瘦气细者得生，三也。）参伍不调者病；（谓其人形气，有时相得，有时不相得，参类品伍不得
调者，其人有病，四也。）以三部九候皆相失者死；（三部九候不得齐一，各各不同，相失故死，
五也。平按∶《素问》、《甲乙》无以字。）上下左右之脉相应参舂者病甚；（三部九候之脉，
动若引绳□□前后也。今三部在头为上，三部在足为下，左手三部为左，右手三部为右，脉之相应
参动，上下左右，更起更息，气有来去，如碓舂不得齐一（又舂，其脉上下参动，东恭反）所以
病甚，六也。平按∶《素问》、《甲乙》参上有如字。）上下左右相失不可数者死；（上下左右
脉动各无
次第，数动脉不可得者，脉乱故死，七也。）中部之候虽独调，与众藏相失者死；（肺心胸中以
为中部，诊手太阴、手阳明、手少阴，呼吸三脉调和，与上下部诸脏之脉不相得者为死，八也。
平按∶众袁刻作诸。）中部之候相减者死；（中部手太阴、手阳明、手少阴三脉动数，一多一少，
不相同者为死，九也。）目内陷者死。（五脏之精皆在于目，故五脏败者为目先陷，为死也。以上
十候，决死生也。）黄帝曰∶何以知病之所在？（病之所在，在于死生，与决死生，亦不易也，
但决有多端，故复问也。）岐伯对曰∶察其九候，独小者病；独大者病；独疾者病；独迟者病；独
热者病；独寒者病；脉独陷者病；（以次复有一十八候，独小大等即为七也。九候之脉，上下左
右，均调若一，故偏独者为病也。平按∶察下《素问》、《甲乙》无其字。）以左手上去踝五寸而
按之，右手当踝而弹之，其应过五寸以上HT 然者不病；（脉和调也。人当内踝之上，足太阴脉见，
上行至内踝上八寸，交出厥阴之后，其脉行胃气于五脏，故于踝上五寸，以左手按之，右手当踝
弹之，左手下HT 调动，其人不病，为候八也。HT HT ，动不盛也。HT ，而勉反。平按∶《素问》左手
下有足字，《甲乙》有于左足三字。按之上《素问》无而字，下有庶字，右手下有足字。HT 《素问》、
《甲乙》作蠕蠕。又检《素问》宋臣林亿等引全元起注云∶“内踝之上，阴交之出，通于膀胱，
系于肾，肾为命门，是以取之，以明吉凶。今文少一而字，多一庶字及足字。王注以手足皆取为
解，殊为穿凿。当从全元起注旧本及《甲乙经》为正。”）其应疾中手浑浑然者病；（弹之，左
手之下浑浑动而不调者病，其候九也。）中手徐徐者病，其应上不能至五寸者，弹之不应者死；
（足太阴血气
微弱，弹之徐徐者有病；不至五寸，不应其手者为死，十也。平按∶徐徐下《素问》、《甲乙》
有然字。）脱肉身不去者死；（去者，行也。脱肉羸瘦，身弱不能行者为死，十一也。平按∶原抄
无不字，据本注应有《素问》、《甲乙》均作不去，谨补入。）中部乍疏乍数者死；（中部谓手
太阴、手阳明、手少阴，乍有疏数为死，十二也。）其脉代而勾者，病在络脉；（中部之脉，手太
阴，秋脉也；手少阴，夏脉也。秋脉王时，得于脾脉，土来乘金，名曰虚邪，故为病也。夏脉王时
得脾脉者，土来乘火，名曰实邪，故为病也。夏脉其病皆在络脉，可刺去血，为病十三也。平按∶
其脉代三字《甲乙》作代脉二字。）九候之相应也，上下若一，不得相失，一候后则病，二候后
则病甚，三候后则病危，所谓后者，应不俱也，察其病脏，以知死生之期；（九候上下动脉，相
应若一，不得相失，忽然八候相应俱动，一候在后，即有一失，故病。二候在后，不与七候俱动，
即为二失，故病甚也。三候在后，不与六候俱动，即为三失，故病危也。三候在后为病，宜各察之，
是何脏之候，候之即知所候之脏，病有间甚，死生之期。三候在后为病有三失，为十六也。平按∶
《素问》、《甲乙》病脏作腑脏。）必先知经脉，然后知病脉，真脏脉见胜者死；（欲根据九候察
病，定须先知十二经脉及诸络脉行所在，然后取于九候，候诸病脉，有真脏脉，无胃气之柔，独
胜必当有死，为十七也。平按∶胜者死《素问》作者胜死，《甲乙》作“者邪胜死也”五字。注无
胃气，无字袁刻误作见。）足太阳气绝者，其足不可屈伸，死必戴眼。（足太阳脉，从目络头至
足，故其脉绝，脚不屈伸，戴目而死，为十八也。）黄帝曰∶冬阴夏阳奈何？（九候之脉并沉细
绝微，为阴也，然极于冬分，故曰冬阴；九候之脉盛躁喘数，故为阳也，极于夏分，故曰夏阳。
请陈其理也。）岐伯对曰∶九候之脉，皆沉细悬绝者为阴，
主冬，故以夜半死；（深按得之，曰沉。动犹引线，曰细。来如断绳，故曰悬绝。九候之脉皆如
此者，阴气胜。阳气外绝，阴气独行，有里无表，死之于冬，阴极时也。夜半死者，阴极时也。此
一诊也。）盛躁而喘数者为阳，主夏，以日中死；（其气洪大，曰盛。去来动疾，曰躁。因喘数而
疾，故曰喘数。九候皆如此者，皆阳气胜。阴气内绝，阳气独行，有表无里，死之于夏，阳极时
也。日中死者，阳极时也。此为二诊。）是故寒热者，以平旦死；（脾病寒热，死于平旦，平旦木
也，木克于土，故脾病至平旦死，此为三诊也。平按∶“是故寒热者以平旦死”九字，原抄在注
二诊下，均作小字，混入注中，应据《素问》、《甲乙》作经，方与本注三诊之义合。袁刻于九字
中，根据《素问》、《甲乙》加一病字，作大字，移刻与上经文“以日中死”相连，复于二诊下，
仍存此九字于注中，既嫌重复，亦失真相。兹于注二诊下，将原抄小字，改书大字作经，庶上注二
诊、下注三诊眉目朗然。又寒热下《素问》、《甲乙》有病字。寒热上《甲乙》无是故二字。）
热中及热病，以日中死；（肺中热，伤寒热病，皆是阳病，故死于日中阳极时也，此为四诊也。平
按∶病下《素问》、《甲乙》有者字。注日中二字袁刻重，极下脱时字。）风病者，以日夕死；
（风为肝病，酉为金时，金克于木，故日夕死，此为五诊也。平按∶风病《素问》、《甲乙》作
病风。）病水者，以夜半死；（水病，阴病也。夜半子时，阴极死也。此为六诊。）其脉乍疏乍
数，乍迟乍疾，以日乘四季死，（脾者土也，王于四季，平和时，脉在中宫，静而不见，有病见
时，乍疏乍数，故以日乘四季时死也。平按；《素问》疾下有者字，无以字，《甲乙》有者字。）
形肉已脱，九候虽调犹死。（土为肉也，肉为身主，故脉虽调，肉脱故死，此为七诊也。平按∶
《甲乙》调下有者字。）七诊虽见，九候皆顺者不死。所言不死者，风气之病及经间之病，似
七诊之病而非也，故言不死。若有七诊之病，其脉候亦败者死矣，必发哕噫。（虽有七诊死征，
九候之脉顺四时者，谓之不死。言七诊见脉顺生者，谓风及气并经脉间有轻之病，见征似于七诊，
非真七诊，所以脉顺得生。若有七诊，其脉复败，不可得生。五脏先坏，其人必发哕而死也。平按∶
《素问》顺作从。经间《素问》、《甲乙》作经月。）必审问其故，所始、所病、与今之所方病，
（候病之要，凡有四种∶一者望色而知，谓之神也；二者听声而知，谓之明也；三者寻问而知，
谓之工也；四者切脉而知，谓之巧也。此问有三∶一问得病元始，谓问四时何时而得，饮食男女
因何病等；二问所病，谓问寒热痛热痛痒诸苦等；三问方病，谓问今时病将作种种异也。平按∶
"其故，所始、所病“《素问》、《甲乙》作其所始病。）而后切循其脉，（先问病之所由，然
后切循其脉，以取其审。切，谓切割，以手按脉，分割吉凶；循，谓以手切脉，以心循历脉动所
由，故曰切循其脉也。平按∶切上《素问》有各字。注分割袁刻作分别。）视其经络浮沉，（经，
谓十二经并八奇经。络，谓十五大络及诸孙络。切循之道，视其经脉浮沉，络脉浮沉，沉者为阴，
浮者为阳，以知病之寒温也。）以上下逆顺循之，其脉疾者不病，其脉迟者病，脉不往来者死，
皮肤着者死。（上，谓上部；下，谓下部。亦上，谓咽之左右；下，谓手之左右。寸口脉从脏起，
下向四肢者，名之为顺；脉从四肢，上向脏者，称之为逆。切循上下顺逆之脉，疾行应数，谓之不
病；上下有失，迟不应数，谓之病也。手之三阴为往，三阳为来，足之三阳为往，三阴为来，皆不
往来，谓之死也。人之气和，皮肉相离；绝劲强相着者，死也。平按∶顺《素问》、《甲乙》作从。
往下《甲乙》有不字。）黄帝曰∶其可治者奈何？（前帝所言，多有死候，故问有病可疗者，三也。）
岐伯对曰∶经病治其经，孙络病者治其孙络，（以下言
有可疗病也。邪在经者取其经，邪在孙络取孙络也。平按∶《素问》治其孙络作治其孙络血。《甲
乙》无二孙字。）血病身有痛者而治其经络。（大经大络共为血病，身体痛者，经与大络皆治之
也。平按∶《甲乙》无血病二字。袁刻病误作痛。）真病者在奇邪，奇邪之脉则缪刺之。（真，
正也。当脏自受邪，病不从传来，故曰正病。奇邪，谓是大经之上奇大络也。宜行缪刺，左右平
取也。平按∶真病《素问》、《甲乙》作其病。）留瘦不移，节而刺。（留，久也。久瘦有病之人，
不可顿刺，可节量刺之。平按∶刺下《素问》、《甲乙》有之字。）上实下虚者，切顺之，索其
经络脉，刺出其血以通之。（上实下虚，可循其经络之脉，血之盛者，皆刺去其血，通而平之。平
按∶切上《素问》、《甲乙》无者字，切下有而字。顺《素问》作从。以通之《素问》作以见通之，
《甲乙》作以通其气。）瞳子高者太阳不足，戴眼者太阳绝，此决死生之要，不可不察也。（太
阳之脉为目上纲，故太阳脉足，则目本视也；其气不足，急引其精，故瞳子高也；其脉若绝，睑
精痿下，故戴目也。此等皆是决生死之大要，不可不察也。）手指及手外踝上五寸指间留针。（前
太阳不足及足太阳绝者，足太阳脉也；此疗乃是手太阳脉者，以手之太阳，上下接于目之内 ，
故取手之太阳疗目高、戴也，取手小指端及手外踝上五寸小指之间也。平按∶留上《素问》无间
字。此节《素问》注谓错简文。）上部天，两额之动脉也；上部地，两颊之动脉也；上部人，耳
前之动脉也。（上部之天，两额足少阳、阳明二脉之动，候头角气。上部之地，两颊足阳明在大
迎中动，候口齿气。上部之人，目后耳前，手太阳、手少阳、足少阳三脉在和 中动，候耳目之
气也。）中部天，手太阴也；中部地，手阳明也；中部人，手少阴也。（中部之天，手太阴脉动，
在中府、天府、侠白、尺泽四处，以
候肺气。中部之地，手阳明脉，检经无动处，吕广注《八十一难》云动在口边，以为候者候大肠
气。中部之人，手少阴动，在极泉、少海二处，以候心气也。）下部天，足厥阴也；下部地，足少
阴也；下部人，足太阴也。（下部之天，足厥阴脉动，在曲骨、行间、冲门三处，以候肝气。下
部之地，足少阴脉动，在大溪一处，以候肾气。下部之人，足太阴脉动，在中府、箕门、五里、阴
广、冲门、云门六处，以候脾气。十二经脉，手心主无别心藏，不入九候。手太阳、手少阳、足太
阳、足少阳、足阳明，此五皆是五脏表经，候脏知表，故不入越于九候也。平按∶自上部天至下部
人足太阴也，《素问》新校正根据《甲乙经》编次移前。）
【平按】：本篇从“形气相得者生”以上部分残缺，袁刻本根据《素问·三部九候论》中从黄帝问曰“余闻九针于夫子”到“胸中多气者死”的内容补入。检查《素问》原文，从“上部天”到“下部人足太阴也”这一段，详细见本书篇末，这是宋代臣子林亿等人所移入的，玩味《素问》新校正可知其原委。如果本篇依据《素问》篇首补入，那么从“上部天”到“下部人足太阴也”这一段就会重复。现在依据《素问》及《甲乙经》中“帝曰决死生奈何”以下的内容补入，并参考新校正说全元起本将此篇命名为《决死生》，在义理上也吻合。从“自形义相得以下”，见于《素问》卷六第二十《三部九候论》，又见于《甲乙经》卷四第三《三部九候》篇。
黄帝说：如何判断死生呢？岐伯回答说：形体壮盛而脉象细弱，气息短少不足以呼吸的，危险；形体消瘦而脉象洪大，胸中气多的，死亡；（以上两条是从《素问·三部九候论》及《甲乙经·三部九候》篇补入的。）形体与正气相协调的，生存；（形体壮盛则气盛，形体消瘦则气细，这样能生存的，是第三种情况。）参伍不调的，有病；（说的是人的形体与气，有时协调，有时不协调，参差错乱不得调和的，这人就有病，是第四种情况。）如果三部九候的脉象都失序的，死亡；（三部九候不能整齐一致，各自不同，因失序故死亡，是第五种情况。平按：《素问》、《甲乙》没有“以”字。）上下左右之脉相应如参舂般的，病重；（三部九候的脉动，像引绳一样前后相应。现在三部在头为上部，三部在足为下部，左手三部为左部，右手三部为右部，脉的相应如参舂般跳动，上下左右，更起更息，气有来去，如捣米般不得齐一（又舂，其脉上下参动，东恭反），所以病重，是第六种情况。平按：《素问》、《甲乙》“参”上有“如”字。）上下左右脉动失序且无法计数的，死亡；（上下左右脉动各无次第，数动脉不可得的，脉乱故死亡，是第七种情况。）中部之候虽然单独调和，但与其余脏腑脉象失序的，死亡；（肺、心、胸中作为中部，诊察手太阴、手阳明、手少阴三脉，呼吸间三脉调和，但与上下部诸脏之脉不相得的，为死亡，是第八种情况。平按：众，袁刻本作“诸”。）中部之候相减的，死亡；（中部手太阴、手阳明、手少阴三脉动数，一多一少，不相同的为死亡，是第九种情况。）眼睛内陷的，死亡。（五脏的精气都汇聚于目，所以五脏败坏时眼睛先陷，为死亡。以上十种征候，用于决断死生。）
黄帝说：如何知道病在哪里？（病的位置，在于死生，与决断死生，也不容易啊，只是决断有多种端绪，所以再问。）岐伯回答说：诊察九候，独小的有病；独大的有病；独快的有病；独慢的有病；独热的有病；独寒的有病；脉独陷下的有病；（依次再有一十八种征候，独小、独大等即为七种。九候之脉，上下左右，均调如一，所以偏独者为病。平按：察下《素问》、《甲乙》无“其”字。）用左手在踝上五寸处按住，右手在踝处弹击，其反应超过五寸以上蠕蠕然跳动的，无病；（脉和调。人在内踝之上，足太阴脉显现，上行至内踝上八寸，交出厥阴之后，其脉行胃气于五脏，所以在踝上五寸，用左手按住，右手在踝处弹击，左手下蠕蠕调动，这人不病，为候第八种。HT HT，动不盛也。HT，而勉反。平按：《素问》左手下有“足”字，《甲乙》有“于左足”三字。按之上《素问》无“而”字，下有“庶”字，右手下有“足”字。HT 《素问》、《甲乙》作“蠕蠕”。又检《素问》宋臣林亿等引全元起注云：“内踝之上，阴交之出，通于膀胱，系于肾，肾为命门，是以取之，以明吉凶。今文少一‘而’字，多一‘庶’字及‘足’字。王注以手足皆取为解，殊为穿凿。当从全元起注旧本及《甲乙经》为正。”）其反应疾速，手中感觉浑浑然的，有病；（弹击时，左手之下浑浑动而不调的有病，其候第九种。）手中感觉徐徐的有病，其反应向上不能至五寸的，弹击不应答的死亡；（足太阴血气微弱，弹之徐徐的有病；不至五寸，不应其手的为死亡，第十种。平按：徐徐下《素问》、《甲乙》有“然”字。）肌肉脱失身体不能转侧移动的死亡；（去者，行也。肌肉脱失羸瘦，身弱不能行走的为死亡，第十一种。平按：原抄无不字，据本注应有《素问》、《甲乙》均作“不去”，谨补入。）中部脉象忽疏忽数的死亡；（中部谓手太阴、手阳明、手少阴，忽有疏数为死亡，第十二种。）脉象代而勾曲的，病在络脉；（中部之脉，手太阴，秋脉也；手少阴，夏脉也。秋脉旺时，得脾脉，土来乘金，名叫虚邪，所以为病。夏脉旺时得脾脉的，土来乘火，名叫实邪，所以为病。夏脉的病都在络脉，可刺去血，为病第十三种。平按：其脉代三字《甲乙》作“代脉”二字。）九候的相应，上下若一，不得相失，一候落后则病，二候落后则病重，三候落后则病危，所谓后者，是应俱动而不俱动，诊察病脏，以知死生的期限；（九候上下动脉，相应若一，不得相失，忽然八候相应俱动，一候在后，即有一失，故病。二候在后，不与七候俱动，即为二失，故病甚。三候在后，不与六候俱动，即为三失，故病危。三候在后为病，宜各察之，是何脏之候，候之即知所候之脏，病有轻重，死生之期。三候在后为病有三失，为第十六种。平按：《素问》、《甲乙》病脏作“腑脏”。）必须先知经脉，然后知病脉，真脏脉出现且胜者死亡；（欲根据九候察病，定须先知十二经脉及诸络脉行所在，然后取于九候，候诸病脉，有真脏脉，无胃气之柔，独胜必当有死，为第十七种。平按：胜者死《素问》作者胜死，《甲乙》作“者邪胜死也”五字。注无胃气，无字袁刻误作见。）足太阳经气绝的，其足不可屈伸，死必戴眼。（足太阳脉，从目络头至足，故其脉绝，脚不屈伸，戴目而死，为第十八种。）
黄帝说：冬阴夏阳是怎么回事？（九候之脉并沉细绝微，为阴也，然极于冬分，故曰冬阴；九候之脉盛躁喘数，故为阳也，极于夏分，故曰夏阳。请陈其理也。）岐伯回答说：九候之脉，皆沉细悬绝的为阴，主冬，所以在夜半死亡；（深按得之，曰沉。动犹引线，曰细。来如断绳，故曰悬绝。九候之脉皆如此者，阴气胜。阳气外绝，阴气独行，有里无表，死于冬，阴极时也。夜半死者，阴极时也。此为一诊。）盛躁而喘数的为阳，主夏，所以在日中死亡；（其气洪大，曰盛。去来动疾，曰躁。因喘数而疾，故曰喘数。九候皆如此者，皆阳气胜。阴气内绝，阳气独行，有表无里，死于夏，阳极时也。日中死者，阳极时也。此为二诊。）所以寒热病的，在平旦死亡；（脾病寒热，死于平旦，平旦木也，木克于土，故脾病至平旦死，此为三诊。平按：“是故寒热者以平旦死”九字，原抄在注二诊下，均作小字，混入注中，应据《素问》、《甲乙》作经，方与本注三诊之义合。袁刻于九字中，根据《素问》、《甲乙》加一“病”字，作大字，移刻与上经文“以日中死”相连，复于二诊下，仍存此九字于注中，既嫌重复，亦失真相。兹于注二诊下，将原抄小字，改书大字作经，庶上注二诊、下注三诊眉目朗然。又寒热下《素问》、《甲乙》有“病”字。寒热上《甲乙》无“是故”二字。）热中及热病的，在日中死亡；（肺中热，伤寒热病，皆是阳病，故死于日中阳极时也，此为四诊。平按：病下《素问》、《甲乙》有“者”字。注日中二字袁刻重，极下脱“时”字。）风病的，在日夕死亡；（风为肝病，酉为金时，金克于木，故日夕死，此为五诊。平按：风病《素问》、《甲乙》作“病风”。）患水病的，在夜半死亡；（水病，阴病也。夜半子时，阴极死也。此为六诊。）其脉忽疏忽数，忽迟忽疾的，在日乘四季时死亡，（脾者土也，王于四季，平和时，脉在中宫，静而不见，有病见时，乍疏乍数，故以日乘四季时死也。平按；《素问》疾下有“者”字，无“以”字，《甲乙》有“者”字。）形体肌肉已脱失，九候虽调和也死亡。（土为肉也，肉为身主，故脉虽调，肉脱故死，此为七诊。平按：《甲乙》调下有“者”字。）七诊虽出现，九候皆顺的不会死亡。所说的不死，是指风气之病及经间之病，似七诊之病而非真七诊，所以说不会死亡。如果有七诊的病，其脉候也败坏的就会死亡，必定发哕噫。（虽有七诊死征，九候之脉顺四时的，谓之不死。言七诊见脉顺生者，谓风及气并经脉间有轻之病，见征似于七诊，非真七诊，所以脉顺得生。若有七诊，其脉复败，不可得生。五脏先坏，其人必发哕而死也。平按：《素问》顺作“从”。经间《素问》、《甲乙》作“经月”。）必须审问其原因，开始发病的时间、所患的疾病、以及现在将要发生的病症，（候病之要，凡有四种：一者望色而知，谓之“神”也；二者听声而知，谓之“明”也；三者寻问而知，谓之“工”也；四者切脉而知，谓之“巧”也。此问有三：一问得病元始，谓问四时何时而得，饮食男女因何病等；二问所病，谓问寒热痛热痛痒诸苦等；三问方病，谓问今时病将作种种异也。平按："其故，所始、所病"《素问》、《甲乙》作“其所始病”。）而后切循其脉，（先问病之所由，然后切循其脉，以取其审。切，谓切割，以手按脉，分割吉凶；循，谓以手切脉，以心循历脉动所由，故曰切循其脉也。平按：切上《素问》有“各”字。注分割袁刻作“分别”。）视其经络浮沉，（经，谓十二经并八奇经。络，谓十五大络及诸孙络。切循之道，视其经脉浮沉，络脉浮沉，沉者为阴，浮者为阳，以知病之寒温也。）以上下逆顺循之，其脉疾的无病，其脉迟的有病，脉不往来的死亡，皮肤着肉的死亡。（上，谓上部；下，谓下部。亦上，谓咽之左右；下，谓手之左右。寸口脉从脏起，下向四肢者，名之为顺；脉从四肢，上向脏者，称之为逆。切循上下顺逆之脉，疾行应数，谓之不病；上下有失，迟不应数，谓之病也。手之三阴为往，三阳为来，足之三阳为往，三阴为来，皆不往来，谓之死也。人之气和，皮肉相离；绝劲强相着的，死也。平按：顺《素问》、《甲乙》作“从”。往下《甲乙》有“不”字。）
黄帝说：可以治疗的怎么办呢？（前帝所言，多有死候，故问有病可疗者，第三问。）岐伯回答说：经病治其经，孙络病者治其孙络，（以下言有可疗病也。邪在经者取其经，邪在孙络取孙络也。平按：《素问》治其孙络作“治其孙络血”。《甲乙》无二“孙”字。）血病身有痛的治其经络。（大经大络共为血病，身体痛者，经与大络皆治之也。平按：《甲乙》无“血病”二字。袁刻“病”误作“痛”。）真正的病在奇邪，奇邪之脉则缪刺之。（真，正也。当脏自受邪，病不从传来，故曰正病。奇邪，谓是大经之上奇大络也。宜行缪刺，左右平取也。平按：真病《素问》、《甲乙》作“其病”。）留瘦不移的，节而刺之。（留，久也。久瘦有病之人，不可顿刺，可节量刺之。平按：刺下《素问》、《甲乙》有“之”字。）上实下虚的，切顺之，索其经络脉，刺出其血以通之。（上实下虚，可循其经络之脉，血之盛者，皆刺去其血，通而平之。平按：切上《素问》、《甲乙》无“者”字，切下有“而”字。顺《素问》作“从”。以通之《素问》作“以见通之”，《甲乙》作“以通其气”。）瞳子高的太阳不足，戴眼的太阳绝，这是决断死生的关键，不可不察。（太阳之脉为目上纲，故太阳脉足，则目本视也；其气不足，急引其精，故瞳子高也；其脉若绝，睑精痿下，故戴目也。此等皆是决生死之大要，不可不察也。）手指及手外踝上五寸指间留针。（前太阳不足及足太阳绝者，足太阳脉也；此疗乃是手太阳脉者，以手之太阳，上下接于目之内 ，故取手之太阳疗目高、戴也，取手小指端及手外踝上五寸小指之间也。平按：留上《素问》无“间”字。此节《素问》注谓错简文。）上部天，两额之动脉也；上部地，两颊之动脉也；上部人，耳前之动脉也。（上部之天，两额足少阳、阳明二脉之动，候头角气。上部之地，两颊足阳明在大迎中动，候口齿气。上部之人，目后耳前，手太阳、手少阳、足少阳三脉在和 中动，候耳目之气也。）中部天，手太阴也；中部地，手阳明也；中部人，手少阴也。（中部之天，手太阴脉动，在中府、天府、侠白、尺泽四处，以候肺气。中部之地，手阳明脉，检经无动处，吕广注《八十一难》云动在口边，以为候者候大肠气。中部之人，手少阴动，在极泉、少海二处，以候心气也。）下部天，足厥阴也；下部地，足少阴也；下部人，足太阴也。（下部之天，足厥阴脉动，在曲骨、行间、冲门三处，以候肝气。下部之地，足少阴脉动，在大溪一处，以候肾气。下部之人，足太阴脉动，在中府、箕门、五里、阴广、冲门、云门六处，以候脾气。十二经脉，手心主无别心藏，不入九候。手太阳、手少阳、足太阳、足少阳、足阳明，此五皆是五脏表经，候脏知表，故不入越于九候也。平按：自上部天至下部人足太阴也，《素问》新校正根据《甲乙经》编次移前。）
[Ping An]: This section is incomplete from "Xing Qi Xiang De Zhe Sheng" (Those whose form and qi are in harmony survive) onwards. The Yuan edition supplemented it based on *Su Wen: San Bu Jiu Hou Lun* (Plain Questions: Treatise on the Three Regions and Nine Positions), inserting content from Huangdi's question "Yu Wen Jiu Zhen Yu Fu Zi" (I have heard of the nine needles from you, Master) to "Xiong Zhong Duo Qi Zhe Si" (Excess qi in the chest indicates death). Checking the original text of *Su Wen*, the passage from "Shang Bu Tian" (Upper Region Heaven) to "Xia Bu Ren Zu Tai Yin Ye" (Lower Region Human, Foot Taiyin Meridian) appears in detail at the end of this book; this was inserted by Lin Yi et al., Song dynasty officials. Examining the *Xin Zheng Xiao* (New Corrections) of *Su Wen* clarifies this. If this section were supplemented according to the beginning of *Su Wen*, the passage from "Shang Bu Tian" to "Xia Bu Ren Zu Tai Yin Ye" would be repetitive. Therefore, we now supplement it based on the content following "Di Yue Jue Si Sheng Nai He" (The Emperor said: How to determine life and death?) in *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing*, corroborated by the *Xin Zheng Xiao* stating that Quan Yuanqi's edition named this section "Jue Si Sheng" (Determining Life and Death), which aligns with the meaning. From "Zi Xing Yi Xiang De Yi Xia" (From those whose form and meaning are in harmony downwards), it is found in *Su Wen* Volume 6, Chapter 20 *San Bu Jiu Hou Lun*, and also in *Jia Yi Jing* Volume 4, Chapter 3 *San Bu Jiu Hou*.
The Emperor asked: How can one determine life and death?
Qibo replied: When the physical form is robust but the pulse is thin, and there is insufficient breath to sustain respiration, the condition is critical; when the physical form is emaciated but the pulse is large, and there is excessive qi in the chest, death ensues; (The above two points are supplemented from *Su Wen: San Bu Jiu Hou Lun* and *Jia Yi Jing: San Bu Jiu Hou*.) When the form and qi are in harmony, survival is indicated; (When the form is robust, qi is robust; when the form is emaciated, qi is fine; such harmony leads to survival, this is the third case.) When the pulses are irregular and uncoordinated (Can Wu Bu Tiao), disease exists; (This refers to a person whose form and qi are sometimes harmonious and sometimes not, appearing chaotic and unregulated, indicating disease, this is the fourth case.) If the pulses at all three regions and nine positions are disordered, death ensues; (The three regions and nine positions fail to align uniformly, each differing, leading to death due to disorder, this is the fifth case. Ping An: *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* lack the character 'Yi'.) When the pulses above and below, left and right respond like a pestle pounding rice (Can Chong), the disease is severe; (The pulses at the three regions and nine positions move as if pulling a rope, front and back corresponding. Now, the three regions at the head constitute the Upper Region, the three regions at the feet constitute the Lower Region, the three regions of the left hand constitute the Left Region, and the three regions of the right hand constitute the Right Region. The pulses respond with a pounding motion, rising and resting alternately above and below, left and right, with qi coming and going, like a mortar and pestle failing to align uniformly (Chong, pulsation moving up and down, Dong Gong fan), thus the disease is severe, this is the sixth case. Ping An: *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* have 'Ru' before 'Can'.) When the pulses above and below, left and right are disordered and uncountable, death ensues; (The pulsations above and below, left and right lack sequence, making the rapid pulses uncountable; pulse chaos leads to death, this is the seventh case.) If the pulse at the Middle Region is independently harmonious but disordered relative to the other organs, death ensues; (The lungs, heart, and chest constitute the Middle Region. Diagnosing the Hand Taiyin, Hand Yangming, and Hand Shaoyin meridians, if the three pulses are harmonious during respiration but do not accord with the pulses of the upper and lower regions' organs, death results, this is the eighth case. Ping An: 'Zhong' (many) is written as 'Zhu' (various) in the Yuan edition.) If the pulse at the Middle Region diminishes, death ensues; (At the Middle Region, the Hand Taiyin, Hand Yangming, and Hand Shaoyin pulses vary in number, one more and one less, lacking uniformity, resulting in death, this is the ninth case.) Sunken eyes indicate death. (The essence of the five zang organs resides in the eyes; thus, when the five zang organs fail, the eyes sink first, indicating death. The above ten signs determine life and death.)
The Emperor asked: How does one know where the disease is located? (The location of the disease lies in determining life or death, which is not easy. Since determination has many aspects, I ask again.)
Qibo answered: Examine the nine positions. A pulse that is exclusively small indicates disease; exclusively large indicates disease; exclusively rapid indicates disease; exclusively slow indicates disease; exclusively hot indicates disease; exclusively cold indicates disease; a pulse that is exclusively sunken indicates disease; (Following sequentially, there are eighteen more signs; exclusively small or large constitutes seven signs. The nine-position pulses, above and below, left and right, should be uniform and identical; thus, any exclusive deviation indicates disease. Ping An: *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* lack 'Qi' after 'Cha'.) Press with the left hand five cun above the ankle, and strike with the right hand at the ankle. If the response extends more than five cun upwards with a gentle trembling sensation (Hu Hu Ran), there is no disease; (The pulse is harmonious. Above the medial malleolus, the Foot Taiyin meridian appears, ascending eight cun above the ankle, crossing behind Jueyin, conveying Stomach Qi to the five zang organs. Thus, pressing five cun above the ankle with the left hand and striking the ankle with the right hand, if the left hand feels a gentle tremor, the person is healthy, constituting the eighth sign. Hu Hu, weak movement. Hu, Mian fan. Ping An: *Su Wen* adds 'Zu' (foot) after 'Left Hand'; *Jia Yi Jing* adds 'Yu Zuo Zu' (on the left foot). Checking *Su Wen*, there is no 'Er' before 'Zhi', but 'Shu' after. *Jia Yi Jing* adds 'Zu' after 'Right Hand'. Hu in *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* is written as 'Ru Ru'. Also, checking *Su Wen*, Song official Lin Yi cites Quan Yuanqi's commentary: "Above the medial malleolus, Yinjiao emerges, connecting to the Bladder and Kidney. The Kidney is the Gate of Vitality, hence this point is taken to clarify auspiciousness and inauspiciousness. The current text lacks one 'Er' character, and has extra 'Shu' and 'Zu' characters. Wang Bing's interpretation taking both hands and feet is forced. One should follow the old version of Quan Yuanqi's commentary and *Jia Yi Jing* as correct.") If the response is rapid and feels turbulent (Hun Hun) under the fingers, disease exists; (Striking causes the area below the left hand to feel turbulent and uncoordinated, indicating disease, this is the ninth sign.) If it feels slow (Xu Xu) under the fingers, disease exists; if the response cannot reach five cun upwards, or if there is no response to striking, death ensues; (Foot Taiyin blood and qi are weak; a slow response indicates disease; failure to reach five cun or no response indicates death, this is the tenth sign. Ping An: *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* add 'Ran' after 'Xu Xu'.) Emaciation with inability to move the body indicates death; ('Qu' means movement. Severe emaciation and weakness preventing walking indicates death, this is the eleventh sign. Ping An: The original manuscript lacks 'Bu'; based on notes, both *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* read 'Bu Qu' (not moving), so it is supplemented here.) Fluctuating frequency in the middle region (Zha Shu Zha Shu) indicates death; (Middle region refers to Hand Taiyin, Hand Yangming, and Hand Shaoyin; fluctuating frequency indicates death, this is the twelfth sign.) A pulse that is intermittent and hooked (Dai Er Gou) indicates disease in the collateral vessels; (The middle region pulses: Hand Taiyin is the Autumn pulse; Hand Shaoyin is the Summer pulse. When the Autumn pulse is dominant, receiving the Spleen pulse, Earth overcomes Metal, termed Deficient Evil, causing disease. When the Summer pulse is dominant, receiving the Spleen pulse, Earth overcomes Fire, termed Excess Evil, causing disease. Diseases of the Summer pulse reside in the collateral vessels; pricking to release blood treats them, this is the thirteenth sign. Ping An: *Jia Yi Jing* writes 'Dai Mai' instead of 'Mai Dai'.) The nine positions should correspond, upper and lower as one, without losing alignment. If one position lags, disease exists; if two lag, disease is severe; if three lag, the condition is critical. 'Lagging' means failing to move simultaneously. Examine the diseased zang organ to know the time of death; (The nine-position arterial pulses should correspond as one, without losing alignment. Suddenly, eight positions move together while one lags, representing one loss, hence disease. Two lagging represent two losses, hence severe disease. Three lagging represent three losses, hence critical condition. For disease caused by three lagging positions, examine each to identify which zang organ is affected, knowing the severity and time of death. Three lagging positions constitute three losses, this is the sixteenth sign. Ping An: *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* write 'Fu Zang' instead of 'Bing Zang'.) One must first understand the regular meridians, then the pathological pulses. Appearance of True Zang Pulses with excess indicates death; (To diagnose via nine positions, one must first know the pathways of the twelve regular meridians and various collaterals, then examine the nine positions for pathological pulses. Presence of True Zang Pulses, lacking the softness of Stomach Qi, with exclusive excess, inevitably leads to death, this is the seventeenth sign. Ping An: *Su Wen* writes 'Zhe Si' instead of 'Sheng Zhe Si'; *Jia Yi Jing* writes 'Zhe Xie Sheng Si Ye' (five characters). Note: 'Wu' (no) in 'No Stomach Qi' was mistakenly printed as 'Jian' (see) in the Yuan edition.) Absence of Foot Taiyang Qi results in inability to flex or extend the legs; death involves upward staring of the eyes (Dai Yan). (Foot Taiyang meridian runs from the eye, through the head, to the foot. Its absence causes leg immobility and upward staring at death, this is the eighteenth sign.)
The Emperor asked: What about Winter Yin and Summer Yang? (Pulses at all nine positions being deep, thin, and faint are Yin; reaching extremity in Winter, hence Winter Yin. Pulses being vigorous, restless, panting, and rapid are Yang; reaching extremity in Summer, hence Summer Yang. Please explain the principle.)
Qibo answered: When pulses at all nine positions are deep, thin, and suspended/cut off (Xuan Jue), this is Yin, governing Winter, leading to death at midnight; (Deep upon pressure is 'Shen'. Movement like a drawn thread is 'Xi'. Coming like a broken rope is 'Xuan Jue'. All nine positions being like this indicates Yin Qi excess. Yang Qi is externally cut off, Yin Qi moves alone, having interior but no exterior, dying in Winter at the time of extreme Yin. Midnight death corresponds to extreme Yin. This is the first diagnosis.) Vigorous, restless, panting, and rapid pulses are Yang, governing Summer, leading to death at noon; (Voluminous qi is 'Sheng'. Rapid movement is 'Zao'. Due to panting and rapidity, it is called 'Chuan Shu'. All nine positions being like this indicates Yang Qi excess. Yin Qi is internally cut off, Yang Qi moves alone, having exterior but no interior, dying in Summer at the time of extreme Yang. Noon death corresponds to extreme Yang. This is the second diagnosis.) Therefore, those with alternating cold and heat die at dawn (Ping Dan); (Spleen disease with cold and heat dies at dawn. Dawn is Wood; Wood overcomes Earth, hence Spleen disease dies at dawn, this is the third diagnosis. Ping An: The nine characters "Shi Gu Han Re Zhe Yi Ping Dan Si" were originally in small print under Note 2, mixed into the note. They should be treated as scripture based on *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* to match the meaning of the third diagnosis note. Yuan edition added 'Bing' (disease) based on *Su Wen*/*Jia Yi Jing*, made it large print, connected it to "Yi Ri Zhong Si", and kept the nine characters in the note under Diagnosis 2, which is redundant and inaccurate. Here, changing the small print under Note 2 to large print as scripture clarifies Notes 2 and 3. Also, *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* add 'Bing' after 'Han Re'. *Jia Yi Jing* lacks 'Shi Gu' before 'Han Re'.) Those with internal heat and heat diseases die at noon; (Heat in the Lungs and cold-induced heat diseases are all Yang diseases, hence dying at noon during extreme Yang, this is the fourth diagnosis. Ping An: *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* add 'Zhe' after 'Bing'. Yuan edition repeats 'Ri Zhong' and omits 'Shi' after 'Ji'.) Wind diseases die at dusk (Ri Xi); (Wind relates to Liver disease. You hour is Metal; Metal overcomes Wood, hence death at dusk, this is the fifth diagnosis. Ping An: *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* write 'Bing Feng' instead of 'Feng Bing'.) Water diseases die at midnight; (Water disease is Yin disease. Midnight Zi hour is extreme Yin, hence death, this is the sixth diagnosis.) Pulses that are intermittently sparse and rapid, intermittently slow and fast, die during the transition periods of the four seasons (Ri Cheng Si Ji); (Spleen is Earth, dominant in the four seasons. In peace, the pulse is in the Central Palace, quiet and unseen. When diseased, it appears as intermittent sparsity and rapidity, hence dying during the seasonal transitions, this is the seventh diagnosis. Ping An: *Su Wen* adds 'Zhe' after 'Ji', lacks 'Yi'; *Jia Yi Jing* has 'Zhe'.) When flesh and muscle have wasted away, even if the nine positions are harmonious, death ensues. (Earth represents flesh; flesh is the master of the body. Thus, even if the pulse is harmonious, wasting flesh leads to death, this is the seventh diagnosis. Ping An: *Jia Yi Jing* adds 'Zhe' after 'Tiao'.) Even if the seven diagnostic signs appear, if the nine positions are compliant, death does not occur. The term 'non-death' refers to wind/qi diseases and inter-meridian diseases, which resemble the seven diagnostic signs but are not true ones, hence stated as non-lethal. If the seven diagnostic signs are present AND the pulse qualities are also failed/degenerated, death occurs, accompanied by hiccups and belching. (Although the seven signs of death exist, if the nine-position pulses comply with the four seasons, it is called non-lethal. Regarding the seven signs appearing with compliant pulses indicating life: wind and qi diseases, and mild diseases within the meridians, show signs resembling the seven signs but are not true seven signs, hence compliance allows survival. If the seven signs are present and pulses degenerate, survival is impossible. The five zang organs fail first, and the person will surely die from hiccups. Ping An: *Su Wen* writes 'Cong' instead of 'Shun'. *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* write 'Jing Yue' instead of 'Jian Jian'.) One must carefully inquire into the cause, the onset, the current disease, and the impending illness; (Key to diagnosing disease has four aspects: 1. Observing color to know, called 'Shen' (Divine); 2. Listening to voice to know, called 'Ming' (Bright); 3. Asking questions to know, called 'Gong' (Skillful); 4. Palpating pulse to know, called 'Qiao' (Clever). There are three types of inquiry: 1. Ask for the origin of disease (when in the four seasons, diet, sexual activity, etc.); 2. Ask about the disease symptoms (cold, heat, pain, itching, etc.); 3. Ask about impending illness (what strange changes are occurring now). Ping An: *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* write "Qi Suo Shi Bing" instead of "Qi Gu, Suo Shi, Suo Bing".) Then palpate and trace the pulses; (First ask the cause of disease, then palpate and trace the pulses to ensure accuracy. 'Qie' means cutting/pressing with hand to divide fortune/misfortune; 'Xun' means tracing pulse movement with heart and hand, hence 'Qie Xun Qi Mai'. Ping An: *Su Wen* adds 'Ge' before 'Qie'. Yuan edition writes 'Fen Bie' instead of 'Fen Ge' in the note.) Observe the floating and sinking of the meridians; (Meridians refer to the Twelve Regular and Eight Extraordinary Vessels. Collaterals refer to the Fifteen Major Collaterals and various Sun Collaterals. The method of palpation involves observing floating/sinking of meridians and collaterals. Sinking is Yin, Floating is Yang, used to determine cold/warmth of disease.) Follow the upward/downward and reverse/compliant flow. Rapid pulses indicate no disease; slow pulses indicate disease; pulses that do not come and go indicate death; skin adhering tightly to bone indicates death. (Up refers to Upper Region; Down refers to Lower Region. Also, Up refers to left/right of throat; Down refers to left/right of hands. Cun Kou pulse starting from organs and going towards limbs is Compliant (Shun); pulse starting from limbs and going towards organs is Reverse (Ni). Palpating compliant/reverse pulses: rapid response means no disease; loss of sequence and slow response means disease. Hand Three Yin go out, Three Yang come in; Foot Three Yang go out, Three Yin come in. If none come or go, it is death. Harmonious Qi separates skin and flesh; extreme stiffness and adherence indicate death. Ping An: *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* write 'Cong' instead of 'Shun'. *Jia Yi Jing* adds 'Bu' after 'Xia'.)
The Emperor asked: How are treatable cases managed? (The previous statements by the Emperor mentioned many fatal signs, hence asking about treatable diseases, this is the third question.)
Qibo answered: Disease of the meridians is treated by treating the meridians; disease of the Sun Collaterals is treated by treating the Sun Collaterals; (Below discusses treatable diseases. Pathogen in meridians takes the meridians; pathogen in Sun Collaterals takes Sun Collaterals. Ping An: *Su Wen* writes "Zhi Qi Sun Luo Xue"; *Jia Yi Jing* lacks two 'Sun' characters.) Blood disease with body pain is treated by treating the meridians and collaterals. (Major meridians and collaterals jointly cause blood disease; body pain indicates treating both major meridians and large collaterals. Ping An: *Jia Yi Jing* lacks 'Xue Bing'. Yuan edition mistakes 'Bing' for 'Tong'.) True disease located in Odd Collaterals (Qi Xie) is treated by Diagonal Needling (Miu Ci). (True means regular. When an organ receives pathogen directly, not transmitted, it is called Regular Disease. Qi Xie refers to large odd collaterals on major meridians. Diagonal needling should be performed, taking points horizontally across left and right. Ping An: *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* write "Qi Bing" instead of "Zhen Bing".) Chronic emaciation with immobility is treated by regulated needling. ('Liu' means long-standing. For chronically emaciated patients, sudden heavy needling is contraindicated; needling should be regulated/modulated. Ping An: *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* add 'Zhi' after 'Ci'.) Upper Excess and Lower Deficiency: palpate and follow the flow, locate the meridian pulses, prick to release blood to unblock. (For Upper Excess/Lower Deficiency, trace meridian pulses; prick abundant blood to unblock and balance. Ping An: *Su Wen* and *Jia Yi Jing* lack 'Zhe' before 'Qie', add 'Er' after 'Qie'. *Su Wen* writes 'Cong' for 'Shun'. *Su Wen* writes "Yi Jian Tong Zhi"; *Jia Yi Jing* writes "Yi Tong Qi".) High pupils indicate Taiyang deficiency; upward staring (Dai Yan) indicates Taiyang exhaustion. These are key to determining life and death and must not be overlooked. (Taiyang meridian is the upper lid governor. When Taiyang pulse is sufficient, eyes function normally; when Qi is deficient, it pulls essence urgently, causing high pupils; when pulse exhausts, eyelid essence sags, causing upward staring. These are major keys to determining life and death, must not be ignored.) Retain needle in fingers and between fingers five cun above the lateral malleolus of the hand. (Previous Taiyang deficiency and Foot Taiyang exhaustion relate to Foot Taiyang meridian; this treatment relates to Hand Taiyang meridian. Because Hand Taiyang connects above and below to the inner eye, take Hand Taiyang to treat high pupils and upward staring. Take the tip of the little finger and between the little finger and hand five cun above the lateral malleolus [Note: Text likely contains error regarding anatomical location, traditionally Hand Taiyang points are on arm/hand]. Ping An: *Su Wen* lacks 'Jian' before 'Liu'. This section in *Su Wen* note is considered misplaced bamboo slips.) Upper Region Heaven: Arteries at both temples. Upper Region Earth: Arteries at both cheeks. Upper Region Human: Arteries in front of both ears. (Upper Heaven: Pulsations of Foot Shaoyang and Yangming at temples, inspecting Head/Horn Qi. Upper Earth: Pulsation of Foot Yangming at Daying on cheeks, inspecting Mouth/Teeth Qi. Upper Human: Pulsations of Hand Taiyang, Hand Shaoyang, and Foot Shaoyang at Hegu in front of ears, inspecting Ear/Eye Qi.) Middle Region Heaven: Hand Taiyin. Middle Region Earth: Hand Yangming. Middle Region Human: Hand Shaoyin. (Middle Heaven: Hand Taiyin pulse moves at Zhongfu, Tianfu, Xiabai, Chize, inspecting Lung Qi. Middle Earth: Hand Yangming pulse, checking classics shows no specific movement point; Lu Guang's commentary on *Nan Jing* says it moves at the mouth corner, inspecting Large Intestine Qi. Middle Human: Hand Shaoyin moves at Jiquan and Shaohai, inspecting Heart Qi.) Lower Region Heaven: Foot Jueyin. Lower Region Earth: Foot Shaoyin. Lower Region Human: Foot Taiyin. (Lower Heaven: Foot Jueyin pulse moves at Qugu, Xingjian, Chongmen, inspecting Liver Qi. Lower Earth: Foot Shaoyin pulse moves at Taixi, inspecting Kidney Qi. Lower Human: Foot Taiyin pulse moves at Zhongfu, Jimen, Wuli, Yinguang, Chongmen, Yunmen [Note: Some point names may vary in transcription], inspecting Spleen Qi. Of the twelve meridians, Pericardium (Hand Jueyin) has no separate Heart organ representation and does not enter the nine positions. Hand Taiyang, Hand Shaoyang, Foot Taiyang, Foot Shaoyang, Foot Yangming are the six exterior meridians of the five zang organs. Inspecting zang knows exterior, hence they do not exceed the nine positions. Ping An: From "Shang Bu Tian" to "Xia Bu Ren Zu Tai Yin Ye", *Su Wen* Xin Zheng Xiao reorders based on *Jia Yi Jing*.)