鼻为肺之窍，鼻塞者，盖肺气不通于窍。然肺主皮毛，风寒
外感，则肺气壅闭而鼻塞。川芎膏主之。
鼻涕者，肺为风寒所袭，而津液不收，则为鼻涕，细辛散主
之。
齆鼻者，肺受风寒，久而不散，脓涕结聚不开。使不闻香
臭，则成齆矣。万金膏主之。
以上三症，皆宜疏利，俱用加味丽泽通气散。
鼻干者，心脾有热，上蒸于肺，故津液枯竭而结，当清热生
津，导赤散吞抱龙丸治之。
如痛已极，鼻干而黑，窍张，长出冷气者，此肺绝也，必死
之症。
鼻渊者，流下唾涕，极其腥臭，此胆移热于脑，又名脑崩，
辛夷散主之。
几小儿初生，三期五日一腊，忽然鼻塞，不得吮乳，不得呼
吸者，因乳母安卧之时，而不知回避，鼻中出气，吹着儿囱门，
或因洗浴，用水温冷，又不避风邪，所以致儿鼻塞，通关散治之。
鼻衄者，是五脏积热所为也。盖血随气行，今得热，则热气
动而妄行，溢出于鼻也。宜凉血为主，内服加减地黄汤，外用吹
鼻散。
川芎、细辛、蒿本、白芷、甘草各三钱，龙脑五
分，麝香五分，杏仁(去皮尖)七拉。共为未，炼蜜为丸。
灯心汤化服。如体弱者，绵裹一丸，塞鼻孔中，男左女右。
The nose is the orifice of the Lung. Nasal congestion (Bi Sai) occurs because Lung Qi cannot penetrate the orifice. However, the Lung governs the skin and hair. When Wind-Cold external pathogens invade, they cause Lung Qi to become obstructed and closed, resulting in nasal congestion. This condition is treated with Chuanxiong Gao (Cyperus Paste).
Runny nose (Bí Tì) occurs when the Lung is attacked by Wind-Cold, causing body fluids (Jin Ye) to fail to be retained, thus flowing out as nasal discharge. This condition is treated with Xixin San (Asarum Powder).
Nasal obstruction with heavy voice (Wang Bi) results from the Lung being affected by Wind-Cold, which lingers for a long time without dispersing. Pus-like nasal discharge accumulates and fails to clear. The inability to smell fragrant or foul odors leads to this condition. It is treated with Wanjin Gao (Ten-Thousand-Gold Paste).
All three of the above symptoms are suitable for treatment via dredging and unblocking methods; Jia Wei Li Ze Tong Qi San (Modified Lizhe Ventilation Powder) should be used for all.
Dryness of the nose occurs due to Heat in the Heart and Spleen steaming upward into the Lung, causing body fluids to dry up and congeal. Treatment requires clearing Heat and generating fluids; Dao Chi San (Guide Out the Red Powder) taken internally while swallowing Bao Long Wan (Embrace Dragon Pill) is indicated.
If pain becomes extreme, the nose is dry and black, the nostrils flare open, and cold air is exhaled, this indicates the exhaustion of Lung Qi. It is a fatal syndrome.
Bi Yuan (Nasal Sinusitis), characterized by the flow of profuse, foul-smelling nasal discharge, occurs when Gallbladder Heat transfers to the Brain. It is also known as "Brain Collapse" (Nao Beng). This condition is treated with Xinyi San (Magnolia Flower Powder).
In some infants, during the third or fifth month after birth (counting lunar new moon days), sudden nasal congestion may occur, preventing sucking milk or normal breathing. This happens if the nursing mother, while sleeping, does not avoid blowing air into the infant's fontanelle, or if bathing water is too cold and wind-cold pathogens are not avoided, leading to infant nasal congestion. This is treated with Tong Guan San (Open the Pass Powder).
Bi Xu (Epistaxis/Nosebleed) is caused by accumulated Heat in the Five Zang Organs. Blood follows Qi in its movement; when affected by Heat, the Heat agitates and causes blood to move recklessly, overflowing from the nose. Treatment should primarily focus on cooling the Blood. Internally, Jia Di Huang Tang (Modified Rehmannia Decoction) is prescribed; externally, Chui Bi San (Blow-into-Nose Powder) is applied.
Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Asarum Root (Xixin), Ligusticum Rhizome (Gaoben), Angelica Dahurica Root (Baizhi), and Licorice Root (Gancao) each 3 qian; Borneol (Longnao) 0.5 fen; Almond Seed (Xingren, peeled and tip removed) 7 pieces. Grind all into powder, mix with refined honey to form pills. Take with Deng Xin Cao Tang (Juncus Decoction). For those with weak constitutions, wrap one pill in cotton and insert it into the nostril: left nostril for males, right nostril for females.
Asarum Root (Xixin), Peucedanum Root (Qianhu), Saposhnikovia Root (Fangfeng), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), Ginseng Root (Renshen), and Licorice Root (Gancao) in equal proportions. Grind into fine powder, take mixed with Rushang Tang (Frankincense Decoction).