（共二百四十）
人参味甘，大补元气，止渴生津，调荣养卫。（肺中实热，并阴虚火动、劳嗽吐血勿用。肺虚气短、少气盛喘
烦热，去芦用之，反藜芦。）
黄 性温，收汗固表，托疮生肌，气虚莫少。（得防风，其功愈大，用绵软箭干者，以蜜水浸，炒用之。）
白术甘温，健脾强胃，止泻除湿，兼驱痰痞。（去芦油。）
茯苓味淡，渗湿利窍，白化痰涎，赤通水道。（去皮。）
甘草甘温，调和诸药，炙则温中，生则泻火。（解百药毒，反甘遂、海藻、大戟、芫花。梢，去尿管涩痛；
节，消痈、疽、厥、肿；子，除胸热；身，生炙随用。）
当归性温，生血补心，扶虚益损，逐瘀生新。（头，主血上行∶身，养血中守；尾，破血下流；全，活血
不走。酒浸，洗净。体肥痰盛，姜汁浸，晒干用。）
川芎性温，能止头疼，养新生血，开郁上行。（不宜单服。久服，令人暴亡。）
白芍酸寒，能收能补，泻痢腹疼，虚寒勿与。（下利用炒；后重用生。）
赤芍酸寒，能泻能散，破血通经，产后勿犯。
生地微寒，能消湿热，骨蒸烦劳，兼消瘀血。（勿犯铁器，忌三日。姜汁浸，炒，不泥膈痰。）
熟地微温，滋肾补血，益髓填精，乌髭黑发，（酒浸蒸用。勿犯铁器，忌三日。）
麦门甘寒，解渴祛烦，补心清肺，有热自安。（温水渍，去心，不令人心烦。）
天门甘寒，肺痿肺痈，消痰止嗽，喘热有功。（温水渍，去心、皮。）
黄连味苦，泻心除痞，清热明眸，浓肠止痢。（去须。生用，泻心清热；酒炒，浓肠胃；姜制，止呕吐。）
黄芩苦寒，枯泻肺火，而清大肠，湿热皆可。（去皮。朽枯飘者，治上焦；条实者。治下焦。）
黄柏苦寒，降火滋阴，骨蒸湿热，下血堪任。（去粗皮，切片。蜜炒、酒炒、人乳炒、童便炒、或生用，
随病用之。）
栀子性寒，解郁除烦，吐衄胃痛，火降小便。（清上焦郁热，用慢火炒黑；清三焦实火，生用。能清曲屈之火。）
连翘苦寒，能消痈毒，气聚血凝，湿热堪逐。（去心。）
石膏大寒，能泻胃火，发渴头疼，解肌立妥。
知母味苦，热渴能除，骨蒸有汗，痰咳皆舒。（去皮毛，忌铁器。生用泻胃火；酒炒泻肾火。）
贝母微寒，止嗽化痰，肺痈肺痿，开郁除烦。（去心。）
大黄苦寒，破血消瘀，快膈通阳。破除积聚。（酒炒，上达颠顶；酒洗，中至胃脘；生用，下行。）
芒硝苦寒，实热积聚，蠲痰润燥，疏通便闭。（即朴硝用再煎炼，倾入盆内，结成芒硝也。）
柴胡味苦，能泻肝火，寒热往来，疟疾均可。（去芦。）
前胡微寒，宁嗽消痰，寒热头疼，痞闷能安。（去芦毛，软者佳。）
升麻性寒，清胃解毒，升提下陷，牙疼可逐。
桔梗味苦，疗咽肿痛，载药上升，开胸利壅。（去芦。）
紫苏味辛，风寒发表，梗下诸气，消除胀满。
麻黄味辛，解表出汗，身热头疼，风寒发散。（止汗用根。）
葛根味甘，伤寒发表，温疟往来，止渴解酒。
薄荷味辛，最清头目，祛风化痰，骨蒸宜服。
防风甘温，能除头晕，骨节痹痛，诸风口噤。（去芦。）
荆芥味辛，能清头目，表汗祛风，治疮消瘀。
滑石沉寒，滑能利窍，解渴除烦，湿热可疗。（白色者佳，杂色者毒。）
细辛辛温，少阴头痛，利窍通关，风湿皆用。（去上叶。）
羌活微温，祛风除湿，身痛头疼，舒筋活骨。
独活甘苦，颈项难舒，两足湿痹，诸风能除。
白芒辛温，阳明头痛，风热瘙痒，排脓通用。
本气温，除痛颠顶，寒湿可除，风邪可屏。
香附味甘，快气开郁，止痛调经，更消宿食。（忌铁器，楮去毛。）
没药辛温，心腹胀痛，小便滑数，顺气通用。
枳实味苦，消食除痞，破积化痰，冲墙倒壁。（水渍软。切片，麸炒。）
白蔻辛温，能却瘴翳，益气调元，止呕翻胃。
枳壳微温，快气宽肠，胸中气结，胀满堪尝。（水渍软，去穣，麸炒。气血弱者，勿与枳壳，以其损气也。）
陈皮甘温，顺气宽膈，留白和脾，消痰去白。（用温水洗净。不可用水久泡。则滋味尽去。）
苍术甘温，健脾燥湿。发汗宽中，更祛瘴疫。（米泔水浸二宿，搓去黑皮，切片。）
青皮苦寒，能攻气滞，削坚平肝，安脾下食。（少用热水浸透，去穣，晒干。）
浓朴苦温，消胀除满，痰气泻痢，其功不缓。（去粗皮，姜汁浸，炒，亦有生用者。）
南星性热，能治风痰，破伤跌打，风疾皆安，（生姜汤泡透，切片，姜汁浸，炒。用一两研末，腊月黑牯牛胆，
将末入，搅匀，悬风处吹干，名牛胆南星。）
半夏味辛，健脾燥湿，痰痿头疼，嗽吐堪入。（生姜汤泡透；切片，再用姜汁浸，炒用。如治风疾，用牙皂、
白矾、生姜煎汤泡透，炒干用。）
藿香辛温，能止呕吐，发散风寒，霍乱为主。
腹皮微温，能下膈气，安胃健脾，浮肿消去。（此有鸩粪毒，用黑豆汁洗净，晒干。）
槟榔辛温，破气杀虫，逐水祛痰，专除后重。
香薷味辛，伤暑便涩，霍乱水肿，除烦解热。
扁豆微凉，转筋吐泻，下气和中，酒毒能化。
泽泻苦寒，消肿止渴，除湿通淋，阴汗自遏。
猪苓味淡，利水通淋，消肿除湿，多服损肾。（去砂石。）
木通性寒，小肠热闭，利窍通经，最能导滞。（去皮。）
车前气寒，溺涩眼赤，小便能通，大便能实。
地骨皮寒，解肌退热，有汗骨蒸，强阴凉血。
木瓜味酸，湿肿香港脚，霍乱转筋，足膝无力。
威灵苦温，腰膝冷痛，积痰 癖，风湿通用。
牡丹苦寒，破血通经，血分有热，无汗骨蒸。
玄参苦寒，清无根火，消肿骨蒸，补肾亦可。（肉坚黑者。）
沙参味苦，消肿排脓，补肝益肺，退热除风。
丹参味苦，破积调经，生新去恶，祛除带崩。
苦参味苦，痈肿疮疥，下血肠风，眉脱赤癞。
龙胆苦寒，疗眼赤疼，下焦湿肿，肝经热烦。
五加皮寒，祛痛风痹，健步坚筋，益筋止沥。
防己气寒，风湿脚痛，热积膀胱，消痈散肿。（去皮，酒浸，洗。）
地榆沉寒。血热堪用，血痢带崩，金疮止痛。（胃弱者少用。）
茯神补心，善镇惊悸，恍惚健忘，除怒恚心。（去皮木。）
远志气温，能驱惊悸，安神镇心，令人多记。（用甘草汤渍一宿，透，去骨，焙干。）
酸枣味酸，敛汗祛烦，多眠用生，不眠用炒。（去壳。）
菖蒲性温，开心通窍，去痹除风，出声至妙。
柏子味甘，补心益气，敛汗扶阳，更除惊悸。
益智辛温，安神益气，遗浊遗精，呕逆皆治。（去壳。）
甘松味香，善除恶气，浴体香肌，心腹痛已。
小茴性温，能除疝气，腹痛腰疼，调中暖胃。
大茴味辛，疝气香港脚，肿痛膀胱，止呕开胃。（盐汤浸，炒。）
干姜味辛，表解风寒，炮苦逐冷，虚热尤堪。
附子辛热，性走不守，四肢厥逆，回阳功有。（厥冷回阳用生；引诸药行经用面裹火煨，去皮脐，切四片，
用童便浸透，晒干。）
川乌大热，搜风入骨，湿痹寒疼，破积之物。
木香微温，散滞和胃，诸气能调，行肝泻肺。
沉香降气，暖胃追邪，通天彻地，卫气堪夸。
丁香辛热，能除寒呕，心腹疼痛，温卫可晓。（气血盛者，勿与丁香，以其益气也。）
砂仁性温，养胃进食，止痛安胎，通经破滞。
莲肉味甘，健脾理胃，止泻涩精，清心养气。
肉桂辛热，善通血脉，腹痛虚寒，温补可得。
桂枝小梗，横行手臂，止汗舒筋，治手足痹。
吴茱辛热，能调疝气，脐腹寒疼，酸水通治。（去梗，炒。）
延胡气温，心腹卒痛，通经活血，跌扑血崩。
薏苡味甘，专除湿痹，筋节拘挛，肺痈肺痿。（去壳净。）
肉蔻辛温，脾胃虚冷，泻利不休，功可立等。（面裹煨熟，切碎，纸包，捶去油。）
草蔻辛温，治寒犯胃，作痛呕吐，不食能治。
诃子味苦，涩肠止痢，痰嗽喘急，降火敛肺。
草果味辛，消食除胀，截疟逐痰，解温辟瘴。
常山苦寒，截疟损痰，解伤寒热，水胀能宽。（酒浸，切片。）
良姜性热，下气温中，转筋霍乱，酒食能攻。
山楂味甘，磨消肉食，疗疝催疮，消膨健胃。（炒，用温水润透，去子取肉。）
神曲味甘，开胃消食，破结逐痰，调中下气。（炒。）
麦芽甘温，能消宿食，心腹膨胀，行血散滞。（用大麦生芽炒用。）
苏子味辛，驱痰降气，止咳定喘，更润心肺。（炒。）
白芥子辛，专化胁痰，疟蒸痞块，服之能安。（炒。）
甘遂苦寒，破 消痰，面浮蛊胀，利水能安。（反甘草。）
大戟甘苦，消水利便，肿胀 坚，其功瞑眩。（反甘草、海藻。）
芫花寒苦，能消胀蛊，利水泻湿，止咳痰吐。（反甘草。）
商陆辛甘，赤白各异，赤者消肿，白利水气。
海藻咸寒，消瘿散疠，除胀破 ，利水通闭。（反甘草。）
牵牛苦寒，利水消肿，蛊胀 癖，散滞除壅。（妊娠忌服。黑者属水，力速；白者属全，效迟。研烂取头
末用。）
葶苈苦辛，利水消肿，痰咳 瘕，治喘肺痈。
瞿麦辛寒，专除淋病，且能坠胎，通经立应。
三棱味苦，利血消癖，气滞作疼，虚者当忌。（醋浸透，炒。）
莪术温苦，善破 癖，止痛消瘀，通经最宜。（醋浸，炒。）
五灵味甘，血痢腹疼，止血用炒，行血用生。
干漆辛温，通经破瘕，追积杀蛊，效如奔马。（炒。）
蒲黄味甘，逐瘀止崩，补血须炒，破血宜生。
苏木甘咸，能行积血，产后月经，兼医扑跌。
桃仁甘寒，能润大肠，通经破瘀，血瘕堪尝。（水泡去皮尖。）
红花辛温，最消瘀血，多则通经，少则养血。
姜黄味辛，消痈破血，心腹疼痛，下气最捷。（大者为姜黄。）
郁金味苦，破血生肌，血淋溺血，郁结能舒。（小者为郁金。）
金银花甘，疗痈无对，未成则散，已成则溃。
漏芦性寒，祛恶疮毒，补血排脓，生肌长肉。
蒺藜味苦，疗疮瘙痒，白癜头疮，翳除目朗。
白芨味苦，功专收敛，肿毒疮疡，外科最善。
蛇床辛苦，下气温中，恶疮疥癞，逐瘀祛风。
天麻味辛，能驱头眩，小儿惊痫，拘挛瘫痪。
白附辛温，治面百病，血痹风疮，中风诸症。
全蝎味辛，却风痰毒，口眼 斜，风痫发搐。
蝉蜕甘平，消风定惊，杀疳除热，退翳侵明。
僵蚕味咸，诸风惊痫，湿痰喉痹，疮毒瘢痕。
木鳖甘温，能追疮毒，乳痈腰疼，消肿最速。（去壳。）
蜂房咸苦，惊痫螈 ，牙疼肿毒，瘰 肠痈。
花蛇温毒，瘫痪 斜，大风癞疥，诸毒弥佳。
槐花味苦，痔漏肠风，大肠热痢，更杀蛔虫。
鼠粘子辛，能消疮毒，隐疹风热，咽疼可逐。（一名牛蒡子，一名大力子。）
茵陈味苦，退湿除黄，泻湿利水，清热为凉。
蔓荆味苦，头痛能医，拘挛湿痹，泪眼堪除。
兜铃苦寒，能熏痔漏，定喘消痰，肺热久嗽。
百合味甘，安心定胆，止嗽消浮，痈疽可啖。
秦艽微寒，除湿荣筋，肢节风痛，下血骨蒸。
紫菀苦辛，痰喘咳逆，肺痰吐衄，寒热并济（酒洗）。
款花甘温，理肺消痰，肺痈喘咳，补劳除烦。
金沸草寒，消痰止嗽，明目祛风，逐水尤妙。
桑皮甘辛，止嗽定喘，泻肺火邪，其功不浅。（去红皮）。
杏仁温苦，风痰喘嗽，大肠气闭，便难切要。（水泡，去皮尖，双仁有毒，勿用。）
乌梅酸温，收敛肺气，止渴生津，能安泻痢。
天花粉寒，止渴祛烦，排脓消毒，善除热痰。（即栝蒌根。）
密蒙花甘，主能明目，虚翳青盲，服之效速。
菊花味甘，除热祛风，头眩目赤，收泪有功。（家园内黄菊小花，甘甜者佳，酒浸晒干用。）
木贼味甘，益肝退翳，能止月经，更清积聚。
决明子甘，能除肝热，目疼收泪，仍止鼻血。
羚羊角寒，明目清肝，却惊解毒，补智能安。
龟甲味甘，滋阴补肾，除崩续筋，更医颅囟。
鳖甲酸平，劳嗽骨蒸，散瘀消肿，去痞除崩。
海螵蛸咸，破血除 ，通经水肿，目翳心疼。
犀角酸寒，代毒辟邪，解热止血，消肿蛇毒。
火麻味甘，下乳催生，润肠通结，小水能行。
山豆根苦，疗咽肿痛，敷蛇虫伤，可救急用。（俗名密钥匙。用根，口嚼汁，吞，止咽喉肿痛。）
益母草甘，女科为主，产后胎前，生新去瘀。（忌犯铁器。）
紫草苦寒，能通九窍，利水消膨，痘疹切要。
地肤子寒，去膀胱热，皮肤瘙痒，除热甚捷。
楝根寒性，能追诸虫，疼痛一止，积聚立通。
樗根味苦，泻痢带崩，肠风痔漏，燥湿涩精。
泽兰甘苦，痈肿能消，打扑伤损，肢体虚浮。
瓜蒂苦寒，善能吐痰，消身浮肿，并治黄疽。
巴豆辛热，除胃寒积，破 消痛，大能通利。（去皮心膜，或生或熟，听用。）
牙皂味辛，通血关窍，敷肿消脓，吐风痰妙。
斑蝥有毒，破通利经，诸疮瘰 ，水道能行。
胡黄连苦，治劳骨蒸，小儿疳痢，盗汗虚惊。
使君甘温，消疳清浊，泻利诸虫，总能除却。（煨去壳，取肉用。）
(240 formulas in total)
Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) has a sweet flavor, greatly tonifies Yuan Qi (Primary Qi), relieves thirst and generates fluids, and harmonizes Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) levels. (Contraindicated in cases of excess heat in the Lungs, Yin deficiency with fire hyperactivity, labor-induced cough with hemoptysis. For Lung Qi deficiency causing shortness of breath, scanty breathing, severe panting, and irritability, remove the rhizome head; it is incompatible with Veratrum nigrum.)
Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) has a warm nature, stops sweating and consolidates the exterior, expels pus and promotes tissue regeneration, and should not be omitted in Qi deficiency. (Its efficacy is enhanced when combined with Saposhnikovia divaricata; use soft, arrow-like stems, soaked in honey water and stir-fried.)
Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) has a sweet and warm nature, strengthens the Spleen and fortifies the Stomach, stops diarrhea and dispels dampness, and also drives away phlegm and fullness. (Remove the rhizome head and oil.)
Fu Ling (Poria) has a bland flavor,渗湿 (leaches out dampness) and benefits orifices, Bai Fu Ling (white Poria) transforms phlegm-fluids, and Chi Fu Ling (red Poria) unblocks water passages. (Remove the skin.)
Gan Cao (Licorice Root) has a sweet and warm nature, harmonizes various herbs; roasted it warms the Middle, raw it clears fire. (Resolves toxicity of many herbs; incompatible with Kansui, Sargassum, Euphorbia, and Genkwa. The tip treats painful/difficult urination; the node resolves carbuncles, ulcers, cold limbs, and swelling; the fruit clears chest heat; the root can be used raw or roasted as needed.)
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) has a warm nature, generates blood and tonifies the Heart, supports deficiency and benefits loss, expels stasis and generates new blood. (The head guides blood upward; the body nourishes blood centrally; the tail breaks blood downward; the whole root invigorates blood without dispersing. Soak in wine and wash clean. For obese patients with abundant phlegm, soak in ginger juice and sun-dry.)
Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) has a warm nature, stops headaches, nourishes newly generated blood, opens stagnation and moves upward. (Should not be taken alone. Long-term use may cause sudden death.)
Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) has a sour and cold nature, has astringent and tonifying properties, treats dysentery with abdominal pain, but is contraindicated in deficiency-cold. (Stir-fry for diarrhea; use raw heavily for late-stage dysentery.)
Chi Shao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) has a sour and cold nature, has purging and dispersing properties, breaks blood and unblocks meridians, and should be avoided postpartum.
Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) has a slightly cold nature, eliminates damp-heat, treats bone-steaming fatigue, and also eliminates blood stasis. (Avoid iron vessels; fast for three days. Soak in ginger juice and stir-fry to prevent obstructing phlegm in the diaphragm.)
Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix) has a slightly warm nature, nourishes Kidney Yin and tonifies blood, benefits marrow and fills essence, darkens beard and hair. (Soak in wine and steam. Avoid iron vessels; fast for three days.)
Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix) has a sweet and cold nature, relieves thirst and removes irritability, tonifies the Heart and clears the Lungs, bringing peace when heat is present. (Soak in warm water, remove the heart to prevent irritability.)
Tian Men Dong (Asparagi Radix) has a sweet and cold nature, treats Lung atrophy and lung abscess, eliminates phlegm and stops cough, and is effective for panting and heat. (Soak in warm water, remove the heart and skin.)
Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma) has a bitter flavor, drains Heart fire and removes fullness, clears heat and brightens eyes, thickens intestines and stops dysentery. (Remove roots. Raw use drains Heart heat; wine-stir-fried thickens stomach/intestines; ginger-prepared stops vomiting.)
Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) has a bitter and cold nature, dry/rotten pieces drain Lung fire and clear the Large Intestine, suitable for both damp-heat. (Remove skin. Floating/dry pieces treat the Upper Jiao; solid strips treat the Lower Jiao.)
Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex) has a bitter and cold nature, descends fire and nourishes Yin, treats bone-steaming damp-heat and lower bleeding. (Remove coarse bark, slice. Can be honey-fried, wine-fried, human milk-fried, child urine-fried, or used raw according to the condition.)
Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus) has a cold nature, resolves depression and removes irritability, treats vomiting and epistaxis with stomach pain, lowers fire so urination becomes smooth. (To clear Upper Jiao stagnant heat, stir-fry slowly until black; to clear Triple Burner excess heat, use raw. It clears twisted/depressed fire.)
Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus) has a bitter and cold nature, eliminates carbuncle toxins, disperses qi aggregation and blood coagulation, and drives away damp-heat. (Remove the heart.)
Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) has a very cold nature, drains Stomach fire, treats thirst and headache, and resolves the muscle layer immediately.
Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) has a bitter flavor, removes heat and thirst, treats bone-steaming with sweating, and soothes phlegm-cough. (Remove hairs, avoid iron. Raw use drains Stomach fire; wine-fried drains Kidney fire.)
Bei Mu (Fritillariae Bulbus) has a slightly cold nature, stops cough and transforms phlegm, treats lung abscess and atrophy, opens depression and removes irritability. (Remove the heart.)
Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) has a bitter and cold nature, breaks blood and eliminates stasis, speeds up the diaphragm and unblocks Yang, breaks down accumulations. (Wine-stir-fried reaches the vertex; wine-washed reaches the stomach; raw use moves downward.)
Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas) has a bitter and cold nature, treats excess heat accumulations, eliminates phlegm and moistens dryness, unblocks constipation. (It is Psilomelum refined again, poured into basins to crystallize.)
Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) has a bitter flavor, drains Liver fire, treats alternating chills and fever, and malaria. (Remove the rhizome head.)
Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix) has a slightly cold nature, calms cough and eliminates phlegm, treats alternating chills/headache and fullness. (Remove rhizome head and hairs; soft ones are best.)
Sheng Ma ( Cimicifugae Rhizoma) has a cold nature, clears Stomach and detoxifies, lifts sinking Qi, and drives away toothache.
Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix) has a bitter flavor, treats sore/swollen throat, carries herbs upward, opens the chest and benefits congestion. (Remove the rhizome head.)
Zi Su (Perillae Folium) has a pungent flavor, releases the exterior from wind-cold; Zi Su Geng (stem) regulates Qi below, eliminating fullness.
Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) has a pungent flavor, releases the exterior and induces sweating, treats body heat and headache, disperses wind-cold. (Use Ma Huang Gen [root] to stop sweating.)
Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) has a sweet flavor, releases the exterior in Shang Han (Cold Damage), treats warm malaria with alternating chills, relieves thirst and resolves alcohol toxicity.
Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) has a pungent flavor, best clears the head and eyes, dispels wind and transforms phlegm, suitable for bone-steaming.
Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) has a sweet and warm nature, removes dizziness, treats joint bi-pain and various wind conditions with locked jaw. (Remove the rhizome head.)
Jing Jie (Schizonepetae Spica) has a pungent flavor, clears the head and eyes, induces sweat and dispels wind, treats sores and eliminates stasis.
Hua Shi (Talcum) is heavy and cold, its slipperiness benefits orifices, relieves thirst and removes irritability, treats damp-heat. (White ones are good; mixed colors are toxic.)
Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) has a pungent and warm nature, treats Shaoyin headache, benefits orifices and unblocks passages, used for wind-damp. (Remove the above-ground parts.)
Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) has a slightly warm nature, dispels wind and dampness, treats body pain and headache, relaxes sinews and activates bones.
Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) has a sweet and bitter flavor, treats stiff neck, damp-bi in both legs, and removes various winds.
Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) has a pungent and warm nature, treats Yangming headache, wind-heat itching, commonly used to expel pus.
Gao Ben (Ligustici Rhizoma) has a warm nature, removes pain at the vertex, dispels cold-damp, and screens out wind pathogens.
Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma) has a sweet flavor, moves Qi and opens depression, stops pain and regulates menstruation, also digests retained food. (Avoid iron; remove hairs from Broussonetia papyrifera bark.)
Myrrh (Myrrha) has a pungent and warm nature, treats abdominal distension/pain and frequent slippery urination, generally moves Qi.
Zhi Shi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) has a bitter flavor, digests food and removes fullness, breaks accumulations and transforms phlegm, powerful like breaking walls. (Soak in water until soft, slice, stir-fry with bran.)
Bai Kou Ren (Cardamomi Rotundus Semen) has a pungent and warm nature, eliminates miasma opacity, benefits Qi and harmonizes Yuan, stops vomiting and regurgitation.
Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus) has a slightly warm nature, moves Qi and widens the intestines, treats chest Qi knot and fullness. (Soak in water until soft, remove pulp, stir-fry with bran. Do not give to those with weak Qi/Blood as it damages Qi.)
Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) has a sweet and warm nature, directs Qi and widens the diaphragm, keeping the white part harmonizes the Spleen, removing the white part eliminates phlegm. (Wash with warm water. Do not soak long in water, or flavor is lost.)
Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) has a sweet and warm nature, strengthens the Spleen and dries dampness, induces sweat and widens the Middle, also dispels miasma epidemics. (Soak in rice washing water for two nights, rub off black skin, slice.)
Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride) has a bitter and cold nature, attacks Qi stagnation, cuts hardness and calms the Liver, stabilizes the Spleen and aids digestion. (Soak briefly in hot water until permeable, remove pulp, sun-dry.)
Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) has a bitter and warm nature, eliminates distension and fullness, treats phlegm-Qi dysentery, its efficacy is not slow. (Remove coarse bark, soak in ginger juice, stir-fry; some use raw.)
Nan Xing (Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum) has a hot nature, treats wind-phlegm, traumatic injuries, and wind diseases are all stabilized. (Soak thoroughly in ginger soup, slice, soak in ginger juice, stir-fry. Take 1 liang powder, put into a black bull gallbladder in the twelfth lunar month, mix well, hang in a windy place to dry; named Niu Dan Nan Xing.)
Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) has a pungent flavor, strengthens the Spleen and dries dampness, treats phlegm-paralysis headache, cough and vomiting. (Soak thoroughly in ginger soup; slice, soak in ginger juice, stir-fry. For wind diseases, soak thoroughly in decoction of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Alum, and Ginger, stir-fry dry.)
Huo Xiang (Agastaches Herba) has a pungent and warm nature, stops vomiting, releases exterior wind-cold, is the main herb for Huo Luan (Cholera).
Da Fu Pi (Arecae Pericarpium) has a slightly warm nature, descends diaphragmatic Qi, stabilizes the Stomach and strengthens the Spleen, eliminates edema. (Contains poison; wash with black bean juice, sun-dry.)
Bing Lang (Areca Semen) has a pungent and warm nature, breaks Qi and kills parasites, drives water and eliminates phlegm, specifically removes tenesmus.
Xiang Ru (Moslae Herba) has a pungent flavor, treats summerheat with difficult urination, Huo Luan edema, removes irritability and resolves heat.
Dou Dou (Phaseoli Semen) has a slightly cool nature, treats muscle cramps, vomiting, and diarrhea, descends Qi and harmonizes the Middle, resolves alcohol toxicity.
Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma) has a bitter and cold nature, reduces swelling and relieves thirst, dries dampness and unblocks strangury, stops genital sweating.
Zhu Ling (Polyporus) has a bland flavor, promotes urination and unblocks strangury, reduces swelling and dries dampness, long-term use damages the Kidney. (Remove sand/stones.)
Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis) has a cold nature, treats Small Intestine heat closure, benefits orifices and unblocks meridians, best at guiding stagnation. (Remove skin.)
Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen) has a cold nature, treats difficult urination and red eyes, unblocks urination, firms stool.
Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex) is cold, resolves the muscle layer and reduces fever, treats bone-steaming with sweating, strengthens Yin and cools blood.
Mu Gua (Chaenomelis Fructus) has a sour flavor, treats damp swelling and foot disease (Hong Kong foot), Huo Luan cramps, and weakness in feet/knees.
Wei Ling Xian (Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma) has a bitter and warm nature, treats cold pain in waist/knees, accumulated phlegm and masses, commonly used for wind-damp.
Mu Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex) has a bitter and cold nature, breaks blood and unblocks meridians, treats heat in the Blood level and bone-steaming without sweat.
Xuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix) has a bitter and cold nature, clears rootless fire, reduces swelling and bone-steaming, can also tonify the Kidney. (Choose firm, black flesh.)
Sha Shen (Glehniae Radix) has a bitter flavor, reduces swelling and expels pus, tonifies the Liver and benefits the Lungs, reduces fever and dispels wind.
Dan Shen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix) has a bitter flavor, breaks accumulations and regulates menstruation, generates new blood and removes evil, removes leukorrhea and metrorrhagia.
Ku Shen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix) has a bitter flavor, treats carbuncles, sores, scabies, lower bleeding and intestinal wind, eyebrow loss and red leprosy.
Long Dan Cao (Gentianae Radix) has a bitter and cold nature, treats red/painful eyes, Lower Jiao damp-swelling, Liver meridian heat/irritability.
Wu Jia Pi (Acanthopanacis Cortex) is cold, dispels wind and bi-pain, strengthens steps and sinews, benefits sinews and stops dribbling.
Fang Ji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix) has a cold nature, treats wind-damp leg pain, heat accumulation in the Bladder, reduces carbuncles and dissipates swelling. (Remove skin, soak in wine, wash.)
Di Yu (Sanguisorbae Radix) is heavy and cold. Suitable for blood heat, blood dysentery, leukorrhea/metrorrhagia, and metal wounds to stop pain. (Use less if Stomach is weak.)
Fu Shen (Poria cum Radice) tonifies the Heart, excels at calming palpitations, treats恍惚 (trance) and forgetfulness, removes anger/resentment. (Remove skin and wood.)
Yuan Zhi (Polygalae Radix) has a warm nature, drives away palpitations, calms the Spirit and settles the Heart, enhances memory. (Soak in Licorice decoction overnight until permeable, remove bone, bake dry.)
Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen) has a sour flavor, astringes sweat and removes irritability, use raw for hypersomnia, use stir-fried for insomnia. (Remove shell.)
Shi Pu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) has a warm nature, opens the Heart and benefits orifices, removes bi-pain and dispels wind, excellent for voice production.
Bai Zi Ren (Platycladi Semen) has a sweet flavor, tonifies the Heart and benefits Qi, astringes sweat and supports Yang, also removes palpitations.
Yi Zhi Ren (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus) has a pungent and warm nature, calms the Spirit and benefits Qi, treats enuresis/spermatorrhea and vomiting/reversal. (Remove shell.)
Gan Song (Nardostachys Radix et Rhizoma) has a fragrant flavor, excels at eliminating bad odors, bathing makes skin fragrant, cures heart/abdominal pain.
Xiao Hui Xiang (Foeniculi Fructus) has a warm nature, eliminates hernia, treats abdominal/lower back pain, harmonizes the Middle and warms the Stomach.
Da Hui Xiang (Anisi Stellati Fructus) has a pungent flavor, treats hernia and foot disease, bladder swelling/pain, stops vomiting and opens the appetite. (Soak in salt water, stir-fry.)
Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum) has a pungent flavor, releases exterior wind-cold on the surface; Pao Jiang (charred) is bitter and drives out cold, especially suitable for deficient heat.
Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) has a pungent and hot nature, moves freely without staying, treats cold limbs and reversal, has merit in restoring Yang. (Raw for cold limbs/restoring Yang; for guiding herbs through meridians, wrap in flour and roast over fire, remove skin/navel, cut into four slices, soak in child urine, sun-dry.)
Chuan Wu (Aconiti Radix) is very hot, searches for wind entering bones, treats damp-bi and cold pain, breaks accumulations.
Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix) has a slightly warm nature, disperses stagnation and harmonizes the Stomach, regulates various Qi, moves Liver and drains Lung.
Chen Xiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum) descends Qi, warms the Stomach and pursues evil, connects heaven and earth, praised for protecting Qi.
Ding Xiang (Caryophylli Flos) has a pungent and hot nature, eliminates cold vomiting, treats heart/abdominal pain, warming the defensive level is obvious. (Do not give to those with abundant Qi/Blood, as it tonifies Qi.)
Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) has a warm nature, nourishes the Stomach and promotes eating, stops pain and calms the fetus, unblocks meridians and breaks stagnation.
Lian Rou (Nelumbinis Plumula) has a sweet flavor, strengthens the Spleen and regulates the Stomach, stops diarrhea and astringes essence, clears the Heart and nourishes Qi.
Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex) has a pungent and hot nature, excellently unblocks blood vessels, treats abdominal pain and deficient cold, provides warming and tonification.
Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) is a small twig, moves horizontally in arms, stops sweating and relaxes sinews, treats hand/foot bi-pain.
Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus) has a pungent and hot nature, regulates hernia, treats umbilical/abdominal cold pain and acid water, comprehensively treats. (Remove stem, stir-fry.)
Yan Hu Suo (Corydalis Rhizoma) has a warm nature, treats sudden heart/abdominal pain, unblocks meridians and invigorates blood, treats falls/fractures and metrorrhagia.
Yi Yi Ren (Coicis Semen) has a sweet flavor, specifically eliminates damp-bi, tendon/joint spasms, lung abscess/atrophies. (Shell and clean.)
Rou Dou Kou (Myristicae Semen) has a pungent and warm nature, treats Spleen/Stomach deficient cold, unremitting diarrhea, efficacy is immediate. (Wrap in flour, roast熟, chop, wrap in paper, beat to remove oil.)
Cao Dou Kou (Kenmpferiae Galanga Semen) has a pungent and warm nature, treats cold invading the Stomach, pain/vomiting, cures anorexia.
He Zi (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus) has a bitter flavor, astringes intestines and stops dysentery, treats phlegm-cough/panting urgency, descends fire and astringes the Lung.
Cao Guo (Tsao-ko Fructus) has a pungent flavor, digests food and removes distension, intercepts malaria and drives phlegm, resolves warmth and repels miasma.
Chang Shan (Dichroae Radix) has a bitter and cold nature, intercepts malaria and damages phlegm, resolves Shang Han heat, relieves water swelling. (Soak in wine, slice.)
Liang Jiang (Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma) has a hot nature, descends Qi and warms the Middle, treats cramps/Huo Luan, attacks wine/food stagnation.
Shan Zha (Crataegi Fructus) has a sweet flavor, grinds and digests meat, treats hernia and promotes sores, reduces distension and strengthens the Stomach. (Stir-fry, moisten with warm water, remove seeds, take flesh.)
Shen Qu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) has a sweet flavor, opens the appetite and digests food, breaks knots and drives phlegm, harmonizes the Middle and descends Qi. (Stir-fry.)
Mai Ya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) has a sweet and warm nature, digests retained food, treats heart/abdominal distension, moves blood and disperses stagnation. (Germinate barley, stir-fry.)
Su Zi (Perillae Fructus) has a pungent flavor, drives phlegm and descends Qi, stops cough and calms panting, further moistens Heart/Lungs. (Stir-fry.)
Bai Jie Zi (Sinapis Semen) is pungent, specifically transforms胁 (hypochondriac) phlegm, malaria steaming and痞 (fullness) masses, taking it brings peace. (Stir-fry.)
Gan Sui (Kansui Radix) has a bitter and cold nature, breaks masses and transforms phlegm, facial edema and gu-distension, benefits water to bring peace. (Incompatible with Licorice.)
Da Ji (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix) has a sweet and bitter flavor, eliminates water and promotes urination, swelling and hardness, its effect is intense/dizzying. (Incompatible with Licorice, Sargassum.)
Yuan Hua (Genkae Flos) is cold and bitter, eliminates distension/gu, promotes water and drains dampness, stops cough and expectoration. (Incompatible with Licorice.)
Shang Lu (Phytolaccae Radix) has a pungent and sweet flavor, red and white differ; red reduces swelling, white promotes water Qi.
Hai Zao (Sargassum) has a salty and cold flavor, eliminates goiter and scrofula, removes distension and breaks masses, promotes water and unblocks closure. (Incompatible with Licorice.)
Qian Niu Zi (Pharbitidis Semen) has a bitter and cold nature, promotes water and reduces swelling, gu-distension and masses, disperses stagnation and removes congestion. (Contraindicated in pregnancy. Black belongs to Water, fast action; White belongs to Metal, slow action. Grind and take the first powder.)
Ting Li Zi (Lepidii Semen) has a bitter and pungent flavor, promotes water and reduces swelling, phlegm-cough and masses, treats panting and lung abscess.
Qu Mai (Dianthi Herba) has a pungent and cold nature, specifically eliminates strangury, can also abort fetus, unblocks meridians immediately.
San Leng (Sparganii Rhizoma) has a bitter flavor, benefits blood and eliminates masses, Qi stagnation causes pain, contraindicated in deficiency. (Soak in vinegar until permeable, stir-fry.)
E Zhu (Curcumae Rhizoma) is warm and bitter, excellently breaks masses, stops pain and eliminates stasis, most suitable for unblocking meridians. (Soak in vinegar, stir-fry.)
Wu Ling Zhi (Trogopterori Faeces) has a sweet flavor, blood dysentery and abdominal pain, use stir-fried to stop bleeding, use raw to move blood.
Gan Qi (Resina Draconis) has a pungent and warm nature, unblocks meridians and breaks masses, pursues accumulations and kills gu, efficacy like a galloping horse. (Stir-fry.)
Pu Huang (Typhae Pollen) has a sweet flavor, drives stasis and stops metrorrhagia, must be stir-fried to tonify blood, raw is suitable for breaking blood.
Su Mu (Santalum Rubrum) has a sweet and salty flavor, can move accumulated blood, treats postpartum menstruation, also treats falls/fractures.
Tao Ren (Persicae Semen) has a sweet and cold nature, moistens the Large Intestine, unblocks meridians and breaks stasis, treats blood masses. (Soak in water, remove skin/tips. Double-kernel seeds are toxic, do not use.)
Hong Hua (Carthami Flos) has a pungent and warm nature, best eliminates blood stasis, more doses unblock meridians, fewer doses tonify blood.
Jiang Huang (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma) has a pungent flavor, eliminates carbuncles and breaks blood, treats heart/abdominal pain, descends Qi most swiftly. (Large ones are Jiang Huang.)
Yu Jin (Curcumae Radix) has a bitter flavor, breaks blood and generates flesh, blood-strangury and bloody urine, relieves depression. (Small ones are Yu Jin.)
Jin Yin Hua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos) is sweet, treating carbuncles has no match; if unformed it disperses, if formed it suppurates.
Lou Lu (Radix Euphorbiae Humifusa) has a cold nature, removes evil sore toxins, tonifies blood and expels pus, generates flesh and grows tissue.
Ji Li (Tribuli Fructus) has a bitter flavor, treats sore itching, vitiligo/head sores, removes nebula so eyes become bright.
Bai Ji (Bletillae Rhizoma) has a bitter flavor, function is specifically astringent, treats swelling/toxins/sores, best in external medicine.
She Chuang Zi (Cnidii Fructus) has a bitter and pungent flavor, descends and warms the Middle, treats evil sores/scabies/leprosy, drives stasis and dispels wind.
Tian Ma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) has a pungent flavor, drives away dizziness, treats pediatric convulsions/epilepsy, spasms/paralysis.
Fu Zi (Gastrodiae Rhizoma - *Note: Text says Bai Fu, likely Gastrodia or Typhonium, context suggests Typhonium Rhizoma usually, but text says Bai Fu*): Has a pungent and warm nature, treats hundred diseases of the face, blood-bi wind-sores, various stroke symptoms.
Quan Xie (Scorpio) has a pungent flavor, repels wind-phlegm toxin, treats facial paralysis (mouth/eye skew), wind-epilepsy convulsions.
Chan Tui (Cicadae Periostracum) has a sweet and neutral flavor, eliminates wind and calms fright, kills giardia and removes heat, reduces nebula to clarify vision.
Jiang Can (Bombyx Batryticatus) has a salty flavor, various winds/convulsions/epilepsy, damp-phlegm throat obstruction, sore toxins/scars.
Mu Bie Zi (Momordicae Semen) has a sweet and warm nature, pursues sore toxins, mastitis/back pain, reduces swelling fastest. (Remove shell.)
Feng Fang (Vespa Nidus) has a salty and bitter flavor, convulsions/spasms, toothache/swelling toxins, scrofula/intestinal abscess.
Hua She (Bungarus multicinctus) is warm/toxic, treats paralysis/skew, major wind/leprosy/scabies, various toxins are better cured.
Huai Hua (Sophorae Flos) has a bitter flavor, hemorrhoids/fistulas/intestinal wind, Large Intestine heat dysentery, also kills roundworms.
Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus) is pungent, eliminates sore toxins, urticaria/wind-heat, drives away sore throat. (Also known as Niu Bang Zi, Da Li Zi.)
Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba) has a bitter flavor, retreats dampness and removes jaundice, drains dampness and promotes water, clears heat and is cool.
Man Jing Zi (Vitalbae Fructus) has a bitter flavor, treats headaches, spasms/damp-bi, removes tearing eyes.
Lou Lu (Aristolochiae Fructus) has a bitter and cold nature, can fumigate hemorrhoids/fistulas, calms panting and transforms phlegm, Lung heat chronic cough.
Bai He (Lilii Bulbus) has a sweet flavor, calms the Heart and stabilizes the Gallbladder, stops cough and reduces floating, carbuncles/ulcers can be eaten.
Qin Jiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix) has a slightly cold nature, dries dampness and nourishes sinews, limb/joint wind-pain, lower bleeding/bone-steaming.
Zi Wan (Adenophorae Radix) has a bitter and pungent flavor, phlegm-panting/cough reversal, Lung phlegm/hemoptysis, balances cold/heat (wash in wine).
Kuan Dong Hua (Farfarae Flos) has a sweet and warm nature, regulates the Lung and transforms phlegm, lung abscess/panting-cough, tonifies labor and removes irritability.
Jin Fei Cao (Inulae Flos) is cold, transforms phlegm and stops cough, brightens eyes and dispels wind, driving water is especially wonderful.
Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex) has a sweet and pungent flavor, stops cough and calms panting, drains Lung fire/evil, its merit is profound. (Remove red skin.)
Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) is warm and bitter, wind-phlegm/panting-cough, Large Intestine Qi closure, essential for difficult defecation. (Soak in water, remove skin/tips. Double-kernel seeds are toxic, do not use.)
Wu Mei (Mume Fructus) has a sour and warm nature, astringes Lung Qi, relieves thirst and generates fluids, stabilizes dysentery.
Tian Hua Fen (Trichosanthis Radix) is cold, relieves thirst and removes irritability, expels pus and detoxifies, excellently removes heat-phlegm. (i.e., Trichosanthes root.)
Mi Meng Hua (Gymnosporiae Flos) is sweet, primarily brightens eyes, deficient nebula/blindness, efficacy is rapid.
Ju Hua (Chrysanthemi Flos) has a sweet flavor, removes heat and dispels wind, dizziness/red eyes, stops tears effectively. (Small yellow flowers from home gardens, sweet ones are best, soak in wine and sun-dry.)
Mu Zei (Equiseti Herba) has a sweet flavor, benefits the Liver and reduces nebula, can stop menstruation, further clears accumulations.
Jue Ming Zi (Cassiae Semen) is sweet, removes Liver heat, eye pain/stops tears, still stops nosebleeds.
Ling Yang Jiao (Antilopis Cornu) is cold, brightens eyes and clears the Liver, repels fright and detoxifies, tonifies wisdom and calms.
Gui Jia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum) has a sweet flavor, nourishes Yin and tonifies the Kidney, removes metrorrhagia and reconnects sinews, further treats cranial fontanelle issues.
Bie Jia (Trionycis Carapax) has a sour and neutral flavor, labor-cough/bone-steaming, disperses stasis and reduces swelling, removes fullness and metrorrhagia.
Hai Piao Xiao (Sepiae Endoconcha) is salty, breaks blood and removes masses, unblocks meridians/edema, eye nebula/heart pain.
Xi Jiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu) has a sour and cold nature, replaces toxicity and repels evil, resolves heat and stops bleeding, reduces swelling/snake venom.
Huo Ma Ren (Canavopsis Semen) has a sweet flavor, promotes lactation and induces birth, moistens intestines and unblocks constipation, promotes urination.
Shan Dou Gen (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix) is bitter, treats sore/swollen throat, applies to snake/insect bites, can save emergencies. (Commonly called Mi Yao Shi. Use root, chew juice and swallow, stops throat soreness/swelling.)
Yi Mu Cao (Leonuri Herba) is sweet, main for gynecology, postpartum/prenatal, generates new blood and removes stasis. (Avoid iron vessels.)
Zi Cao (Arnebiae Radix et Rhizoma / Lithospermi Radix) has a bitter and cold nature, can unblock nine orifices, promotes water and reduces distension, essential for acne/rashes.
Di Fu Zi (Kochiae Fructus) is cold, removes Bladder heat, skin itching, removes heat very swiftly.
Lian Gen (Meliae Radix) has a cold nature, pursues various worms, pain stops immediately, accumulations unblock instantly.
Chu Gen (Toosendan Cortex) has a bitter flavor, dysentery/leukorrhea/metrorrhagia, intestinal wind/hemorrhoids, dries dampness and astringes essence.
Ze Lan (Lycopus Herba) has a sweet and bitter flavor, eliminates carbuncles/swelling, treats bruises/injuries, limb edema.
Gua Di (Momordicae Fructus) has a bitter and cold nature, excels at inducing vomiting of phlegm, reduces body edema, also treats jaundice.
Ba Dou (Crotonis Fructus) has a pungent and hot nature, removes Stomach cold accumulations, breaks masses and eliminates pain, greatly promotes unblocking. (Remove skin/heart/membrane, use raw or cooked as desired.)
Ya Zao (Glycyrrhiza Uralensis - *Text implies Glycyrrhiza or similar pod, actually Ya Zao is Glycyrrhiza uralensis root with nodes, often confused, but here refers to Glycyrrhiza uralensis var. glandulosa or similar "Tooth Soap"*): Has a pungent flavor, unblocks blood/orifices, applies to swelling/expels pus,妙 (wonderful) for inducing vomiting of wind-phlegm.
Ban Mao (Mylabris) is toxic, breaks masses/unblocks meridians, various sores/scrofula, promotes water passages.
Hu Huang Lian (Picrorhizae Rhizoma) is bitter, treats labor/bone-steaming, pediatric giardia/dysentery, night sweats/deficient fright.
Shi Jun Zi (Quisqualis Fructus) has a sweet and warm nature, eliminates giardia and clears turbidity, dysentery/various worms, can completely remove. (Roast, remove shell, take flesh.)