冲为血海。任为胞络。肾气全盛。二脉通流。经血丰盈。应时而下。谓之月水。乃和平
之气
。常以三旬一见。像月盈而亏。不失常度之谓如期。外为血气所干。内为七情所郁。于是有
经病焉。然经病亦有不同。有月候不调者。有月候不通者。而不调不通。有兼疼痛者。有兼
发热者。此分为四也。然四者之中。若细推之不调有趱前。有退后。不通有血滞。有血枯。
疼痛有常时作痛。有经前经后作痛。发热有常时发热。经行发热。此又分为八也。又有先期
而来者。血热也。其色紫者。亦血热也。紫黑有块。热之甚也。后期而来者。血虚也。其色
淡者。亦血虚也。或先或后。色淡而稠粘者。痰也。或止或来。无定期者。因气不调。故血
亦随之为行止也。或一月两至。或数日一至。不可以月论者。气虚血热也。或经来之后。累
数日而不能止者。乃血海脱滑。兼火有以动之也。既止之后。隔三四日而复见微血者。以旧血
未尽。为新生之血所催。故不能容而复出也。可随症施治之。
凡妇人脉。常欲濡弱于丈夫。惟尺脉盛。而右手大是其常也。反此是逆。
温经汤 治妇人冲任虚损。月事不调。行经作痛腰疼腹冷。久不受胎。崩漏去血。
当归 赤芍 肉桂 川芎 人参（各一钱二分） 莪术 牛膝 丹皮 甘草（各一钱） 生
姜五片。空心煎服。
凉血四物汤 治月信先期而来。及紫黑色者。
当归 黄连 山栀 香附 槐花 川芎（各一钱） 白芍 生地（各二钱） 灯心三十茎。
调荣四物汤 治月信过期而来。及其色如淡红水者。
熟地 当归（各二钱） 北五味 蕲艾 香附 败龟板（各一钱酥炙） 麦门冬（八分去心
）大枣二枚。空心服。
调经固荣汤 治月信色淡而稠粘。肚腹疼痛。
白茯苓 橘红 乌药 香附 枳壳（各八分） 当归 白芍 宿砂 熟地 半夏（各一钱
二分） 大枣五枚。食前服。
琥珀散 治月水凝滞。腹胁胀满疼痛。并血逆攻心眩晕。
琥珀 乌药 蓬术 刘寄奴 白芍（各五钱） 肉桂（二钱） 丹皮 当归 生地 玄胡索
上为末。每服三钱。空心砂仁汤调下。
珍宝饮 治月信。一月两至。或数日一至者。
当归 白芍 人参 白茯苓 生地（各一钱） 蒲黄（二钱炒黑） 香附 川芎 白术 甘
草黄连（各八分） 大枣二枚。食前温服。
保荣汤 治月信。每次数日不能止。或隔几日复见微红。
当归 山栀（炒黑） 地榆 牡蛎（各一钱） 侧柏叶 川芎 赤芍 生地（各一钱二分）
灯心三十茎。空心煎服。
和荣艾附汤 治一切经水不调。或先或后。久不孕育。
当归 川芎 条芩 香附 阿胶（各一钱五分） 黄连 知母 甘草 泽兰叶 白芍（各
八分） 大枣五枚空心煎服。
宝珍丸 调经种子。平和气血。滋补真元。温暖子宫。
牡蛎（ ） 桂心 当归 龙齿（ ） 益智仁 乌药（各一两） 杜仲 石菖蒲 山茱萸
茯神
石英（各八钱）
上为末。蜜丸。每服三钱。空心白滚汤送下。
Chong (Penetrating) vessel is the Sea of Blood. Ren (Conception) vessel is the collateral network of the uterus (Bao Luo). When Kidney Qi is fully abundant, these two vessels flow smoothly, menstrual blood becomes plentiful, and flows down on time, called Yue Shui (Menstruation), which represents Harmonious Qi. It typically occurs once every thirty days, resembling the waxing and waning of the moon; not deviating from this regular rhythm is termed "on schedule." External interference by Blood and Qi, or internal stagnation due to the Seven Emotions (Joy, Anger, Worry, Thought, Sorrow, Fear, Fright), leads to Menstrual Disorders. However, menstrual disorders vary: there are those with irregular cycles, and those with amenorrhea (absence of menstruation). Among irregularity and amenorrhea, some are accompanied by pain, and some by fever; this constitutes four categories. Within these four, upon detailed analysis: irregularity includes early onset and late onset; amenorrhea includes Blood Stasis and Blood Deficiency (Emaciation); pain includes pain occurring at usual times, and pain occurring before or after menstruation; fever includes fever at usual times and fever during menstruation; this further divides into eight types. Early onset indicates Blood Heat. Purple color also indicates Blood Heat. Dark purple with clots indicates severe Heat. Late onset indicates Blood Deficiency. Pale color also indicates Blood Deficiency. Irregular timing with pale but viscous consistency indicates Phlegm. Intermittent flow without a fixed schedule indicates Disharmony of Qi, causing Blood to follow in its movement and cessation. Flow occurring twice a month or every few days, which cannot be judged by monthly standards, indicates Qi Deficiency combined with Blood Heat. Prolonged bleeding lasting several days after onset indicates Slippage of the Sea of Blood, combined with Fire disturbing it. Bleeding that reappears as slight spotting three or four days after cessation indicates that old blood has not fully cleared and is urged out by newly generated blood, thus unable to be contained and re-emerging. Treatment should be administered according to symptoms.
Generally, women's pulses are often softer and weaker than men's, except for the Chi (Cun Kou position near the wrist crease, reflecting Kidney and Mingmen) pulse being vigorous, and the Right hand pulse being larger; this is normal. Deviation from this is considered Inverse (Nì).
Wen Jing Tang (Warm the Meridian Decoction): Treats deficiency and damage to the Chong and Ren vessels in women, menstrual irregularities, abdominal and lower back pain with cold abdomen during menstruation, infertility over a long period, and metrorrhagia (Beng Lou) with blood loss.
Ingredients: Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chi Shao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) (each 1.2 qian); E Zhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (each 1 qian); Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) five slices. Decoct and take on an empty stomach.
Liang Xue Si Wu Tang (Cool Blood Four Substances Decoction): Treats early menstruation and dark purple-black blood.
Ingredients: Dang Gui, Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Shan Zhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma), Huai Hua (Sophorae Flos), Chuan Xiong (each 1 qian); Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) (each 2 qian); Deng Xin Cao (Junci Medulla) thirty stems.
Tiao Rong Si Wu Tang (Regulate Prosperity Four Substances Decoction): Treats delayed menstruation and blood color like pale red water.
Ingredients: Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix), Dang Gui (each 2 qian); Bei Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus), Qi Ai (Artemisiae Argyi Folium), Xiang Fu, Bai Gui Ban (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, roasted with su) (each 1 qian); Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed) (8 fen); Da Zao (Ziziphi Jujubae Fructus) two pieces. Take on an empty stomach.
Tiao Jing Gu Rong Tang (Regulate Menses Secure Prosperity Decoction): Treats pale and viscous menstrual blood with abdominal pain.
Ingredients: Bai Fu Ling (Poria), Ju Hong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Wu Yao (Linderae Radix), Xiang Fu, Zhi Qiao (Aurantii Fructus) (each 8 fen); Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Su Sha (Amomi Fructus), Shu Di Huang, Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) (each 1.2 qian); Da Zao five pieces. Take before meals.
Hu Po San (Succinum Powder): Treats stagnant menstruation with abdominal and hypochondriac fullness and pain, and dizziness caused by Blood rebellion attacking the Heart.
Ingredients: Hu Po (Succinum), Wu Yao, Peng Zhu (E Zhu), Liu Ji Nu (Johnstonea Root), Bai Shao (each 5 qian); Rou Gui (2 qian); Dan Pi, Dang Gui, Sheng Di Huang, Yuan Hu Suo (Corydalis Rhizoma).
Preparation: Grind into powder. Take 3 qian per dose, mixed with Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus) decoction on an empty stomach.
Zhen Bao Yin (Precious Treasure Drink): Treats menstruation occurring twice a month or every few days.
Ingredients: Dang Gui, Bai Shao, Ren Shen, Bai Fu Ling, Sheng Di Huang (each 1 qian); Pu Huang (Typhae Pollen, stir-fried black) (2 qian); Xiang Fu, Chuan Xiong, Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Gan Cao, Huang Lian (each 8 fen); Da Zao two pieces. Take warm before meals.
Bao Rong Tang (Secure Prosperity Decoction): Treats menstruation lasting several days without stopping, or slight red discharge appearing again after a few days.
Ingredients: Dang Gui, Shan Zhi (stir-fried black), Di Yu (Sanguisorbae Radix), Mu Li (Ostreae Concha) (each 1 qian); Ce Bai Ye (Biota Top Leaf), Chuan Xiong, Chi Shao, Sheng Di Huang (each 1.2 qian); Deng Xin Cao thirty stems. Decoct and take on an empty stomach.
He Rong Ai Fu Tang (Harmonize Prosperity Mugwort and Cyperi Decoction): Treats all kinds of menstrual irregularities, whether early or late, leading to long-term infertility.
Ingredients: Dang Gui, Chuan Xiong, Tiao Qin (Huang Qin / Scutellariae Radix), Xiang Fu, E Jiao (Asini Corii Colla) (each 1.5 qian); Huang Lian, Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Gan Cao, Ze Lan Ye (Lycopersici Herba), Bai Shao (each 8 fen); Da Zao five pieces. Decoct and take on an empty stomach.
Bao Zhen Wan (Precious Treasure Pill): Regulates menstruation, aids conception. Harmonizes Qi and Blood, tonifies True Yuan, warms the uterus.
Ingredients: Mu Li, Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Cortex interior), Dang Gui, Long Chi (Draconis Os), Yi Zhi Ren (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus), Wu Yao (each 1 liang); Du Zhong (Eucommiae Cortex), Shi Chang Pu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma), Shan Zhu Yu (Corni Fructus), Fu Shen (Poria cum Radix), Shi Ying (Quartzum) (each 8 qian).
Preparation: Grind into powder, make pills with honey. Take 3 qian per dose, washed down with plain boiled water on an empty stomach.