经闭者。言新血滞而不流。旧血凝而日积。脐腹腰多痛。血瘕。血风。与热入血室之症
。多自此始也。然要其闭之之由。或月事将临之时。适感暴怒。肝气一发。血随气升而不下。亦
令经闭。或月事适至之时。因渴饮水。并食生冷之物。及坐水中洗浴。寒气入内。血则凝滞
。亦能令人闭经也。或因堕胎多产。而伤其血。或因久患潮热。而消其血。或因久热盗汗。
而耗其血。或因脾胃不和。饮食减少。而不能生血。或因思虑悲哀过极。致心脾亏损。而不
能养血。凡此之类皆能令人经闭。其有肥白妇人。月事不通者。必是湿痰与脂膜壅滞之故
也
。若闺女经闭多因恣食盐酸煎炒。或逾年未嫁。或年未笄而思男。思伤心血也。寡妇经闭。
因郁闷百端。心火无时不起。或加之饮食浓味。遂成痰火。其症乍寒乍热。面赤心烦。或时
自汗。当随所因而治之。其可一例施乎。
脉左寸沉心病。右寸弦。关脉沉肝病。两寸弱小属虚。属实寸关调如故。尺绝不至者。
月水不利。
疏通饮 治因感暴怒。以至经闭者。
青皮 官桂 木香（各一钱） 当归 香附 红花 山楂 桃仁（各二钱） 酒煎空心服。
立行饮 治因食生冷。以至经闭者。
官桂（三钱） 干姜 广木香 玄胡索（各一钱） 牛膝 蓬术 归尾 山楂（各一钱五分）
酒煎空心热服。
活血行经汤 治因坐冷水。而得寒气。以至经闭。
大附子 官桂（各一钱五分） 浓朴 香附 桃仁 红花 山楂 当归（各二钱） 生姜五
片煎服。
逍遥散 治寡妇经闭。
白茯苓 白术 甘草 白芍 柴胡（各一钱） 归尾（三钱） 薄荷（八分） 煨姜（二钱）
酒水各一钟。空心服。
大黄膏子 治闺女经闭。
大黄（四两酒浸焙干）
上为末。以醋一碗。熬成膏为丸。如芡实大。每服一丸。空心酒调下。
通经丸 一切经水不通。面黄肌瘦。
桂心 当归 川乌（炒） 青皮（干漆炒） 大黄（酒蒸） 川椒 莪术 桃仁 干姜（各等分
上为末。以米醋为丸。如梧桐子。每服三十丸。好酒送下。
牛膝散 治月水不通。脐腹作痛。或小腹引腰气攻致胸膈。
牛膝 官桂 赤芍 玄胡索 桃仁（各一两） 归尾 丹皮 广木香（各一两五钱）
上为末。每服三钱。空心温酒调下。
又方 治月信经年不来。久久不通。寻常药服之不效者。
斑蝥 僵蚕 虻虫 水蛭（各十四个） 土牛膝（五钱） 当归 红花（各三钱） 滑石（二
上为末。每服一钱五分。桃仁七枚研细。空心温酒送下。
通经奇方 治一切经闭。
玉簪花（并叶） 急性子 乳香 没药（各等分）
上为末。以烧酒为丸。每服二钱。空心热酒下。
Amenorrhea refers to the condition where newly formed blood stagnates and fails to flow, while old blood coagulates and accumulates day by day. Patients often experience pain in the umbilical region, abdomen, and lower back, accompanied by blood masses (abdominal masses), wind-blood disorders (wind-pathogens related to blood stasis), and heat entering the blood chamber (heat pathogen invading the uterus). These conditions often originate from amenorrhea.
However, investigating the causes of amenorrhea: some cases occur when a woman experiences sudden anger just as her menstruation is about to begin. The liver qi rises excessively, causing blood to ascend with the qi rather than descend, leading to amenorrhea. In other cases, menstruation has just started, but due to drinking water because of thirst, consuming raw and cold foods, or bathing in cold water, cold pathogens enter the interior. This causes blood to coagulate and stagnate, also resulting in amenorrhea.
Some cases result from damage to the blood due to abortions or multiple childbirths. Others arise from chronic tidal fevers that consume the blood, or from prolonged fever and night sweats that deplete the blood. Some stem from disharmony between the spleen and stomach, reduced dietary intake, and an inability to generate blood. Still others are caused by excessive worry and sorrow, leading to deficiency of the heart and spleen, and an inability to nourish the blood. All such factors can lead to amenorrhea.
In women who are obese and have a fair complexion, if menstruation does not flow, it is invariably due to obstruction by damp-phlegm and lipid membranes.
For unmarried girls, amenorrhea is often caused by indulging in sour, salty, fried, or roasted foods, remaining unmarried for over a year, or harboring desires for men before reaching adulthood (the age of fifteen). Excessive thinking damages the heart blood. For widows, amenorrhea results from various forms of depression, causing heart fire to flare up intermittently. If combined with a diet rich in strong flavors, phlegm-fire may form. Symptoms include alternating chills and fever, facial redness, mental restlessness, and spontaneous sweating. Treatment must be tailored to the specific cause; can one apply a single method uniformly?
Regarding pulse diagnosis: A deep pulse at the left cun position indicates heart disease; a wiry pulse at the right cun position and a deep pulse at the guan position indicate liver disease. Weak and small pulses at both cun positions suggest deficiency. If the condition is excess, the cun and guan pulses remain regular. If the chi pulse is absent or imperceptible, it indicates difficulty in menstruation.
Shutong Yin (Unblocking Drink): Treats amenorrhea caused by sudden anger.
Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel), Guigui (Cinnamon Twig), Muxiang (Costus Root) (each 1 qian); Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome), Honghua (Safflower), Shanzha (Hawthorn Fruit), Taoren (Peach Seed) (each 2 qian). Decoct with wine and take on an empty stomach.
Lixing Yin (Rapid Flowing Drink): Treats amenorrhea caused by consuming raw and cold foods.
Guigui (Cinnamon Twig) (3 qian); Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Guangmuxiang (Aucklandia Root), Xuanshusuo (Corydalis Rhizome) (each 1 qian); Niuxi (Achyranthes Root), Pengzhu (Curcuma Zedoaria), Guiwei (Angelica Sinensis Tail), Shanzha (Hawthorn Fruit) (each 1.5 qian). Decoct with wine and take hot on an empty stomach.
Huoxue Jingjing Tang (Blood-Invigorating Menstruation-Decurring Decoction): Treats amenorrhea caused by exposure to cold from sitting in cold water.
Da Fuzi (Large Prepared Aconite Root), Guigui (Cinnamon Twig) (each 1.5 qian); Nongpu (Magnolia Bark), Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome), Taoren (Peach Seed), Honghua (Safflower), Shanzha (Hawthorn Fruit), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) (each 2 qian); add five slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger). Decoct and take orally.
Xiaoyao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder): Treats amenorrhea in widows.
Baifuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Gancao (Licorice Root), Baishao (White Peony Root), Chaihu (Bupleurum Root) (each 1 qian); Guiwei (Angelica Sinensis Tail) (3 qian); Bohe (Mint) (0.8 fen); Weijiang (Roasted Ginger) (2 qian). Decoct with equal parts of wine and water, take on an empty stomach.
Dahuang Gaozi (Rhubarb Paste Pills): Treats amenorrhea in unmarried girls.
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) (4 liang, soaked in wine, baked dry).
Grind into powder. Boil with one bowl of vinegar until it becomes a paste, then form pills the size of quail eggs. Take one pill per dose, mixed with wine on an empty stomach.
Tongjing Wan (Menstruation-Unblocking Pills): Treats all cases of menstrual obstruction, sallow complexion, and emaciation.
Guixin (Cinnamon Heart), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Chuannwu (Aconitum Carmichaelii Root, stir-fried), Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel, stir-fried with Dry Lacquer), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, steamed with wine), Chuanjiao (Sichuan Pepper), Ezhu (Curcuma Zedoaria), Taoren (Peach Seed), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (equal proportions).
Grind into powder. Form pills using rice vinegar, sized like paulownia seeds. Take thirty pills per dose, delivered with good wine.
Niuxi San (Achyranthes Powder): Treats menstrual obstruction with pain in the umbilical and abdominal regions, or pain radiating from the lower abdomen to the waist and attacking the chest and diaphragm.
Niuxi (Achyranthes Root), Guigui (Cinnamon Twig), Chishao (Red Peony Root), Xuanshusuo (Corydalis Rhizome), Taoren (Peach Seed) (each 1 liang); Guiwei (Angelica Sinensis Tail), Danpi (Moutan Cortex), Guangmuxiang (Aucklandia Root) (each 1.5 liang).
Grind into powder. Take 3 qian per dose, mixed with warm wine on an empty stomach.
Another Prescription: Treats amenorrhea lasting several years, long-standing obstruction, which has not responded to ordinary medications.
Banmao (Mylabris), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), Mengchong (Bladderfly), Shuizhi (Leech) (each 14 units); Tuniuqi (Wild Achyranthes Root) (5 qian); Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Honghua (Safflower) (each 3 qian); Huashi (Talcum) (2 qian).
Grind into powder. Take 1.5 qian per dose, mixed with seven crushed peach kernels and warm wine on an empty stomach.
Tongjing Qifang (Extraordinary Formula for Unblocking Menstruation): Treats all types of amenorrhea.
Yuzanhua (Hosta Flower) (including leaves), Jixingzi (Passionflower Seed), Ruxiang (Frankincense), Moyao (Myrrh) (equal proportions).
Grind into powder. Form pills using high-proof liquor. Take 2 qian per dose, taken hot with wine on an empty stomach.