泄泻，有湿、火、气虚、痰积。湿用四苓散加苍术，甚者苍白二术同加，炒
用燥湿兼渗泄；
火用四苓散加木通、黄芩，伐火利小水；痰积宜豁之，用海粉、青黛、黄芩，神曲糊丸服
之。在上者用吐提，在下陷者宜升提之，用升麻、防风；气虚，用人参、白术炒芍药、升麻；
食积，二陈汤和泽泻、苍术、白术、山楂、神曲、川芎，或吞保和丸；泻水多者，仍用五苓散
；久病大肠气泄，用熟地黄半两，炒白芍、知母各三钱，升麻、干姜各二钱，炙甘草一钱为末
，粥丸服之。仍用艾炷如麦粒，于百会穴灸三壮。脾泻当补脾气，健运复常，用炒白术四
两，炒神曲三两，炒芍药三两半，冬月及春初，用肉蔻代之，或散或汤，作饼子尤佳。食积
作泻，宜再下之，神曲、大黄作丸子服。脾泄已久，大肠不禁，此脾已脱，宜急涩之，以赤
石脂、肉豆蔻、干姜之类。
戴云∶凡泻水，腹不痛者，是湿；饮食入胃不住，或完谷不化者，是气虚；腹痛泻水肠
鸣，痛一阵泻一阵，是火；或泻时或不泻，或多或少，是痰；腹痛甚而泻，泻后痛减者，是
入方
一老人奉养太过，饮食伤脾，常常泄泻，亦是脾泄。
黄芩（炒，半两） 白术（炒，二两） 白芍（酒拌炒） 半夏（各一两，泡） 神曲（炒） 山楂（炒，各一两
半）
上为末，青荷叶包饭烧熟，研丸如梧子大。食前白汤下。
一老人年七十，面白，脉弦数，独胃脉沉滑，因饮白酒作痢，下血淡脓水，腹痛，小便
不
二日前证俱减，独小便不利。以益元散与之，安。
治痛泄
炒白术（三两） 炒芍药（二两） 炒陈皮（两半）防风（一两）
久泻，加升麻六钱。上锉。分八帖，水煎或丸服。
止泻方姜曲丸
隔年陈麦面作曲（二两，炒。又一两） 茴香（五钱） 生姜（二两，又一两）
上为末或丸。每服五七钱，白汤下。
又方
肉豆蔻（五两） 滑石（夏二两半，秋二两，春、冬一两二钱半）
上为末，饭丸。或水调服。
清六丸 去三焦湿热，治泄泻多与清化丸同用，并不单用，兼治产后腹痛或自利者。能
补脾补血，亦治血痢。
六一散（一料） 红曲（炒，半两，活血。又云二两半）
上为末，饭丸梧子大。每五七十丸，白汤下。
又方 治泄泻，或呕吐。
上以六一散生姜汁入汤调服。
〔附录〕寒泄，寒气在腹，攻刺作痛，洞下清水，腹内雷鸣，米饮不化者，理中汤，或吞
大
烦渴，小便不利，宜五苓散，吞香连丸；湿泻由坐卧湿处，以致湿气伤脾，土不克水，梅雨
久阴，多有此病，宜除湿汤，吞戊己丸，佐以胃芩汤，重者术附汤；伤食泻，因饮食过多，
有伤脾气，遂成泄泻，其人必噫气，如败卵臭，宜治中汤加砂仁半钱，或吞感应丸尤当；有
脾气久虚，不受饮食者，食毕即肠鸣腹急，尽下所食物，才方宽快，不食则无事，俗名禄食
泻，经年不愈，宜快脾丸三五粒；因伤于酒，每晨起必泻者，宜理中汤加干葛，或吞酒煮黄
连丸；因伤面而泻者，养胃汤加萝卜子（炒研破）一钱。痛者，更加木香半钱；泻甚者，去藿
香，加炮姜半
钱。有每日五更初洞泻，服止泻药，并无效，米饮下五味丸，或专以五味子煎饮，亦治脾肾
泻。虽省即饮食忌口，但得日间上半夜无事，近五更其泻复作，此病在肾，俗呼为脾肾泻，
分水饮下二神丸，及椒朴丸，或平胃散下小茴香丸。病久而重，其人虚甚，宜椒附汤；暑泻
，因中暑热者，宜胃芩汤或五苓散，加车前子末少许甚效。世俗类用涩药，治痢与泻。若积久而
虚者，或可行之；初得之者，必变他疾，为祸不小。殊不知多因于湿，惟分利小水，最为上
附方
四苓散（即五苓散内去桂）
五苓散 益元散 并见中暑类。
理中汤 见中寒类。
大已寒丸
荜茇 肉桂（各四两） 干姜（炮） 高良姜（各六两）
上为末，水煮，面糊丸梧子大。每三十丸，空心米饮吞下。
八味汤
吴茱萸（汤洗七次） 干姜（炮，各二两） 陈皮 木香 肉桂 丁香 人参 当归（洗焙，各
上锉。每四钱，水一盏，煎七分，温服。
香连丸
黄连（去须，十两，用吴茱萸五两同炒赤色，去茱萸不用） 木香（二两四钱，不见火）
上为末，醋糊丸梧子大。每二十丸，空心米饮下。
升阳除湿汤
升麻 柴胡 防风 神曲 泽泻 猪苓（各半两） 苍术（一两） 陈皮 甘草（炙） 大麦
面（各三钱）
上作一服，水煎，饭后热服。胃寒肠鸣，加益智仁、半夏各半钱，姜枣煎。非肠鸣不用
戊己丸 治胃经受热，泄痢不止。
黄连 吴茱萸（去梗，炒） 白芍（各五两）
上为末，面糊丸梧子大。每三十丸，米饮下。
胃苓汤 夏秋之间，脾胃伤冷，水谷不分，泄泻不止。
五苓散 平胃散
上合和姜枣煎，空心服。
术附汤（《和剂》）
甘草（二两，炙） 白术（四两） 附子（炮，一两半）
上锉。每服三钱，姜五片，枣一枚煎，空心服。
治中汤 见脾胃类。
感应丸（出《宝鉴》）
木香 肉豆蔻 丁香（各一两半）干姜（炮，一两） 巴豆（七十个，去皮、心、膜，研出油） 杏仁
（百四个汤浸，去皮尖研）
上前四味为末，外入百草霜二两研，与巴豆、杏仁七味同和匀，用好蜡六两，溶化成汁
，以重绢滤去渣，更以好酒一升，于银石器内煮蜡数沸
，倾出待酒冷，其蜡自浮于上，取蜡称用。春夏修合。用清油一两，
铫内熬令末散香熟，次下酒煮蜡四两，同化成汁，就铫内乘热拌和前项药末。秋六修合。
清油一两半同煎，煮熟成汁，和匀药末成剂，分作小铤子，油纸裹，旋丸服之。每三十丸
，空心姜汤下。
保和丸 见积聚类。
酒蒸黄连丸
黄连（半斤，净酒二升浸，以瓦器置甑上蒸至烂，取出晒干）
上为末，滴水丸。每五十丸，食前温水下。
养胃汤 见疟类。
五味子散 治肾泄。
五味子（二两） 吴茱萸（半两，细口绿色者）
上二味炒香熟为度，细末。每服二钱，陈米饮下。有一亲识，每五更初晓时，必溏泄一
次，此名肾泻，服此愈。
椒附丸（《微义》）
椒红（炒） 桑螵蛸（炙） 龙骨 山茱萸（取肉） 附子（炮） 鹿茸（酒蒸，焙）
上为末，酒糊丸。每六十，空心。
二神丸
破故纸（炒，四两） 肉豆蔻（二两，生）
上为末，以大肥枣四十九个、生姜四两，切，同煮，枣烂，去姜取枣肉，研膏入药，和
丸。每五十丸，盐汤下。
Diarrhea is caused by dampness, fire, qi deficiency, and phlegm accumulation. For dampness, Si Ling San (Four-Poria Decoction) is used with added Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma); for severe cases, Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) and Cang Zhu are added together and stir-fried to dry dampness and promote diuresis. For fire, Si Ling San is used with added Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis) and Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) to clear fire and benefit urination. For phlegm accumulation, it should be resolved using Hai Fen (Halloysitum Rubrum), Qing Dai (Indici Folium), and Huang Qin, formed into pills with Shen Qu (Medicated Leaven). For lesions in the upper jiao, emesis is used to lift; for sinking in the lower jiao, lifting is appropriate, using Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix). For qi deficiency, Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Bai Zhu, Chao Shao Yao (Stir-fried Paeoniae Radix Alba), and Sheng Ma are used. For food stagnation, Er Chen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) is combined with Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Cang Zhu, Bai Zhu, Shan Zha (Crataegi Fructus), Shen Qu, and Chuan Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), or Bao He Wan (Preserve Harmony Pill) is swallowed. For profuse watery diarrhea, Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) is still used. For chronic illness causing laxity of large intestine qi, Shu Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata) half liang, Chao Shao Yao and Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) each three qian, Sheng Ma and Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) each two qian, and Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) one qian are ground into powder and taken as porridge pills. Additionally, moxa cones the size of wheat grains are applied to Bai Hui (GV20) acupoint for three moxibustion units. Spleen deficiency diarrhea requires tonifying spleen qi to restore normal transportation and transformation functions: use Chao Bai Zhu four liang, Chao Shen Qu three liang, and Chao Shao Yao three and a half liang. In winter and early spring, Rou Dou Kou (Myristicae Semen) replaces Bai Zhu; taken as powder or decoction, forming cakes is particularly effective. For diarrhea due to food stagnation, purging is suitable; Shen Qu and Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) are made into pills. For long-standing spleen diarrhea with large intestine incontinence, indicating spleen qi collapse, urgent astringency is needed using Chi Shi Zhi (Halloysitum Rubrum), Rou Dou Kou, Gan Jiang, etc.
Dai Yun stated: Whenever there is watery diarrhea without abdominal pain, it is dampness; when food stays in the stomach without being retained, or passes undigested, it is qi deficiency; when there is abdominal pain with watery diarrhea and borborygmus, pain comes in waves followed by diarrhea, it is fire; when diarrhea is intermittent and variable in amount, it is phlegm; when abdominal pain is severe during diarrhea and relieved after defecation, it is... [text incomplete].
An elderly person who overindulged in nourishment suffered from dietary injury to the spleen and stomach, resulting in frequent diarrhea, which is also spleen deficiency diarrhea.
Formula: Huang Qin (stir-fried, half liang), Bai Zhu (stir-fried, two liang), Shao Yao (stir-fried with wine), Ban Xia (each one liang, soaked), Shen Qu (stir-fried), Shan Zha (stir-fried, each one and a half liang).
Grind the above into powder, wrap in fresh green lotus leaves with cooked rice, mash, and form pills the size of mulberry seeds. Take before meals with plain warm water.
Another seventy-year-old elderly person had a white complexion, wiry and rapid pulse, but only the stomach pulse was deep and slippery. Due to drinking white wine, he developed dysentery, passing pale pus and blood, with abdominal pain and urinary retention.
Two days prior, all symptoms subsided except for difficult urination. Yi Yuan San (Benefit Primordial Powder) was administered, and he stabilized.
Treatment for painful diarrhea:
Chao Bai Zhu (three liang), Chao Shao Yao (two liang), Chao Chen Pi (one and a half liang), Fang Feng (one liang).
For chronic diarrhea, add Sheng Ma six qian. Cut the herbs. Divide into eight doses, decoct in water or take as pills.
Anti-diarrheal Formula: Jiang Qu Wan (Ginger and Medicated Leaven Pill)
Old wheat flour for making medicated leaven (two liang, stir-fried. Another one liang), Huixiang (Foeniculi Fructus) (five qian), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) (two liang, another one liang).
Grind into powder or make into pills. Take five to seven qian per dose with plain warm water.
Another formula:
Rou Dou Kou (five liang), Hua Shi (Talcum) (summer two and a half liang, autumn two liang, spring and winter one and a quarter liang).
Grind into powder, form pills with rice. Or mix with water and take.
Qing Liu Wan (Clear Six Pills): Clears damp-heat from the Triple Burner, treats diarrhea often used together with Qing Hua Wan (Transform Phlegm Pill), not used alone. Also treats postpartum abdominal pain or spontaneous diarrhea. Tonifies spleen and blood, also treats bloody dysentery.
Liu Yi San (Six-to-One Powder) (one batch), Hong Qu (Red Yeast Rice) (stir-fried, half liang, invigorates blood. Alternatively two and a half liang).
Grind into powder, form pills with rice the size of mulberry seeds. Take fifty to seventy pills per dose with plain warm water.
Another formula: Treats diarrhea or vomiting.
Take Liu Yi San mixed with Sheng Jiang juice and decocted water.
[Appendix] Cold diarrhea: Cold qi in the abdomen causes stabbing pain, profuse watery stools, borborygmus, and inability to digest rice drink. Use Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) or swallow Da Yi Han Wan (Great Warmth Pill).
Restlessness and thirst, difficult urination: Use Wu Ling San, swallow Xiang Lian Wan (Fragrant Coptis Pill). Damp diarrhea results from sitting/lying in damp places, injuring the spleen with dampness, earth failing to control water. Common during plum rains and prolonged cloudy weather. Use Chu Shi Tang (Remove Dampness Decoction), swallow Wu Ji Wan (Five-Elderly Pill), assisted by Wei Ling Tang (Stomach-Poria Decoction). Severe cases use Shu Fu Tang (Aconite and Atractylodes Decoction). Food stagnation diarrhea: caused by excessive eating damaging spleen qi, leading to diarrhea. The patient likely has belching smelling like rotten eggs. Use Zhi Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) plus Sha Ren (Amomi Fructus) half qian, or swallow Ying Gan Wan (Responsive Pill) is more appropriate. Long-term spleen qi deficiency unable to accept food: borborygmus and abdominal urgency immediately after eating, expelling all ingested food brings relief; no symptoms if fasting. Commonly called "Lu Shi Xie" (Official Salary Diarrhea), persisting for years. Use Kuai Pi Wan (Quick Spleen Pill) three to five pills. Alcohol-induced diarrhea occurring every morning upon waking: Use Li Zhong Tang plus Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), or swallow Jiu Zhu Huang Lian Wan (Wine-Steamed Coptis Pill). Flour-induced diarrhea: Use Yang Wei Tang (Nourish Stomach Decoction) plus Luo Bo Zi (Brassicae Semina) one qian (stir-fried, crushed). If painful, add Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix) half qian. If diarrhea is severe, remove Huo Xiang (Agastaches Herba), add Pao Jiang (Prepared Ginger) half qian. Daily early morning profuse diarrhea unresponsive to anti-diarrheals: Take Wu Wei Wan (Schisandra Pill) with rice drink, or decoct Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) alone; also treats spleen-kidney diarrhea. Even if symptoms subside with dietary restriction, if symptoms cease during the day but recur near 5 AM, the disease is in the kidney, commonly called spleen-kidney diarrhea. Take Er Shen Wan (Two-Spirit Pill) or Jiao Po Wan (Pepper and Magnolia Bark Pill) with divided water, or Ping Wei San (Peace the Stomach Powder) with Xiao Hui Xiang Wan (Small Fennel Pill). Chronic and severe cases with extreme deficiency: Use Jiao Fu Tang (Pepper and Aconite Decoction). Summer heat diarrhea due to summer heat: Use Wei Ling Tang or Wu Ling San, adding Che Qian Zi (Plantaginis Semen) powder slightly is very effective. Secular practice often uses astringents for dysentery and diarrhea. If chronic and deficient, this might be permissible; for acute onset, it will surely transform into other diseases, causing significant harm. It is unknown that most cases are due to dampness; promoting urination to separate fluids is the best approach.
Attached Formulas:
Si Ling San (Four-Poria Powder): Same as Wu Ling San minus Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus).
Wu Ling San, Yi Yuan San: See Heatstroke category.
Li Zhong Tang: See Cold Damage category.
Da Yi Han Wan: Bi Bo (Long Pepper Fruit), Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex) (each four liang), Gan Jiang (prepared), Gao Liang Jiang (Galangal Rhizome) (each six liang).
Grind into powder, boil in water, form pills with flour paste the size of mulberry seeds. Take thirty pills at empty stomach with rice drink.
Ba Wei Tang (Eight-Ingredient Decoction): Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus) (washed seven times in hot water), Gan Jiang (prepared, each two liang), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Mu Xiang, Rou Gui, Ding Xiang (Caryophylli Flos), Ren Shen, Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) (washed and dried, each...).
Cut into pieces. Take four qian per dose, one cup of water, decoct to 70%, take warm.
Xiang Lian Wan: Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (remove stamens, ten liang, stir-fry with five liang Wu Zhu Yu until red, discard Wu Zhu Yu), Mu Xiang (two liang four qian, do not roast).
Grind into powder, form pills with vinegar paste the size of mulberry seeds. Take twenty pills at empty stomach with rice drink.
Sheng Yang Chu Shi Tang (Raise Yang Remove Dampness Decoction): Sheng Ma, Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), Fang Feng, Shen Qu, Ze Xie, Zhu Ling (Polyporus) (each half liang), Cang Zhu (one liang), Chen Pi, Zhi Gan Cao (prepared), Da Mai Mian (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) (each three qian).
Make one dose, decoct in water, take hot after meals. For cold stomach with borborygmus, add Yi Zhi Ren (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus) and Ban Xia each half qian, decoct with ginger and jujube. Do not use if no borborygmus.
Wu Ji Wan: Treats stomach meridian heat, continuous diarrhea and dysentery.
Huang Lian, Wu Zhu Yu (remove stem, stir-fried), Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (each five liang).
Grind into powder, form pills with flour paste the size of mulberry seeds. Take thirty pills with rice drink.
Wei Ling Tang: Between summer and autumn, spleen and stomach injured by cold, water and grain not separated, continuous diarrhea.
Wu Ling San, Ping Wei San.
Combine and decoct with ginger and jujube, take at empty stomach.
Shu Fu Tang (from *Heji Ju Fang*): Zhi Gan Cao (two liang), Bai Zhu (four liang), Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) (prepared, one and a half liang).
Cut into pieces. Take three qian per dose, five slices of ginger, one jujube, decoct, take at empty stomach.
Zhi Zhong Tang: See Spleen-Stomach category.
Ying Gan Wan (from *Bao Jian*): Mu Xiang, Rou Dou Kou, Ding Xiang (each one and a half liang), Gan Jiang (prepared, one liang), Ba Dou (Crotonis Fructus) (seventy kernels, remove skin, heart, membrane, grind out oil), Xing Ren (Prunus Armeniacae Semen) (104 kernels, soak in water, remove skin and tips, grind).
Grind the first four ingredients into powder. Add Er Bai Cao Shuang (Carbonized Bamboo Sap) two liang and grind evenly. Mix with Ba Dou and Xing Ren (seven ingredients total). Use good beeswax six liang, melt into liquid, filter through heavy silk to remove dregs. Add good wine one sheng, boil wax in silver/copper vessel for several boils. Pour out, let cool; wax floats on top. Weigh the wax. Prepare in spring/summer. Use Qing You (Rapeseed Oil) one liang, boil in crucible until fragrant. Add wine-boiled wax four liang, melt together. While hot, mix with the herb powder. Prepare in autumn/six months. Use Qing You one and a half liang, cook until liquid, mix with herb powder to form dough. Shape into small bars, wrap in oiled paper, roll into pills as needed. Take thirty pills at empty stomach with ginger soup.
Bao He Wan: See Accumulation category.
Jiu Zheng Huang Lian Wan: Huang Lian (half jin, steep in two sheng pure wine, steam in clay vessel over steamer until soft, take out and dry).
Grind into powder, form pills with dripping water. Take fifty pills before meals with warm water.
Yang Wei Tang: See Malaria category.
Wu Wei Zi San: Treats Kidney Diarrhea.
Wu Wei Zi (two liang), Wu Zhu Yu (half liang, thin-mouthed green variety).
Stir-fry both until fragrant and ripe, grind into fine powder. Take two qian per dose with aged rice drink. A relative experienced loose stool once every dawn at 5 AM, named Kidney Diarrhea; cured by taking this.
Jiao Fu Wan (from *Wei Yi*): Jiao Hong (Pepper Red), Sang Piao Xiao (Mantis Egg Case) (roasted), Long Gu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi), Shan Zhu Yu (Corni Fructus) (extract flesh), Fu Zi (prepared), Lu Rong (Deer Antler Velvet) (wine-steamed, roasted).
Grind into powder, form pills with wine paste. Take sixty pills at empty stomach.
Er Shen Wan: Po Gu Zhi (Psoraleae Fructus) (stir-fried, four liang), Rou Dou Kou (two liang, raw).
Grind into powder. Take forty-nine large fat jujubes and four liang ginger, sliced, boil together until jujubes are soft. Remove ginger, take jujube flesh, grind into paste, mix with medicine, form pills. Take fifty pills with salt water.