《伤寒论》太阳阳明咽痛各一症，悉属阳症也。少阴咽痛者六，阳热者四，阴寒者二，少阴阳
热者四，治以猪肤汤、甘草汤、桔梗汤、半夏散。少阴阴寒者二，治以桂枝干姜汤、真武
汤、四逆汤。另厥阴咽痛者一，亦阳症也，治以桔梗汤。夫咽痛，皆是阳热。今少阴经内有
二症属寒者，何也？其一以汗多亡阳；其一以阴盛格阳。成氏云∶甘草汤主少阴热壅咽痛
者；桔梗汤主少阴寒热相搏咽痛者；半夏散主少阴客寒挟痰咽痛者。《活人》云∶以半夏桂枝
甘草汤治伏气之病，谓非时之暴寒伏于少阴，日久乃发，先见咽痛恶寒，宛似伤寒，但脉不
紧盛，反微弱，且见下利，俗名肾伤寒。治以半夏桂枝甘草汤，次用四逆汤。吴氏云∶凡阴
症咽喉不利，故用以上诸法。若阳症咽喉痛，用甘露饮、玄参汤。戴人云∶有初得病，无阳
毒阴毒等症，而咽喉自痛，此因感冒后顿用浓衣拥盖，或食生姜热酒即卧致是，此名因寒伤
热咽痛，宜用凉膈散、甘露饮治之。又有先伤于热，欲取凉快，乃为外寒所束。此名因热冒
寒咽痛，切不可骤用寒凉，宜用甘桔汤、双解散等。按三阳里症有咽痛，表症咽痛者少，以
里未郁热故耳。然太阳症，有表寒外束里热，亦有咽痛。若少阳里有郁热，外冒表邪，亦有
咽痛者。更有阳明胃有积热，太阴肺有积热，外冒表邪，皆有咽痛者。故三阳表症，亦有咽
痛之症。以法论之，若无汗恶寒，脉浮紧者，太阳表症为重，宜先散表，羌活冲和汤重加
甘、桔，俟汗出表解，然后清热，切不可早用寒凉，抑遏表邪。阳明里热者，有用清胃汤加
甘、桔。少阳里热者，方可用柴胡清肝饮。太阴肺素有热，凉膈散。若带表邪，仍用散表之
药。咽痛甚者，刺少商穴，稍见血出即愈。咽痛喉边肿起一块，以针刺肿处出血则愈。如喉
一片皆肿，难以遍刺者，以冰、硼、炉甘石，研细吹痛处，时以薄荷汤漱口。
家秘荆防甘桔汤
荆芥 防风 甘草 桔梗 薄荷 大力子
恶寒身痛，加羌活；腰痛足冷，加独活；潮热，加升麻、柴胡。古方升麻玄参汤，和解阳
明咽痛者，加羌柴兼太阳少阳治之矣。三阳咽痛皆热邪，然用寒凉反剧，以其旧有故热在
里，新受暴寒外束，家秘多冲萝卜汁，取其甘寒善散耳。
太阳病，下之，脉紧者，必咽喉痛，半夏汤。
太阳病应散表，反误下，不成结胸，但见脉紧，此太阳表寒未散，内薄咽喉而必痛，故用
半夏桂枝汤，散太阳表寒。此因误用寒下抑遏，故用辛散，非阳经咽痛，概可慢用。
阳明病，但头眩不恶寒，能食而咳，其人必咽痛。若不咳，则咽不痛。
此申明阳经咽痛，多因火热上冲，不同寒邪抑遏，妄用辛温从治。
少阴病下利清谷，里寒外热，手足厥逆，脉微欲绝，身反不恶寒，其人面赤色，或腹痛，或
干呕，或咽痛，或利止，脉不出者，通脉四逆汤主之。其脉即出者愈。
此申明里真寒，外假热，咽中痛，虚阳上浮也。
少阴病下利咽痛，胸满心烦者，猪肤汤主之。
少阴下利阴寒者多，今咽痛胸满心烦，则是阳火，故用猪肤润燥。
少阴病二三日咽痛者，可与甘草汤。不瘥，与桔梗汤。
此少阴热邪咽痛也。以甘草汤设不瘥，再与桔梗汤，以开提肺邪。
少阴病咽中痛，半夏散及汤主之。少阴病，咽中生疮，不能语言，声不出者，苦酒汤。
咽痛之症，可用半夏散及汤治之。若咽中痛而生疮，直至声音不出，则桂枝有碍热邪，故
以苦酒、半夏、鸡子白，润燥温散所伏之寒邪。
伤寒先厥后发热，下利必自止，而反汗出咽中痛者，其喉为痹。发热无汗，而利必自止。若
不止，必便脓血。便脓血者，喉不痹。
伤寒先厥后发热，下利必自止。反汗出，则是里热太过，故咽中痛，喉中痹。发热无汗，
而利必自止。仍不止，则邪热内攻肠胃，故便脓血。既便脓血，热邪不上冲，而喉不痹。
半夏汤
半夏 桂枝 甘草
此方本为太阳表有寒邪，应散表，误下，寒邪伏于咽喉，结聚痰涎而作痛，故用辛温散
解，非概治阳经咽痛也。
通脉四逆汤
干姜 附子 甘草 葱白
咽中作痛，要分三条∶表邪不散，宜散表；积热上冲而痛，宜辛凉；虚阳上浮，家秘用此
方加凉药少许，恐有拒格之患耳。
猪肤汤
猪皮一斤去毛去肉水煎去渣加白粉白蜜少许煎服。
少阴咽痛，以肾水不足，水中火发，土刑肺金。猪肤系北方水畜，水能制火，皮能润肺。
后人宗此，化黑驴皮，用阿井水煎膏，以治咳嗽、嗽血。家秘用龟版，性同猪皮，刮净煎
膏，补肾水，润肺燥，取补北方制南方，则西方不受火制。
甘草汤
甘草（二两水煎）
《千金方》治肺痈，《伤寒论》治咽痛，同用甘草一味，以咽痛肺痈，肺受火刑耳。仲景心下
痞满，以甘草、黄连同用，取其直折心火。后以甘草、生地、木通同用，导去心经之火。
后人又以二方合用，而泻火全矣。然不用于咽痛，不可骤用苦寒耳。前方用猪肤汤，壮北
方肾水，以制龙雷之火克肺也。此方用甘草一味者，泻南方之心火克肺也。
桔梗汤
桔梗（一两） 甘草（一两）
原文云∶少阴病，二三日咽痛者，可与甘草汤。若不瘥，与桔梗汤。按甘草泻心火，服之
痛不愈，此火邪结住肺中，不得外解，故以桔梗开发肺气，同甘草泻出肺中伏火。因此悟
得欲清肺中邪结，必要开肺清肺，二味同用，则肺中之邪始出。余化此方法，加防风于泻
白散中，以解肺风；加石膏于泻白散中，以泻肺火。本宗于此。
半夏散 即半夏桂枝甘草汤。
半夏 桂枝 甘草
前条客寒伤于太阳，失汗误下，寒邪内结咽喉而痛者，以半夏汤荡之。今以客寒伏于少
阴，伏气肾伤寒咽痛，又以此汤更为半夏散以散之。可知太阳之邪结在浅，少阴之邪伏于深矣。
苦酒汤
苦酒 半夏 鸡子白
仲景以半夏汤，治太阳表邪内伏，作痛咽喉。又以半夏散，治少阴伏气咽痛。今以少阴咽
中生疮，不能语言者，又以苦酒汤治之。夫寒邪挟痰，伏于咽喉而痛，可用半夏以散痰，
桂枝以散邪。若热痰攻咽成疮，而声音不出，则不可妄用辛温，故去桂枝，易以苦酒鸡子
白，温散润燥治之。
甘露饮
知母 麦冬 连翘 薄荷 桔梗 黄芩 玄参 滑石 石膏 甘草
咽喉之症，客寒内伏，仲景立辛散之方，以戒苦寒直折。余今又不得不补赘苦寒之方，以
治三阳热毒上冲，非违背前贤，实相需互备也。
玄参汤
玄参 山栀 麦冬 天花粉 桔梗 知母 薄荷 甘草 黄芩
此方清肺润燥，治实火咽痛。阳明有热，加升麻、石膏，即合玄参升麻汤。少阳有热，加
柴胡、胆星。外冒风邪，加防风、荆芥。
凉膈散
连翘 桔梗 山栀 黄芩 天花粉 知母 薄荷 甘草 玄参
此通治三阳上焦咽痛之方。症兼阳明，加升麻、干葛；兼少阳，加柴胡；若外感风寒发
热，加防风荆芥。
甘桔汤 详前。
双解散
柴胡 干葛 荆芥 薄荷 黄芩 玄参 石膏 知母 甘草 桔梗 防风
此治阳明少阳，先伤积热，又冒表邪，郁于上焦，咽喉作痛。
羌活冲和汤
羌活 防风 荆芥 白芷 黄芩 苍术 生地 广皮 甘草
此治太阳发热咽痛，无汗脉浮者。症有燥热去白芷、苍术，加入玄参、升麻。
清胃汤
升麻 生地 丹皮 山栀 甘草 黄连
阳明有热，肺受火制，故以此汤清胃治本。家秘治咽喉作痛各有分别，语言即痛，清肺为
急；咽物即痛，清胃为先。
柴胡清肝饮
柴胡 黄芩 山栀 青皮 荆芥 甘草
《内经》云∶一阴一阳，结为喉痹。少阳之火，恒结喉旁，故家秘治咽喉肿痛，多有兼治少阳者。
Taiyang (Sun) and Yangming (Yang) throat pain in the *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage), each having one syndrome, all belong to Yang syndromes. Shaoyin (Lesser Yin) throat pain occurs in six instances: four are due to Yang-heat, and two are due to Yin-cold. The four Shaoyin Yang-heat cases are treated with Zhufu Tang (Pig Skin Decoction), Gancao Tang (Licorice Decoction), Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction), and Banxia San (Pinellia Powder). The two Shaoyin Yin-cold cases are treated with Guizhi Ganjiang Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Dried Ginger Decoction), Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction), and Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction). Additionally, there is one case of Jueyin (Terminal Yin) throat pain, which also belongs to a Yang syndrome, treated with Jiegeng Tang. Generally, throat pain is caused by Yang-heat. Why are there two cold syndromes within the Shaoyin meridian? One is due to excessive sweating leading to the loss of Yang Qi; the other is due to extreme Yin-cold repelling Yang Qi outward. Cheng Wuji stated: Gancao Tang treats Shaoyin heat obstruction causing throat pain; Jiegeng Tang treats Shaoyin cold-heat conflict causing throat pain; Banxia San treats Shaoyin invading cold with phlegm causing throat pain. The *Liuren Shu* states: Banxia Guizhi Gancao Tang treats "latent qi" disease, referring to sudden cold from an improper season latent in the Shaoyin meridian, manifesting after a long time. It first presents with throat pain and aversion to cold, resembling cold damage, but the pulse is not tight and full, but rather weak, accompanied by diarrhea, commonly known as Kidney Cold Damage. Treat initially with Banxia Guizhi Gancao Tang, followed by Sini Tang. Wu Shi stated: For Yin syndromes with throat discomfort, the above methods are used. If it is a Yang syndrome with throat pain, use Ganlu Yin (Sweet Dew Drink) or Xuanshen Tang (Scrophularia Decoction). Dai Ren stated: Some patients have no Yang-toxin or Yin-toxin symptoms upon initial onset, yet their throats hurt spontaneously. This is caused by wearing thick clothes and heavy blankets immediately after catching a cold, or eating ginger and drinking hot wine before lying down. This is named "throat pain due to cold injuring heat," and should be treated with Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder) or Ganlu Yin. Others may first suffer heat injury, seek coolness, and then be constrained by external cold. This is named "throat pain due to heat covered by cold." One must not abruptly use cold-natured herbs; instead, use Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) or Shuangjie San (Double Release Powder). According to the interior syndromes of the Three Yang meridians, throat pain exists, but exterior syndrome throat pain is rare because the interior heat has not yet stagnated. However, Taiyang syndromes can have exterior cold constraining the outside and interior heat, resulting in throat pain. If Shaoyang has interior stagnant heat and is exposed to exterior pathogens, throat pain may also occur. Furthermore, Yangming stomach accumulation of heat, or Taiyin lung accumulation of heat, when exposed to exterior pathogens, both result in throat pain. Thus, Three Yang exterior syndromes also include throat pain. Based on treatment principles: if there is no sweat, aversion to cold, and a floating-tight pulse, the Taiyang exterior syndrome is predominant. One should first release the exterior using Qianghuo Chonghe Tang (Notopterygium Harmonizing Decoction) with increased Licorice and Platycodon. Wait for sweat and exterior resolution, then clear heat. Do not use cold-natured herbs too early to suppress the exterior pathogen. For Yangming interior heat, Qingwei Tang (Clear Stomach Decoction) with Licorice and Platycodon may be used. For Shaoyang interior heat, Chaihu Qinggan Yin (Bupleurum Clear Liver Drink) can be used. For Taiyin lung with pre-existing heat, use Liangge San. If exterior pathogens are present, still use exterior-releasing herbs. For severe throat pain, puncture Shaoshang (LU11); slight bleeding brings relief. If a swelling appears on the side of the throat, puncture the swelling to bleed for cure. If the entire throat is swollen and difficult to puncture entirely, use Borneolum Syntheticum (Ice Borneol), Borax, and Calamina, finely ground and insufflated into the painful area, rinsing frequently with Mint Decoction.
Home Secret Formula: Jingfang Ganjie Tang (Nepeta and Cnidium Licorice and Platycodon Decoction)
Jingjie (Schizonepeta Herba), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Niu Bang Zi (Arctii Fructus).
For aversion to cold and body pain, add Qianghuo (Notopterygii Radix et Rhizoma); for lower back pain and cold feet, add Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix); for tidal fever, add Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix). The ancient formula Shengma Xuanshen Tang (Cimicifuge and Scrophularia Decoction) harmonizes Yangming throat pain; adding Qianghuo and Chaihu treats Taiyang and Shaoyang simultaneously. Throat pain in the Three Yang meridians is caused by heat pathogens, yet using cold-natured herbs often worsens it because old heat resides internally while new violent cold constrains externally. My home secret method often adds Radish Juice, utilizing its sweet-cold nature to disperse effectively.
Taiyang syndrome, after purgation, if the pulse is tight, throat pain will definitely occur; treat with Banxia Tang.
Taiyang syndrome should be treated by releasing the exterior, but erroneous purgation was used. It did not form a chest knot, but only showed a tight pulse. This indicates Taiyang exterior cold has not dispersed and is pressing inward on the throat, causing pain. Therefore, Banxia Guizhi Tang (Pinellia and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is used to scatter Taiyang exterior cold. This is because erroneous use of cold purgatives suppressed the pathogen, so acrid-warm dispersal is used. It is not that Yang meridian throat pain can generally be treated lightly with this method.
Yangming syndrome, presenting only with dizziness, no aversion to cold, ability to eat, and cough, the person will definitely have throat pain. If there is no cough, there is no throat pain.
This clarifies that Yang meridian throat pain is mostly due to fire-heat rushing upward, differing from cold-pathogen suppression, and warns against rashly using acrid-warm treatments following the principle of treating contrary symptoms.
Shaoyin syndrome with diarrhea of undigested food, interior cold with exterior heat, cold extremities, pulse faint and nearly imperceptible, body actually not averse to cold, face red, or abdominal pain, or dry retching, or throat pain, or cessation of diarrhea with pulse unobtainable, is primarily treated with Tongmai Sini Tang (Pulse-Recovering Frigid Extremities Decoction). If the pulse returns, the patient recovers.
This clarifies true interior cold with false exterior heat; throat pain here is due to deficient Yang floating upward.
Shaoyin syndrome with diarrhea, throat pain, chest fullness, and restlessness is primarily treated with Zhufu Tang (Pig Skin Decoction).
Shaoyin diarrhea is mostly Yin-cold; now with throat pain, chest fullness, and restlessness, it is Yang-fire pathology, so Pig Skin is used to moisten dryness.
Shaoyin syndrome with throat pain after two or three days may be given Gancao Tang (Licorice Decoction). If not improved, give Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction).
This is Shaoyin heat-pathogen throat pain. If Gancao Tang does not improve it, Jiegeng Tang is given next to lift Lung Qi and expel pathogens.
Shaoyin syndrome with throat pain is primarily treated with Banxia San (Pinellia Powder) and Decoction. Shaoyin syndrome with sores in the throat, inability to speak, and voice loss is treated with Kujiu Tang (Vinegar Decoction).
Throat pain can be treated with Banxia San and Decoction. If throat pain develops sores and leads to voice loss, Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) hinders heat pathogens, so Kujiu (Vinegar), Banxia (Pinellia), and Ji Zi Bai (Egg White) are used to moisten dryness and warm-disperse latent cold.
Cold damage starting with cold extremities followed by fever: diarrhea will stop spontaneously. If sweating occurs and throat pain follows, the throat becomes Bi (blocked). Fever without sweat means diarrhea will stop. If it does not stop, pus and blood will appear in stool. If pus and blood appear in stool, the throat will not become blocked.
Cold damage starting with cold extremities followed by fever stops diarrhea. Sweating indicates excessive interior heat, causing throat pain and throat Bi. Fever without sweat stops diarrhea. If it continues, heat pathogens attack the intestines and stomach, causing pus and blood in stool. Once pus and blood appears, heat pathogens do not rush upward, so the throat is not blocked.
Banxia Tang (Pinellia Decoction)
Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
This formula is originally for Taiyang exterior cold where purgation was erroneously used, causing cold pathogens to lie latent in the throat, binding phlegm-saliva and causing pain. Thus, acrid-warm dispersal is used. It does not treat all Yang meridian throat pains.
Tongmai Sini Tang (Pulse-Recovering Frigid Extremities Decoction)
Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus).
Throat pain must be categorized into three types: if exterior pathogens are unresolved, release the exterior; if accumulated heat rushes upward, use acrid-cool; if deficient Yang floats upward, my home secret method uses this formula with a small amount of cooling herbs to avoid rejection.
Zhufu Tang (Pig Skin Decoction)
One jin of pig skin, remove hair and meat, decoct in water, strain, add rice flour and a little white honey, decoct and take.
Shaoyin throat pain is due to insufficient Kidney Water, fire arising from water, and Earth punishing Lung Metal. Pig skin belongs to Northern Water animals; Water controls Fire, and skin moistens the Lung. Later generations used black donkey skin decocted in A-Jiao water to treat cough and hemoptysis. My home secret method uses Gui Ban (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum), which has similar properties to pig skin, scraped and decocted into paste to tonify Kidney Water and moisten Lung dryness, supplementing Northern Water to control Southern Fire, thus protecting Western Metal from Fire punishment.
Gancao Tang (Licorice Decoction)
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) - two liang, decocted in water.
*Qianjin Fang* treats Lung Abscess, and *Shanghan Lun* treats throat pain, both using only Gancao, because throat pain and Lung Abscess involve Lung punishment by Fire. Zhang Zhongjing used Gancao with Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) for epigastric fullness to directly drain Heart Fire. Later, Gancao was combined with Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix) and Mutong (Akebiae Caulis) to guide out Heart Meridian Fire. Later generations combined these formulas for complete fire-draining effects. However, for throat pain, bitter-cold herbs should not be used abruptly. The previous formula, Zhufu Tang, strengthens Northern Kidney Water to control Dragon-Fire punishing the Lung. This formula uses only Gancao to drain Southern Heart Fire punishing the Lung.
Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction)
Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) - one liang, Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) - one liang.
The original text says: Shaoyin syndrome with throat pain after two or three days may be given Gancao Tang. If not improved, give Jiegeng Tang. Gancao drains Heart Fire; if pain persists, it indicates Fire pathogens are bound in the Lung and cannot resolve externally. Thus, Jiegeng opens Lung Qi, working with Gancao to drain latent Fire from the Lung. From this, I realized that to clear Lung pathogenic bindings, one must open and clear the Lung; using these two together allows Lung pathogens to exit. I modified this method by adding Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) to Xiebai San (Drain White Powder) to resolve Lung Wind, and adding Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) to Xiebai San to drain Lung Fire. This is the basis.
Banxia San (Pinellia Powder) is also Banxia Guizhi Gancao Tang.
Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
In the previous clause, invading cold injured Taiyang, missed sweating, and erroneous purgation caused cold pathogens to bind internally in the throat, causing pain, treated by sweeping with Banxia Tang. Now, with invading cold latent in Shaoyin, latent Qi Kidney Cold Damage throat pain, this same decoction is renamed Banxia San to disperse it. This shows Taiyang pathogens bind superficially, while Shaoyin pathogens lie deep.
Kujiu Tang (Vinegar Decoction)
Kujiu (Vinegar), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Ji Zi Bai (Ovi Albi Albumen).
Zhang Zhongjing used Banxia Tang to treat Taiyang exterior pathogens lying latent, causing throat pain. He used Banxia San to treat Shaoyin latent Qi throat pain. Now, for Shaoyin sores in the throat with inability to speak, Kujiu Tang is used. When cold pathogens with phlegm lie latent in the throat causing pain, Banxia disperses phlegm and Guizhi disperses pathogens. If heat-phlegm attacks the throat forming sores and causes voice loss, acrid-warm herbs should not be used rashly. Therefore, Guizhi is removed and replaced with Kujiu and Ji Zi Bai to warm-disperse and moisten dryness.
Ganlu Yin (Sweet Dew Drink)
Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Huashi (Haliotidis Concha), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
For throat conditions with latent invading cold, Zhang Zhongjing established acrid-dispersing formulas to warn against direct bitter-cold draining. I must additionally add bitter-cold formulas to treat Three Yang heat-toxin rushing upward. This does not contradict former sages but serves mutual preparation.
Xuanshen Tang (Scrophularia Decoction)
Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix).
This formula clears the Lung and moistens dryness, treating excess-fire throat pain. For Yangming heat, add Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), combining with Xuanshen Shengma Tang. For Shaoyang heat, add Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) and Danxing (Arisaematis Cum Bile). For external wind pathogens, add Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) and Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba).
Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder)
Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix).
This is a general formula for upper Jiao throat pain in the Three Yang meridians. For concurrent Yangming, add Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix); for concurrent Shaoyang, add Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix); for external wind-cold with fever, add Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) and Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba).
Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) See above.
Shuangjie San (Double Release Powder)
Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix).
This treats Yangming and Shaoyang where accumulated heat was first injured, then exposed to exterior pathogens, stagnating in the upper Jiao, causing throat pain.
Qianghuo Chonghe Tang (Notopterygium Harmonizing Decoction)
Qianghuo (Notopterygii Radix et Rhizoma), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Guangpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
This treats Taiyang fever with throat pain, no sweat, and floating pulse. If dry-heat symptoms exist, remove Baizhi and Cangzhu, add Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix) and Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma).
Qingwei Tang (Clear Stomach Decoction)
Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Danpi (Moutan Cortex), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma).
Yangming heat punishes the Lung; thus, this formula clears the Stomach to treat the root. My home secret method distinguishes throat pain: pain upon speaking requires urgent Lung clearing; pain upon swallowing requires priority Stomach clearing.
Chaihu Qinggan Yin (Bupleurum Clear Liver Drink)
Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
The *Neijing* states: One Yin and One Yang knotting forms Hou Bi (throat blockage). Shaoyang fire often knots beside the throat. Therefore, my home secret method for throat swelling and pain often treats Shaoyang concurrently.