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(Those with heat in the interior typically desire drinking water. Now, desiring water but unwilling to swallow indicates that the heat is in the meridians while there is no heat in the interior. This syndrome belongs to the Yangming Meridian. The Qi and Blood of this meridian are abundant; intense heat within the meridian forces blood to move recklessly, inevitably leading to epistaxis (nosebleed). Patients with blood stasis syndrome often present with dryness without thirst, frequently exhibiting this symptom. In Yin syndromes, restlessness and irritability with excessive thirst may occur, yet the patient cannot drink, or can only force it down without swallowing.)

Yangming disease presents with body heat, headache, dry mouth, desiring to rinse the mouth with water but not swallow, inevitably leading to epistaxis, with a faint pulse. (Treat with Xijiao Dihuang Tang [Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction] or Maohua Tang [Arenaria Decoction]). If there are no exterior symptoms and no aversion to cold... [Text appears fragmented here, context suggests Shaoyin pattern description follows] Shaoyin disease presents with a deep and fine pulse, cold extremities, desiring to rinse the mouth with water but not swallow. (Treat with Sini Tang [Frigid Extremities Decoction]). Diarrhea, cold extremities, absence of pulse, dry retching, irritability, and thirst, desiring to rinse the mouth with water but not swallow. (Treat with Baitong Tang [White Tongue Decoction] added with pig bile and human urine). Vomiting roundworms, dry mouth and tongue, desiring only to soak the tongue and lips with cool water, unwilling to swallow. (Treat with Lizhong Tang [Regulate the Middle Decoction] added with Wumei [Mume Fruit]).

(If Shanghan [Cold Damage] persists for thirteen days without resolution, it is called "passing the meridian." If the pulses at Cun, Guan, and Chi sink into depression, the condition is critical.)

The pathogen has passed the meridian but the condition remains unresolved, and the Chaihu [Bupleurum] syndrome has not ceased. (Harmonize with Xiaochaihu Tang [Minor Bupleurum Decoction]). Unceasing vomiting, oppression in the epigastrium with slight irritability. (Treat with Dachaihu Tang [Major Bupleurum Decoction]). Weak physique and deficient pulse. (Treat with Shenhu Sanbai Tang [Ginseng and Bupleurum Three Whites Decoction]). Deficient irritability and insomnia. (Treat with Wendan Tang [Warm Gallbladder Decoction] added with Renshen [Ginseng] and Chaihu [Bupleurum]).

Huaibing [Ruined Disease] (Conditions that remain unresolved after sweating, vomiting, or purging methods are termed Huaibing. Guizhi Tang [Cinnamon Twig Decoction] should not be administered. One must carefully examine the pulse and symptoms to determine what error was committed, and treat according to the specific presentation. This may result from erroneous sweating, vomiting, or purging, all of which violate proper medical principles, hence termed "adverse".)

Taiyang [Greater Yang] disease unresolved, transferring to Shaoyang [Lesser Yang]. Hardness and fullness under the hypochondrium, dry retching, alternating chills and fever, having undergone neither vomiting nor purging, with a deep and tight pulse. (Treat with Xiaochaihu Tang [Minor Bupleurum Decoction]). After sweating, vomiting, or purging, if the Chaihu syndrome ceases, this constitutes a Huaizheng [Ruined Syndrome]. Determine what error was committed and treat according to the appropriate method.

Commentary: When Shanghan [Cold Damage] has persisted for a long time, following sweating, vomiting, and purging, the pathogenic factors gradually subside, while the healthy Qi gradually weakens. Yang collapses on the exterior, and Yin is exhausted within. Unless substantial tonification is employed, how can there be any chance of survival? Repeatedly restoring life requires using Renshen [Ginseng] as the principal herb when accompanying symptoms exist, adjusting according to the clinical picture. This is indeed an excellent method.