附子 白术 茯苓 芍药 人参
少阴病。得之一二日。口中和。背恶寒者。当灸。此汤主之。 背者。胸中之府。诸阳
受气
在表而恶寒者。则一身尽寒矣。但背恶寒者。阴盛可知已。或乘阴气不足。阳陷阴中。表阳
新虚。而背微恶寒者。经所谓无大热。燥渴。心烦。背微恶寒。白虎加人参汤主之。一为
阴寒气盛。一为阳气内陷。盖阴寒不耗津液。故于少阴病则曰。口中和也。及阳气内陷。则
热耗津液。故于太阳病则曰口燥舌干而渴也。故阴阳不同。当以口中润燥为辨。按辛以散之
。附子之辛以散寒。甘以缓之。茯苓人参白术之甘以补阳。酸以收之。芍药之酸以扶阴。大
抵偏阴偏阳。则为病。火欲实水当平之。不欲偏胜也。
赤石脂 干姜 粳米
主少阴病。二三日至四五日。腹痛。小便不利。下利脓血。 二三日至四五日。寒邪入
里深也。腹痛者。里寒也。小便不利者。水谷不分也。下利脓血者。肠胃虚弱。下焦不固也。涩
可去脱。石脂之涩。以固肠胃。辛以散之。干姜之辛。以散里寒。甘以缓之。粳米之甘。以
养正气。
猪肤（一斤即鲜猪皮也吴绶以为 猪时刮下黑肤非革外浓皮之义矣）
少阴病。下利咽痛。胸满心烦者。此汤主之。 猪。水畜也。其气先入肾。少阴客热。
是以猪肤解之。加白蜜。以润燥除烦。加白粉。以益气断利。
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix).
Shaoyin disease (disease pattern of the Shaoyin channel): Onset within one or two days. The mouth feels neutral (no dryness or heat sensation). If there is aversion to cold in the back, moxibustion should be applied; this decoction is indicated. The back is the mansion of the chest organs, where the qi of all Yang channels gathers. When pathogenic factors are on the exterior causing aversion to cold, the whole body feels cold. However, if only the back feels cold, it indicates an excess of Yin-cold. Alternatively, due to insufficiency of Yin qi, Yang qi sinks into the Yin, and the exterior Yang is newly deficient, leading to slight aversion to cold in the back. This corresponds to the classic text stating "no significant heat," accompanied by thirst, irritability, and slight aversion to cold in the back, which is treated with Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Plus Ginseng Decoction). The former case involves excess Yin-cold, while the latter involves internal sinking of Yang qi. Generally, Yin-cold does not consume body fluids; thus, in Shaoyin disease, it is stated that "the mouth is neutral." When Yang qi sinks internally, heat consumes body fluids; thus, in Taiyang disease, it is stated that "the mouth is dry, the tongue is parched, and there is thirst." Therefore, Yin and Yang differ, and differentiation should be based on whether the mouth is moist or dry. According to therapeutic principles, pungent flavors disperse; the pungency of Fuzi disperses cold. Sweet flavors moderate; the sweetness of Fuling, Renshen, and Baizhu tonifies Yang qi. Sour flavors astringe; the sourness of Shaoyao supports Yin qi. Broadly speaking, deviation toward Yin or Yang leads to disease. If Fire desires to be substantial, Water must be balanced; neither should prevail excessively.
Chishizhi (Kaolinitum), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Jingmi (Oryza Sativa Germen).
Indicated for Shaoyin disease progressing from two to three days to four to five days, presenting with abdominal pain, difficult urination, and diarrhea with pus and blood. Progressing from two to three days to four to five days indicates that cold pathogens have penetrated deeply into the interior. Abdominal pain indicates interior cold. Difficult urination indicates failure to separate clear turbid substances from food and water. Diarrhea with pus and blood indicates weakness of the intestines and stomach and instability of the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner). Astringent flavors can prevent collapse; the astringency of Chishizhi consolidates the intestines and stomach. Pungent flavors disperse; the pungency of Ganjiang disperses interior cold. Sweet flavors moderate; the sweetness of Jingni nourishes healthy Qi.
Zhufu (Porcinis Cutis, i.e., fresh pig skin; Wu Shou considered this to refer to the black epidermis scraped off the pig, not the thick dermis outside the hide).
Indicated for Shaoyin disease presenting with diarrhea, sore throat, chest fullness, and irritability; this decoction is indicated. Pigs are aquatic animals, and their nature enters the Kidney first. External heat invading the Shaoyin channel is resolved by Zhufu. Adding Baimi (Honey) moistens dryness and relieves irritability. Adding Baifen (Rice flour) benefits Qi and stops diarrhea.