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Mr. Chen Wensu said: The symptoms of macules/rash (Zhen), commonly known as "rash," are caused by heat in the Lung and Stomach, or by epidemic qi. The rash appears on the skin, covering the whole body with lesions resembling mosquito or flea bites. If the color is red, nine out of ten will survive; if the color is black, none out of ten will survive. Qian Yi said: At the initial stage, the rash resembles Taiyang disease (Taiyang syndrome), with fever lasting five to six days or seven to eight days before eruption, alternating chills and fever, cough, diarrhea, anorexia, facial flushing, eyes watery with discharge, sneezing, excessive phlegm and saliva, thirst with dry heaving, urgent bowel movements with scanty urination. I suggest that for symptoms of fever and irritability with thirst, use Shengma Tang (Burdock Root Decoction). For spontaneous sweating with irritability and thirst, use Huaban Tang (Spot-Transforming Decoction). For irritability with diarrhea and hot diarrhea, use Baihu Cangzhu Tang (White Tiger and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction). For high fever with delirious speech, use Daochi San (Guide Out Red Powder). For persistent cough, use Shengdihuang San (Rehmannia Root Powder). For hematemesis, epistaxis, or bleeding from the large and small intestines, use Xijiao Tang (Rhinoceros Horn Decoction). For pain in the throat, use Ganjie Fangfeng Tang (Licorice, Platycodon, and Saposhnikovia Decoction). For swollen and painful throat, use Xuanshen Shengma Tang (Scrophularia and Burdock Root Decoction). For alternating chills and fever, use Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction). For persistent wheezing and cough, use Chaihu Wuweizi Tang (Bupleurum and Schisandra Decoction). For difficulty in urination, use Chai Ling Tang (Bupleurum and Polyporus Decoction). For high fever with dry heaving, use Jiedu Tang (Detoxification Decoction). For vomiting due to food stagnation, or abdominal distension with diarrhea, use Pingwei San (Stomach-Pacifying Powder); add Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange) if there is constipation. If digestion has occurred but vomiting persists, use Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction). For constipation or wheezing/fullness, first administer Qianhu Zhike Tang (Peucedanum and Aurantium Decoction) to purge, then use Chunze Tang (Spring Spring Water Decoction). If heat toxins remain after recovery, use Gegen Huanglian Tang (Kudzu and Coptis Decoction). If residual toxins form sores, use Yeyan Niuzibangzi Tang (Belamcanda and Arctium Seed Decoction) or Xiaodu Yin (Detoxification Infusion). There are cases where measles erupts alongside smallpox; the progression is most rapid, caused by blood-pathogen pathogens taking advantage of the momentum. If the stool is hard, administer a small amount of Qingliang Yin (Cooling and Clearing Infusion) to purge. After the pathogen recedes, use Sijunzi Tang combined with Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) and Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root) to consolidate the Yuan Qi (Original Qi). For limb pain, administer Yiming Yin (Life-Saving Infusion) once to kill the toxic gas, and continue treatment with Tuoli San (Supporting the Interior Powder).

A child suffered for seven days without resolution, presenting with headache and fever. Fearing internal heat, this was identified as unresolved exterior pathogen. One dose of Gegen Maimendong Tang (Kudzu and Ophiopogon Decoction) provided immediate relief, and two doses led to recovery.

A child presented with aversion to cold, fever, headache, and stiffness. First, one dose of Renshen Qianghuo San (Ginseng and Notopterygium Powder) was used, causing the exterior pathogen to disperse immediately. Subsequently, Wuwei Yigong San (Five-Ingredient Extraordinary Efficacy Powder) was administered to restore peace.

A child suffered for over a month without resolution, worsening with severe chills and high fever, headache, and stiffness. This indicated an unresolved exterior pathogen. One dose of Renshen Baidu San (Ginseng and Toxin-Overcoming Powder) resolved the exterior pathogen, followed by Xingxing San (Xingxing Powder) for full recovery.

A scholar in his twenties suffered from the aforementioned condition, with irritability, thirst, and a preference for cold drinks. One dose each of Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) and Huaban Tang provided immediate relief from heat and thirst. Kuaban Tang (Rapid Spot-Decoupling Decoction) was used, causing the smallpox lesions to rise rapidly, followed by Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasures Decoction) for recovery.

A puerperal woman suffered from this condition, caused by wind-heat. Xingxing San dispersed the wind-heat, Liuwei Huoxue Tang (Six-Ingredient Blood-Invigorating Decoction) promoted the eruption of sores, and Bazhen Tang led to recovery.

A child suffered from nasal congestion, heavy voice, fever, and itching. Renshen Xiaofeng San (Ginseng Wind-Expelling Powder) resolved the exterior symptoms. Later, fever caused scratching and bursting of pustules with oozing pus. The pulse was floating and large but empty upon pressure, indicating Spleen and Stomach Qi deficiency failing to nourish the Cou Li (interstitial spaces). Morning administration of Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Middle-Warmer-Boosting and Qi-Supplementing Decoction) and evening administration of Huangqi Liuyi Tang (Astragalus Six-to-One Powder) led to recovery. Later, due to a common cold treated with diaphoretic agents, irritability and fever ensued with flushed face and eyes, and a large, empty pulse. Danggui Buxue Tang (Angelica Sinensis Blood-Nourishing Decoction) led to recovery.

A child presented with fever and thirst, and constipation of both bowels. Dalianqiao Yin (Large Forsythia Infusion) was used, resulting in the unblocking of both bowels. However, vomiting of phlegm-saliva, abdominal pain, and anorexia occurred, indicating that while the pathogen had left, the True Qi was injured. Wuwei Yigong San restored health.

Xingxing San: Treats wind-heat epidemic qi sores and rashes, headache with high fever, dry eyes with somnolence, cough with coarse breathing.
Ingredients: Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Zhen Xixin (True Asarum), Renshen (Ginseng), Gancao (Licorice Root), Baifuling (Poria), Chuanxiong (Sichuan Lovage Rhizome), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) (each 5 fen), Bohe (Mint).
Usage: Decoct one cup of water with three slices of ginger, and take orally.

Huanglian Jiedu Tang: Treats rash toxins causing hematemesis and dry heaving.
Ingredients: Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit) (each 3 qian).
Usage: Decoct in water, dosage adjusted according to age/size.

Chaihu Wuweizi Tang: Treats measles with wheezing and cough. (This is Xiaochaihu Tang with added Wuweizi).

Xiaochaihu Tang: Treats measles with alternating chills and fever, resembling malaria with wheezing and cough.
Ingredients: Chaihu (Bupleurum Root) (3 qian), Renshen (Ginseng), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) (each 2 qian), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) (1 qian), Gancao (Licorice Root).
Usage: Three slices of fresh ginger, one cup of water, decoct until reduced to 60%, take warm.

Chaiqin Tang: Treats smallpox/measles with difficulty in urination.
Ingredients: Chaihu (Bupleurum Root), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Zhuling (Polyporus), Zexie (Alisma Rhizome), Fuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) (each 1.5 qian).
Usage: Decoct in ginger water, dosage adjusted according to age/size.

Renshen Xiaofeng San: Treats measles and similar conditions.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng) (3 qian), Jingjie Sui (Schizonepeta Spike), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel) (each 5 qian), Bai Jiangcan (Silkworm), Fuling (Poria), Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), Xiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Huoxiang (Patchouli), Chantui (Cicada Slough) (each 3 qian), Houpo (Magnolia Bark, ginger-processed) (3 qian), Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome) (2 qian).
Usage: Take 1 qian per dose, decoct in water and drink.

Renshen Baidu San: Treats measles with fever, aversion to cold, cough, etc.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng), Fuling (Poria), Chuanxiong (Sichuan Lovage Rhizome), Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome), Duhuo (Angelica Pubescens Root), Qianhu (Peucedanum Root), Chaihu (Bupleurum Root), Zhike (Aurantium Fructus Immaturus, bran-fried), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Gancao (Licorice Root, fried) (equal parts).
Usage: Take 2-3 qian per dose, decoct in water.

Shengdihuang San: Treats smallpox/measles with irritability, heat, and cough.
Ingredients: Shengdihuang (Rehmannia Root), Maimendong (Ophiopogon Tuber) (each 1.5 qian), Xingren (Apricot Seed), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel) (each 1 qian), Gancao (Licorice Root) (0.5 qian).
Usage: Decoct in water and drink. Avoid alcohol, vinegar, sour, and salty foods.

Baihu Cangzhu Tang: Treats smallpox/measles rash conditions.

Xuanshen Shengma Tang

Huaban Tang (See formulas for Chickenpox and Measles)

Shengma Gegen Tang (Formula follows)

Gegen Maimendong Tang

Xijiao Tang (See formulas for sunken lesions and mental restlessness)

Kuaban Tang (See formula for sunken lesions and mental agitation)

Liushi Huoxue San

Yiming Yin (See formulas for smallpox abscesses)

Dalianqiao Yin

Chunze Tang

Renshen Qianghuo San

Gegen Huanglian Tang (See four formulas for mixed measles/smallpox)

Wuwei Yigong San

Danggui Buxue Tang

Buzhong Yiqi Tang (See three formulas for cold shivering and teeth grinding)

Huangqi Liuyi Tang (See formula for itching and scratching)

Zhuye Shigao Tang (See formula for diarrhea and teeth grinding)

Yeyan Niuzibangzi Tang (See formula for fever after scabbing)

Ganjie Fangfeng Tang (See formula for smallpox cold shivering)

Qianhu Zhike Tang (See formula for thick sticky nasal discharge/saliva in smallpox)

Sijunzi Tang (See formula for failure to scab and confusion)

Sishun Qingliang Yin (See formula for constipation)