小儿寒疟，身必无汗，因先伤于寒，后伤于风，故先寒后热，寒多热少。古法主麻黄羌活汤（如麻黄、羌活、
防风、生甘草，引用生姜）。
〔真按〕寒属阴邪，小儿因感寒而发疟，恶寒拘急，面带惨色，谓之寒疟。身虽无汗，麻黄、羌、防、表
汗太过，多生变端。方用姜炒广皮二钱，紫川朴一钱，漂苍术八分，草果仁三分，花槟榔八分，炙甘草五分，引
用生姜一片、上桂心一分，冲服。
小儿暑疟，因伤暑而得此证。阴气独微，阳气独发，但热不寒，非风疟寒疟可比，古法主柴胡白虎汤（如人
参、柴胡、黄芩、半夏、熟石膏、知母、炙甘草、晚粳米，引用生姜、大枣）。
〔真按〕暑虽亦称阳邪，然暑为热中之寒邪，故证见独热无寒，烦渴少睡，呕恶时作，肌肉消烁，谓之暑疟，
宜解暑毒为主，柴胡石膏二味，究不宜用。方以冬桑叶二钱，炙鳖甲捣碎二钱，肥知母钱半，淡黄芩一钱，浙贝
母二钱，西瓜翠衣三钱，川石斛钱半，生甘草五分，引用藕汁一两冲服。
小儿湿疟，因冒袭雨湿，汗出澡浴，坐卧湿地，而得此证，古法主胃苓汤（如漂白术、炒浓朴、广陈皮、炒
白术、白茯苓、结猪苓、炒泽泻、炙甘草、上青桂，引用生姜）。
〔真按〕湿亦阴邪，既发湿疟，必见身体肿痛，肢节乏力，呕逆胀满诸病状。方用云茯苓三钱，生野术钱
半，炒薏米二钱，川朴花一朵，藿香叶八分，粉葛花五分，花槟榔八分，炒常山五分，引用乌梅一个，煎好，候
微温服之。
Pediatric cold malaria is characterized by an absence of sweating, resulting from initial exposure to cold pathogens followed by wind pathogens; thus, chills precede fever, with chills being more severe than heat. Ancient methods primarily employed Mahuang Qianghuo Tang (Mahuang Decoction with Notopterygium), containing Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Notopterygii Rhizoma (Qianghuo, 羌活), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), and raw Licorice Root (Sheng Gancao, 生甘草), with fresh ginger as a guide drug.
[Chen Shouzhen's Note] Cold is a yin pathogen. When children contract malaria due to cold invasion, they exhibit aversion to cold and muscle rigidity/tension, with a pale and sallow complexion, termed "cold malaria." Although there is no sweating, the use of Mahuang, Qianghuo, and Fangfeng induces excessive diaphoresis, which may lead to complications. Therefore, I prescribe: Ginger-processed Tangerine Peel (Jiang Chao Guangpi) 2 qian, Purple Magnolia Bark (Zi Chuanpu/Cinnamomi Cortex variant context implies Magnolia bark here usually Zhi Houpo but text says Zi Chuan Pu, likely referring to specific processing or local name for Magnolia bark in this context, strictly translating as Purple Chuanpu/Magnolia Bark) 1 qian, Drifted Atractylodes Rhizome (Piao Cangzhu, 苍术) 8 fen, Tsaoko Cardamom Seed (Caoguo Ren, 草果仁) 3 fen, Areca Nut (Huabinglang, 槟榔) 8 fen, Honey-fried Licorice Root (Zhi Gancao, 炙甘草) 5 fen, with fresh ginger slice and Cinnamon Twig Heart (Shang Guixin, 桂心) 1 fen (taken in solution) as guides.
Pediatric summerheat malaria arises from summerheat pathogen invasion. Yin qi is distinctly weak while yang qi flares independently, presenting with heat only and no chills, distinguishing it from wind malaria or cold malaria. Ancient methods primarily utilized Chaihu Baihu Tang (Bupleurum and White Tiger Decoction), containing Ginseng Radix (Renshen, 人参), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏), Prepared Gypsum Fibrosum (Shu Shigao, 熟石膏), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 知母), honey-fried Licorice Root (Zhi Gancao, 炙甘草), and late-season rice grains (Wan Jingmi, 晚粳米), with fresh ginger and Jujube (Dazao, 大枣) as guide drugs.
[Chen Shouzhen's Note] Although summerheat is also termed a yang pathogen, it contains cold within heat; thus, symptoms present as isolated heat without chills, accompanied by irritability, thirst, reduced sleep, intermittent nausea/vomiting, and emaciation, termed "summerheat malaria." Treatment should focus on resolving summerheat toxicity. Consequently, Chaihu and Shigao are ultimately unsuitable. I prescribe: Mulberry Leaf (Dongsangye, 冬桑叶) 2 qian, Calcined Turtle Shell (Zhi Biejia, 炙鳖甲) 2 qian (crushed), Large Anemarrhenae Rhizome (Fei Zhimu, 知母) 1.5 qian, Light Scutellariae Radix (Dan Huangqin, 黄芩) 1 qian, Zhejiang Fritillaria Bulb (Zhe Beimu, 浙贝母) 2 qian, Watermelon Rind (Xiguacuiyi, 西瓜翠衣) 3 qian, Dendrobium Stem (Chuanshihu, 川石斛) 1.5 qian, raw Licorice Root (Sheng Gancao, 生甘草) 5 fen, with Lotus Root Juice (Ou Zhi, 藕汁) 1 liang (taken in solution) as a guide.
Pediatric dampness malaria results from exposure to rain and dampness, bathing after sweating, or sitting/lying on wet ground. Ancient methods primarily employed Weiling Tang (Stomach and Five-Li Decoction), containing Bleached Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baimaoyu), Stir-fried Magnolia Bark (Chao Nongpu), Tangerine Peel (Guang Chenpi), Stir-fried Atractylodes Rhizome (Chao Baizhu, 白术), Poria (Baifuling, 茯苓), Polyporus (Jie Zhuling, 猪苓), Stir-fried Alisma Rhizome (Chao Zexie, 泽泻), honey-fried Licorice Root (Zhi Gancao, 炙甘草), and Cinnamon Twig (Shang Qinggui), with fresh ginger as a guide drug.
[Chen Shouzhen's Note] Dampness is also a yin pathogen. Once dampness malaria manifests, symptoms must include body swelling/pain, limb/joint weakness, vomiting/reversal of qi, and abdominal distension/fullness. I prescribe: Cloud Poria (Yun Fuling, 茯苓) 3 qian, Raw Wild Atractylodes Rhizome (Sheng Yeshu, 生野术) 1.5 qian, Stir-fried Coix Seed (Chao Yimi, 薏米) 2 qian, Magnolia Flower (Chuanpuhua, 川朴花) 1 flower, Pogostemon Leaf (Huoxiangye, 藿香叶) 8 fen, Kudzu Flower (Fengehua, 粉葛花) 5 fen, Areca Nut (Huabinglang, 槟榔) 8 fen, Stir-fried Pericymium Polygalae (Chao Changshan, 常山) 5 fen, with one Chinese Plum (Wumei, 乌梅) as a guide, decocted and taken when slightly warm.