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In all diseases, the clarity and freshness of Shen Qi (Spiritual Energy) is the primary concern. The two conditions of Fan (Restlessness/Agitation) and Zao (Irritability/Fidgeting), although appearing as mild symptoms, are actually signs of spiritual exhaustion and are not suitable in miscellaneous diseases or smallpox/rubella. However, speaking generally, both Fan and Zao belong to Heat syndromes. Analyzing them separately, Fan belongs to Yang and represents milder Heat; Zao belongs to Yin and represents severer Heat. Therefore, it is said: when Fire enters the Lung, Fan occurs; when Fire enters the Kidney, Zao occurs. Ultimately, all are caused by Heart Fire, because excessive Fire scorches Metal (Lung) and depletes Water (Kidney). When Lung Heat causes Fan, there is restlessness in sitting and lying down; when Kidney Heat causes Zao, there must have been prior diarrhea, but one must examine when this occurred. If Fan appears at the initial stage of fever, this is internal depression of toxic Fire. If Fan persists after the eruption of sores, this is toxin hidden internally, not yet fully expelled. If the sores have fully erupted and risen but Fan persists, this is Yin deficiency. If the patient throws hands and feet about, disturbing clothes and breaking them, this indicates severe Heat on the exterior. If consciousness is confused and the body turns repeatedly, this indicates severe Heat in the interior. If vomiting, diarrhea, inability to eat, and irritability occur together, this is deficiency of Righteous Qi. If dry fluids, thirst, vexation without true heat, and inability to sleep occur, this is insufficiency of Body Fluids. If there is no bowel movement for six or seven days accompanied by irritability, this is internal excess with dry feces. If the patient is irritable during the day but quiet at night, this is due to Yang abundance during the day; at night, Yang recedes, leading to quietness; Qi-level formulas should be used with Gardenia Seed (Zhi Zi Ren) as the main treatment. If the patient is clear during the day but irritable at night, this is due to Yang sinking into Yin; at night, Yin becomes abundant, causing conflict between Yin and Yang, resulting in irritability; Blood-level formulas should be used with Gardenia Seed (Zhi Zi Ren) as the main treatment. If the stool is black, the face is yellow, the patient is delirious, irritable, panting, thirsty, with abdominal distension or pain, this indicates blood stasis in the interior; in severe cases, Tao Ren Cheng Qi Tang (Peach Kernel Draining the Interior Decoction) should be used. If the condition progresses to vomiting, diarrhea, cold limbs, abdominal distension, panting, and irritability, along with unconsciousness, delirium, and manic disturbance, this is called Men Luan (Confusion and Chaos), which constitutes untreatable conditions.

Sweat is the fluid of the Heart. Internally, due to steaming by Heat, the Cou Li (pores/skin texture) open and leak, so fluids exit with Qi. Although there are distinctions between Dao Han (Night Sweats) and Zi Han (Spontaneous Sweats), all can lead to deficiency in the person. If sweating occurs before the pustules fill with pus, they cannot fill; if sweating occurs while filling, they cannot crust over; if sweating occurs after crusting, it will inevitably lead to blood depletion and Yang deficiency, transforming into other diseases, so urgent regulation is required. However, there are degrees of severity. Danxi stated: Spontaneous sweating is not harmful; this is due to steaming by Damp-Heat, specifically referring to mild cases. In mild cases, it is not only harmless but also a favorable sign in smallpox. In severe cases, Qi and Blood leak away, so urgent use of Ginseng (Ren Shen) type herbs, added with Floating Wheat (Fu Xiao Mai) to astringe, is needed; if there is Heat, add Wine-fried Scutellaria Root (Jiu Huang Qin). For night sweats, use Scutellaria Root (Huang Qin), Coptis Rhizome (Huang Lian), Angelica Sinensis (Dang Gui), Rehmannia Root (Shu Di Huang), White Peony Root (Bai Shao), and Raw Rehmannia Root (Sheng Di Huang). If the body is cold and aversion to cold exists but sweating occurs, urgently administer Ginseng (Ren Shen), Aconite Root (Fu Zi), Cinnamon Twig (Gui Zhi), Poria (Fu Ling), Licorice Root (Gan Cao), and Astragalus Root (Huang Qi). If coldness persists, sweating wets the hair, panting does not stop, sweat beads like pearls, sweating leads to drowsiness, profuse sweating with vexation and thirst, or lung failure with oily sweat, these are all untreatable.

Sweating without an apparent cause is called spontaneous sweating (Zi Han). Sweating during sleep is called night sweating (Dao Han). Sweating above the waist with vexation and heat is called Stomach Excess Sweat (Wei Shi Han). Sweating profusely with high heat that resolves upon sweating is called Pathogenic Heat Sweat (Xie Re Han). Sweating continuously with worsening heat is called Yang Deficiency Sweat (Yang Xu Han). However, in smallpox, sweating is considered auspicious because slight sweating at the beginning indicates harmony of Yin and Yang, smooth flow of Ying and Wei, non-retention of pathogenic factors, and ease of eruption and resolution. Slight sweating during the pus-forming stage is also a sign of sufficient Qi and Blood. However, there are cases of excessive release of exterior pathogens leading to empty Cou Li and profuse sweating; cases of Heart Heat causing night sweats; cases of deficiency of Yang organs causing sweating on the head or neck not extending below the chest; cases of Stomach deficiency causing sweating on the neck, chest, and umbilicus; cases of Liver Wood insulting Earth causing spontaneous sweating with convulsions and salivation; cases of Stomach excess causing sweating on the four limbs, red face, and thirst; cases of scab falling with exterior deficiency causing profuse sweating. Treatment follows the specific cause. In summary, sweat is transformed from Blood; it indicates that Yin Qi cannot be stored internally. If spontaneous sweating is due to Yang deficiency, greatly tonify Qi to astringe it; if sweating occurs during sleep, primarily nourish Blood while supplementing Qi; if latent Heat in Ying level causes leakage of Body Fluids, add Blood-cooling herbs within the context of nourishment.