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Suanjiangshi (Fructus Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii), when swallowed by pregnant women, ensures safe and worry-free delivery; for children, consuming it clears heat and is beneficial. The root, crushed to extract juice, is extremely bitter and effectively treats jaundice, facilitating its resolution.

Shiwei (Folium Pyrrosiae) must have the yellow hairs on its back brushed off before use. It treats enuresis and stranguria, unblocks the Bladder and promotes diuresis, treats carbuncles and back sores, dispels wind-cold and relieves irritability, nourishes essence and qi, tonifies the five types of exhaustion (Wulao), eliminates pathogenic heat, and calms the Zang organs. Shiwei growing on tiles is named "Wa Wei" (Tile Moss) and is also excellent for treating stranguria.

It tastes sweet and bland, has a cold nature, and is non-toxic. Due to its sweet, cold, and bland-diffusing properties, it primarily unblocks and benefits the Small Intestine, treating hematuria with fatty sediment (Gaolin) caused by blood-heat, as well as swelling and fullness due to Spleen dampness, abdominal distension like a drum, wheezing preventing lying down. It is a herb belonging to the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian. However, it has diffusing and draining effects but no tonifying action. Therefore, if swelling is due to Spleen deficiency, or stranguria/turbid urine is due to insufficiency of True Yin, it is contraindicated.

Haijinsha (Spora Lygodii) treats urinary retention and fullness/stuffiness below the umbilicus. It governs swelling and fullness due to damp-heat, and various forms of stranguria including Gaolin and Xuelin. It specifically targets damp-heat in the Small Intestine and can be used to prepare pills or powders.

Its root is named Changshan (Radix Dichroae). It inherits the Yin-cold Qi of Heaven and Earth, tastes bitter and acrid, is cold in nature, and is toxic. Bitterness drains downward, and acridity disperses outward, so it excels at driving out retained fluids (Yin). Its Yin-cold nature clears heat, so it excels at breaking through miasma/toxic pathogens. It induces immediate vomiting upon ingestion, revealing its violent and fierce nature. Ancient formulas frequently used it for malaria, likely because the miasma from the mountainous regions of Lingnan and Western Yue infects the Ying and Wei levels and skin pores; to eliminate the root of this miasma from the skin and pores, Changshan is indispensable. Its function is to驱逐 (drive away) phlegm accumulation and fluid retention, and it excels at dissipating mountain miasma.

Shuqiang (Herba Dichroae), which is the young shoot of Changshan, disperses rebellious Fire-Evil, breaks up abscesses, masses, hard nodules, and accumulated凝滞 (stagnation), treats insect toxins, Gui Zhu (ghostly infections), and chronic malaria, and also regulates cough and counterflow qi. Do not take excessive amounts. Also guard against inducing nausea/vomiting. Changshan is remarkably effective in arresting warm malaria and expelling phlegm froth, driving out water distension, and eliminating ghostly parasites. Do not swallow while hot. Since it is often collected during dew exposure, it is especially contraindicated for the elderly with chronic illness. It is a herb with Yin-toxicity and fierce properties; although it can break miasma and drive out fluids, effectively treating chronic malaria, it should only be used after exterior pathogenic factors have been dispersed and the pathogen has been raised to the Yang level. It severely damages True Qi. If malaria is not caused by miasma but by old phlegm and fluid retention, do not use it lightly, as its faults may outweigh its merits.

Note: Changshan is very effective in arresting malaria because malaria invariably involves the accumulation of yellow phlegm in the chest, hence the saying: "No phlegm, no malaria." Furthermore, the Wiry pulse governs phlegm-fluids, and the pulse in malaria is invariably Wiry. Since Changshan excels at removing old phlegm and fluid retention, it is a key herb for malaria patients. It must be stir-fried thoroughly with good wine; otherwise, it will induce vomiting. If combined with Renshen (Ginseng Root) and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), it can both eliminate the disease and mitigate its fierce nature.