续命汤 治中风痱，身体不能自收，口不能言，冒昧不知痛处，或拘急不得转侧。
麻黄 桂枝 石膏 干姜 杏仁（四十枚） 川芎 当归 人参 甘草（各三两）
上九味，以水一斗，煮取四升，温服一升，当小汗。薄覆脊，凭几坐，汗出自愈。不
汗更服。无所禁，勿当风。并治脉伏不得卧，咳逆上气，面目浮肿。
【集注】赵良曰∶痱病者，营卫气血，不养于内外，故身体不用，机关不利，精神不
治。然是证有虚、有实。虚者自饮食房劳七情感之，如《内经》所谓内夺而厥，则为喑
痱之类是也。实者自风寒暑湿感之。虚者不可以实治，治之则愈散其气血。今此方明言
中风痱，是属营卫之实邪也，故用续命。续命乃麻黄汤之变者，加干姜以开血受寒邪，石
膏以解肌受风邪，当归和血，人参益气，川芎行血散风也。其并治咳逆上气，面浮者，亦
以为风寒所致也。
三生饮 治卒中，昏不知人，口眼歪斜，半身不遂，并痰厥、气厥。
南星（生用，一两） 川乌（去皮，生用，五钱） 附子
（去皮，生用，五钱） 木香（二钱）
上每服五钱，姜水煎；加人参一两。
【集注】柯琴曰∶风为阳邪，风中无寒，不甚伤人，惟风中挟寒，害始剧矣。寒轻而
在表者，宜发汗以逐邪；寒重而入里者，非温中补虚终不可救。此取三物之大辛、大热
者，且不炮不制，更佐以木香，乘其至刚、至锐之气而用之，非专以治风，兼以治寒也。然
邪之所凑，其气必虚，但知勇于攻邪，若正气虚而不支，能无倒戈之患乎？必用人参两
许以驾驭其邪，此薛己真知确见，立于不败之地而收万全之效者也。若在庸手，必谓补
住邪气而不敢用，此谨熟阴阳，毋与众谋，岐伯所以叮咛致告耳。观其每服五钱，必四服
而邪始出。今之畏事者，用乌、附分数，必制熟而后敢用，更以芩连监制之，乌能挽回
如是之危证哉？古今人不相及，信然。本方去乌、附即星香散，治痰厥、气厥足矣。
稀涎千缗汤 治风痰不下，喉中声如牵锯，或中湿肿满。
半夏（大者，十四枚） 猪牙皂角（炙，一挺） 甘草（一钱） 白矾（二钱）
上四味为末，用生姜自然汁少许，冲温水一盏，调末一钱，灌之，得吐痰涎，即醒。
【集注】柯琴曰∶攻邪有汗、吐、下三法，仲景于吐剂立栀子鼓、瓜蒂二方，所以导热
邪之上出，逐寒邪而外散也。其有不因外感，因醇酒浓味渐积，凝结变为顽痰，一旦乘虚
上塞咽喉，气不得通，忽然昏仆，目反直视，喉中声如牵锯，此为痰厥。先辈所云∶怪证
多属于痰者，此也。非用峻药以攻之，顽痰不能遽退，故用生姜、半夏之辛以散之，甘
草之甘以涌之，白矾之涩以敛之，牙皂之勇以开之。此斩关夺门之势，惟禀气素实而暂
虚者可用，壅塞稍疏，续进他药，不可多用以伤元气。如平素虚弱者，又当攻补兼施，六
君子汤中加牙皂、白矾末以吐之，则庶几矣。若误作中风治之，去生便远。
秦艽升麻汤 治风寒客胃，口眼 斜，恶
见风寒，四肢拘急，脉浮而紧。
升麻 葛根 秦艽 白芷 防风 桂枝 甘草 人参 芍药 葱白
上十味，水煎服。
【集注】李中梓曰∶至哉坤元！为五脏之主。木胜风淫，则仓廪之官受制，脾主四肢，
故痿痹也。口为土之外候，眼为木之为外候，故俱病也。升麻、白芷皆阳明本药，故用为
直入之兵。桂枝、芍药和其营卫，防风、秦艽驱散风邪，葱根佐风药发汗，则无微不达，
又借人参、甘草补而和之，则大气周流，而邪气有不散者乎！
防风黄 汤 治中风不能言，脉迟而弱者。
防风 黄 （等分）
水煎服。
【集注】柯琴曰∶夫风者，百病之长也。邪风之至，急如风雨，善治者治皮毛，故用
防风以驱逐表邪。邪之所凑，其气必虚，故用黄 以鼓舞正气。黄 得防风，其功愈大
者，一攻一补，相须相得之义也。唐柳太后中风不言，许荫宗造防风黄 汤数十斤，置
床下蒸之，身在气中居，次日便能语，是以外气通内气，令气行而愈也。经曰∶五气入
鼻，藏于心肺，上使耳目修明，声音能彰。制此方者，其知此义矣。夫熏蒸之力，尚能去
病，况服之乎！今人治风，惟以发散为足法，而禁用参、 ，岂知目盲不能视，口噤不能
言，皆元气不足使然耳。谁知补气可以御风，正胜而邪却之理耶！神而明之，存乎其人。信哉！
玉屏风散 治风邪久留而不散者，自汗不止者亦宜。
防风 黄 白术（等分）
上为细末，酒调服。
【集注】柯琴曰∶邪之所凑，其气必虚，故治风者，不患无以驱之，而患无以御之；不
畏风之不去，而畏风之复来。何则？发散太过，元府不闭故也。昧者不知托里固表之法，
遍试风药以驱之，去者自去，来者自来，邪气留连，终无解期矣。防风遍行周身，称治
风之仙药，上清头面七窍，内除骨节疼痹，外解四肢挛急，为风药中之润剂，治风独取此
味，任重功专矣，然卫气者，所以温分肉而充皮肤，肥腠理而司开阖，惟黄 能补三焦
而实卫，为元府御风之关健，且元汗能发，有汗能止，功同桂枝，故又能除头目风热，大
风癫疾，肠风下血，妇人子脏风，是补剂中之风药也。所以防风得黄 ，其功愈大耳。白
术健脾胃，温分肉，培土即以宁风也。夫以防风之善驱风，得黄 以固表，则外有所卫；
得白术以固里，则内有所据。风邪去而不复来。此欲散风邪者，当根据如屏，珍如玉也。其
自汗不止者，亦以微邪在表，皮毛肌肉之不固耳。
黄 五物汤 治风靡身无痛，半身不遂，手足无力，不能动履者。久久服之，自见其功。
黄 （蜜炙，六钱） 白芍药（酒炒，三钱） 桂枝（嫩枝连皮，三钱） 生姜
（外皮，三钱） 大枣（去核，四枚）
水煎服。
【注】经曰∶虚邪偏客于身半，其入深者，内居营卫，营卫衰则真气去，邪气独留，发
为偏枯；其邪气浅者，脉偏痛。此谓虚邪贼风之中人也。营卫虚则其人深，久留发为偏
枯、半身不遂也。营卫实则其人浅，即作经脉偏痛、风痹病也。八风、五痹之病，营卫
实者，则以续命汤、换骨丹发其营卫之邪。风靡。偏枯之病，是营卫虚，则当以此汤补其
营卫之虚也。故君黄 以补卫，臣桂、芍以补营，佐姜、枣补而兼通，以和营卫也。此
方乃小建中汤之变制，加黄 减甘草、饴糖者，是其意在补外，而不在补中也。若左半
身不遂，则加当归以补血；右半身不遂，则倍黄 以补气；手软倍桂枝；足软加牛膝；筋
软加木瓜；骨软加虎骨；元气虚加人参；阳气虚加附子；在临证者消息之。久久服之，无
不应也。如外风邪盛，则又当从事乎羌活愈风汤，补而散之可也。
羌活愈风汤 治年近四旬，营卫不足，肝肾虚弱，风中经络。精神恍惚，语言不清，半
身不遂，手足麻木，筋骨无力；或手足枯瘦浮肿，或手足筋挛不收。一切风病稍愈之后，
调理俱宜此方。及初觉大指次指麻木不用，手足少力，或肌肉微掣，口眼跳动，若不预防
调治，三年之内，风病必生，亦宜服之。
羌活 甘草（炙） 防风 黄 蔓荆子 地骨皮 川芎 细辛 枳壳 人参 麻黄
知母 甘菊花 薄荷 枸杞 当归 独活 白芷 杜仲 秦艽 柴胡 半夏（制） 浓朴（姜
制） 熟地黄 防己（以上各二两） 芍药 黄芩 白茯苓（各三两） 石膏 生地 苍术（各四两） 官
桂（一两） 前胡（二两）
上每服一两，水二盏，煎一盏，去滓，空心温服。如遇天阴，加生姜三片，临卧再煎，
滓俱要，食远空心服。
清热化痰汤 治中风痰热，神气不清，舌强难言。
人参 白术 茯苓 甘草（炙） 橘红 半夏 麦冬 石菖蒲 枳实 木香 竹茹 黄芩 黄连 南星
水煎，加竹沥。姜汁服。
【注】中风有内生、外中二因。内生则因胃浊生痰，志极动火；外中则因形气不固，感
召风邪。所以内生者，病必痰迷不语，火发神昏。外中者，病必筋骨不用，口眼歪斜。单
发者易治，同发者难愈。然此病之来，必有先兆。如大指次指麻木不仁或手足无力，或
肌肉微掣，此营卫受邪，外中之先兆也。如上盛下虚，头眩脚软，神短忽忽，言语失常，
此痰火将发，内生之先兆也。医方中预防外中、内生之剂甚多，皆不若羌活愈风，清热
化痰二方均以补正为主，除邪次之。故羌活愈风，以十全大补汤为君剂；清热化痰，以
六君子汤为君剂也。羌活愈风汤，用人参、苓、草以补气，归、地、芍药以补血，黄 、桂
枝以扶卫，麻黄、芎 以调营。湿盛则筋骨痿软，故佐苍、半，防己以除之。风盛则筋
骨拘劲，故佐枸、杜、地黄以滋之。病久气必滞，故佐枳壳、浓朴以行之。风多从燥化，
故佐知、膏、黄芩以清之。更佐诸羌、独辈发散之品，以驱六经之风，是风非汗不除也。
久病风邪之人，若一旬无汗，须加麻黄微汗以和其表。若数日大便不利，更加大黄微利
以和其里。春倍柴胡、半夏，夏倍知、膏、黄芩，季夏倍防己、术、苓，秋倍浓朴加桂、藿，
冬倍归、桂加附子，此皆通塞从时，活变法也。一气一候亦然，假如今日风气大来，是
风淫也，则倍防风；热气大来，是火淫也，则借黄芩；湿气大来，是湿淫也，则倍苍术；清
气大来，是燥淫也，则倍桂枝皮；寒气大来，是寒淫也，则加炮附子。此又随气候加药法
也。清热化痰汤，用参、苓、术、草以补气，木香、枳实以利气，橘、半、南星以化痰，黄
芩、黄连以泻热，菖蒲通心，麦、竹清心，姜汁、竹沥通神明去胃浊，则内生诸病自渐愈
矣。气实减人参、白术者，恐助热也。气虚减木香枳实者，恐伤气也。痰热甚盛，大便
秘实者，此方攻病力缓，又当与礞石滚痰丸相兼服之，大便利，止再服，恐过则伤正也。
若利后数日，仍秘实者，仍服之，是又恐痰热盛而助邪也。其变通加减施治，总在临证
者消息之，难以尽述。
防风通圣散 风热壅盛，表里三焦皆实者，此方主之。
防风 川芎 当归 芍药 大黄 薄荷 麻黄 连翘 芒硝（各半两） 石膏 黄芩 桔
梗（各一两） 滑石（三两） 甘草（三两） 荆芥 白术 栀子（各二钱半） 生姜（三片）
每服三钱。
【集注】吴琨曰∶防风、麻黄解表药也，风热之在皮肤者，得之由汗而泄。荆芥、薄
荷清上药也，风热之在颠顶者，得之由鼻而泄。大黄、芒硝通利药也，风热之在肠胃者，
得之由后而泄。滑石、栀子水道药也，风热之在决渎者，得之由尿而泄。风淫于肺，肺
胃受邪，石膏、桔梗清肺胃也。而连翘、黄芩，又所以祛诸经之游火。风之为患，肝木
主之，川芎、归、芍，和肝血也。而甘草、白术，所以和胃气而健脾。刘守真长于治火，此
方之旨详且悉哉！亦治失下发斑，三焦火实。全方除硝、黄名双解散，解表有防风、麻黄、
薄荷、荆芥、川芎，解里有石膏、滑石、黄芩、栀子、连翘，复有当归、芍药以和血，桔
梗、白术、甘草以调气，营卫皆和，表里俱畅，故曰双解。本方名曰通圣，极言其用之妙耳。
九味羌活汤（一名冲和汤） 四时发散之通剂。
羌活 防风 川芎 白芷 细辛 苍术 黄芩 甘草 生地
加生姜三片，葱白三茎，水煎服。
活人败毒散 治伤寒温疫，风湿风眩，拘蜷风痰，头痛目眩，四肢痛，憎寒壮热，项
强睛疼。老人小儿皆可服。
羌活 独活 前胡 柴胡 川芎 枳壳 白茯苓 桔梗 人参（各一两） 甘草（五钱）
上为细末，每服二钱，水一盏，入生姜三片，煎七分，温服，或沸汤点服。
烦热口干，加黄芩。
【集注】赵羽皇曰∶东南地土卑湿，凡患感冒，辄以伤寒二字混称。不知伤者，正气
伤于中，寒者，寒气客于外，未有外感而内不伤者也。仲景医门之圣，立法高出千古，其
言冬时严寒，万类深藏，君子固密，不伤于寒。触冒之者，乃名伤寒，以失于固密而然。
可见人之伤寒，悉由元气不固，肤腠之不密也。昔人常言伤寒为汗病，则汗法其首重矣。
然汗之发也，其出自阳，其源自阴，故阳气虚，则营卫不和而汗不能作；阴气弱，则津
液枯涸而汗不能滋。但攻其外，罔顾其内可乎？表汗无如败毒散、羌活汤。其药如二活、
二胡、芎、苍、辛、芷群队辛温，非不发散，若无人参、生地之大力者居乎其中，则形气
素虚者，必至亡阳；血虚挟热者，必至亡阴，而成痼疾矣。是败毒散之人参，与冲和汤之
生地，人谓其补益之法，我知其托里之法。盖补中兼发，邪气不致于流连；发中带补，真
元不致于耗散，施之于东南地卑气暖之乡，最为相宜，此古人制方之义。然形气俱实，或
内热炽盛，则更当以河间法为是也。
胡天锡曰∶非其时而有其气，惟气血两虚之人受之。寒客营而风客卫，不可用峻剂，
Xuming Tang (Decoction for Continuing Life) treats stroke fei syndrome (stroke with flaccidity and aphasia), characterized by the inability to control the body voluntarily, inability to speak, mental confusion without awareness of pain locations, or limb stiffness preventing turning over.
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Ganjiang, 干姜), Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁 - 40 seeds), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草 - each 3 liang).
The above nine ingredients are decocted in 10 dou of water until 4 sheng remain. Take 1 sheng warm; slight sweating should occur. Cover the back lightly, sit leaning on a table, and recovery will follow naturally upon sweating. If no sweat occurs, take again. No dietary restrictions apply, but avoid wind. It also treats pulse deep and hidden with inability to lie flat, cough with rebellious qi, and edema of the face and eyes.
[Collected Notes] Zhao Liang said: In fei disease, Ying and Wei Qi and Blood fail to nourish the interior and exterior, hence the body is unusable, joints are stiff, and spirit is disordered. However, this condition has deficiency and excess patterns. Deficiency arises from diet, sexual exhaustion, or emotional injury, as described in *Neijing* as "internal depletion leading to厥, resulting in aphasia and fei." Excess arises from external contraction of Wind-Cold-Damp-Heat. Deficiency must not be treated as excess, or it will further scatter Qi and Blood. This formula explicitly treats stroke fei due to excess pathogenic factors in Ying and Wei, hence named Xuming. Xuming Tang is a modification of Mahuang Tang, adding Ganjiang to open blood vessels affected by Cold, Shigao to resolve Wind affecting muscles, Danggui to harmonize Blood, Renshen to tonify Qi, and Chuanxiong to move Blood and scatter Wind. Its treatment of cough, rebellious qi, and facial edema is also attributed to Wind-Cold.
Sansheng Yin (Three Lives Decoction) treats apoplexy with unconsciousness, deviation of mouth and eyes, hemiplegia, as well as Phlegm Jue and Qi Jue.
Arisaematis Rhizoma (Shengyong Nanxing, 南星 raw use, 1 liang), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Shengyong Chuanwu, 川乌 raw peeled use, 5 qian), Aconiti Radix Preparata (Shengyong Fuzi, 附子 raw peeled use, 5 qian), Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang, 木香, 2 qian).
Take 5 qian per dose, decocted in ginger water; add 1 liang of Renshen.
[Collected Notes] Ke Qin said: Wind is a Yang pathogen; Wind alone does not severely harm people, but Wind carrying Cold causes severe damage. For mild Cold in the exterior, diaphoresis is indicated to expel pathogens; for severe Cold entering the interior, warming the middle and tonifying deficiency are essential for salvation. This formula uses three herbs of extreme pungency and heat, unprocessed, aided by Muxiang, leveraging their extreme rigidity and sharpness. It treats not only Wind but also Cold. Where pathogens gather, Qi is necessarily deficient. Knowing only to attack pathogens vigorously while Qi is weak risks collapse. One must use large doses of Renshen to manage the pathogens. This is Xue Ji's profound insight, ensuring victory and complete efficacy. Ignorant physicians fear tonification will retain pathogens and dare not use it, contrary to Qibo's advice to "master Yin-Yang and consult no one else." Taking 5 qian per dose, four doses are needed for pathogens to exit. Modern practitioners fear using Chuanwu and Fuzi, processing them thoroughly and restricting them with Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连); how can they save such critical conditions? Ancients and moderns differ greatly, truly so. Removing Chuanwu and Fuzi from this formula yields Xingxiang San, sufficient for treating Phlegm Jue and Qi Jue.
Xixian Qianmin Tang (Phlegm-Saliva Thousand-Mill String Decoction) treats Wind-Phlegm failing to descend, hoarse sounds like sawing in the throat, or dampness causing swelling and fullness.
Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia, 半夏 - large ones, 14 pieces), Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus Spina (Zhuya Zaojiao, 猪牙皂角 roasted, 1 stick), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草, 1 qian), Alumen (Baifan, 白矾, 2 qian).
Grind the above four into powder. Mix a small amount of fresh Ginger Juice (Shengjiang Ziran Zhi, 生姜自然汁) with one cup of warm water, stir in 1 qian of powder, and administer. Vomiting phlegm-saliva leads to awakening.
[Collected Notes] Ke Qin said: Expelling pathogens employs Sweating, Vomiting, and Purging methods. Zhang Zhongjing established Zhiizi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) and Gouti San (Melon Seed Powder) as vomiting agents to guide Heat upward and expel Cold outward. Conditions not caused by external contraction but by accumulation of rich food and alcohol forming stubborn Phlegm, which suddenly blocks the throat when Qi is deficient, causing sudden collapse, staring eyes, and sawing sounds, is called Phlegm Jue. As seniors said, "Strange diseases often belong to Phlegm." Only harsh drugs can rapidly dispel stubborn Phlegm. Thus, Pungent Banxia and Ginger disperse, Sweet Gancao induces vomiting, Astringent Baifan consolidates, and Brave Zaojiao opens orifices. This is a forceful breakthrough strategy, suitable only for those with robust constitution temporarily weakened. Once obstruction clears, continue with other medicines; do not overuse to damage Yuan Qi. For chronically weak patients, combine attacking and tonifying: add Zaojiao and Baifan powder to Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) to induce vomiting. Misdiagnosing this as stroke leads to death.
Qinjiao Shengma Tang (Gentian and Cimicifuga Decoction) treats Wind-Cold lodging in the Stomach meridian, causing deviation of mouth and eyes, aversion to Wind and Cold, limb stiffness, and floating-tight pulse.
Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻), Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen, 葛根), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Qinjiao, 秦艽), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药), Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (Congbai, 葱白).
Decoct the above ten ingredients in water and take.
[Collected Notes] Li Zhongzi said: The Earth's virtue is great! It is the master of the five Zang organs. When Wood wins and Wind floods, the Grain Storehouse official (Spleen/Stomach) is constrained. Spleen governs limbs, hence flaccidity and bi-syndrome. The mouth is the external manifestation of Earth, eyes of Wood, hence both are diseased. Shengma and Baizhi are primary herbs of the Yangming channel, used as direct troops. Guizhi and Shaoyao harmonize Ying and Wei; Fangfeng and Qinjiao disperse Wind; Congbai assists wind-dispersing herbs to induce sweating, reaching every corner. Renshen and Gancao tonify and harmonize, allowing Great Qi to circulate, ensuring pathogens dissipate.
Fangfeng Huangqi Tang (Saposhnikovia and Astragalus Decoction) treats stroke with aphasia and slow-weak pulse.
Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Astragali Membranacei Radix (Huangqi, 黄芪) in equal parts.
Decoct in water and take.
[Collected Notes] Ke Qin said: Wind is the leader of a hundred diseases. Evil Wind arrives swiftly like rain and wind; skilled treatment targets the skin and hair, hence Fangfeng expels exterior pathogens. Where pathogens gather, Qi is deficient; thus Huangqi encourages Righteous Qi. Huangqi combined with Fangfeng increases efficacy, embodying the principle of mutual assistance between attacking and tonifying. Empress Dowager Liu of Tang suffered stroke aphasia; Xu Yinzong prepared dozens of jin of Fangfeng Huangqi Tang, steaming it under the bed so she breathed the vapor, enabling speech the next day. External Qi connects to Internal Qi, promoting circulation and cure. The Classic states: "Five Qi enter the nose, store in Heart and Lung, brightening ears and eyes, clarifying voice." The creator of this formula understood this. Steaming power cures disease, let alone ingestion! Moderns treat Wind only with dispersing herbs, forbidding Renshen and Huangqi, unaware that blindness and locked jaw result from insufficient Yuan Qi. Who knows that tonifying Qi repels Wind, and Righteousness overcoming Pathogens restores health? Divine understanding lies with the individual. Truly!
Yupingfeng San (Jade Windscreen Powder) treats lingering Wind pathogens and persistent spontaneous sweating.
Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Astragali Membranacei Radix (Huangqi, 黄芪), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) in equal parts.
Grind into fine powder, mix with wine and take.
[Collected Notes] Ke Qin said: Where pathogens gather, Qi is deficient. Treating Wind, one fears not lack of expulsion methods but lack of defense methods; one fears not Wind leaving but returning. Why? Excessive dispersal leaves pores open. Ignorant practitioners try all wind-dispersing herbs, but departing pathogens leave, arriving ones return, lingering indefinitely. Fangfeng travels the whole body, called the immortal herb for Wind, clearing head/orifices, relieving joint pain, resolving limb spasms, being a moistening agent among wind herbs. It bears heavy responsibility and specialized function. Wei Qi warms flesh, fills skin, thickens interstices, and controls opening/closing. Only Huangqi tonifies Sanjiao and solidifies Wei Qi, acting as the key gatekeeper against Wind at the pores. It can induce sweat or stop it, functioning like Guizhi Tang, thus clearing head/eye Wind-Heat, curing leprosy, intestinal bleeding, and uterine Wind. It is a wind herb among tonics. Hence, Fangfeng plus Huangqi increases efficacy. Baizhu strengthens Spleen/Stomach, warms flesh, and calms Wind by fortifying Earth. With Fangfeng expelling Wind, Huangqi securing the exterior, and Baizhu securing the interior, Wind departs and does not return. Those dispersing Wind should rely on this like a jade screen. Spontaneous sweating is due to slight exterior pathogens and insecure skin/muscles.
Huangqi Wuwu Tang (Astragalus Five Substance Decoction) treats widespread Wind without pain, hemiplegia, limb weakness, and inability to walk. Long-term use yields results.
Astragali Membranacei Radix (Huangqi, 黄芪 honey-fried, 6 qian), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 白芍酒炒, 3 qian), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝 tender branch with skin, 3 qian), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜 outer skin, 3 qian), Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣 pitted, 4 pieces).
Decoct in water and take.
[Note] The Classic states: When empty pathogens lodge asymmetrically, deep invasion affects Ying and Wei; decline of Ying and Wei leads to loss of True Qi, leaving only pathogens, causing hemiplegia. Shallow invasion causes unilateral pulse pain. This describes invasion by empty evil and thief wind. Deep Ying/Wei deficiency leads to hemiplegia; superficial excess leads to meridian pain and Wind-Bi. For Eight Winds and Five Bies with excess Ying/Wei, use Xuming Tang or Huangu Dan to release pathogens. For Wind-mimicking and hemiplegia with deficiency, tonify Ying/Wei deficiency with this formula. Huangqi tonifies Wei as Sovereign; Guizhi and Shaoyao tonify Ying as Ministers; Ginger and Jujube tonify and unblock as Assistants, harmonizing Ying and Wei. This is a variation of Xiaojianzhong Tang, adding Huangqi and removing Gancao/YiTang, intending to tonify the exterior rather than the middle. For left-side hemiplegia, add Danggui to tonify Blood; for right-side, double Huangqi to tonify Qi; for soft hands, double Guizhi; for soft feet, add Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix (Niuxi, 牛膝); for soft tendons, add Chaenomelis Fructus (Mu Gua, 木瓜); for soft bones, add Panthera Tigris Os (Hugu, 虎骨); for Yuan Qi deficiency, add Renshen; for Yang Qi deficiency, add Fuzi. Adjust according to clinical presentation. Long-term use is effective. If exterior Wind is strong, use Qianghuo Yufeng Tang to tonify and disperse.
Qianghuo Yufeng Tang (Notopterygium and Wind-Resolving Decoction) treats individuals near forty with insufficient Ying/Wei, Liver/Kidney deficiency, and Wind invading meridians. Symptoms include absent-mindedness, unclear speech, hemiplegia, numbness, limb weakness, emaciated/swollen limbs, or tendon spasms. Suitable for conditioning after mild improvement of any Wind disease. Also for early signs: numbness of thumb/index finger, limb weakness, muscle twitching, or eye/mouth twitching. Without prevention/treatment, Wind disease will arise within three years; this formula is also suitable.
Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata (Zhi Gancao, 甘草 roasted), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Astragali Membranacei Radix (Huangqi, 黄芪), Viticis Fructus (Manjingzi, 蔓荆子), Lycii Cortex (Digupi, 地骨皮), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, 细辛), Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhiqiao, 枳壳), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 知母), Chrysanthemi Indici Flos (Ganjuhua, 甘菊花), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe, 薄荷), Lycii Fructus (Gouqi, 枸杞), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Duohuo, 独活), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Eucommiae Cortex (Duzhong, 杜仲), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Qinjiao, 秦艽), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Zhi Banxia, 半夏 processed), Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (Jiang Zhi Houpo, 浓朴 ginger-processed), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shudihuang, 熟地黄), Podagricae Rhizoma (Fangji, 防己 - each 2 liang above), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Poria (Baifuling, 白茯苓 - each 3 liang), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), Rehmanniae Radix (Shengdi, 生地), Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu, 苍术 - each 4 liang), Cinnamomi Cortex (Guixin, 官桂, 1 liang), Peucedani Radix (Qianhu, 前胡, 2 liang).
Take 1 liang per dose, decoct in 2 cups of water to 1 cup, strain, and take warm on an empty stomach. On cloudy days, add 3 slices of Ginger, decoct again before sleep; dregs are retained. Take far from meals on an empty stomach.
Qingre Huatan Tang (Clear Heat and Resolve Phlegm Decoction) treats stroke with Phlegm-Heat, unclear spirit, and stiff tongue/difficulty speaking.
Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata (Zhi Gancao, 甘草 roasted), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Juhong, 橘红), Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum (Banxia, 半夏), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 麦冬), Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Shichangpu, 石菖蒲), Imperatae Rhizoma (Zhishi, 枳实), Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang, 木香), Bambusae Folium (Zhuru, 竹茹), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连), Arisaematis Rhizoma (Nanxing, 南星).
Decoct in water, add Bamboo Sap (Zhuli, 竹沥) and Ginger Juice (Jiangzhi, 姜汁) before taking.
[Note] Stroke has internal generation and external contraction causes. Internal: Stomach turbidity generates Phlegm, extreme emotion moves Fire. External: Weak form/Qi invites Wind. Internal cases present with Phlegm-confusion/silence and Fire-delirium. External cases present with limb dysfunction and facial deviation. Single onset is easier to treat; simultaneous onset is harder. Prodromal signs exist: Numbness of thumb/index, limb weakness, or muscle twitching indicates Ying/Wei invasion (external prodrome). Upper excess/lower deficiency, dizziness, weak legs, short spirit, abnormal speech indicates impending Phlegm-Fire (internal prodrome). Many preventive formulas exist, but Qianghuo Yufeng Tang and Qingre Huatan Tang prioritize tonifying Righteousness over expelling Pathogens. Qianghuo Yufeng Tang uses Shiquan Dabuy Tang as Sovereign; Qingre Huatan Tang uses Liujunzi Tang as Sovereign. Qianghuo Yufeng Tang uses Renshen/Fuling/Gancao to tonify Qi, Danggui/Diyao/Shaoyao to tonify Blood, Huangqi/Guizhi to support Wei, Mahuang/Chuanxiong to regulate Ying. Dampness causes flaccidity, aided by Cangzhu/Banxia/Fangji to remove it. Wind excess causes spasms, aided by Gouqi/Duzhong/Shudihuang to nourish. Chronic illness stagnates Qi, aided by Zhiqiao/Houpo to move it. Wind often transforms to Dryness, aided by Zhimu/Shigao/Huangqin to clear. Additional dispersing herbs drive Wind from Six Channels; Wind requires sweating to remove. For chronic Wind patients with no sweat for ten days, add Mahuang for slight sweating. For constipation, add Dahuang for slight purgation. Seasonal adjustments: Spring double Chaihu/Banxia; Summer double Zhimu/Shigao/Huangqin; Late Summer double Fangji/Baizhu/Fuling; Autumn double Houpo add Guixin/Huoxiang; Winter double Danggui/Guizhi add Fuzi. These adapt to seasonal blockages/openings. Daily weather adjustments: Strong Wind doubles Fangfeng; Strong Heat uses Huangqin; Strong Dampness doubles Cangzhu; Strong Dryness doubles Guizhi Pi; Strong Cold adds Paofu Zi. Qingre Huatan Tang uses Renshen/Fuling/Baizhu/Gancao to tonify Qi, Muxiang/Zhishi to promote Qi flow, Juhong/Banxia/Nanxing to resolve Phlegm, Huangqin/Huanglian to drain Heat, Shichangpu to open Heart, Maidong/Zhuru to clear Heart, Jiangzhi/Zhuli to clarify Spirit and remove Stomach turbidity, gradually curing internal diseases. Reduce Renshen/Baizhu if Qi is excess to avoid aiding Heat. Reduce Muxiang/Zhishi if Qi is deficient to avoid damaging Qi. For severe Phlegm-Heat with constipation, this formula is too mild; combine with Mengshi Gun Tan Wan. Stop after bowel movement to avoid damaging Righteousness. If constipation returns, resume to prevent Phlegm-Heat aiding Pathogens. Adjustments depend on clinical judgment.
Fangtong Tongsheng San (Wind-Blocking Unobstructed Holy Powder) treats excessive Wind-Heat with excess in Exterior, Interior, and Sanjiao.
Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药), Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe, 薄荷), Epimedii Herba (Lianqiao, 连翘 - *Note: Text says Lianqiao but lists Epimedium? Standard is Forsythiae Fructus Lianqiao*), Natrii Sulfas (Mangxiao, 芒硝 - each half liang), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗 - each 1 liang), Talcum (Huashi, 滑石, 3 liang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草, 3 liang), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie, 荆芥), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi, 栀子 - each 2.5 qian), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜, 3 slices).
Take 3 qian per dose.
[Collected Notes] Wu Kun said: Fangfeng and Mahuang are exterior-releasing herbs; Wind-Heat in skin is expelled via sweat. Jingjie and Bohe are upper-clearing herbs; Wind-Heat in vertex is expelled via nose. Dahuang and Mangxiao are purgative herbs; Wind-Heat in intestines/stomach is expelled via bowels. Huashi and Zhizi are water-pathway herbs; Wind-Heat in Sanjiao is expelled via urine. Wind invading Lung affects Lung/Stomach; Shigao and Jiegeng clear Lung/Stomach. Lianqiao and Huangqin clear wandering fire from all channels. Wind disorders are governed by Liver Wood; Chuanxiong, Danggui, Shaoyao harmonize Liver Blood. Gancao and Baizhu harmonize Stomach Qi and strengthen Spleen. Liu Shouzhen excelled in treating Fire; this formula's principles are detailed and thorough. It also treats postpartum rash and Sanjiao Fire Excess. Removing Mangxiao/Dahuang makes it Shuangjie San (Double Resolution Powder). Exterior resolution uses Fangfeng/Mahuang/Bohe/Jingjie/Chuanxiong; Interior resolution uses Shigao/Huashi/Huangqin/Zhizi/Lianqiao; Blood harmonization uses Danggui/Shaoyao; Qi regulation uses Jiegeng/Baizhu/Gancao. Ying/Wei harmonized, Exterior/Interior smooth, hence Double Resolution. Named Tongsheng to emphasize its miraculous utility.
Jiuwei Qianghuo Tang (Nine-Ingredient Notopterygium Decoction, aka Chonghe Tang) is a general dispersing agent for all seasons.
Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, 细辛), Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu, 苍术), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Rehmanniae Radix (Shengdi, 生地).
Add 3 slices of Ginger and 3 stalks of Scallion White (Congbai, 葱白), decoct in water and take.
Huren Baidu San (Living Person's Toxin-Expelling Powder) treats Cold Damage, Warm Epidemics, Wind-Dampness, Wind Vertigo, convulsive Wind-Phlegm, headache, vertigo, limb pain, aversion to cold with high fever, neck stiffness, and eye pain. Safe for elderly and children.
Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Duohuo, 独活), Peucedani Radix (Qianhu, 前胡), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhiqiao, 枳壳), Poria (Baifuling, 白茯苓), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参 - each 1 liang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草, 5 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, decoct in 1 cup of water with 3 slices of Ginger to 70%, take warm, or mix with boiling water.
For irritability and dry mouth, add Huangqin.
[Collected Notes] Zhao Yuhuang said: Southeastern land is low and damp; colds are often conflated with Cold Damage. Injury refers to Righteous Qi damaged internally; Cold refers to Cold Qi lodging externally. There is no external contraction without internal injury. Zhang Zhongjing, Sage of Medicine, established laws surpassing antiquity. He stated that in winter, people hide deeply; gentlemen secure themselves and avoid Cold. Those who violate this contract Cold Damage due to lack of security. Thus, Cold Damage stems from insecure Yuan Qi and loose pores. Ancients called Cold Damage a sweating disease, emphasizing diaphoresis. However, sweat originates from Yin and emerges from Yang. Yang deficiency causes Ying/Wei disharmony and inability to sweat; Yin deficiency causes fluid depletion and inability to moisten. Can one attack the exterior while ignoring the interior? Baidu San and Qianghuo Tang are best for inducing sweat. Their herbs (Two Huos, Two Hus, Chuanxiong, Cangzhu, Xixin, Baizhi) are pungent-warm and dispersing. Without the strong support of Renshen and Shengdi, those with weak constitution risk Yang collapse; those with Blood deficiency and Heat risk Yin collapse, becoming chronic. Renshen in Baidu San and Shengdi in Chonghe Tang are not merely tonifying but supporting the interior. Tonifying while dispersing prevents pathogen lingering; dispersing while tonifying prevents Yuan Essence depletion. This suits the warm, damp Southeast, reflecting ancient formula design. For robust constitution or intense internal Heat, Hejian's methods are preferable.
Hu Tianxi said: Abnormal climate affects only those with dual Qi/Blood deficiency. Cold lodges in Ying, Wind in Wei; harsh drugs are contraindicated.