阳明经证热如汤，不恶寒兮减去裳⑤，目痛鼻干眠不得，脉浮洪滑数而长，法用解肌微取汗，升麻葛根（汤）最为良。太阳传症到阳明，剂用升麻③病即轻，若犯小柴胡一剂，邪即传入少阳经。
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①阳盛格阴：是由于阳气太盛，致阴气不得相入。内里虽是真热，外面却现身肢厥冷等假寒之象。
②阴盛格阳：是由于阴气太盛，致阳气不得相入．内里虽是真寒，外面却现面赤发热面烦等假热之象。
③有汗伤风句：是指仲景《伤寒论》里的中风而言。其症：发热汗出、恶风、脉浮缓...….。
少阳经证用药诀
少阳寒热往来更，口燥咽干胸胁疼，干呕脉弦兼重听①，小柴和解即安宁。阳明传入少阳经，一剂柴胡热便清；若用麻黄重发汗，变为蓄血反蒸蒸②。少阳经证未全除，若用将军③下即虚，痞气结胸从此致，请君临症莫含糊。
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太阴经证用药诀
太阴经证当恶热，脉沉有力来无歇，舌苔气急烦躁增，石（膏）知（母）（汤）投之休胆怯。太阴恶热烦躁并，口干舌苔心下闷，二便自利病居中，黄连泻心汤最应。太阴恶热多口渴，烦躁腹满大便数，黄芩芍药两相须，更加甘草和中药。太阴经证身恶热．更兼腹痛将危绝，腹部连朝结不通，桂枝大黄汤最捷。太阴经证表尚热，内有烦躁便且结，腹中满闷舌中苔，大柴胡汤登时捷。
少阴经证用药诀
少阴经证身体凉，恶热烦躁手足扬，口渴舌苔腹满硬，大小便秘语言狂，或为下利纯清水，此皆邪热胃中藏，法用苦寒攻下剂，急投三味小承汤。
厥阴经证用药诀
厥阳经证身厥冷，烦躁去衣腹满硬，舌卷囊缩气上冲，发狂谵语将殒命。寄语医家不用忙，要知生死脉中详，生脉来时沉有力，大承急下即安康；死脉来时微且乱，若然投剂即乖张。
三阴厥逆之症，实非真寒，乃假寒也。外虽厥冷，内有实热。内经云：亢则害、承乃制。热极反兼寒化，阳盛格阴，热深厥亦深也。表虽厥冷，非比太阳恶寒之症。如初病太阳，后次第传至三阴，必先扬手掷足、揭去衣被、狂乱不宁、大小便秘结，复至沉静厥逆。医家至此，不可不察病情，误投热药，杀人不远。
直中三阴真寒证用药诀
元气衰微邪易侵，寒邪直中入三阴。三阴经证须分治，慎勿模糊不用心。
太阴直中恶寒时，脉息沉迟弦滑微，肚腹疼来兼吐泻，理中一盏急须施。太阴直中身恶寒，更兼发热泻难安．头疼体痛并腹痛，桂枝参术炒姜甘。太阴直中脉沉微，四肢厥逆痛如笞①，面色凄凄神不足，大小便利四逆宜。
少阴直中体恶寒，发热头疼面色苍，身如被杖②且无汗，麻黄附子细辛汤。此症分明似太阳，如何又作少阴详？只因脉息沉迟涩，故与温经发表汤。少阴直中恶寒风，身热头疼体痛凶，口不渴兮身有汗，桂枝附子甘草从。此症如何作少阴？脉沉微弱恶寒深，外虽有热非真热，阴盛格阳当记心。
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①笞：chi1（音痴）。古时拷打犯人的竹杖子。痛如笞：疼痛的象被笞刑拷打了一样。
②杖：旧时刑具的一种。身如被杖：是说身体疼痛的象受了杖刑一样。
直中厥阴身厥冷，小腹疼痛连阴茎，脉息沉迟弦且微，当归四逆汤宜审。
直中三阴寒证，恶寒身不热、色青、不渴、大小便自利、其脉沉迟，人皆可知。如或反常，实难知也。如身热面赤、大小便自利、口干，医家至此，但当察其脉势虽大，来意虚豁力薄，不竭；或沉迟弦滑而微，形气有不足之象，俱为寒症。或服凉药太过身热不退亦然。此非真热，乃假热也。盖因寒邪太盛，逼出虚火，游行于外。《内经》云阴盛格阳，若不用心审察而用苦寒之剂，决死无疑。大抵伤寒症，阳证见阴脉死；阴证见阳脉生。盖伤寒之邪，乃外来之邪，必得元气相敌。元气属阳，故见阳脉而生。见阴脉而死，元气绝也。阳春脉大而有力不乱，阴者脉小而虚微至乱。
调治伤寒之法，先须识症，察得阴阳、表里、寒热、虚实，亲切复审，汗、吐、下、温、和解之法治之，庶无差错。先观两目或赤、或黄，次看口舌有无苔状，后以手按其心胸至小腹有无痛满，再问其所苦、所欲、饮食起居、大小便通利若何、并服过何药、曾经汗下否，务使-一明白，脉症相对，然后用药，庶几无差。
（一）看伤寒先观两目，或赤或黄。赤为阳毒，六脉洪大有力燥渴者，轻则三黄石膏汤，重则大承气汤。
（一）再看口舌有无苔状：舌白色者，邪未入里，属半表半里，宜小柴胡汤和解。舌上黄苔者，胃腑有邪热，宜调胃承气汤下之。大便燥实、脉沉有力而大渴者，方可下。舌上黑苔生芒刺者，是肾水克于心火也，急用大承气汤下之，此邪热已极也。
凡伤寒舌苔厚燥，用井水浸青布片子，于舌上洗净后，用生姜片子时时浸水刮之，其苔自退。
（一）次以手按其心胸至小腹有无痛处：
（1〕若按心下硬痛手不可近。燥渴谵语，大便实，脉沉实有力，为结胸证，急用大陷胸汤加枳壳、桔梗下之。
（2）若病人自觉心胸满闷，按之而不痛者，为痞满也，宜泻心汤加枳壳、桔梗，其效如神。
（3）若按之小腹硬痛，当问其小便通利否。如小水自利、大便黑，兼或身黄、谵语、燥渴、脉沉实者，则知蓄血在下焦，宜桃仁承气汤。下尽黑物则愈。
（4）若按之小腹胀满不硬痛，小便不利，则知津液留结即溺涩也。宜五苓散加木通、栀子利之；亦不可太利，恐耗竭津液也。
（一）凡治伤寒若烦渴欲饮水者，因内水消竭，欲得外水自救。大渴欲饮一升，仅可与一碗，宁令不足，不可太过。若恣饮过量，使水停心下，则为水结胸；若水射于肺，为喘、为咳；留于胃，为噎、为哕，溢于皮肤，为肿；蓄于下焦，为癃；渗于肠间，则为利下，皆饮水多之过也。不可不与，又不可强与，与之常令不足为宜。
（一）凡治伤寒若经十余日以上尚有表证宜汗者，以羌活冲和汤微汗之。十余日若有里证宜下者，以大柴胡汤下之。盖伤寒过经，正气多虚，恐麻黄承气①太峻。误用麻黄，令人亡阳；误用承气，令人不禁。若表证尚未除，而里证又急，不得不下者，只可用大柴胡汤通表里而缓治之。又老弱及气血两虚之人有下证者，亦用大柴胡汤下之，不伤元气。如其年富力盛者，不在此例，从病制宜。
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（一）若先起头疼发热恶寒，以后传里，头疼恶寒皆除，而反怕热，发渴谵语。或潮热自汗，大便不通。或揭去衣被，扬手掷足。或发斑黄狂乱。此为阳经自表传入阴经之热证，俱当攻里之药下之。设或当下失下而变症出，手足乍冷乍温者，因阳极发厥，即阳证似阴，名曰阳厥，外虽厥冷，内有热邪，以承气汤下之。又有失于汗下，或本阳证误投热药．使热毒深入，阳气独盛，阴气暴绝，登高而歌，弃衣而走，詈①骂叫喊，燥渴欲死，面赤眼红，身发斑黄，或下利纯清水，或下利黄赤，六脉洪大，名阳毒发斑证，轻则消斑青黛饮，重则三黄石膏汤去麻黄、豆鼓，加大黄、芒硝下之。令阴气复而大汗解矣。
（一）病初起无头疼，无身热，就便怕寒，四肢厥冷，腹疼吐泻，引衣蜷卧，不渴，或战栗，面如刀刮，口吐涎沫，脉沉细无力．此为寒邪直中阴经，即真寒证。不从阳经传来，当用热药温之。如寒极手足厥冷过肘膝者，因寒极发厥，谓之阴厥。宜四逆汤温之。
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①詈：li（音利）。骂也。
（一）凡腹满腹疼皆是阴证，只有微甚不同，难以一概施治。腹疼不大便，桂枝加芍药汤；腹痛甚者，桂枝大黄汤。若自利腹疼，小便清白，当温之，理中汤、四逆汤。看微甚用药，轻者五积散，重者四逆汤。
（一）又有初起外感寒邪、内伤生冷，内既伏阴，内外皆寒。或本真阴，误投凉药，阴气独盛，阳气暴绝。以致病起即手足厥冷、腰背强重、头疼眼眶疼、呕吐烦闷、下利腹痛，身如被杖、六脉沉细、渴不思饮。以后毒气渐深，入腹攻心，咽喉不利，腹痛转甚，心下胀满、结硬如石，燥渴难忍，冷汗不止，或时郑声，指甲青黑，此名阴毒症，速灸关元、气海二、三十壮（关元穴在脐下三寸、气海穴在脐下一寸五分）。或葱熨脐中，内服回阳急救汤。令阳气复而大汗解矣。
（一）伤寒发狂奔走人难制伏，宜于病人室中生火一盆，将好醋一大碗浇于火上，令病人闻之即安。
（一）伤寒鼻衄不止，用水纸搭于顶门，再用栀子炒黑为细末，吹入鼻内，其血即止、然成流久不止者，方可用此方。如点滴不成流者，邪在经未除，不可用此法。
（一）伤寒与伤暑俱有发热，当明辨之。盖寒伤形；暑伤气。伤寒则恶寒而脉紧；伤暑则恶热而脉虚。以此为异。
（一）凡入瘟疫之家，以麻油涂鼻孔中，则不相传染。既出以纸拈探鼻深入，令嚏之为佳。又方以雄黄、苍术为细末，香油调敷鼻内。或单用雄黄末，水调涂鼻内，虽与病人同卧，亦不传染。
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恶风汗自出者。
葛根汤芍药，甘（草）桂（枝）麻黄加，太阳合阳明，无汗应须发。
黄芩汤
桂枝大黄汤，芍（药）（甘）草枣姜煎，太阴腹满疼，便秘用之安。
大柴胡半（夏）（黄）芩，芍药安脾经，大黄共枳实，一解一通行。
大承气（芒）硝（大）黄，枳（实）（厚）朴四般安，痞满燥实症，潮热尽能痊。
理中汤白术，（人）参（炮）姜甘草炙，吐泻腹中疼，脉沉寒气疾。
附子泻心汤，（黄）芩（黄）连与大黄，恶寒汗不止，心下痞相当．
大陷胸甘遂，（芒）硝（大）黄俱下坠①，大结②痛难禁，服此登时退。
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②大结：即大结胸证。从心下至少腹，鞕满而痛手不可近的，叫做大结胸。
黄连解毒汤，栀（子）（黄）芩（黄）柏四良，大黄除热毒，便血厥阴狂。
发斑烦躁渴，宜用化斑汤，石膏知母×（超星版看不清该字）犀角，元参合一方。
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三黄石膏扬
Yangming Channel Syndrome is characterized by intense heat in the body like boiling water, aversion to cold is absent and instead there is aversion to heat, so the patient removes clothes; accompanied by eye pain, dry nose, and insomnia. The pulse is floating, surging, slippery, rapid, and long. The treatment principle should employ muscle-releasing methods to induce slight sweating; Shengma Gegen Tang (Cimicifugae et Puerariae Decoction) is most suitable. If Taiyang disease transmits to the Yangming channel, using Shengma Ge Gen Tang will alleviate the condition; if Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is mistakenly used, the pathogenic factor will transmit to the Shaoyang channel.
Shaoyang Channel Syndrome features alternating chills and fever, dry mouth and throat, pain in the chest and hypochondrium, dry retching, a wiry pulse, and hearing impairment (heavy listening). Using Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) to harmonize Shaoyang will bring peace to the condition. If Yangming disease transmits to Shaoyang, one dose of Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) will clear the heat; if Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is mistakenly used for strong sweating, it leads to blood stasis accumulation with steaming fever symptoms. If Shaoyang channel syndrome is not fully resolved, mistakenly using Jiangjun (Radix Rhei Preparata, i.e., Da Huang/Rhubarb Root or other harsh purgatives) for purging causes deficiency of healthy qi, leading to Pi Qi (Glomus Formation) and Jie Xiong (Chest Binding), so doctors must not be vague in diagnosis.
Taiyin Channel Syndrome should manifest as aversion to heat, a deep and forceful pulse that does not cease, thick tongue coating, shortness of breath, and increased irritability. At this time, Shigao Zhi Mu Tang (Gypsum and Anemarrhena Decoction) should be administered without fear. If Taiyin disease presents with aversion to heat and irritability together, dry mouth, thick tongue coating, epigastric stuffiness, and normal urination and defecation, with the pathology located in the middle jiao, Huanglian Xiexin Tang (Coptis Decoction to Drain the Heart) is most appropriate. If Taiyin disease involves aversion to heat and excessive thirst, irritability, abdominal fullness, and frequent bowel movements, Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) and Shaoyao (Peony Root) should be combined, plus Gancao (Licorice Root) to harmonize the middle. If Taiyin channel syndrome presents with body heat aversion, accompanied by abdominal pain and critical condition, with abdominal blockage for consecutive days, Guizhi Dahuang Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Rhubarb Decoction) is most effective. If Taiyin channel syndrome has residual exterior heat, internal irritability, constipation, abdominal distension, and thick coating on the center of the tongue, Dachaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) acts quickly.
Shaoyin Channel Syndrome manifests as a cool body, but internal heat aversion and irritability, raised hands and feet, thirst, thick tongue coating, abdominal fullness and hardness, closure of urination and defecation, and delirious speech. Or it may present as diarrhea of pure clear water; these are all due to pathogenic heat stored in the stomach. The treatment principle should use bitter-cold purgative formulas, urgently administering Sanwei Xiaocheng Tang (Three-Ingredient Minor Chengqi Decoction).
Jueyin Channel Syndrome manifests as cold limbs, irritability, desire to remove clothes, abdominal fullness and hardness, curled tongue, contracted testicles, upward rushing of qi, mania and delirium, approaching death. Doctors are advised not to panic but to examine the pulse for life and death signs. If the pulse is deep and forceful, it indicates life; Ji Xia Dachengqi Tang (Urgent Major Chengqi Decoction) can restore health. If the pulse is faint and chaotic, it indicates death; administering medicine at this point contradicts the condition.
The Jue Ni (Rebellious Cold) symptoms in the Three Yin channels are actually not true cold, but false cold. Although the extremities are cold externally, there is excess heat internally. The *Neijing* states: "Excess causes harm, subjugation brings control." Extreme heat may manifest with cold transformation, known as Yang Excess Repelling Yin (Yang Sheng Ge Yin); the deeper the heat, the deeper the Jue Ni. This external cold is different from the aversion to cold in Taiyang disease. If starting as Taiyang disease and transmitting sequentially to the Three Yin channels, it must first present with throwing hands and legs about, removing blankets, restlessness, and blockage of urination and defecation, then turning quiet and cold. Doctors at this stage must carefully examine the condition; mistakenly administering hot medicines will soon lead to death.
Direct Transmission to True Cold Syndrome of the Three Yin Channels: When Yuan Qi (Primal Qi) is weak, pathogens easily invade, and cold pathogens directly enter the Three Yin channels. The Three Yin channel syndromes must be treated separately; do not be vague or careless.
For Taiyin direct transmission with aversion to cold, the pulse is deep, slow, wiry, slippery, and faint, with abdominal pain accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea; Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) should be administered immediately. For Taiyin direct transmission with body cold aversion, fever, difficult diarrhea, headache, body ache, and abdominal pain, Guizhi Renshen Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Ginseng Decoction) modified with Atractylodes, Fried Ginger, and Licorice is used. For Taiyin direct transmission with deep and faint pulse, Jue Ni (cold limbs), pain like whipping, pale face, and lack of spirit, with normal urination and defecation, Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) is indicated.
Shaoyin direct transmission presents with body cold aversion, fever, headache, pale complexion, body pain as if beaten by a staff, and no sweat; Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang (Ephedra, Aconite, and Asarum Decoction) is applicable. This symptom clearly resembles Taiyang disease, why is it discussed as Shaoyin? Because the pulse is deep, slow, and choppy, so Wen Jing Fa Biao Tang (Warm the Channels and Release the Exterior Decoction) is given. Shaoyin direct transmission with wind aversion, fever, headache, severe body pain, no thirst, and sweating on the body uses Guizhi Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Aconite Decoction) with Licorice. Why is this considered Shaoyin? Because the pulse is deep, weak, and faint with deep cold aversion; the external heat is not true heat, but Yin Excess Repelling Yang (Yin Sheng Ge Yang), which must be remembered.
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Direct transmission to Jueyin presents with cold limbs, lower abdominal pain radiating to the penis, and a deep, slow, wiry, and faint pulse; Danggui Sini Tang (Angelica Sinensis Decoction for Reversal Cold) should be used cautiously.
Direct transmission of cold to the Three Yin channels presents with cold aversion, no body heat, blue complexion, no thirst, and normal urination and defecation, with a deep and slow pulse, which people generally know. If abnormal, it is hard to know. For example, body heat, red face, normal urination and defecation, and dry mouth: at this point, the doctor should observe that although the pulse force is large, the incoming intent is empty and weak, not exhausted; or the pulse is deep, slow, wiry, slippery, and faint, with signs of insufficiency in form and qi; all belong to cold syndromes. Or body heat persisting after taking too much cooling medicine is also the case. This is not true heat, but false heat. It is because cold pathogens are too abundant, forcing out deficient fire to wander on the exterior. The *Neijing* says Yin Excess Repels Yang; if not carefully examined and bitter-cold agents are used, death is certain. Generally, in Shanghan (Cold Damage) diseases, Yang syndromes with Yin pulses die; Yin syndromes with Yang pulses live. Because Shanghan pathogens are external, they must be opposed by Yuan Qi. Yuan Qi belongs to Yang, so seeing Yang pulses means life, seeing Yin pulses means death because Yuan Qi is exhausted. Yang Spring pulses are large, forceful, and unchaotic; Yin pulses are small, deficient, faint, to chaotic.
The method for treating Shanghan requires first identifying symptoms, observing Yin/Yang, Exterior/Interior, Cold/Heat, and Deficiency/Excess, reviewing closely, and treating with Sweating, Vomiting, Purging, Warming, and Harmonizing methods to avoid errors. First observe the eyes, whether red or yellow; second check the mouth and tongue for coating; third press the chest, heart, down to the lower abdomen for pain and fullness; fourth ask about suffering, desires, diet, daily routine, urination and defecation, previous medications, and whether sweating or purging was attempted. Ensure everything is clear, match pulse and symptoms, then administer medicine to avoid mistakes.
(1) In viewing Shanghan, first observe the eyes, red or yellow. Red indicates Yang Toxin; if six pulses are surging, forceful, with dryness and thirst, mild cases use Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three Yellows and Gypsum Decoction), severe cases use Dachengqi Tang (Major Chengqi Decoction).
(2) Next, check for tongue coating: White tongue indicates pathogen has not entered the interior, belonging to Half-Exterior/Half-Interior, suitable for Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) to harmonize. Yellow coating on the tongue indicates pathogenic heat in the Stomach Fu, suitable for Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Chengqi Decoction) to purge. Only if stool is dry and solid, pulse is deep and forceful, and there is great thirst, should purging be used. Black coating with prickles on the tongue indicates Kidney Water overcoming Heart Fire; urgently use Dachengqi Tang (Major Chengqi Decoction) to purge, as pathogenic heat is extreme.
For thick and dry tongue coating in Shanghan, soak a green cloth slice in well water, clean the tongue, then repeatedly dip ginger slices in water and scrape the tongue; the coating will naturally recede.
(3) Next, press the chest, heart, down to the lower abdomen for pain:
(1) If pressing the epigastrium reveals hardness and pain intolerable to touch, with dryness/thirst, delirium, solid stool, and deep forceful pulse, it is Jie Xiong (Chest Binding) syndrome; urgently use Daxiexiong Tang (Major Chest-Binding Decoction) added with Zhike (Aurantii Fructus) and Jiegeng (Platycodon Root) to purge.
(2) If the patient feels chest/epigastric fullness but no pain upon pressing, it is Pi Man (Glomus Fullness); use Xiexin Tang (Drain the Heart Decoction) added with Zhike and Jiegeng, with miraculous effect.
(3) If pressing the lower abdomen reveals hardness and pain, ask if urination is free. If urine is free, stool is black, possibly with jaundice, delirium, dryness/thirst, and deep forceful pulse, it indicates Blood Accumulation in the Lower Jiao; use Taoren Chengqi Tang (Peach Kernel Chengqi Decoction). Recovery occurs when black matter is purged.
(4) If pressing the lower abdomen reveals distension without hardness/pain, and urination is difficult, it indicates fluid retention causing dysuria; use Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) added with Mutong (Akebia Stem) and Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit) to promote urination; do not over-promote urination to avoid exhausting fluids.
(4) In treating Shanghan, if there is irritability and thirst desiring water, it is because internal fluids are exhausted, seeking external water for self-rescue. If greatly thirsty wanting to drink one sheng, only give one bowl; better to have insufficient than excessive. If drinking excessively, water stops in the epigastrium becoming Water Jie Xiong (Water Chest Binding); if water shoots to the Lungs, it causes wheezing and coughing; staying in the Stomach causes choking and hiccups; overflowing to skin causes edema; accumulating in Lower Jiao causes strangury; seeping into intestines causes diarrhea; all are faults of excessive drinking. Do not withhold water, nor force it; giving slightly less is appropriate.
(5) In treating Shanghan, if after ten-plus days exterior syndrome remains requiring sweating, use Qianghuo Chonghe Tang (Notopterygium and Harmony Decoction) for slight sweating. If after ten-plus days interior syndrome remains requiring purging, use Dachaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) to purge. Since Shanghan has passed its course, healthy qi is often deficient, fearing Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) and Chengqi Tangs are too harsh. Mistaken use of Mahuang causes loss of Yang; mistaken use of Chengqi causes inability to tolerate. If exterior syndrome is not removed and interior syndrome is urgent requiring purging, only Dachaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) can connect exterior and interior for gentle treatment. Also, for elderly, weak, or those with Qi/Blood deficiency having purgative indications, use Dachaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) to purge without damaging Yuan Qi. Those young and robust are not in this category; follow the disease's needs.
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(6) If initially headache, fever, and cold aversion occur, later transmitting to the interior, headache and cold aversion disappear, replaced by heat aversion, thirst, and delirium. Or tidal fever, spontaneous sweating, constipation. Or removing clothes, throwing limbs about. Or macules/jaundice, mania. This is heat syndrome transmitting from Yang channels exterior to Yin channels interior; all require interior-purging medicines. If purging was needed but missed, causing changes, with hands/feet alternating cold/warm, it is Yang Extreme causing Jue (Reversal), i.e., Yang syndrome resembling Yin, named Yang Jue (Yang Reversal); externally cold but internally hot, treat with Chengqi Tang to purge. Also, missing sweating/purging, or mistakenly giving hot medicines to Yang syndrome, causing heat toxin to penetrate deeply, Yang alone flourishing, Yin suddenly perishing, climbing and singing, discarding clothes and running, cursing and shouting, extreme dryness/thirst, red face/eyes, macules/jaundice, or diarrhea of pure clear water or yellow-red, with surging six pulses, is named Yang Du Faban Syndrome (Yang Toxin Macule-Rash Syndrome); mild cases use Xiaoban Qingdai Yin (Macule-Removing Indigo Decoction), severe cases use Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three Yellows and Gypsum Decoction) removing Mahuang and Dou Chi, adding Dahuang and Mangxiao to purge. Let Yin Qi recover and resolve with heavy sweating.
(7) If illness begins without headache or body heat, simply with cold aversion, cold limbs, abdominal pain, vomiting/diarrhea, curling up in clothes, no thirst, or shivering, face like scraped knife, salivating, deep thin weak pulse, this is Cold Pathogen Directly Transmitting to Yin Channels, i.e., True Cold Syndrome. Not transmitted from Yang channels, treat with hot medicines to warm. If cold is extreme causing limbs colder than elbows/knees, it is Cold Extreme causing Jue, called Yin Jue (Yin Reversal); use Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) to warm.
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(8) All abdominal fullness and pain are Yin syndromes, differing only in severity, hard to treat uniformly. Abdominal pain with constipation: Guizhi Ji Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig Added Peony Decoction); severe abdominal pain: Guizhi Dahuang Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Rhubarb Decoction). If spontaneous diarrhea with abdominal pain, clear urine, warm with Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) or Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction). Adjust based on severity: mild Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder), severe Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction).
(9) Also, initial exterior cold invasion and interior raw/cold injury, interior Yin lurking, exterior-interior both cold. Or originally True Yin, mistakenly given cooling medicines, Yin alone flourishing, Yang suddenly perishing. Resulting in immediate cold limbs, stiff back/waist, headache/orbital pain, vomiting/restlessness, diarrhea/abdominal pain, body pain like being beaten, deep thin six pulses, thirst without desire to drink. Later poison qi deepens, entering abdomen attacking Heart, throat discomfort, worsening abdominal pain, epigastric fullness/hardness like stone, unbearable dryness/thirst, continuous cold sweat, occasional Zheng Sheng (mumbling), blue-black nails; this is Yin Du Zheng (Yin Toxin Syndrome), urgently moxa Guan Yuan (CV4) and Qi Hai (CV6) 20-30 moxibustions (Guan Yuan is 3 cun below umbilicus, Qi Hai is 1.5 cun below umbilicus). Or apply scall-warming to umbilicus, internally take Huiyang Jijiu Tang (Restore Yang Emergency Rescue Decoction). Let Yang Qi recover and resolve with heavy sweating.
(10) Shanghan with mania and running hard to restrain: place a basin of fire in the patient's room, pour a large bowl of good vinegar onto the fire, let the patient smell it to calm down.
(11) Shanghan with unceasing epistaxis: place wet paper on the top of the head, grind stir-fried black Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit) to fine powder, blow into nose to stop bleeding; usable only for prolonged flowing bleeding. If dripping not flowing, pathogen still in channels, do not use this method.
(12) Both Shanghan and Shangshu (Summerheat Injury) have fever, must distinguish. Cold damages Form; Summerheat damages Qi. Shanghan has cold aversion and tight pulse; Shangshu has heat aversion and deficient pulse. Use this as difference.
(13) Entering plague homes: smear sesame oil in nostrils to prevent contagion. Upon exiting, probe nose deeply with paper twist to induce sneezing. Another method: mix Xionghuang (Realgar) and Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) to fine powder, mix with sesame oil, apply inside nose. Or single Xionghuang powder mixed with water applied inside nose; even sleeping with patient, no contagion.
Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction)
Mahuang Tang consists of Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum), and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Applicable for Shanghan with no sweat; releasing exterior should not be delayed.
Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction)
Guizhi Tang consists of Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Zao (Jujubae Fructus), Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Releases Wei-level pathogens; applicable for Shanghan with spontaneous sweating.
Xiangsu Yin (Fragrant Perilla Infusion)
Xiangsu Yin consists of Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma), Zisu (Perillae Folium), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Harmonizes Exterior and Interior.
Gegen Tang (Kudzu Decoction)
Gegen Tang consists of Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), and Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba). Applicable for Taiyang combining Yangming, no sweat requires sweating.
Shengma Gegen Tang (Cimicifugae et Puerariae Decoction)
Shengma Gegen Tang consists of Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Applicable for Yangming body heat; one dose brings peace.
Shigao Zhi Mu Tang (Gypsum and Anemarrhena Decoction)
Shigao Zhi Mu Tang consists of Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), and Jingsmi (Oryzae Semen). Applicable for thirst, irritability, and shortness of breath with solid pulse.
Huanglian Xiexin Tang (Coptis Decoction to Drain the Heart)
Huanglian Xiexin Tang uses one ingredient, Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), five qian decocted, with Dengxin (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) twenty strands; irritability and heat bring peace.
Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction)
Huangqin Tang consists of Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), and two Dazao (Jujubae Fructus). Hot intake has miraculous effect.
Guizhi Dahuang Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Rhubarb Decoction)
Guizhi Dahuang Tang consists of Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus), and Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens). Applicable for Taiyin abdominal fullness/pain and constipation.
Dachaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction)
Dachaihu Tang consists of Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), and Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus). Shaoyao calms Spleen channel; Dahuang and Zhishi, one releases, one circulates.
Xiaochengqi Tang (Minor Chengqi Decoction)
Xiaochengqi Tang consists of Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), and Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus). Applicable for hard stool and epigastric fullness; slight purging brings peace.
Dachengqi Tang (Major Chengqi Decoction)
Dachengqi Tang consists of Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), and Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex). Applicable for fullness, dryness, and solidity syndromes; tidal fever completely cured.
Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction)
Lizhong Tang consists of Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Paojiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum), and Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata). Applicable for vomiting/diarrhea, abdominal pain, deep pulse, cold qi disease.
Guizhi Renshen Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Ginseng Decoction)
Guizhi Renshen Tang consists of Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), and Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma). Applicable for middle cold with body heat, abdominal pain, and diarrhea cured.
Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction)
Sini Tang consists of Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata), Paojiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum), and Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata). Applicable for cold syndrome with deep faint pulse, assisting the blaze of Three Yang.
Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang (Ephedra, Aconite, and Asarum Decoction)
Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang is the formula for Cold invading Shaoyin; deep pulse, body heat, cold aversion, pale face.
Guizhi Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Aconite Decoction)
Guizhi Fuzi Tang consists of Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata), and Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata), three ingredients strong. Applicable for Shaoyin headache/body pain; Ginger and Jujube are good prescription.
Huangqi Jianzhong Tang (Astragalus Building the Middle Decoction)
Huangqi Jianzhong Tang is a good prescription for stopping sweat, consisting of Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), Zao (Jujubae Fructus), and Yitang (Maltose).
Xiao Banxia Jia Fuling Tang (Minor Pinellia Added Poria Decoction)
Xiao Banxia Jia Fuling Tang consists of Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum), Fuling (Poria), and fresh Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) crushed for juice. Applicable for water stopping in epigastrium; one dose brings peace.
Fuzi Xiexin Tang (Aconite Drain the Heart Decoction)
Fuzi Xiexin Tang consists of Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), and Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata). Applicable for cold aversion and unceasing sweating, epigastric glomus matching.
Xiao Xiexiong Tang (Minor Chest-Binding Decoction)
Xiao Xiexiong Tang consists of Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus), and Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum) decocted. Applicable for Chest-Binding tenderness on touch, removing heat and phlegm saliva.
Da Xiexiong Tang (Major Chest-Binding Decoction)
Da Xiexiong Tang consists of Gansui (Kansui Radix), Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), and Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), all descending. Applicable for Major Chest-Binding pain intolerable; taking this retreats instantly.
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Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction)
Huanglian Jiedu Tang consists of Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), four good herbs; Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) removes heat toxin, blood diarrhea Jueyin mania.
Huaban Tang (Macule-Resolving Decoction)
Macule, irritability, thirst; use Huaban Tang, consisting of Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu - *Note: Substitute with Buffalo Horn/Niujiajiao in modern practice*), and Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix) combined in one formula.
Yinchen Hao Tang (Artemisiae Scopariae Decoction)
Shanghan body yellow jaundice; Yinchen Hao (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba) is best, combined with Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) and Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus); promoting urination/bowel movement brings peace.
Taoren Chengqi Tang (Peach Kernel Chengqi Decoction)
Taoren Chengqi Tang consists of Taoren (Persicae Semen), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), and Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma). Applicable for Blood Accumulation syndrome like mania.
Zhishi Zhizi Tang (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Gardenia Decoction)
Zhishi Zhizi Tang consists of Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Douchi (Sojae Semen Preparatum), and Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), three ingredients strong. Can cure relapse fever due to overwork, truly a good prescription.
Wendan Tang (Warm the Gallbladder Decoction)
Wendan Tang consists of Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) added with Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia) and Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus). Applicable for post-illness insomnia, deficiency irritability brings peace.
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Danggui Sini Tang (Angelica Sinensis Decoction for Reversal Cold)
Danggui Sini Tang consists of Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Tongcao (Tetrapanacis Medulla), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), and Dazao (Jujubae Fructus). For long-standing interior cold, add Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus).
Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three Yellows and Gypsum Decoction)
Sanhuang Shigao Tang consists of Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Douchi (Sojae Semen Preparatum), and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum).
Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria)
Wuling San consists of Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Zhuling (Polyporus), Fuling (Poria), and Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus).
Xiaoban Qingdai Yin (Macule-Removing Indigo Decoction)