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This is one of the diagnostic methods from ancient times. Since Zang and Fu organs share the same Qi, the ancients did not establish specific pulse formulas for the six Fu organs. However, since shallow pressure (Fu Qu) is used to inspect Fu diseases and deep pressure (Chen Qu) to inspect Zang diseases; rapid pulse indicates Fu disease, and slow pulse indicates Zang disease; furthermore, urgent, large, moderate, choppy, and very deep pulses are attributed to Zang organs, while slightly urgent, slightly large, slightly moderate, slightly choppy, and slightly deep pulses are attributed to Fu organs, what is the reason? It is because urgent, large, moderate, choppy, and very deep pulses manifest similarly in both shallow and deep pressures, whereas "slightly" pulses manifest only in shallow pressure but not in deep pressure. These two explanations seem different but are actually the same; essentially, there is depth within shallowness, shallowness within depth, Yin within Yang, and Yang within Yin. Just as the upper end of the Cun position relates to the chest and head; the lower end of the Chi position relates to the lower abdomen, waist, thighs, knees, and shins. In fact, the Cun pulse can also indicate diseases of the lower body, and the Chi pulse can also indicate diseases of the upper body. This is the flexible subtlety of pulse diagnosis, as Mr. Xu said, it must be understood through intention, and cannot be fully conveyed by words.

The Heart pulse being floating, large, and scattered is its normal palace pulse.
The normal pulse of the Heart's palace is floating, large, and scattered. Deficient, excess, thief, slight, and pathogen-transgressing-palace pulses are abnormal. The rest are mixed pulses appearing together.

A slightly large pulse indicates pathogenic factors returning to the Small Intestine.
"Large" refers to the Hong (Surging) pulse; "slight" implies a brief initial appearance that does not last long. For details, refer to the notes on the Ten Changes Pulse; other positions follow this pattern. Pulse palpation involves varying degrees of pressure: for example, at the Left Cun position, light pressure reveals the Small Intestine pulse, while heavy pressure with the weight of six beans reveals the Heart pulse. At the Left Guan position, light pressure reveals the Gallbladder pulse, while heavy pressure with the weight of twelve beans reveals the Liver pulse. At the Left Chi position, light pressure reveals the Bladder pulse, while heavy pressure with the weight of fifteen beans reveals the Kidney pulse. At the Right Cun position, light pressure reveals the Large Intestine pulse, while heavy pressure with the weight of three beans reveals the Lung pulse. At the Right Guan position, light pressure reveals the Stomach pulse, while heavy pressure with the weight of nine beans reveals the Spleen pulse. At the Right Chi position, light pressure reveals the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) pulse, while heavy pressure with the weight of fifteen beans reveals the Mingmen (Gate of Life) pulse.

Floating and rapid pulses indicate wind-heat causing headache.
"Rapid" includes characteristics of Xian (Wiry) and Jin (Tight). Floating and rapid pulses indicate headache, fever, red face, bone joint irritation and pain, and in severe cases, heart pain and red face, representing an exterior syndrome of external contraction and stagnant heat. The Small Intestine is the exterior counterpart of the Bladder, hence this pulse manifestation.

Floating and slow pulses indicate abdominal coldness and stomach emptiness.
Floating with slowness indicates cold pain in the lower abdomen and weak stomach with acid belching.

Floating and deficient pulses indicate hemi-crania and pain in the ears and cheeks.
Deficiency of the Hand-Taiyang meridian causes suffering from hemi-crania and pain in the ears and cheeks.

Floating and wiry pulses indicate hernia pain; slippery pulses indicate many parasites.
The formula states: Urgency indicates intestinal pain, obstruction is the cause. Floating, wiry, and slippery pulses indicate hernia pain and excessive food parasites. If white spots appear on the face, blood hemorrhoids are certain.

Floating, tight, and slippery pulses indicate strangury and retention.
Floating, tight, and slippery pulses indicate strangury or retention of urination and defecation.

Floating and洪 (Hong/Surging) pulses indicate fullness and difficulty in passing gas in the diaphragm and hypochondrium.
Fullness extending from the chest to the hypochondrium indicates abundant phlegm-heat.

Floating, long, and wind-dizzy pulses can develop into epilepsy.
Floating, large, and long pulses indicate wind-dizziness and epilepsy.

Floating and solid pulses indicate red face, heat generating wind.
Floating and solid pulses with a red face like makeup indicate heat generating wind. The formula states: Great excess leads to red face and wind; dry pain and facial color are similar to Heart conditions.

Floating and soft (Ru) pulses indicate deficiency damage and excessive sweating on the feet.
Floating and soft pulses indicate extreme deficiency of the five Zang organs, leading to sweat on the feet, because the silk-like connections of the five Zang organs originate from the feet.

Floating and hollow (Kou) pulses indicate accumulation of stasis, vomiting blood, and bloody dysentery.
Blood stasis accumulating in the chest without dispersing obstructs the Qi mechanism, causing internal sounds. Rising Qi leads to hematemesis; descending Qi leads to hematochezia and bloody dysentery. In severe cases, vomiting and dysentery occur simultaneously.

Overflowing floating pulses indicate bone pain and irritability.
When the Left Cun pulse overflows past the Guan position, it indicates joint pain, mental irritability, and red face, which are signs of Heart heat.

Absent floating pulses indicate bi-syndrome in the umbilical/abdominal region and rising痞 (Pi/fullness).
Absent floating pulses mean no Small Intestine pulse, causing cold bi-syndrome in the umbilicus and masses (Jia) in the lower abdomen.

Deep and rapid pulses indicate delirious speech and stiff tongue.
"Rapid" combined with solid and slippery. The formula states: Solid and large combined with slippery indicates stiff tongue, startled Heart, and difficulty speaking.

Deep and slow pulses indicate cold blood and insufficient spirit.
Deep and slow pulses indicate either blood deficiency, cold invading the upper Jiao, or decline of Heart spirit.

Isolated deep pulses indicate insomnia due to depression; stasis invading eyes, metrorrhagia, and hematoschesis.
Deep pulses indicate Qi stagnation, causing insomnia at night, or attacking upwards to cause eye diseases with fleshy stasis invading the eyes. Downward flow causes metrorrhagia and hematoschesis; in severe cases, hemoptysis occurs.

Deep and micro pulses indicate deficiency fullness and fright with internal heat.
Deep and micro Ying (Nutritive) weakness leads to deficiency fire attacking upward, causing chest and diaphragm fullness, and in severe cases, distending pain in the hypochondrium. Fright with internal heat: micro pulse indicates Heart Qi deficiency, prone to fright. Since Heart belongs to Fire, fright scatters Blood, and Fire moving with fright creates deficiency heat.

Deep and solid pulses indicate mouth ulcers and throat issues.
Indicates mouth and tongue ulcers, and swelling and pain in the throat.

Deep and moderate pulses specifically indicate stiffness of the neck and back.
Deep and moderate pulses indicate tendon tension and stiffness in the neck and back.

Deep and slippery pulses indicate intermittent attacks of phlegm-heat.
Slippery combined with Phlegm in its proper position; Surging indicates phlegm-heat, possibly with regurgitation or palpitations, coming and going. If deep, fine, and slippery without the root pulse, it represents Water overcoming Fire, which is untreatable.

Deep and choppy pulses indicate Stomach deficiency and diminished voice/appearance.
Choppy pulse indicates Qi deficiency and Blood loss in the Heart meridian. The Mother cannot nourish the Child, leading to sinking of Stomach Qi, deficiency of Heart Spirit, pale complexion, reluctance to speak, and in severe cases, Qi and Blood stagnation causing deficiency pain.

Deep and tight pulses indicate inevitable凶 (ominous) outcomes for true emotions.
Deep and tight pulses represent Kidney Water counter-attacking the Heart, called Thief Evil, inevitably causing True Heart Pain like stabbing, which is certainly fatal.

Deep and weak pulses indicate Yang deficiency and frequent palpitations.
*Qu Yu* states: Weakness in the Left Cun indicates Yang Qi deficiency; startled Heart and palpitations make sweat difficult to stop.

Deep and hidden pulses indicate Phlegm depression and accumulation in the chest.
Hidden pulses indicate melancholy and excessive Phlegm, accumulation in the Heart and Lung meridians in the chest.

Deep and wiry pulses indicate hanging Heart sensation or feeling of fullness.
Wiry pulse represents Liver Evil attacking the Heart, indicating a sensation of hunger-like hanging in the Heart, or occasional tension feeling like fullness; this is deficiency evil.

Absent deep pulses indicate hot palms, vomiting, and upward rushing.
Absent deep pulses mean no Heart pulse. Suffering from toxic pain below the heart, hot palms, frequent retching, and sores in the mouth.

Both floating and deep deficient pulses cause profuse diarrhea.
Deficiency of both Heart and Small Intestine causes profuse diarrhea, aversion to cold, shortness of breath, cold limbs, and intestinal borborygmus.

Both floating and deep excess pulses cause difficulty in bowel movement.
Excess of both Heart and Small Intestine causes constipation, mental and abdominal irritability and fullness.

Liver pulse wiry and soft indicates no illness.
Wiry is the normal pulse of the Liver; if accompanied by softness, it is balanced Wiry, thus no illness.

Slightly wiry pulse indicates Gallbladder fright and impending jaundice.
Initially slightly wiry pulses indicate Gallbladder organ receiving fright, tidal fever, impending gallbladder jaundice, with yellowing of nails, eyes, and sclera.

Floating and rapid pulses indicate wind-heat and tendon spasms.
"Rapid" encompasses Wiry and Tight; indicates tidal fever and tendon spasms.

Floating and slow pulses indicate chills and flowing tears.
Floating and slow pulses indicate Cold invading the Liver meridian, chills, occasional fever, and flowing cold tears.

Floating and fine pulses indicate trembling and nocturnal sweating.
Floating and fine pulses indicate Gallbladder Qi deficiency and timidity, trembling of limbs, and nocturnal sweating.

Floating, weak, micro, and scattered pulses indicate blurred vision.
Floating, weak, micro, and scattered pulses represent Lung Metal overcoming Liver Wood, causing Liver Qi deficiency, dim vision, visual spots, and blurred sight.

Floating and hollow pulses indicate blood loss and limb paralysis.
Hollow pulse indicates blood loss; Blood deficiency prevents movement, leading to limb paralysis.

Very floating pulses indicate tendon flaccidity and intestinal wind.
Very floating pulses indicate Fire excess and Blood deficiency, weak tendons, ultimately leading to paralysis. Intestinal wind originates from Damp-Heat in Spleen and Stomach, with Liver Wind pouring downward upon deficiency; mild cases cause hematochezia, severe cases cause hemorrhoids and fistulas. Thus, hemorrhoids are tendon diseases.

Floating, large, slippery, and solid pulses indicate head and eye diseases.
Floating, large, slippery, and solid pulses represent Heart Fire overcoming Liver Wood, Blood Heat generating Phlegm, leading to unclear head and eyes, swelling or pain, and dry throat.

Overflowing floating pulses indicate dizziness and tendon pain injury.
Floating, wiry, overflowing above the Cun position indicates dizzy eyes, heavy head, and sore, aching tendons.

Floating and choppy pulses indicate hypochondriac fullness and irregular menstruation.
Choppy pulse indicates Liver Blood deficiency; severe cases cause vomiting and inability to retain; mild cases cause hypochondriac distension and body pain. In women, Blood coagulation and Qi stagnation often cause irregular menstruation. If floating, choppy, and short, it is the Thief Pulse of the meridian itself.

Absent floating pulses indicate knee pain and frequent fright.
Absence of Gallbladder pulse causes sore and aching knees, bitter taste, fearfulness, and frequent fright.

Deep and slow pulses indicate hernia qi and insomnia.
Deep and slow pulses indicate cold blood, restless sleep at night, and attacking hernia qi.

Deep and rapid pulses indicate depression, anger, and sores.
Deep and rapid pulses indicate propensity for depression and anger, reckless movement of Liver Fire, leading to many skin sores and carbuncles.

Deep, wiry, tight, and solid pulses indicate Pi masses.
These four pulses indicate Kidney Water failing to generate Wood, leading to Liver deficiency, forming Pi masses, causing pain near the navel or between the ribs.

Deep and solid pulses indicate tendon cramping and hypochondriac pain.
Solid pulse indicates cutting pain in the hypochondrium. Liver Excess causes pain in the flesh and tendon cramping.

Deep and micro pulses indicate cataracts or diarrhea.
Deep and micro pulses indicate Liver Qi deficiency, causing cataracts or occasional loose stools/dysentery.

Deep and weak pulses indicate withered tendons and stiff lumbar vessels.
Weak pulse indicates Blood deficiency, withering and shortening of tendons, pain in the lumbar vessels, tightness like a drawn bow; common postpartum.

Deep and moderate pulses indicate sour heart and abdominal Qi knot.
Liver moderation indicates lingering food steaming, sour stabbing in the heart, or Qi knotting in the abdomen causing pain.

Deep and hidden pulses indicate cold contact and stiff legs.
Deep and hidden pulses indicate Cold Qi contacting Blood, causing leg pain and difficulty in flexion/extension.

Deep and soft pulses indicate trance and heaviness in the lower body.
Deep and soft pulses indicate decline of Po (Corporeal Soul), unable to guard Hun (Ethereal Soul), causing mental trance and heaviness in the lower body, waist, and feet.

Absent deep pulses indicate enuresis and short life.
Absence of Liver pulse causes enuresis; death is certain on Geng/Xin Metal days.

Excess of both Liver and Gallbladder causes regurgitation and indigestion.
Excess of both Liver and Gallbladder causes regurgitation and undigested food.

Deficiency of both Liver and Gallbladder causes cold extremities and erratic temperament.
Deficiency of both Liver and Gallbladder causes cold extremities, unhappiness, and erratic joy/anger.

Kidney pulse is fundamentally deep, stone-like, with slipperiness.
Deep, solid, and slippery is the fundamental pulse of the Kidney.

Slightly deep pulses arise from the Bladder.
Transiently deep pulses indicate Bladder meridian disease.

Floating and rapid pulses indicate labor fever and red urine.
Floating and rapid pulses indicate Bladder Fire moving, causing labor fever and red urine.

Floating and slow pulses indicate leukorrhea and tinnitus.
Floating and slow pulses indicate Essence injury, leukorrhea, and cicada-like tinnitus, which may lead to deafness if prolonged.

Floating, slippery, solid, and large pulses indicate strangury and dysuria.
Pulse floating with slipperiness, solidity, and largeness indicates Heart meridian pathogenic heat invading downward, causing painful strangury and dysuria.

Very floating pulses indicate inguinal hernia and cold evil.
Very floating pulses indicate Cold Evil entering the Small Intestine, causing inguinal hernia and pungent urine.

Floating and tight pulses indicate wind inflammation and blocked renal orifices.
Floating and tight pulses indicate Wind in the Kidneys attacking the ears, causing deafness.

Floating and choppy pulses indicate hernia pain and spermatorrhea.
Kidney choppy indicates deficiency-cold, causing Small Intestine hernia, cyst enlargement, or nocturnal emission.

Floating and deficient pulses indicate toothache, back/waist fatigue, and sores on feet/knees if severely deficient.
Kidney floating-deficient pulse indicates Wind and Qi struggling, causing bleeding toothache, hunched back/waist fatigue. Severe cases cause sores on feet/knees that do not heal for a long time.

Floating and hollow pulses indicate hematuria and menstrual leakage in women.
Floating and hollow indicate Kidney deficiency. Hematuria in men, menstrual leakage in women.

Floating and moderate pulses indicate wind-strike and diarrhea.
Floating and moderate pulses indicate Wind entering the Taiyang Bladder, causing wind-strike and spontaneous diarrhea.

Floating and solid pulses indicate lower abdominal distension and pain.
Solid pulse indicates Heart Heat transmitting to the Small Intestine, causing distension, pain, and dribbling urination.

Floating and slippery pulses indicate water retention and ice-cold umbilicus.
Slippery is a Yang pulse; seen at Left Chi, it indicates Yang overcoming Yin. Kidney deficiency fails to transform water, leading to retention, ice-cold umbilicus/abdomen, and sometimes gurgling sounds.

Floating and surging pulses indicate Yin deficiency and sore/weak feet.
Left Chi floating-surging indicates Fire overcoming Water. External contraction leads to Heat entering Bladder, red/dysuric urine, and dull foot pain. Internal injury leads to severe Yin Essence deficiency, sore/weak feet and knees.

Absent floating pulses indicate Essence injury and amenorrhea.
Absence of Bladder pulse causes cold reversal, seminal emission with residual drops in men, and irregular or absent menstruation in women.

Deep and rapid pulses indicate Yin deficiency with Fire movement.
Deep and rapid pulses indicate exhaustion of Water, Yin deficiency, Fire movement, or blood stasis.

Deep and slow pulses indicate cold viscera and thin/clear essence.
Deep and slow indicate Kidney deficiency-cold. Visceral cold causes spontaneous diarrhea, thin/clear essence. In women, it causes Blood knotting and cold uterus.

Deep, tight, slippery, and wiry pulses indicate waist and foot pain.
Pulse deep with Wiry, Tight, and Slippery characteristics indicates Kidney affected by Wind-Damp, governing waist and foot pain.

Deep and wiry pulses indicate drinking water retained in the Lower Jiao.
Deep and wiry indicate Stomach Cold failing to control Water, leading to retention in the Lower Jiao and definitely Water Disease.

Deep and micro pulses indicate Qi deficiency causing metrorrhagia and leukorrhea.
Deep and micro Qi deficiency causes seminal emission and hematuria in men, metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, and irregular menstruation in women.

Very deep pulses indicate genital itching and failure of Wei Qi to ascend.
Very deep pulses indicate genital itching or waist/foot pain, all due to failure of Wei Qi to ascend and abundance of Damp-Heat.

Deep and moderate pulses indicate foot bi and cold lower abdomen.
Deep and moderate indicate Earth Evil overcoming Water, causing foot bi and cold lower Yuan. Single moderate is a controlling pulse.

Deep and hidden pulses indicate hernia, diarrhea, and masses.
Hidden pulses indicate Yin accumulation in the lower part, causing hernia pain, diarrhea, or mass formation.

Deep and soft pulses indicate hematochezia and uterine prolapse in women.
Soft pulse indicates consumption of Qi and Blood; hematochezia in men, uterine prolapse in women.

Deep and choppy pulses indicate cold extremities and borborygmus in abdomen.
Deep and choppy indicate Kidney deficiency failing to warm/nourish intestines/stomach, leading to cold extremities and borborygmus below the umbilicus.

Deep, moderate, and choppy pulses indicate extreme fatigue, neither cold nor hot, difficult to name.
Chi pulse moderate and choppy is called *Xie Dai*, indicating extreme fatigue. Moderate indicates internal heat; choppy indicates lack of Blood. Heat without Blood, neither cold nor hot, makes the disease hard to name; extreme lower deficiency with external contraction.

Deep and scattered pulses indicate waist pain and frequent urination.
Deep and scattered pulse definitely indicates waist pain and frequent urination.

Single deep pulse indicates no disease; uniform deep pulse indicates favorable condition.
Pulse only deep without slipperiness is called Single; deep with slipperiness is called Uniform. Both are favorable indications for the Kidney.

Deep and weak pulses indicate body ache and imminent Yin exhaustion.
Formula states: Urination pulse at Chi indicates imminent Yin exhaustion; aching pain spreads to upper skin.

Absent deep pulse indicates hot feet and loss of Essence.
Absence of Kidney pulse causes hot soles, internal urgency, exhaustion of Essence/Qi, caused by fatigue.

Excess of both Kidney and Bladder causes cephalic disease and heavy head/eyes.
Excess of both Kidney and Bladder resembles cephalic disease, with heavy, painful head and eyes.

Deficiency of both Kidney and Bladder causes Heart pain and pouring diarrhea.
Deficiency of both Kidney and Bladder causes Heart pain, heaviness below, and unremitting profuse diarrhea.

Lung pulse floating, choppy, and short is normal.
Floating, short, and choppy is the fundamental pulse of the Lung.

Slightly floating with scattered indicates clear Large Intestine.
Initially floating with scattered indicates clear Large Intestine Qi without disease.

Floating and rapid pulses indicate wind-heat, cough, and constipation.
Floating and rapid indicate wind-stroke, cough, fever, and constipation.

Floating and slow pulses indicate cold, diarrhea difficult to control.
Lung slow/Lung Cold, phlegm-fullness in chest, indigestion causing diarrhea.

Floating, solid, slippery, and large pulses indicate dry throat, intestinal pain, difficult bowel movement, and loss of nasal scent.
Floating, solid, slippery, and large indicate Heart Fire overcoming Lung, causing dry/painful throat, knife-like intestinal pain, dry hair/thick saliva, and loss of nasal scent.

Floating and hollow pulses indicate epistaxis and sudden chest disease.
Floating and hollow with stasis in chest cause epistaxis or vomiting. Stasis in chest causes sudden severe pain.

Overflowing floating pulses indicate diaphragmatic fullness or intestinal borborygmus.
Very floating overflowing to Yuji, Qi fails to descend, causing chest/diaphragm fullness; or when Qi descends, Large Intestine makes sounds.

Floating and surging pulses indicate hot feet and thick turbid saliva.
Floating surging indicates Fire excess, hot soles, thick/turbid/foul saliva.

Floating and tight pulses indicate panting and epidemic invasion.
Floating tight indicates epidemic invasion, wind-phlegm cough, and panting.

Floating and wiry pulses indicate cough and cold Qi knot.
Wind evil transmitting to Large Intestine causes wiry pulse, cough, and cold Qi constipation.

Floating and slippery pulses indicate much phlegm and dizzy head/eyes.
Floating slippery indicates much phlegm, dizzy head and eyes.

Floating and urgent pulses indicate intestinal wind, abscess, blood, and hemorrhoids.
Floating, wiry, rapid, and urgent indicate intestinal wind, intestinal abscess, hematochezia, and hemorrhoids.

Absent floating pulses indicate shortness of breath and water retention.
Absence of Large Intestine pulse causes shortness of breath and water under the heart.

Deep and rapid pulses indicate Fire excess and rising Phlegm-Qi.
Deep rapid indicates Fire overcoming Metal, Phlegm congestion, and panting urgency.

Deep and slow pulses indicate Qi fullness and cold saliva.
Song states: Slow pulse, Qi fullness, abundant cold phlegm, indigestion, gradual Qi decline.

Deep, tight, and slippery pulses still indicate cough.
Lung obtaining these three pulses indicates Cold, Wind, and Phlegm, causing cough.

Deep, fine, and slippery pulses indicate bone-steaming.
Child overcoming Mother deficiency, disease in bones. Formula states: Deep fine with slippery indicates bone-steaming; skin/hair generally choppy, cold and heat combined.

Deep and solid pulses indicate heat knot; deep and micro indicate cold knot.
Deep solid with slippery indicates pathogenic heat knot in chest; deep micro indicates cold knot in chest.

Very deep pulses indicate chest oppression pulling to back pain.
Very deep indicates oppressive Qi in chest pulling to back pain.

Deep and weak pulses indicate fright, sweat, and alternating chills/fever.
Deep weak Yang deficiency indicates fright/palpitations and excessive sweat; Deep soft deficiency damage indicates aversion to cold and fever.

Absent deep pulses indicate cough-regurgitation and throat sores.
Absence of Lung pulse causes shortness of breath, cough-regurgitation, and throat blockage.

Excess of both Lung and Large Intestine causes curling of lips and arms.
Excess of both Lung and Large Intestine causes inability to close lips and curling of arms.

Deficiency of both Lung and Large Intestine causes fear and seeing light.
Deficiency of both Lung and Large Intestine causes unhappiness, fearfulness, and occasionally seeing light.

Spleen pulse is fundamentally moderate and ideally invisible.
Moderate is the fundamental pulse of Spleen; faintly moderate and invisible is good. Bad is flowing like water (excess, disease outside, limbs immobile) or beak-like (deficiency, disease inside, nine orifices blocked).

Slightly moderate pulse indicates Stomach Qi balance.
Initially slightly moderate is the normal pulse of Stomach.

Floating and rapid pulses indicate Stomach Fire or mistaken purgation.
Floating rapid with force indicates Fire in Stomach, acid regurgitation, vomiting, swollen/bleeding gums, middle Xiao (polyphagia), nocturnal sweating. Floating rapid without force indicates physician's mistaken purgation damaging Spleen/Stomach.

Floating and slow pulses indicate Stomach Cold Qi and bloating.
Spleen/Stomach Qi deficiency-cold causes vomiting and abdominal distension.

Floating and choppy pulses indicate diarrhea and undigested grain.
Floating indicates Stomach deficiency; Choppy indicates Spleen Cold. Spleen/Stomach deficiency-cold fails to transform water/grain, leading to diarrhea.

Floating and solid pulses indicate Xiao Ke caused by labor.
Floating and solid pulse, due to labor injuring Spleen, allows Heart Fire to overcome Earth, consuming water/grain into waste rather than essence/blood to nourish five Zang. Hence dry mouth/thirst, scouring intestines, frequent urination, and consumption of flesh/blood, named Middle Xiao.

Floating and hollow pulses indicate rough skin and emaciation.
Floating indicates declining Stomach Qi; Hollow indicates injured Ying Qi. Thus muscles become rough/lusterless and gradually emaciate.

Floating and tight pulses indicate abdominal pain and borborygmus.
Duyang pulse floating and tight: Floating is Wind, Tight is Cold. Floating is abdominal fullness, Tight is colic. Floating and Tight struggle, causing borborygmus and rotation.

Floating, micro, and tight pulses indicate shortness of breath.
Micro indicates deficiency; Tight indicates cold. Middle deficiency and cold naturally cause shortness of breath.

Floating and slippery pulses indicate vomiting, hiccups, and bad breath.
Formula states: Wiry with slippery indicates Stomach Cold. Also: Single slippery indicates Spleen Heat, bad breath, coarse air. Slippery indicates hiccups, vomiting, bad breath. Combined with Wiry or without force indicates Stomach Cold. Combined with Floating, large, and force indicates Phlegm-Fire.

Overflowing floating pulses indicate wind-stroke with continuous salivation.
Floating, large, with Wiry, overflowing past Cun position indicates wind-stroke of this meridian, continuous salivation.

Floating and wiry pulses indicate limb tension, malaria, and dysentery.
Floating wiry indicates Liver Qi too strong affecting Spleen Earth, limb tension/fatigue, or epidemic malaria/dysentery. Very wiry is a controlling pulse.

Single floating indicates Stomach deficiency causing fullness; very floating indicates drum-belly like spider.
Very floating indicates Wind gathering in Stomach; severe Stomach deficiency causes large abdomen, thin limbs, like a spider.

Slightly floating guest-heat and Surging indicate Fan Wei (regurgitation).
Stomach evil manifests as Floating Surging; Stomach Fire governs regurgitation. Slightly floating without other pulses indicates Wind Evil/Guest Heat invading meridian. Calming Spleen Earth removes guest heat.

Absent floating pulses indicate hard skin and cold like water.
Absence of Stomach pulse: Qi decline causes body cold; Blood decline causes hard skin.

Deep and rapid pulses indicate Middle Xiao and preference for lying down.