头痛须用川芎，如不愈，各加引经药，太阳蔓荆，阳明白芷，〔少阳柴胡〕，〔太
阴苍术〕，少阴细辛，厥阴〔吴〕茱萸。
顶巅痛，〔用〕 本，去川芎。肢节痛，用羌活，风湿亦用之。小腹痛，用青皮、
桂、茴香。腹痛用芍药，恶寒而痛加桂；恶热而痛加黄柏。腹中窄狭，〔用〕苍
术、麦芽。下部腹痛川楝子。腹胀用姜制浓朴、紫草。腹中实热，用大
黄、芒硝。心下痞，用枳实、黄连。肌热去痰，用黄芩；〔肌热〕亦用黄 。虚热，
用黄 ，亦止虚汗。胁下痛，往来寒热，用柴胡。胃脘痛，用草豆蔻。气刺痛，用枳
〔壳〕，看何经，分以引经药导之。眼痛不可忍者，用黄连、当归根，以酒浸
煎。茎中痛，用甘草〔梢〕。脾胃受湿，沉困无力，怠惰嗜卧，去痰。用白术（枳
实、半夏、防风、苦参、泽泻、苍术）。破滞气，用枳壳、（高者用之，能损胸中
至高之气，三二服而已。）（陈皮、韭白、木香、白豆蔻、茯苓）。调气用木香、
（香附子、丁、檀、沉。）补气用人参、（用）膏、粳米。去滞气用青皮，多则泻元
气。破滞血用桃仁、苏木、（红花、茜根、玄胡索、郁李仁）。补血不足，用甘草（当
归、阿胶。）和血用当归，凡血受病皆用。血刺痛用当归，详上下用根梢。（上部血，
防风使〔牡〕丹皮、剪草、天麦二门冬。中部血，黄连使。下部血，地榆使。新血红
色，生地黄；陈血瘀色，熟地黄。）去痰用半夏，热痰加黄芩，风痰加南星。胸中寒
邪痞塞，用陈皮、白术。然，多则泻脾胃。嗽用（五味、杏仁、贝母），去上焦湿及
热，须用黄芩，泻肺火故也。去中焦湿与痛，用黄连，泻心火故也。去下焦湿肿及
痛，并膀胱火，必用汉防己、草龙胆、黄柏、知母。渴者用干〔葛〕、茯苓（天花
〔粉〕、乌梅），禁半夏。心烦，用栀子仁（牛黄、朱砂、犀角、茯苓）。饮水多
致伤脾，用白术、茯苓、猪苓。喘用阿胶。宿水不消，用黄连、枳壳。水泻，用白
术、茯苓、芍药。肾燥香豉。疮痛不可忍者，用苦寒药，如黄芩、黄连，详上下分
根梢及引经药〔则可〕。小便黄用黄柏，涩者加泽泻（余沥者杜仲）惊悸恍惚，
用茯神、（金虎〔睛〕珠）（凡春加防风、升麻；夏加黄芩、知母、白芍药；秋加泽
泻、茯苓；冬加桂、桂枝。）凡用纯寒纯热药，必用甘草，以缓其力〔也〕；寒
热相杂，亦用甘草，调和其性也；中满者禁用。经曰∶中满勿食甘。
Headache requires the use of Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong); if ineffective, add channel-guiding herbs according to the affected meridian: Taiyang channel uses Vitex Fruit (Wanjingtizi), Yangming channel uses Angelica Dahurica Root (Baizhi), Shaoyang channel uses Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu), Taoyin channel uses Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu), Shaoyin channel uses Asarum Root (Xixin), Jueyin channel uses Evodia Fruit (Wuzhuyu).
Pain at the vertex requires Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Qubian), removing Chuanxiong. Pain in limbs and joints requires Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo), which is also used for wind-dampness. Lower abdominal pain requires Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride (Qingpi), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi), and Foeniculum Fructus (Huixiang). Abdominal pain uses Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao); if accompanied by aversion to cold, add Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi); if accompanied by aversion to heat, add Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai). A sensation of tightness in the abdomen uses Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu) and Malto (Maiya). Lower abdominal pain uses Melia Toosendan Fruit (Chuanlianzi). Abdominal distension uses Zedoary Rhizoma processed with ginger (Nongpu) and Arnebiae Radix seu Lithospermi Radix (Zicao). Excess-heat in the abdomen uses Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang) and Mirabilite (Mangxiao). Fullness below the heart uses Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhishi) and Scutellariae Radix (Huanglian). For muscle fever requiring phlegm resolution, use Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin); [muscle fever] also uses Huangqin. Deficiency-heat uses Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), which also stops deficiency sweating. Hypochondriac pain with alternating chills and fever uses Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu). Epigastric pain uses Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus (Caodoukou). Qi-type stabbing pain uses Aurantii Fructus (Zhike); determine the affected channel and guide it with channel-guiding herbs. Unbearable eye pain uses Scutellariae Radix (Huanglian) and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), soaked in wine and decocted. Pain in the urethra uses Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma caudex (Gancao shao). Spleen and stomach affected by dampness, presenting with heaviness, weakness, lethargy, and propensity to sleep, require phlegm resolution using Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) (can be combined with Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, Alismatis Rhizoma, Atractylodis Rhizoma). To break stagnant qi, use Aurantii Fructus (Zhike) (for high-position stagnation, as it can damage the supreme qi of the chest; only two or three doses are needed) (can be combined with Tangerine Peel, Leek White, Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum, Cardamomi Fructus, Poria). To regulate qi, use Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum (Muxiang) (can be combined with Cyperi Rhizoma, Caryophylli Flos, Santali Lignum, Aquilariae Lignum). To tonify qi, use Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) (can be combined with paste and Oryza Sativa Grain). To remove stagnant qi, use Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride (Qingpi); excessive use drains primal qi. To break stagnant blood, use Persicae Semen (Taoren) and Calamus Wood (Sumu) (can be combined with Carthami Flos, Rubia Cordifolia Radix, Corydalis Rhizoma, Prunus Mume Seed). For insufficient blood tonification, use Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) (can be combined with Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Donkey-hide Gelatin). To harmonize blood, use Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), used whenever blood pathology occurs. Blood-type stabbing pain uses Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), selecting root or tip based on location. Upper blood pathologies use Saposhnikoviae Radix as guiding herb, combined with Moutan Cortex, Dianthus Superbus Herb, Asparagi Radix, and Ophiopogonis Radix. Middle blood pathologies use Scutellariae Radix as guiding herb. Lower blood pathologies use Sanguisorbae Radix as guiding herb. Fresh red blood uses Rehmanniae Radix Recens (Shengdi Huang); old dark blood uses Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (Shudi Huang). To resolve phlegm, use Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia); add Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) for heat-phlegm, add Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Nanxing) for wind-phlegm. Cold evil blocking the chest uses Tangerine Peel and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu); however, excessive use drains spleen and stomach. Cough uses Schisandrae Fructus, Armeniacae Semen Amarum, and Fritillariae Bulbus; to remove upper jiao dampness and heat, Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) is necessary because it drains lung fire. To remove middle jiao dampness and pain, use Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) because it drains heart fire. To remove lower jiao dampness, swelling, pain, and bladder fire, use Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Hanfangji), Gentianae Radix (Caolongdan), Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai), and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu). Thirst uses Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen) and Poria (Tianhuafen, Ume Fructus); Banxia is contraindicated. Mental restlessness uses Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi ren) (can be combined with Calculus Bovis, Cinnabaris, Rhinocerotis Cornu, Poria). Excessive drinking damaging the spleen uses Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu), Poria, and Polyporus. Asthma uses Colla Corii Asini (Ejiao). Retained water not digesting uses Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) and Aurantii Fructus (Zhike). Watery diarrhea uses Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu), Poria, and Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao). Kidney dryness uses Fermented Soybean (Xiangchi). Unbearable sore pain uses bitter-cold herbs like Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), selecting root/tip and channel-guiding herbs based on location. Yellow urine uses Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai); astringency adds Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie) (for dribbling, add Eucommiae Cortex). Palpitations and恍惚 (confusion/fright) use Poria cum Pinodi (Fushen) (Jingzhu). In spring, add Saposhnikoviae Radix and Bupleuri Radix; in summer, add Scutellariae Radix, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, and Paeoniae Radix Alba; in autumn, add Alismatis Rhizoma and Poria; in winter, add Cinnamomi Cortex and Cinnamomi Ramulus. When using purely cold or purely hot herbs, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) must be added to moderate their force; when mixing cold and hot herbs, Gancao is also used to harmonize their nature; it is contraindicated in fullness of the middle jiao. The Classics state: Do not consume sweet substances when there is middle jiao fullness.