瘟疫于今重达泉(槟榔二钱,草果、甘草各五分,浓朴、芍药、黄芩、知母各一钱,名达
泉饮,)休徇吴氏(吴又可达泉饮若燥灼阴,服之先涸汗源,不能作汗而剧)一偏言。鼻传秽气黄
涎吐,经受时邪壮热烦(谓但热而烦闷也。)败毒(散)藿香(正气散)分两道,散邪(人参败毒散,散邪方
也,令邪从经络解)解秽藿香正气散,解秽方也,今邪从口鼻解)各专门。防风通圣(散)神方外(表
证发解,里证又急,必用此散以两解之,)白虎三承虚实论(热渴自汗,表里不实者白虎汤,大
便不通者三承气汤。
阴虚盗汗为素禀不足。夜间发热,睡时汗出,醒即渐收,故曰盗汗,宜当归六黄汤。若
时常畏寒,一动则汗出,或不动而汗亦自出,名曰阳虚自汗,宜 附汤、参附汤、术附汤,
然阴阳互根,又有不可泥者,熟读《内经》,自得其治。景岳谓不治有六∶一、汗出而喘甚
;二、汗出而脉脱;三、汗出而身痛甚;四、汗出发润至巅;五、汗出如油;六、汗出如珠
。医者不得妄为用药。此症因汗从皮毛而出,故列于表证。
(经义)《阴阳应象大论》曰∶“阳之汗以天地之雨名之。”《宣明五气篇》曰∶“心为汗
。”《评热病论》曰∶“阴虚者,阳必凑之,故少气时热而汗出也。”《决气篇》曰∶“津
脱者腠理开,汗大泄。”《藏气发时论》曰∶“肺病者,肩背痛汗出;肾病者,寝汗出憎风
。”《脉要精微论》曰∶“阳气有余为身热无汗,阴气有余为多汗身寒,阴阳有余,则无汗
而寒。”
Plague (Wenyi) in the present day requires attention to Daquan Yin (Betel Nut Decoction, containing Betel Nut 2 qian, Caoguo and Licorice Root each 0.5 qian, Magnolia Bark, Peony Root, Scutellaria Root, and Anemarrhena Rhizome each 1 qian). One should not blindly follow Wu Youke's (Wu Yike) one-sided assertion that his Daquan Yin, if it causes dryness and burns Yin, will first deplete the source of sweat, preventing sweating and exacerbating the condition. When foul qi enters through the nose, yellow saliva is vomited; contracting seasonal pathogens leads to high fever and irritability (referring to fever accompanied by mental restlessness). Baidu San (Ginseng Decoction for Overcoming Toxins) and Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Agastache Powder for Rectifying the Qi) represent two distinct therapeutic pathways: the former is a formula for dispersing pathogens (allowing formulas like Ginseng Decoction for Overcoming Toxins to disperse pathogens, resolving them via the meridians), while the latter is a formula for resolving filth (allowing Agastache Powder for Rectifying the Qi to resolve filth, expelling pathogens via the mouth and nose); each has its specific expertise. Fangfeng Tongsheng San (Saposhnikovia Universal Benefit Powder) is a miraculous formula used when external syndromes require diaphoresis and internal syndromes are urgent, necessitating simultaneous resolution of both exterior and interior. The use of Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) and the three Chengqi Tangs (Descending the Surge Decoctions) depends on distinguishing deficiency and excess: for heat, thirst, spontaneous sweating, with no excess in the exterior or interior, use Baihu Tang; for constipation, use the three Chengqi Tangs.
Yin-deficiency night sweats (Dao Han) stem from congenital insufficiency. Nighttime fever accompanied by sweating during sleep, which ceases gradually upon waking, is termed night sweats; Danggui Liuhuang Tang (Angelica Six-Huang Decoction) is appropriate. If there is frequent aversion to cold, sweating upon slight movement, or even spontaneous sweating without movement, it is named Yang-deficiency spontaneous sweating (Zi Han); Fuzi Tang (Aconite Decoction), Shenfu Tang (Ginseng-Aconite Decoction), and Zhufu Tang (Atractylodes-Aconite Decoction) are indicated. However, since Yin and Yang are mutually rooted, rigid adherence is inadvisable; thoroughly studying the *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) will naturally reveal the appropriate treatment. Zhang Jingyue stated there are six conditions that should not be treated: 1. Sweating accompanied by severe asthma/dyspnea; 2. Sweating with pulse depletion; 3. Sweating with severe body pain; 4. Sweating with hair dampness extending to the vertex; 5. Sweating resembling oil; 6. Sweating resembling pearls. Physicians must not administer medication recklessly. This syndrome is classified under exterior syndromes because sweat exits through the skin pores.
(Interpretation of Classical Texts) The *Yin-Yang Yingxiang Dalun* (Great Treatise on the Correspondence of Yin and Yang) states: "Human sweat is named after the rain of heaven and earth." The *Xuanming Wuqi Pian* (Chapter on the Five Qi Manifested Clearly) states: "The Heart governs sweat." The *Ping Re Bing Lun* (Treatise on Evaluating Heat Diseases) states: "In cases of Yin deficiency, Yang inevitably congregates, resulting in shortness of breath, intermittent fever, and sweating." The *Jueqi Pian* (Chapter on Determining Essence and Qi) states: "When essence-fluids are depleted, the interstices open, leading to profuse sweating." The *Zangqi Fazhi Lun* (Treatise on the Timing of Organ Manifestations) states: "In Lung diseases, there is shoulder and back pain with sweating; in Kidney diseases, there is night sweating and aversion to wind." The *Maiyao Jingwei Lun* (Treatise on the Essentials of Pulse Diagnosis) states: "Excess Yang manifests as body heat without sweat; excess Yin manifests as excessive sweating with cold body; excess in both Yin and Yang results in no sweat and coldness."