〔钱〕嗽者，肺感微寒。八九月间肺气大旺，病嗽者其病必实，非久病也。其症面赤痰盛身热，法
当以葶苈丸下之。若久者，不可下也。
葶苈丸 治乳食冲脾，伤风咳嗽，面赤痰盛，身热喘促。
甜葶苈（去土，隔纸略炒） 黑牵牛（微炒） 汉防己 杏仁（去皮尖，炒，另研如膏。各一两）
上为末，研入杏膏拌匀，蒸陈枣肉和，再捣为剂，丸如麻子大，每服五丸至七丸，淡生姜汤下，
乳食后或临夜服，量儿加减。
〔洁〕人参荆芥散 治身热痰嗽，胸膈不利，宜下痰去热。
人参（半两） 荆芥穗（一两） 大黄（二钱）
上为细末，水煎，调槟榔、木香细末五分，轻粉一字，乳后服。如身热潮热，宜服清凉饮子去大黄，
三服之后，一二日却入大黄服之，令疏利则愈，不可便动脏腑。
〔钱〕十一月十二月嗽者，乃伤风寒嗽也。风寒从背第三椎肺 穴入，当以麻黄汤汗之。有热证面
赤，饮水，痰热，咽喉不利者，宜以甘桔汤兼治之。若五七日，其证身热，痰盛唾粘，加减三拗汤下之。
麻黄（去根节，三钱，水煮去沫，焙干） 桂枝（二钱） 杏仁（七个，去皮尖，炒黄，另研如膏）
甘草（炙，一钱）
上为粗末，入杏膏拌匀，每服一钱，水六分，煎至四分，去渣，温服无时，以汗出为度，量大小
加减。若
自汗者，不宜服之。
百部丸 治小儿肺寒壅嗽，微喘有痰。
百部（炒） 麻黄（去节。各三两） 杏仁（四十个，去皮尖，微炒，研入）
上为末，熟枣子丸如皂子大。温水下二三丸，无时，日三四服。此本方也，仲景加松子仁五十个，
蜜丸，更加胡桃肉含化大妙。一方加甘草二钱。
紫苏子散 治小儿咳逆上气，因乳哺无度，内挟风冷，伤于肺气，或小儿啼气未定，与乳饮之，
与气相逆，气不得下。
紫苏子 诃子（去核） 杏仁（去皮尖，炒） 萝卜子 木香 人参（去芦。各三两） 青皮
甘草（炒。各一两半）
上为细末，每服二钱，水一盏，生姜三片，煎至五分，去渣，不拘时服，量儿加减。
有肺盛者，咳而后喘，面肿欲饮水。有不饮水者，其身即热。以泻白散泻之。若伤寒咳嗽，五七日无
热证，而但嗽者，亦葶苈丸主之，后用化痰药。（泻白散方见虚实法。）
有肺虚者，咳而哽气，长出气，喉中有声，此久病也，以阿胶散补之。痰盛者先入脾，后以褊银丸
微下之，涎退速即补肺，如上法。（补肺法方见治虚实法。）
〔洁〕黄 汤 治小儿咳嗽喘逆，身热，鼻干燥者，是热入肺经，为客热，呷呀有声。
黄 （二两） 人参（二钱半） 地骨皮（五钱） 桑白皮（三钱） 甘草（二钱半）
上 咀，水煎，放温，频频服之。
〔海〕涎嗽，四君子加杏仁、桑白皮等分，半夏曲减半，同煎。咳嗽，四君子末煎紫苏汤调下。
〔洁〕咳嗽 肺之生病而成嗽，大抵秋冬则实，春夏则虚，更详五脏兼见之证，以辨虚实。若实则
面赤饮水，身热，痰涎盛，涕唾稠粘，咽干不利，喘嗽，面肿，吐食，皆当先补脾，益黄散，后泻肝，
泻青丸。若咯脓血，是肺痿也，用清肺散治之，若虚则面白脱色，气少不语，喉中有声，唾痰清利，
法当阿胶散补之。若亡
津液，用白术散主之。
〔钱〕治嗽大法，盛即下之，久即补之，更量虚实，以意加减。
褊银丸 治风涎膈实上热及乳食不消，腹胀喘粗。
巴豆（去油膜皮心，研细，半两） 水银（五钱） 黑铅（二钱半，同水银炒结砂） 麝香（另研，五分）
好墨（火烧醋淬，研，八钱）
上将巴豆末并墨再研匀，和入砂子麝香，陈米粥和丸如绿豆大，捻褊。一岁儿一丸，三二岁二三丸，
五岁以上五六丸，煎薄荷汤放冷送下。不得化破，更量虚实加减，并食后服。（虚人先以益黄散实脾，
后以此方下之，下后补肺。）
嗽而吐水或青绿水者，百祥丸下之。（方见痘门。）嗽而吐痰涎乳食者，白饼子下之。（方见积门。）
〔丹〕小儿痰嗽，必用吐法，（详见喘条。）
〔世〕白附丸治咳嗽有痰。（方见脾主湿门。）
胜金方 治小儿咳嗽。蜂房二两，净洗，去蜂粪及泥土，以火烧为灰，每服一字，饭饮下。
〔罗〕涂唇膏 治襁褓小儿咳嗽吐乳，久不愈。石燕一味，为末，每用一捻，蜜少许，调涂儿唇上，
日三五次，无时。
〔钱〕杜氏子五岁，自十一月病嗽，至三月未止。始得嗽而吐痰，乃外风寒蓄入肺经，令肺病嗽而吐痰，
风在肺中故也。宜以麻黄散辈发散，后用凉药压之即愈。时医与朱粉丸、半夏丸、褊银丸诸法下之，
其肺即虚而嗽甚，至春三月间尚未愈。召钱视之，其候面青而光，嗽而喘促，哽气，又时时长出气。钱曰∶
病困十已八九，然所以面青而光者，肝气旺也。春三月者。肝之位，肺衰之时也。嗽者肺之病，肺自十一
月至三月，肺即虚痿，又再下之，脾肺子母俱虚，复为肝所胜，此为逆也，故嗽而喘促，哽气，长出气
也。钱急与泻青丸泻之，后与阿胶散实肺。次日面青而不光，钱又用补肺，而嗽如前。又与泻肝，未已
而又加肺虚，唇白如练。钱曰∶此病必死，不可治也。何者？肝大旺而肺虚绝，肺病不得时而肝胜之，今
三泻肝而肝病症不退，三补肺而肺病尤虚，此不久生，故言死也。此证病于秋者十救三四，春夏者十难
救一，果大喘而死。
[Qian Yi] Cough is caused by the lung being affected by slight cold. In the eighth and ninth months, lung qi is at its peak; coughs occurring during this time are typically excess patterns (Shi Zheng) rather than chronic conditions. Symptoms include a red face, profuse phlegm, and fever. The treatment principle should be to purge using Tingli Wan (Thladianthae Fructus Pill). If it is a chronic cough, purging methods must not be used.
Tingli Wan: Treats cough due to food stagnation attacking the spleen or wind-cold injury, presenting with a red face, profuse phlegm, fever, and panting.
Ingredients: Tian Ting Li (Fructus Thladianthae, cleaned of soil, lightly fried between papers), Hei Qian Niu (Semen Impatientae, slightly fried), Han Fang Ji (Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae), Xing Ren (Semen Armeniacae Amarum, skin and tip removed, fried, ground separately into paste; each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above into powder, mix with almond paste, blend with steamed flesh of aged jujube, pound again into pills the size of hemp seeds. Take 5–7 pills per dose, administered with light ginger soup after feeding or before bed, adjusting dosage according to the child's condition.
[Li Gao] Renshen Jingjie San (Ginseng and Schizonepeta Powder): Treats fever, phlegm-cough, and chest/diaphragm discomfort. It is suitable for resolving phlegm and clearing heat.
Ingredients: Renshen (Radix Ginseng, half liang), Jingjie Sui (Cacumen Schizonepetae, 1 liang), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, 2 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder, decoct in water, and mix with 5 fen of fine powder from Binglang (Arecae Semen) and Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae), plus 1 zi of Qingfen (Calomelas). Administer after milk feeds. If there is fever or tidal fever, use Qingliang Yinzi (Cooling Drink) without Dahuang. After three doses, reintroduce Dahuang every one to two days to promote bowel movement and resolve the condition; do not disturb the zang-fu organs prematurely.
[Qian Yi] Coughs occurring in the eleventh and twelfth months are due to wind-cold injury. Wind-cold enters through the Feishu (BL13) acupoint on the third thoracic vertebra of the back. Treatment should involve sweating via Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction). If there are heat signs such as a red face, thirst, phlegm-heat, and throat obstruction, Ganjie Tang (Licorice and Platycodon Decoction) should be combined. If five to seven days have passed and symptoms include fever, profuse sticky sputum, treat with Jiajian San'ao Tang (Modified San'ao Decoction) to purge.
Ingredients: Mahuang (Herba Ephedrae, roots and joints removed, 3 qian, boiled to remove foam, dried), Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi, 2 qian), Xing Ren (Semen Armeniacae Amarum, 7 pieces, skin and tip removed, fried yellow, ground into paste), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried, 1 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into coarse powder, mix with almond paste. Take 1 qian per dose, add 6 parts water, boil down to 4 parts, strain, and take warm at any time until sweat appears. Adjust dosage based on age/size. Do not use if the patient has spontaneous sweating.
Baibu Wan (Stemona Pill): Treats pediatric cough due to lung cold obstruction, with mild panting and phlegm.
Ingredients: Baibu (Rhizoma Stemanae, fried), Mahuang (Herba Ephedrae, joints removed; each 3 liang), Xing Ren (Semen Armeniacae Amarum, 40 pieces, skin and tip removed, slightly fried, ground into mixture).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder, form pills the size of soap pods using cooked jujubes. Take 2–3 pills with warm water at any time, 3–4 times daily. This is the original formula; Zhang Zhongjing added 50 Songziren (Pine nuts) and formed honey pills; adding Hutaorou (Walnut kernel) to be sucked is also excellent. Another variation adds Gancao (2 qian).
Zisuzi San (Perilla Seed Powder): Treats pediatric cough with rebellious qi, caused by unregulated nursing leading to internal wind-cold damaging lung qi, or by giving milk while the child is crying and breath is unsettled, causing qi rebellion and failure to descend.
Ingredients: Zisuzi (Semen Perillae), Hezi (Fructus Chebulae, pitted), Xing Ren (Semen Armeniacae Amarum, skin and tip removed, fried), Luoboz (Semen Raphani), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Renshen (Radix Ginseng, rhizome removed; each 3 liang), Qingpi (Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, fried; each 1.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian per dose, add 1 cup water and 3 slices of fresh ginger, boil down to 0.5 cup, strain, and take at any time, adjusting for the child.
If lung qi is excessive, cough precedes panting, face is swollen, and there is thirst. If there is no thirst, the body becomes hot. Use Xiebai San (Clear White Powder) to purge. If it is a cold-induced cough with no heat signs after 5–7 days, only coughing remains, Tingli Wan is primary, followed by phlegm-resolving medicines. (See Xiebai San in the Deficiency-Excess chapter.)
If lung qi is deficient, coughing is accompanied by gasping, long sighs, and sounds in the throat; this is a chronic condition. Use Ejiao San (Donkey-Hide Gelatin Powder) to tonify. If phlegm is profuse, the pathology first involves the spleen; use Pianyin Wan (Narrow Silver Pill) to mildly purge, then immediately tonify the lung once saliva subsides, following the method above. (See Lung Tonification in the Treating Deficiency-Excess chapter.)
[Li Gao] Huangqi Tang (Astragalus Decoction): Treats pediatric cough with panting, fever, and dry nose. This indicates heat entering the lung meridian, constituting "guest heat," accompanied by noisy breathing.
Ingredients: Huangqi (Radix Astragali, 2 liang), Renshen (Radix Ginseng, 2.5 qian), Digupi (Cortex Lycii Radicis, 5 qian), Sangbaipi (Cortex Mori Radicis, 3 qian), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, 2.5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Cut into small pieces, decoct in water, let cool to warm temperature, and administer frequently.
[Hua Shou] Saliva-Cough: Si Junzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) plus equal parts Xing Ren and Sangbaipi, with Banxia Qu (Fermented Pinelliae Mass) halved, decocted together. General Cough: Si Junzi powder taken with Zijue Tang (Perilla Decoction).
[Li Gao] Cough resulting from lung disease generally presents as excess in autumn/winter and deficiency in spring/summer. One must examine concurrent symptoms of the five zang organs to distinguish deficiency and excess. If excess: red face, thirst, fever, profuse phlegm/saliva, thick nasal discharge, dry/uncomfortable throat, panting/cough, facial swelling, vomiting food. First tonify the spleen with Yihuang San (Benefit Yellow Powder), then purge the liver with Xieqing Wan (Drain Green Pill). If pus and blood are expectorated, it is Feiwei (Lung Atrophy/Abscess); treat with Qingfei San (Clear Lung Powder). If deficiency: pale/washed-out face, shortness of breath/silence, sounds in throat, clear/thin sputum. The method is to tonify with Ejiao San. If body fluids are depleted, use Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder).
[Qian Yi] The general principle for treating cough: Purge excess, tonify chronic deficiency, and adjust based on an assessment of deficiency and excess.
Pianyin Wan: Treats wind-phlegm, diaphragmatic fullness with upper heat, indigestion, abdominal distension, and rough breathing.
Ingredients: Badou (Semen Crotonis, oil/film/core removed, finely ground, half liang), Shuiyin (Hydrargyrum, 5 qian), Heiqian (Plumbum, 2.5 qian, fried with mercury to form cinnabar-like grains), Shexiang (Moschus, ground separately, 5 fen), Haomo (Good Ink, fired in fire and quenched in vinegar, ground, 8 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind Badou powder and ink evenly, mix with the mercury grain and musk, bind with old rice porridge into pills the size of mung beans, flatten. For a one-year-old, one pill; 2–3 years old, 2–3 pills; over 5 years old, 5–6 pills. Send down with cooled Bohe Tang (Mint Decoction). Do not let the pill dissolve in the mouth. Adjust based on deficiency/excess, administer after meals. (For deficient patients, first solidify the spleen with Yihuang San, then purge with this formula, and tonify the lung afterward.)
Cough with vomiting clear water or green-blue water: Purge with Baixiang Wan (Hundred Auspicious Pills). (See Vaccine Disease Chapter.) Cough with vomiting phlegm/saliva/milk: Purge with Baibing Zi (White Cake Pill). (See Accumulation Chapter.)
[Zhu Danxi] Pediatric phlegm-cough requires emetic therapy. (See Panting section.)
[Worldly Physicians] Baifu Wan (Leadwort Pill): Treats cough with phlegm. (See Spleen Governing Dampness Chapter.)
Shengjin Fang (Winning Gold Formula): Treats pediatric cough. Fengfang (Vespa Nidus, 2 liang), washed clean, removing feces and dirt, burned to ash. Take 1 zi per dose, swallowed with rice drink.
[Luo Tianyi] Lip Paste: Treats infants coughing and vomiting milk, chronic and unresponsive. Shiyan (Fossilized Bird Bone), single herb, ground to powder. Take a pinch, mix with little honey, apply to infant's lips 3–5 times daily at any time.
[Qian Yi] Son of Du, age five, had cough from November to March. Initially coughing and spitting phlegm, this was external wind-cold accumulating in the lung meridian, causing lung disease and phlegm expulsion due to wind in the lungs. Should have been treated with dispersing agents like Mahuang San (Ephedra Powder), followed by cooling medicines to resolve. Contemporary physicians used Zhufen Wan, Banxia Wan, and Pianyin Wan to purge, causing lung deficiency and worsening cough. By spring, still not cured. Qian Yi examined him: face blue and shiny, coughing with panting, gasping, and frequent long sighs. Qian Yi said: The illness is critical (90% fatal). The blue-shiny face indicates flourishing liver qi. Spring is the domain of the liver and the time of lung decline. Cough is a lung disease; from Nov to Mar, the lung is already deficient and flaccid. Further purging damaged both spleen and lung (mother and child relationship), allowing the liver to overcome them further. This is a counter-indication, hence the panting and sighing. Qian Yi urgently prescribed Xieqing Wan to drain the liver, then Ejiao San to solidify the lung. Next day, face was blue but not shiny. Qian Yi used lung tonification, but cough persisted. Then used liver draining, which failed, and lung deficiency worsened, lips becoming white as silk. Qian Yi said: This case is fatal and untreatable. Why? Liver is hyperactive, lung is exhausted. Lung disease occurs out of season while liver overcomes it. Three drains of liver failed to reduce liver pathology; three tonifications of lung failed to strengthen lung pathology. Death is imminent. Cases starting in autumn have 30–40% survival; cases starting in spring/summer have less than 10% survival. The patient indeed died of severe panting.